毕业设计(论文)附件

1、毕业设计附件题目：铸造工件砂眼泄漏检测装置的机械设计姓 名： 学 号： 学 院： 专 业： 指 导 教 师： 协助指导教师： 2016年 5月 20 日 目 录开题报告3外文原文及翻译5北京联合大学毕业设计（论文）开题报告题目：铸造工件砂眼泄漏检测装置的机械设计 专业： 指导教师： 学院： 学号： 班级： 姓名： 于长庆 一、课题任务与目的检测对象：对象品分为有杆侧端盖和无杆侧端盖两大类，32、40、50、63、80、100六个缸径12种产品； 设备循环时间设定在15S/本以内，采用双工位设计； 泄漏基准设定为 4cc/min，超出为不适合品。二、调研资料情况课题铸造端盖砂眼泄漏检测设备的机械

2、设计来自SMC（北京）制造有限公司生产一线。该课题针对工件铸造时产生砂眼和由砂眼引起的泄漏等质量问题进行定性和定量的计量，从而对改善端盖的铸造工艺提出建设性的意见。三、初步设计方法与实施方案通过对铸造端盖泄露的分析，对检测设备进行了整体结构到检测治具的设计，从最初的方案设计对比，装配图零件图出图，装配调试，到最终现场的使用，整个过程让我受益匪浅，更重要的是自动检测设备的投入为现场节省了制造成本及人工投入。而这次设计所取得的成果也具有水平展开意义，并可以为今后在砂眼检测的领域积累经验，创取更大的利益。四、预期结果针对铸造工艺来讲砂眼的存在几乎是不可消除的，虽然完全消除砂眼几乎是不可能的，但是对于

3、砂眼所引起的对使用性能的影响我们是可以通过定性和定量的计量检测来判断是否会对使用造成影响，加上对检测结果的汇总、分析，我们还可以不断改善铸造工艺的缺陷，最终也有可能将砂眼变为可以控制的因素。五、进度计划设计（论文）各阶段名称起 止 日 期1报题、与指导老师沟通3月9日2现场调研、查阅相关资料3月15日3完成检测装置的整体方案设计3月29日4完成装置的设计4月15日5撰写论文，与指导老师沟通4月30日6准备答辩5月20日北京联合大学毕业设计（论文）外文原文及译文题目：模具设计与制造Mold Design and Manufacture 专业： 指导教师： 学院： 学号： 班级： 姓名： 于长庆

4、一、外文原文 The mold is the manufacturing industry important craft foundation, in our country, the mold manufacture belongs to the special purpose equipment manufacturing industry. China although very already starts to make the mold and the use mold, but long-term has not formed the industry. Straight st

5、abs 0 centuries 80s later periods, the Chinese mold industry only then drives into the development speedway. Recent years, not only the state-owned mold enterprise had the very big development, the three investments enterprise, the villages and towns (individual) the mold enterprises development als

6、o quite rapidly. Although the Chinese mold industrial development rapid, but compares with the demand, obviously falls short of demand, its main gap concentrates precisely to, large-scale, is complex, the long life mold domain. As a result of in aspect and so on mold precision, life, manufacture cyc

7、le and productivity, China and the international average horizontal and the developed country still had a bigger disparity, therefore, needed massively to import the mold every year. The Chinese mold industry except must continue to sharpen the productivity; from now on will have emphatically to the

8、 profession internal structure adjustment and the state-of-art enhancement. The structure adjustment aspect, mainly is the enterprise structure to the specialized adjustment, the product structure to center the upscale mold development, to the import and export structure improvement, center the upsc

9、ale automobile cover mold forming analysis and the structure improvement, the multi-purpose compound mold and the compound processing and the laser technology in the mold design manufacture application, the high-speed cutting, the super finishing and polished the technology, the information directio

10、n develops . The recent years, the mold profession structure adjustment and the organizational reform step enlarges, mainly displayed in, large-scale, precise, was complex, the long life, center the upscale mold and the mold standard letter development speed is higher than the common mold product; T

11、he plastic mold and the compression casting mold proportion increases; Specialized mold factory quantity and its productivity increase; The three investments and the private enterprise develops rapidly; The joint stock system transformation step speeds up and so on. Distributes from the area looked,

12、 take Zhujiang Delta and Yangtze River delta as central southeast coastal area development quickly to mid-west area, south development quickly to north. At present develops quickest, the mold produces the most centralized province is Guangdong and Zhejiang, places such as Jiangsu, Shanghai, Anhui an

13、d Shandong also has a bigger development in recent years. Although our country mold total quantity had at present achieved the suitable scale, the mold level also has the very big enhancement, after but design manufacture horizontal overall rise and fall industry developed country and so on Yu De, A

14、merica, date, France, Italy many. The current existence question and the disparity mainly display in following several aspects: (1) The total quantity falls short of demand Domestic mold assembling one rate only, about 70%. Low-grade mold, center upscale mold assembling oneself rate only has 50% abo

