名词性从句考点复习整理PPT课件

1、1 2 一、找出以下句子的成分（主、谓、宾、表、一、找出以下句子的成分（主、谓、宾、表、 定、状、补）定、状、补） 1. Mouse loves rice. 2. God is a girl. 3. I am Miss Chen, the head teacher of Class 1. 3 4(1) His job is important. (2) What he does is important. 5(1) This is his job. (2) This is what he does every day. 4 6(1) I dont like his job. (2) I don

2、t like what he does every day. 7(1) I dont know the man, Mr. White. (2) I dont know the fact that he is a teacher. 5 二、名词从句二、名词从句(Noun Clauses) 在句子中起在句子中起_作用的句子，作用的句子， 相当于相当于_ 在复合句中能担任在复合句中能担任_、_、_、 _等等 根据它在句中不同的语法功能，可分为根据它在句中不同的语法功能，可分为 _(Subject Clause)、 _(Predicative Clause)、 _(Object Clause) _(A

3、ppositive Clause) 6 三、名词性从句三、名词性从句考点：考点： that, whether,if what, which, who, whom,whose, when,where,why,how whatever, whichever ,whoever, whomever, whosever 7 合成一个句子：合成一个句子： 1) He would be back in an hour. He said He said (that) he would be back in an hour. 2) Do they speak English? We want to know W

4、e want to know if/whether they can speak English. 3) What is her name? He asks me He asks me what her name is. 考点考点1. 语序语序: 连接词陈述句连接词陈述句 8 注意：在注意：在think, believe, suppose, expect 等等 动词之后动词之后, 宾语从句中谓语的否定常转宾语从句中谓语的否定常转 移到主句的谓语上，移到主句的谓语上，称为否定转移。称为否定转移。 I dont think he will see you. We dont expect he is

5、 coming. I dont believe he will go. 考点考点1. 语序语序: 连接词陈述句连接词陈述句 9 No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what will man look like B. what man will look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like 考点考点1. 语序语序: 连接词陈述句连接词陈述句 10 1) When will Professor Li give us a talk? We wanted to kno

6、w We wanted to know when Professor Li would give us a talk. 2) Jim is a good student. The teacher said The teacher said (that) Jim was a good student. 3) Has Mr. Green been in Beijing for five years? He asked He asked if/whether Mr. Green had been in Beijing for five years. 1. 如果主句是如果主句是过去的时态过去的时态(包

7、括包括一般过去时一般过去时, 过去进过去进 行时行时), 那么从句的时态一定要用那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某相对应的过去的某 种时态。种时态。 11 2.主句的动词用主句的动词用过去过去时，从句表示时，从句表示客观事实，客观事实， 格言，谚语格言，谚语等，从句谓语动词用等，从句谓语动词用一般现在时一般现在时 Our physics teacher once told us that light _ (travel) faster than s 3.主句的动词用主句的动词用一般现在时一般现在时，从句谓语可，从句谓语可根据根据 从句谓语动词发生的时间选用从句谓语动

8、词发生的时间选用各种各种时态时态 Tom says that Mary _ (go) abroad last year and _ (be) there for nearly 5 months. went has been 12 1) 何时开会还没有决定。何时开会还没有决定。 When the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet . 2) 他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。 单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般一般用用_形形 式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主

9、语，谓式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓 语动词则用语动词则用_形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一 个主语从句，谓语动词用个主语从句，谓语动词用_形式。形式。 单数单数 复数复数 has When they will start and where they will go _ (have) not been decided yet . 3) 何时何地开会还没有决定。何时何地开会还没有决定。 When and where the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet . has 单数单数 have

10、13 1. 引导词引导词that（当名词性从句中不缺任何（当名词性从句中不缺任何 成分时用成分时用that) that 可省略的情况：可省略的情况： 单个宾语从句单个宾语从句中的中的that可省略可省略 that不可省略的情况：不可省略的情况： 1. 主语从句主语从句 2. 表语从句表语从句 3. 同位语从句同位语从句 4. 用用it做形式宾语的宾语从句做形式宾语的宾语从句 5. 并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的 引导词引导词that 不能省略不能省略 考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用 14 that/ 省略省略 1)I dont think

11、 _ she is coming. 2)It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake. 3)The reason is _ he is careless . 4)The news _ our team won the match inspired us. 5)I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud. 6)He told me _ his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone. (that) that that tha

