高中英语阅读理解猜词专题

1、高三英语备课材料汪丽珍 2010.10.20 猜词题思路：由易到难，利用高考真题为素材，引导学生自己归纳猜词技巧part one 构词法猜词一、compound1. days are filled with horse-related activities to strengthen the connection between each girl and horses.2. many of these wage-earners return in the end, sending home huge amounts of money.3. status makes people feel b

2、etter, which explains why scientists or actors may happily accept poorly-paid job.4. the view is short- sighted. in fact music is of great benefit for us all.5. one good thing from downturn of economy will be a generation thats financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money.q： 如何猜复合词的词义

3、？二、conversion1. since graduation, i have authored 34 nationally published childrens books.2. processing fresh tea shoots（嫩芽）into the familiar dry tea leaves requires great care and skill.3. the first six-edition, all priced at ￥6.99, and advertised as great reads, will go on sale next months, with p

4、lans for 50 to 100 more to follow.q：你认识这些划线单词吗？你所掌握的词义与他们在句子中的词义是否一样？猜他们的词义有技巧吗？三、derivative（一）group 11. 1) with a deep sigh, mr death climbed up the tree un willingly, and immediately stuck to it.2) surely enzo will take the audience deep beneath of the surface of the earth, to uncover the mysterie

5、s.2. 1) as an official, it would be irresponsible to ignore the situation.2) barons will that whoever bought the portrait of his son could get all his possessions showed his invaluable love for his son.3) some of the building technologies that you get are impractical.4) what you have done is illegal

6、-against the law.3. we provide training for non-professional actors and cooks.4. anyone who is choosing bottled water for health reasons in misguided.5. everyone is dissatisfied what he has done. thats to say, hamilton is expected to discontinue the practice of gift giving by collecting money.6. 1)

7、i was speechless when my course grade arrived a-plus.2) out of curiosity, broad spent hours at the local archives（档案馆）in a fruitless search for information.q：总结表否定的词缀（二）group 21. 1) when having dinner at the restaurant, make sure they dont over charge you for you drinks.2) students in classrooms wit

8、h unblocked view of at 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary than those whose classrooms overlooked roads and parking lots.over- 过度，在。上2. for the first two years in new york i was really lost-having to study in three schools as a result of fancily moves and the fact tha

9、t mother remarried.re-重复，再次3. 1) we live in a multicultural society, where we should do what we can to broaden our horizons.2) a multipurpose toolmulti-多4. you will sometimes see birds settling in trees or gathering together on a wire close to a building. prestorm low pressure makes the air so thin

10、that birds have difficulty flying.pre-前5. do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-sex school?co-共同6. there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging. one might be poor, but that is no reason for losing ones sense of pride and self-dependence.self-自己7. when you swim u

11、nderwater, you can feel water pushing on your body.under-下8. the article is subtitled “new language for new times”.sub-次，副9. tales of the supernatural are common in all parts of brtain.super-超级10. in our interconnected world, the lack of agreement in and out of the world of science can lead to the f

12、ailure to control the use of science.inter-相互11. nigel decided to befriend iris who is rebuilding her robot.be-使12. praising attributes（品质）or abilities makes a false promise that success will come to you because you have the quality and it devalues effort.de-使。低，降13. nobody can foretell the futurefo

13、re-预先14. he is a post-graduate, studying in oxford university.post-后15. 1) tannis long-lasting success has been part motivation, part preparation. the training that enables her to be a good sprinter（短跑运动员）enables her to be good at marathon.2) library hours have been shortened to 7 hours a day (9:00

14、am 4: 00 pm)en-/-en:动词化16. he was killed by electricshock.electric-电17. look at the stars through a telescope.tele-远18. microscope microwavemicro-微小19. he has a transplanted heart.20. ecosystem eco-生态21. biochemistry, biodiversity bio-生物22. vice-president / chairmanvice-副23. the machine can autocont

15、rol, which neednt humans operation.auto-自动24. this is antifreeze, which can prevent water freezing.anti-抗25. its a waterproof watch. it wont be damaged by water. -proof 防26. minibus, miniskirt, mini-小27. midday, midnight mid-中28. a- await, a like, a wake29. kilo- ; kilowatt（三）group 31. the other son

16、, sam, who is always a follower when around other children, shines as a leader during our time together. interviewer / interviewee employer / employee trainer / trainee2. the pilot spent some time as a flying instructor in england and then returned to the front.3. hostess, actress, waitress4. engine