15、ut. (2) The enterprise organizational structure, the product structure, the technical structure and the import and export structure does not gather . In our country mold production factory to be most is from the labor mold workshop which produces assembles oneself (branch factory), from produces ass

16、embles oneself the proportion to reach as high as about 60%, but the overseas mold ultra 70% is the commodity mold. The specialized mold factory mostly is large and complete, small and entire organization form, but overseas mostly is small but, is specially small and fine. Domestic large-scale, prec

17、ise, complex, the long life mold accounts for the total quantity proportion to be insufficient 30%, but overseas in 50% above 2004 years, ratio of the mold import and export is 3.7:1, the import and export balances the after net import volume to amount to 1.32 billion US dollars, is world mold net i

18、mport quantity biggest country . (3) The mold product level greatly is lower than the international standard The production cycle actually is higher than the international water broad product level low mainly to display in the mold precision, cavity aspect and so on surface roughness, life and struc

19、ture. (4) Develops the ability badly, economic efficiency unsatisfactory our country mold enterprise technical personnel proportion low The level is lower, also does not take the product development, and frequently is in the passive position in the market. Our country each mold staff average year cr

20、eation output value approximately, ten thousand US dollars, overseas mold industry developed country mostly 15 to10, 000 US dollars, some reach as high as 25 to10, 000 US dollars, relative is our country quite part of molds enterprises also continues to use the workshop type management with it, trul

21、y realizes the enterprise which the modernized enterprise manages few . To create the above disparity the reason to be very many, the mold long-term has not obtained the value besides the history in as the product which should have, as well as the most state-owned enterprises mechanism cannot adapt

22、the market economy, but also has the following several reasons: . (1) Country to mold industry policy support dynamics also insufficiently Although the country already was clear about has promulgated the mold profession industrial policy, but necessary policy few, carried out dynamics to be weak. At

23、 present enjoyed the mold product increment duty enterprise nation 185; the majority enterprise still the tax burden is only overweight. The mold enterprise carries on the technological transformations introduction equipment to have to pay the considerable amount the tax money, affects the technolog

24、y advancement, moreover privately operated enterprise loan extremely difficult. (2) Talented person serious insufficient, the scientific research development and the technical attack investment too urine Mold profession is the technology, the fund, the work crowded industry, along with the time prog

25、ress and the technical development, grasps the talented person which and skilled utilizes the new technology exceptionally short, the high-quality mold fitter and the enterprise management talent extremely is also anxious. Because the mold enterprise benefit unsatisfactory and takes insufficiently t

26、he scientific research development and the technical attack, the scientific research unit and the universities, colleges and institutes eye stares at is creating income, causes the mold profession invests too few in the scientific research development and the technical attack aspect, causes the mold

27、 echnological development step not to be big, progresses not quick. (3) The craft equipment level to be low, also necessary is not good, the use factor low Recent years our country engine bed profession progressed quickly, has been able to provide the quite complete precision work equipment, but com

28、pared with the overseas equipment, still had a bigger disparity. Although the domestic many enterprises have introduced many overseas advanced equipment, but the overall equipment level low are very more than the overseas many enterprises. As a result of aspect the and so on system and fund reason,

29、introduces the equipment not necessary, the equipment and the appendix not necessary phenomenon are extremely common, the equipment utilization rate low question cannot obtain the comparatively properly solution for a long time . (4)Specialization,standardization, commercialized degree low, the coop

30、eration ability Because receives large and complete small and entire the influence since long ago, mold specialization level low, the specialized labor division is not careful, the commercialized degree is low. At present domestic every year produces mold, commodity mold minister 40% about, other fo

31、r from produce uses for oneself. Between the molds enterprise cooperates impeded, completes the comparatively large-scale mold complete task with difficulty. Mold standardization level low, mold standard letter use cave rare is low also to the mold quality, the cost has a more tremendous influence,

32、specially has very tremendous influence. (5) To the mold manufacture cycle) the mold material and the mold correlation technology fall. The mold material performance, the quality and the variety question often can affect the mold quality, the life and the cost, the domestically produced molding tool

33、 steel and overseas imports the steel products to compare has a bigger disparity. Plastic, plate, equipment energy balance, also direct influence mold level enhancement.Along with the global economy development, the new technological revolution made the new progress and the breakthrough unceasingly,

34、 the technical leap development already becomes the important attribute which the impetus world economics grew. The market economy unceasing development, urges the industry product more and more to the multi-varieties, high grade, the low cost direction to develop, in order to maintain and strengthe

35、ns the product in market competitive power, product development cycle, production cycle more and more short, thereupon to makes each kind of product the essential craft equipment mold request to be more and more harsh. On the one hand the enterprise for the pursue scale benefit, causes the mold to t

36、urn towards high speed, is precise, the long life direction develops; On the other hand enterprise in order to satisfy the multi- varieties, the product renewal quickly, wins the market the need, requests the mold to turn towards the manufacture cycle to be short, the cost low fast economy direction