12、t that (that) that 考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用 15 2. 其它连接代词和副词的选用其它连接代词和副词的选用 主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义, 正确的选择正确的选择who、which、when、 where、why、how 等连接词，这些等连接词，这些 连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接 作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。 考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用 16 1) 我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。 _ we

13、 shall hold our sports meeting is not decided. 2) 我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。 I dont know _ broke the glass yesterday. 3) 我不知道他长的什么样子。我不知道他长的什么样子。 I have no idea _ he looks like. 4) 这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。 This is _ I left my glasses. When who what where 考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用 17 1) I think th

14、at it is unnecessary for me to speak louder. 2) His mother is satisfied with what he has done. 3) That he was able to come made us happy. 4) This is what makes us interested. 5) The reason was that Tom had never seen the million- pound note before. 所引导的从句中是否所引导的从句中是否 缺主语、表语或宾语缺主语、表语或宾语 汉语意义汉语意义能否省略能

15、否省略 what that 考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用 3. that 和和what 的选用的选用 that 和和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。都可引导所有的名词从句。 18 填填that 还是还是 what？ 1) _ he wants is a book. 2) _ he wants to go there is obvious. 3) The result is _ we won the game. 4) This is _ we want to know. 5) Is _ he told us true? 6) We should pay atten

16、tion to _ the teacher is saying. 7) I have no doubt _ he will come. 8) I have no idea _ he did that afternoon. What That that what what what that what 考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用 19 1) 在主语从句中，只有用在主语从句中，只有用it作形式主语作形式主语 时时, whether和和if 都能引导主语从句都能引导主语从句, 否否 则则, 也只能用也只能用whether。如。如: Whether we shall at

17、tend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. It hasnt been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting. 考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用 4. if 和和whether 的选用的选用 20 2) 在表语从句和同位语从句中。如：在表语从句和同位语从句中。如： The question is whether the film is worth seeing. The news whether our team has won the match is unknown.

18、考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用 4. if 和和whether 的选用的选用 21 3) 在介词之后。在介词之后。(介词往往可以省略介词往往可以省略) 如如: It all depends (on) whether they will support us. 4) 后面直接跟动词不定式时。如：后面直接跟动词不定式时。如： He doesnt know whether to stay or not. 5) 后面紧接后面紧接or not 时。如：时。如： We didnt know whether or not she was ready. 考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的

19、选用名词性从句连接词的选用 4. if 和和whether 的选用的选用 22 4. if 和和whether 的选用的选用 不能使用不能使用if 的情况：的情况： 1）主语从句）主语从句 2）表语从句）表语从句 3）同位语从句）同位语从句 4）介词后的宾语从句）介词后的宾语从句 5）whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to do 6）whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从连在一起引导宾语从 句时不用句时不用if. 考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用 23 if / whether 1) I asked her _ she had

20、a bike. 2) _ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 3) Were worried about _ he is safe. 4) I dont know _ he is well or not. 5) I dont know _ or not he is well. 6) The question is _ he should do it. 7) The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover

21、 soon. 8) I dont know _ to go. if / whether Whether whether whether whether whether whether whether 考点考点4 名词性从句连接词的选用名词性从句连接词的选用 24 基本句型基本句型： It is +形容词、名词、过去分词形容词、名词、过去分词+ that . + (should) do 形容词: important ,necessary, natural, strange 名词: a pity, a shame, no wonder 过去分词: suggested, ordered, deman

22、ded, insisted 1. It is ordered that he _ the examination? A. takes B. has to take C. must take D. take 2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told 25 We suggested that the meeting _ A. should put off B. be put off C. was put off D. putting off 表示建议、要求、命令

23、、坚持等动词表示建议、要求、命令、坚持等动词suggest, insist, advise, propose, demand, require, request, order, command后的从句谓语动词用后的从句谓语动词用_ 注意注意: suggest 当表示当表示“暗示、表明暗示、表明”讲时，讲时， insist 表示表示“坚持认为坚持认为”之意时，从句不用虚之意时，从句不用虚 拟语气拟语气 (should) + do/be done The smile on his face suggested that he _ (was/be/is)satisfied with our work