17、er, volunteer5. pekingese, portuguese6. politician, historian, musician7. specialist, physicist, cyclist总结表人的词缀（四）group 4 1. retirement, requirement2. awareness, calmness3. 1) science can be a force for will as well as for good. its application can be channeled either way, depending our decision.2)

18、the museum is open to the public. admission is free.3) action 4. leadership, citizenship5. warmth, growth6. wisdom,freedom7. neighborhood8. socialism, optimism, nationalism9. one of the few, things you can say about english people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.10. accuracy

19、, privacy11. resistance, appearance, reference, independence12. approval, arrival, survival13. exposure, departure, signature14. economics, electronics15. shortage, storage16. arms, customs17. belongings, surroundings总结名词词缀（五）group 51. acceptable, horrible2. professional, rental3. handful, fearful4.

20、 selfish,childish5. protective,active6. a leafy tree,muddy,smelly,dusty7. a timely, gift, in her motherly voice, likely,weekly8. mountainous9. quarrelsome, tiresome10. golden,woolen,wooden11. western12. american,italian,european13. legendary,secondary14. limited,talented,furnished,astonishing,amazin

21、g,amusing15. resistant,pleasant总结形容词词缀（六）group 61. simplify,purify,classify2. popularize a method specialize in law3. enrich, sharpen总结动词词缀（七）group 71. shortly partly2. outwards, upwards, downwards总结副词词缀（八）group 81. teen2. ty3. th总结数词词缀consolidation 1. eventually, in special sections of the site, no

22、n scientists with specialized knowledge will come to help. bird-watchers, for example, will be able to input what birds theyve seen.2. today, celebrities（名人）face even more severe embarrassment. the pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. each m

23、isstep threaten to reduce a celebritys shelf life.part two;1.(08山东)young adult filmmakers all hope to show their works in international festivals like sundance and toronto. but what about really young filmmakers who arent in film school yet and arent, strictly speaking, even adults?they are at the h

24、eart of wingspan arts kids films festival, tomorrow, in a setting any director might envy: lincoln center. complete with “red carpet” interviews and various awards, the festival has much in common with events for more experienced moviemakers, except for the age of the participants: about 8 to 18.“wh

25、ats really exciting is that its film for kids by kids,” said cori gardner, managing director of wingspan arts, a nonprofit organization offering youth arts programs in the new york area. this year the festival will include films not only from wingspan but also from other city organizations and one f

26、rom a middle school in arlington, virginia. “we want to make this a national event,” ms. gardner added.the nine shorts to be shown range from a claymation biography of b.b. king to a science fiction adventure set in the year 3005. “a lot of the material is really mature,” ms. gardner said, talking a

27、bout films by the new york city branch of global action project, a media arts and leadership-training group. “the choice is about the history of a family and master anti-smoker is about the dangers of secondhand smoke.” dream of the invisibles describes young immigrants feelings of both belonging an

28、d not belonging in their adopted country.the festival will end with an open reception at which other films will be shown. these include a music video and full-length film whose title is pressures.58. the underlined word “shorts” in paragraph 4 refers to _.a. short trousers b. short kids c. short fil

29、ms d. short stories2. （05江西）hewishestheholidayseasonwouldendalready.hisbackaches,hisredsuitfeelslikeaspacesuit,hischeekshavegonetightfromsmilingfor12hoursandstillthekidskeepcomingandcoming,likeantsatapicnic.aschristmasbecomesmorecommercializedacrosstheu.s.andcanada,somustsantas.astheholidaybeginsear

30、liereachyear,somustitsspokesmen. 56spokesmenrefersto_. abusinessmen bpoliticalleaders corganizersoftheactivities dsantaclauses 方法一;语篇猜词 d d1. （09湖北） my grandfather came from hungary and was the only one in his family who settled down in the united states. the rest of his family remained in europe. w

31、hen world war i broke out, he seemed to have become another man, downhearted. such obvious change was not born out of his welfare, but out of fear: if his only son, my uncle, had to go to war, it would be cousin fighting against cousin. one day in 1918, my uncle milton received his draft notice. my

32、grandparents were very upset. but my mother, at the age of 10, felt on top of the world about her soldier brother going off to war. realizing how he was regarded by his little sister and all of her friends, my uncle bought them all service pins, which meant that they had a loved one in the service.