37、 develops. The computer, the laser, electronic, the new material, the new technical development, causes the fast economical pattern making technology even more powerful, the application scope expands unceasingly, the type increases unceasingly, the creation economic efficiency and the social efficie

38、ncy are more and more remarkable. The fast economical pattern making technology and the traditional machine-finishing compares, has the pattern making cycle short, the cost is low, the precision and the life can satisfy in the production the operation requirements, is synthesizes an economic efficie

39、ncy quite remarkable kind to make the mold the technology, summarizes below, has several types to leave. 1 Fast prototype manufactures technology The fast prototype manufacture technology is called RPM, is one kind of new manufacture technology which the 80s later period develops. US, Japan, England

40、, Israel, Germany, China have all promoted own commercialization product, and has formed the new industry gradually. RPM is the computer, the laser, the optical scanning, the advanced new material, the computer-aided design (CAD), the computer assistance processing (CAM), the numerical control (CNC)

41、 synthesizes the application the high technology and new technology. In takes shape in the concept take the plane separate, piles up as the instruction, in the control take the computer and the numerical control as the foundation, and take biggest flexibility as general goals. It has abandoned the t

42、raditional machine-finishing method, to the manufacturing industry transformation is a significant breakthrough, uses the RPM technology to be possible directly or indirectly the fast pattern making, this technology already by profession widespread application and so on automobile, aviation, electri

43、cal appliances, ships, medical service, and mold. 2 Surfaces take shape the pattern making technology The surface takes shape the pattern making technology, mainly is the use spurts spreads, the electrolytic casting, chemistry corrosion and so on the new technique formation cavity surface and the fi

44、ne pattern one kind of craft technology, in the practical application including following several kind of types.Electric arcs spurt spread take shape the pattern making technology The electric arc spurts spreads takes shape the technical principle is: Has the electric arc quantity of heat using betw

45、een 2 circular telegrams tinsel to melt the tinsel, depends upon the compressed gas its full atomization, and gives the certain kinetic energy, high speed sprays in the type mold surface, layer upon layer mounts, forms a metal shell, namely the cavity internal surface, uses to fill the substrate mat

46、erial again (generally for metal silt and resin compound materials) performs to support the reinforcement, enhances its intensity and the rigidity, combines the mold together with the metal pattern frame. This kind of pattern making technology craft simple, cost low, manufacture cycle extremely shor

47、t, the cavity surface takes shape only needs for several hours, saves the energy and the metal material, general cavity surface 2-3mm is only thick, simulation greatly strengthened, the pattern precision may achieve 0.5 mu m. At present this technology widely uses in superficial shape and so on airp

48、lane, automobile mold, electrical appliances, furniture, shoemaking, fine arts handicraft is complex and the pattern fine each kind of polyurethane product blow molding, attracts models, the PVC injection, PU becomes spongy and each kind of injection takes shape in the mold. Electrolytic castings ta

49、ke shape the technology The electrolytic casting takes shape the technical principle to be same with the galvanization, is according to model the mold (ready-made product or female mold which makes according to product blueprint) is the datum (negative pole), places in the electrolytic casting fluid

50、 (anode), causes in the electrolytic casting fluid the metallic ion to return to original state a latter place deposition on the type mold, forms the metal shell, after strips it, contacts the surface with the type mold namely for the mold the cavity internal surface. This technical main characteris

51、tic is saves material, the mold manufacture cycle short, electrolytic casting level degree of hardness may reach 40HRC, enhanced the resistance to wear and the life, roughness, the size precision is completely consistent with the type mold, is suitable for the injection, attracts models, the blow mo

52、lding, keeps out models, mold cavity and the electric spark and so on Bakelite mold, glass mold, compression casting mold takes shape the electrode manufacture. Cavities surfaces fine pattern takes shape etching technology.The etching technology is optics, chemistry, the machining synthesis applicat

53、ion one kind of technology, its basic principle is makes first the pattern design the film, then in has spread the film on pattern design duplication the photosensitive material on the mold cavity surface, process chemistry processing, the mold cavity surface does not form by the etching partial pro

54、tectors, then acts according to the mold material quality, the choice corresponding etching craft, pattern design etching in mold internal surface. This technical main characteristic is the time short, the expense is low, patching damages the pattern design to be possible to achieve flawlessly. 3 Sp

55、rinkle to cast into the type system mold technique Sprinkling to cast into technical and common characteristics of the type system mold is according to the kind piece for basis, sprinkle a convex and cave mold, a surface do not need the machine to process. Make physically to mainly have following se

56、veral categories type in the mold. 4 Extrusions takes shape the technology Using the beryllium copper alloy good thermal conductivity and the stability, after the solid melt aging treatment of metal, use the swaging pressure to make the mold concave model cavity. Its characteristic is makes the cycle short, the cavity precision is high (the IT7 level), surface rou