第一次课后英汉两种语言比较讲评

1、第一次课后英汉两种语言比较讲评（2010级10,11,12三班）Assignment 1:l Life for almost everybody is a long competitive struggle where very few can win the race, and those who do not win are unhappy. On social occasions when it is de rigueur （社交礼节）to seem cheerful, the necessary demeanor is stimulated by alcohol. But the ga

2、iety does not ring true and anybody who has just one drink too many is apt to lapse into lachrymose melancholy.l One finds this sort of thing only among English-speaking people. A Frenchman while he is abusing the Governments is as gay as a lark. So is an Italian while he is telling you how his neig

3、hbor has swindled him. Mexicans, when they are not actually starving or actually being murdered, sing and dance and enjoy sunshine and food and drink with a gusto which is very rare north of the Mexican frontier.Assignment 1:l 生活对每个人而言几乎都是一场持久的竞争，很少能有人生活对每个人而言几乎都是一场持久的竞争，很少能有人成为赢家，而赢不了的人便愁眉苦脸。在按照礼仪需

4、要兴成为赢家，而赢不了的人便愁眉苦脸。在按照礼仪需要兴高采烈的社交场合，这种必要的礼仪是靠酒精激发的。但高采烈的社交场合，这种必要的礼仪是靠酒精激发的。但这种欢乐并不真实，任何人只要多喝一杯，就会悲从中来，这种欢乐并不真实，任何人只要多喝一杯，就会悲从中来，潸然泪下。潸然泪下。l 人们发现，上述现象只发生在讲英语的群体中。法国人一人们发现，上述现象只发生在讲英语的群体中。法国人一面咒骂着一届届政府，一面又象云雀一样快活。意大利人面咒骂着一届届政府，一面又象云雀一样快活。意大利人也一样，他们一边向你讲述邻居怎样欺骗了他，一边又乐也一样，他们一边向你讲述邻居怎样欺骗了他，一边又乐不可支。墨西哥人只

5、要没饿死，或者没被杀害，就要又唱不可支。墨西哥人只要没饿死，或者没被杀害，就要又唱又跳，又吃又喝，还要晒日光浴，其又跳，又吃又喝，还要晒日光浴，其兴致盎然兴致盎然的样子在墨的样子在墨西哥以北地区委实罕见。西哥以北地区委实罕见。Assignment 1:l When I try to understand what it is that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes, of which one goes muc

6、h deeper than the other. The one that goes least deep is the necessity for subservience in some large organization. If you are an energetic man with strong views as to the right way of doing the job with which you are concerned, you find yourself invariably under the orders of some big man at the to

7、p who is elderly, weary and cynical. l Whenever you have a bright idea, the boss puts a stopper on it. The more energetic you are and the more vision you have, the more you will suffer from the impossibility of doing any of the things that you feel ought to be done. When you go home and moan to your

8、 wife, she tells you that you are a silly fellow and that if you became the proper sort of yes-man your income would soon be doubled. If you try divorce and remarriage it is very unlikely that there will be any change in this respect. And so you are condemned to great ulcers and premature old age. A

9、ssignment 1:l 我弄不清为什么那么多美国人不象人们料想的那样欢乐，觉得似我弄不清为什么那么多美国人不象人们料想的那样欢乐，觉得似乎有两个原因，其中一个比另一个深刻的多。乎有两个原因，其中一个比另一个深刻的多。 一个浅显的原因是，一个浅显的原因是，在大机构了供职必须俯首贴耳。如果你是个精力充沛的人，对于在大机构了供职必须俯首贴耳。如果你是个精力充沛的人，对于如何恰当的完成你的工作有着独到的见解，你会发现自己总要听如何恰当的完成你的工作有着独到的见解，你会发现自己总要听命于上面的某个大人物，他上了年纪，精力不济，还爱吹毛求疵。命于上面的某个大人物，他上了年纪，精力不济，还爱吹毛求疵。一

10、旦你有个好主意，老板就一棍子打死。你越是积极，越有见地，一旦你有个好主意，老板就一棍子打死。你越是积极，越有见地，你就越苦于无法完成你觉得自己应该完成的工作。可当你回家向你就越苦于无法完成你觉得自己应该完成的工作。可当你回家向妻子抱怨时，妻子会怪你是个笨蛋，还说如果你惟命是从，你的妻子抱怨时，妻子会怪你是个笨蛋，还说如果你惟命是从，你的收入很快就会翻一番。要是你想离婚再娶，这种情况也不会有任收入很快就会翻一番。要是你想离婚再娶，这种情况也不会有任何改观。因此，你注定每况愈下，未老先衰。何改观。因此，你注定每况愈下，未老先衰。Words and Phrases l 1) The one that

11、 goes least deep is the necessity for subservience in some large organization 在大机构必须俯首贴耳。在大机构必须俯首贴耳。（这里，（这里，subservience （不仅由名词转为了动词，而且由抽象转为了（不仅由名词转为了动词，而且由抽象转为了具体具体)。 l 2） under the orders of some big man：听命于上面的某个大人物：听命于上面的某个大人物（这里，（这里，under the order (由名词词组转为了动词词组）由名词词组转为了动词词组）l 3） puts a stopper

12、on it （瓶塞）（瓶塞） 一棍子打死。一棍子打死。(瓶塞瓶塞棍子转换了形棍子转换了形象。象。)l 4） the proper sort of yes-man 惟命是从惟命是从 (由名词词组转为了动词词组由名词词组转为了动词词组)l 5, to great ulcers and premature old age.每况愈下，未老先衰。每况愈下，未老先衰。(由由具体转为了抽象，而且还有中国四字格和成语的使用）具体转为了抽象，而且还有中国四字格和成语的使用） Sentencesl 1）When I try to understand what it is that prevents so man

13、y Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes, of which one goes much deeper than the other.l 我弄不清为什么那么多美国人不象人们料想的那样欢乐，我弄不清为什么那么多美国人不象人们料想的那样欢乐，觉得似乎有两个原因，其中一个比另一个深刻的多。觉得似乎有两个原因，其中一个比另一个深刻的多。l （没有了连词，但只要汉语的顺序排对，句子也可达意。（没有了连词，但只要汉语的顺序排对，句子也可达意。 定语从句转为短句起

14、补充说明的作用，定语从句转为短句起补充说明的作用， 没有了英文的主没有了英文的主次关系）次关系）Sentencesl 2）If you are an energetic man with strong views as to the right way of doing the job with which you are concerned, you find yourself invariably under the orders of some big man at the top who is elderly, weary and cynical.l 如果你是个精力充沛的人，对于如何恰当的完成你的工作如果你是个精力充沛的人，对于如何恰当的完成你的工作有着独到的见解有着独到的见解（句子顺序的调整），（句子顺序的调整），你会发现自己总要你会发现自己总要听命于上面的某个大人物，他上了年纪，精力不济，还爱听命于上面的某个大人物，他上了年纪，精力不济，还爱吹毛求疵。吹毛求疵。(定语从句化为了并列句，附带补充说明大人定语从句化为了并列句，附带补充说明大人物的特点。）物的特点。）Mode of Thinking 1)The one that goes least deep is the necessity for subse