高三英语语法复习虚拟语气详解课件PPT学习教案

1、会计学1高三英语语法复习虚拟语气详解课件高三英语语法复习虚拟语气详解课件陈述语气（the Indicative Mood）用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个想法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。The fish is not alive without water.虚语语气（the Subjunctive Mood）表示说话人的一种愿望、建议、命令、要求、有时是一种非真实的假设、料想，或是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望。第1页/共65页1. 虚拟语气的考点 1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；5、虚拟语气与陈述语气

2、的判定。第2页/共65页if引导的虚拟条件句第3页/共65页If it rains tomorrow, the crops will be saved.陈述语气If it rained tomorrow, the crops would be saved.虚拟语气第4页/共65页If + 主 + did(were), 主+would/should/could/might +动词原形If I were you, I would try it again.1. 如果我是你，我会再试一次。2.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。If I had one million dollars, I wou

3、ld buy the plane.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句第5页/共65页If +主 +had done sth, 主+would/should/could/might +动词完成式（have done）If he had worked hard, he would have passed the examination.1.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。If I had married her, I would have been unhappy.2.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句第6页/共65页与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语)If

4、he came here tomorrow, I would tell him about it.If he were to come here tomorrow, I would tell him.1.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事.2.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.If + 主 + did(were to /should do), 主+would/should/could/might +动词原形第7页/共65页If you _tomorrow, you _find the new manager working in the office. A. should come; would

5、B. would come; wouldC. will come; should D. comes; mightIf the parents _at the hospital earlier after the accident, the child would have been saved.A. arrives B. arrive C. had arrived D. has arrived第8页/共65页If he _he _that food. Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; would not

6、 have takenB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken第9页/共65页I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother.A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come If my lawyer _here last Sunday, he _ me from

7、 going .A. had been; would have preventedB. had been; would preventC. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented第10页/共65页倒装的If虚拟句第11页/共65页条件状语的倒装：如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他Were I you, I would try it again. Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the fi

8、lm. Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out. If I were you, I would try it again.If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.第12页/共65页_the exam, he would have attend a college.A. If he passed B. Had he passedC. Were he passed D. If he

9、should pass_five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off.A. If you should arrive B. If you arriveC. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive _it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum.A. Were B. should C. would D. will第13页/共65页wish引导的虚拟句第14页/共65页I wish I remembere

10、d the address.我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）How I wish he had not left.要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）I wish it would rain tomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）wish + thatHow I wishIf onlydid/were 现在had done 过去would / might /would do 将来第15页/共65页5. If only (1) 要是就好了 = I wishIf only I knew his name now!If only we had followed y

11、our advice last time!If only I could see him again next year!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!要是我没错过火车就好了.第16页/共65页Exercises:“ Have you visited the Science Museum?”“ No, but I really wish I _.” A. had B. did C. have D. willI didnt go to the p

12、arty, but I do wish I _there.A. was B. were C. had been D. wentI wish I _ you yesterday.A. see B. did see C. had seen D. were to see第17页/共65页-He is a brave man.-Yes, I wish I _his courage.A. Have B. had C. will have D. would haveTom can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly

13、wish he _me how.A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teach第18页/共65页The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I_to it.A. hadnt gone B. havent goneC. didnt go D. could not have goneHow I wish I _that! Everybody present was angry with me.A. didnt go B. hadnt done C. wouldnt do D. wasn

14、t doing第19页/共65页 as if /though第20页/共65页He speaks English as if/ though he is from the USA.陈述语气He speaks English as if/ though he were from the USA.虚拟语气第21页/共65页2. as if /though + Clause现在：过去：将来 :did /were(现在)had done(过去)She loves the baby as if it were her own son.He speaks as if he had been to the

15、United States. would+动词原形(将来)第22页/共65页时间时间条件从句条件从句 if主句主句过去过去had donewould/should/could/might have done现在现在did/werewould/should/could/might do将来将来1.should do2.were to do3.did退一步 海阔天空even if/ though, wish, if only等从句的虚拟与它相同。第23页/共65页名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词第24页/共65页如果我是你，我就听从他的建议。If I were you, I would have