24、. was 26 a. I wish I _(know) the answer now. b. I wish he _(pass) the exam yesterday. c. I wish I _ (fly) to the moon in a few years. 1. 对现在虚拟时对现在虚拟时，that从句中谓语用过去时从句中谓语用过去时 2. 对过去虚拟时对过去虚拟时，用用had过去分词过去分词 3. 对将来虚拟时对将来虚拟时，用用would (might等等)动词原形动词原形 knew had passed would fly 27 在在suggestion, proposal, id

25、ea, plan, order, advice 等等 名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气， 即即_ His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try 2. The order given by the commander was that they _ until the commander allowed they to. A. stopped B. didnt stop C. stop D. not

26、 stop (should) + do/be done 28 1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books. 2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting. 3. It is obvious to the students whether they should get well prepared for their future. 4. It doesnt matter that you will c

27、ome or not. it It that whether 找出下列句子中的错误找出下列句子中的错误 当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句 _，而用，而用it作为形式主语置于句首。作为形式主语置于句首。it 也可也可 作形式宾语作形式宾语。 后置后置 考点考点6 it6 it作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语 29 用用it 作形式主语的结构作形式主语的结构 (1) It is名词从句名词从句 It is a fact that 事实是事实是 It is an honor that 非常荣幸非常荣幸 It is common knowledg

28、e that是常识是常识 (2) It is形容词从句形容词从句 (多用多用 should) It is natural that 很自然很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是奇怪的是 考点考点6 it6 it作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语 30 (3) It is 不及物动词从句不及物动词从句 It seems that 似乎似乎 It happened that 碰巧碰巧 It appears that 似乎似乎 (4) It is 过去分词从句过去分词从句 It is reported that 据报道据报道 It has been proved that 已证

29、实已证实 It is said that 据说据说 考点考点6 it6 it作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语 31 1）It is certain that he will come. 2）It is said that some American friends will visit our school next week. 3）It happened that we were out for a walk yesterday evening. 考点考点6 it6 it作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语 32 在宾语从句中在宾语从句中, 如果宾语从句后有宾语如果宾语从句后有宾

30、语 补足语，为了保持句子平衡补足语，为了保持句子平衡, 用用it作形式作形式 宾语宾语, 将从句放于句尾将从句放于句尾, 常用于此句型的常用于此句型的 动词有动词有: make, find, see, hear, feel, think. 1）I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day. 2）I think it a pity to waste the food. 考点考点6 it6 it作形式主语和形式宾语作形式主语和形式宾语 33 考点考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别同位语从句的引导和辨别 1.同位语从句的格

31、式：同位语从句的格式：n.+ 连接词连接词 + 从句从句 2.能接同位语从句的名词有：能接同位语从句的名词有：fact, idea, news, information, order, belief, advice, suggestion等抽象名词等抽象名词 3.连接词通常是连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用也可根据含义选用 whether, what, when, where 等来引导同位等来引导同位 语从句。语从句。 34 1) I have no idea _ he comes from. 2) He cant answer the question _ he got the mon

32、ey. 3) He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise. 4) I have no doubt _ he will win. 5) I have some doubt _ he will win. that/ whether / where/ how where how that that whether 考点考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别同位语从句的引导和辨别 35 4. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别 考点考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别同位语从句的引导和辨

33、别 同位语从句同位语从句说明说明的名词大都是抽象名词的名词大都是抽象名词; 定语从句定语从句所所修饰、限定修饰、限定的名词或代词有的名词或代词有 抽象的也有不抽象的。抽象的也有不抽象的。 We express the hope that they will come to visit China again. Those who want to go please sign their names here. 36 1) The news that he told us made us happy. 2) The news that we won the game made us happy.

34、 3) We will consider the suggestion that we should build a new library. 4) We will consider the suggestion that he put forward at the meeting. 同位语从句同位语从句or定语从句定语从句? 定语从句定语从句 同位语从句同位语从句 定语从句定语从句 同位语从句同位语从句 考点考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别同位语从句的引导和辨别 37 5) The news that he told me is that Mike would go abroad next y

35、ear. 6) The news that Mike would go abroad next year is told by him. 7) She expressed the hope that they would come to visit Shanghai again. 8) The hope (that) she expressed is that they would come to visit Shanghai again. 定语从句定语从句 同位语从句同位语从句 同位语从句同位语从句 定语从句定语从句 考点考点7 同位语从句的引导和辨别同位语从句的引导和辨别 同位语从句同位语从句or定语从句定语从句? 38 请看这两句有什么不同？ The news that Mr. Li will be ou