16、taken his advice.从句表示现在，主句表示过去如果你听我的话，现在就不会这么糟糕了。从句表示过去，主句表示现在如果这些天一直没下雨，我们现在可以进行工作了。从句表过去进行，主句表现在进行If you had listened to me, you might not be in such trouble now.If it hadnt been raining those days, we should be going on with the works.第25页/共65页注意:主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气(混合条件句): 有时条件从句中的动作和结果与主句中的动作，发生的时

17、间不一致，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。 第26页/共65页If you had followed my advice, you would be able to finish the work now.如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。（从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party.如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。（从句说明现在，主句说明过去。） 第27页/共65页If you hadnt lent me some money, I couldnt have boug

18、ht the new house and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now.假若你不借钱给我， 我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。（从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）第28页/共65页第29页/共65页 suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist, require, advice etc.引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，以(should) + v原的形式出现。 We all suggest that he

19、( should ) finish his homework first. The captain commanded that all the sailors ( should ) get down to work at once.第30页/共65页Its suggested ( ordered, demanded, proposed, commanded, requested, desired, insisted, required ) that 后面的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气，也以 ( should )+ v原.的形式出现。 Its ordered that only German (

20、should ) be taught at schools in Alsas and Lorin. Its requested that all the students ( should ) wear school uniforms at school.第31页/共65页 以上这些动词的名词形式后面的表语从句 和同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，也应以 (should) + v原. 的形式出现。 My suggestion is that you ( should ) go home first before coming here. His request that his cost ( sho

21、uld ) be paid by the hour is completely reasonable.The order came that the work (should) be finished two days ahead of time My advice is that you (should) practise speaking English as often as possible 第32页/共65页注意:当suggest 表示“暗示”;insist表示“坚持认为”时不用虚拟！His accent suggests he comes from Hunan.I insist t

22、hat he was wrongHis silence suggested that he agreed with my decision He insists that doing morning exercises does good to peoples health. 第33页/共65页虚拟语气特殊句型：第34页/共65页1. would rather that现在：过去：未来：过去时过去完成时过去时I would rather you paid me now.I would rather you had gone, too.Dont come. I would rather you

23、came tomorrow.第35页/共65页注意: 在主语would (had) rather that 宾语从句中，从句谓语一般用过去式表示虚拟形式。例如:我真希望你告诉我真相。 Id rather you told me the truth. 我宁愿不再见着你。 Id rather I didnt see you again. 我倒希望他们和我一起去。I would rather they went with me.第36页/共65页(1) 对现在的虚拟,谓语动词用过去时 (系动词用were),意指主从句谓语表示的动词同时发生.例如:他看起来好象病了.He looks as if he

24、were ill.他感到他应该独自对发生的 事情承担责任.He felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened.第37页/共65页(2) 对过去的虚拟谓语动词使用had+过去分词, 意指从句谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之前.例如:她英语说的很好就象是在英国学习的一样.She spoke English well as if she had studied English in England.我记得整件事情就象是昨天发生的一样.I remember the whole thing as if it had happened y

25、esterday.第38页/共65页(3) 对未来的虚拟谓语动词使用would+动词原形, 意指从句谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之后. 例如:史密斯太太哭得心都快碎了.Mrs. Smith sobbed as if her heart would break.第39页/共65页When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _.A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been brokenThe actor is 58 years old. But he acts a

26、s if he _ a young man.A. is B. will be C. am D. wereThe clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it _rain.A. is going to B. will C. was going to D. would第40页/共65页注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。It looks as if you are tired.第41页/共65页3. Its (about/high) time +that - 过去时should +V.你该走了。It

27、s high time that you went.Its high time that you were going.Its high time that you should go.我们该去睡觉了。Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 第42页/共65页4. without和but for 构成虚拟。but for要不是Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today.But for your help, I wouldnt ha

28、ve finished the work. Without your help, I would have failed.But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.第43页/共65页5. If only (1) 要是就好了 = I wishIf only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents

29、could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!第44页/共65页(2) = as long as 常用陈述语气.如果我们紧密团结就一定能战胜一切困难.We can surely overcome these difficulties if only we are closely united.第45页/共65页6. Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形It is important that we ( shou

30、ld ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.Its necessary that we should study hard.第46页/共65页7. otherwise 和supposing也可以引导虚拟语气。例如：The storm stopped, otherwise the sailors would have fallen into the sea.Im getting cold, otherwise I would keep her.Suppose(supposing

31、) your friends knew how you are behaving here, what would they think?第47页/共65页8. so that 与in order that 二者引导的目的状语从句谓语部分应该用may /might/can /could /etc.+动词原形 She stayed at home for a few days so that she might have more time to study it. She listened carefully in order that she minght discover exactly

32、what he wanted. He went to the station in a taxi so that he should not miss the train.第48页/共65页9.用 “may+动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此时may须置于句首 May good luck be yours!祝你好运！May you be happy!祝你快乐！May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就 Long live the people! 人民万岁！“God bless you,” said the priest.牧师说：“愿上帝保佑你！” 第49页/共65页第50页/共6

33、5页非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。含蓄条件句大体有三种情况: 第51页/共65页1. 条件暗含在短语中。如： W hat would I have done without you? (条件暗含在分词短语without you中) It would be easier to do it this way. (条件暗含在不定式短语to do it this way 中) But for your help we couldnt have succeeded in the experiment. (暗含条件是but for your help)第5

34、2页/共65页This same thing, happening in wartime, would lead to a disaster. (条件暗含在分词短语happening in wartime中) He must have the strength of a hippopotamus, or he never could have vanquished that great beast. (暗含条件是连词or) Alone, he would have been terrified. (暗含条件是alone) 第53页/共65页2. 条件暗含在上下文中。如： You might s

35、tay here forever. (可能暗含if you wanted to) We would have succeeded. (可能暗含if we had kept trying) Your reputation would be ruined. (可能暗含if you should accept it) I would appreciate a little of your time. (可能暗含if you were so kind as to give me a little of your time)第54页/共65页3. 在不少情况下，虚拟式已变成习惯说法，很难找出其暗含的条件

36、。如： You wouldnt know. 你不会知道。 I would like to come. 我愿意来。 I wouldnt have dreamed of it. 这是我做梦也不会想到的。 He told the story in such minute detail that he might himself have been an eye-witness. 他将那事讲的非常仔细，简直就象他亲眼看见一样 第55页/共65页1 He suggested that the meeting put off. A. not be B. should not C. wouldnt D. b

37、e not 2 It is strange that he so. A. thinks B. think C.thought D. will think 3 I wish I my uncle yesterday. A. met B. have met C. would meet D. had met 4 The old professor gave orders that the experiment before 6. A. was finished B. will finish C. be finished D. shall be finished 第56页/共65页5. She say

38、s shed rather he _tomorrow instead of today. A. had B. should leave C. leaves D. left6. Its already 5 oclock now. Dont you think its about time_ ? A. we are going home B. if she leaves C. we went home D. if she had left第57页/共65页 7 Its high time he home. A. goes B. went C. will go D. is going to go 8

39、 you succeed and you be healthy. A. Maymay B. Wishwish C. Hopehope D. Shouldmay 9 Galileo insisted that the earth round the sun. A. should move B. move C. moves D. A or B第58页/共65页10 If only I _ to my parents advice! A. listening B. listen C. am listening D. had listened 11 -Why didnt you come to the

40、 party yesterday? -I _ , but an unexpected visitor came to see me. A. did B. would C. had D. was going to 12 Id rather you _ me the news. A. not tell B. not to tell C. didnt tell D. hadnt told第59页/共65页 1. The boy who went swimming in the No- swimming Zone drowned in the river. If the boy hadnt gone swimming i