33、all the little girls were delighted. 53. what did the “service pins”（in para. 2）stand for in the dyes of the little girls? a. strength. b. courage. c. victory. d. honor.2（08重庆）beingabletomultitaskdoingseveralthingsatthe sametimeisconsideredawelcomeskillbymostpeople.butifweconsiderthesituationoftheyo

34、ungpeopleagedfromeighttoeighteenweshouldthinkagain. whatweoftenseenowadaysisthatyoungpeoplejuggleaneverlargernumberofelectronicdevice(电子产品)astheystudy.whileworking,theyalsosurfontheinternet,sendoutemails,answerthetelephoneandlistentomusicontheiripods.inasense,theyarespendingasignificantamountoftimei

35、nfruitlesseffortsasthey multitask. 64.whatdoestheunderlinedword“juggle”mean? a.wanttobuy b.taketheplaceof. c.useatthesametimed.seekforinformationfrom.方法二：定义猜词dc（09广东） we once had a poster competition in our fifth grade art class. “you could win prizes，”our teacher told us as she wrote the poster inf

36、ormation on the blackboard. she passed out sheets of construction paper while continuing，“the first prize is ten dollars. you just have to make sure that the words on the blackboard appear somewhere on your poster. ”we studied the board critically. some of us looked with one eye and held up certain

37、colors against the blackboard，rocking the sheets to the right or left while we conjured up our designs. others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their erasers while deep in thought. 47. the underlined phrase most probably means _. a. formed an idea for b. made an outline forc. made s

38、ome space for d. chose some colors for方法三;场景描写猜词a1（06江西） the storm gave us very little warningblack clouds loomed over the distant horizon(地平线) so suddenly that we were taken by surpriseeven then，we were not really worried，as the clouds seemed to be moving over our house and towards the distant moun

39、tainsthen，just as the clouds had moved inland，the wind suddenly swung around in afull circle and we were facing a major storm instantly，we were busily preparing for the worst the whole family had experienced such a storm before and everyone remembered the damage it had caused to stock and cropsthere

40、 was very little we could do about the corps. but we needed to protect the animals in case the river flooded againmy older brother called his sheep-dog and began driving our small flock of sheep to higher ground above riverif the river flooded，they should be safe there 58the underlined word stock re

41、fers to _ a .money owned by the family bgoods for sale csupplies for family use dfarm animals 2（03全国） in1963aschoolboycalledandrewwilesreadinginhisschoollibrarycameacrosstheworldsgreatestmathproblem:fermatslasttheorem.firstputforwardbythefrenchmathematicianpierredefermatintheseventeenthcentury,theth

42、eoryhadbaffledandbeatenthefinesmathematicalminds,includingafrenchwomanscientistwhomadeamajoradvanceinworkingouttheproblem,andwhohadtodresslikeamaninordertobeabletostudyattheecolepolytechnique.throughunbelievabledeterminationandrewwilesfinallyworkedouttheproblemin1995.65whichofthefollowingbestexplain

43、sthemeaningoftheword“baffle”asitisusedinthetext? atoencouragepeople-toraisequestions. b.tocausedifficultyinunderstanding. ctoprovideapersonwithanexplanation. dtolimitpeoplesimagination.3，（07安徽）the above are the main reasons for this problem, and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more

44、 active, as well as steering them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.58.thewordsteeringunderlinedmostprobablymeans_. a. forcing b.guidingc.driving d.moving方法四：近义词猜词 d b b1（06江西） buster brown was a thief-and a good one，too，he thoughthed never been caught by the police because he never to

45、ok chances confidently，he stood outside the house of his intended victim(受害者)and read the sign on the front gate of the house“dont worry about the dogbe aware of theowner!”it saidbuster smiled and found his way in the house looked quite normal outside，but inside it was very exotic with fascinating o

46、bjects on display61. which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word exotic? a.messy.and.untidy. b. rich and expensive. c.comfortable.and.calming.d.foreign and unusual. 2.（09四川）honesty comes in many forms. first theres self-honesty. is what people see the real article or do you appear thr

47、ough smoke and mirrors? i find that if i try to be something im not. i feel unsure of myself and take out a part from my pba（personal bank account）. i love how singer judy garland put it. “always be a first-class version（版本）of yourself, instead of a second-class version of somebody else. ” 49. the u

48、nderlined part means “_ ” a. to be honest b. to be unreal c. to become clear d. to come from an imagined world方法四：反义词猜词 d b1. (01全国)shanghai:carrentalsarebecomingmoreandmorepopularasaninexpensivewayoftakingtoroads.businesspeople,foreignandfamiliesalikearemakinggooduseofthegrowingindustry. thefirstca

49、rrentalfirmopenedinshanghaiin1992and12carrentalplayersareinthegame,withmorethan11,500carsintheirbooks. thelargestplayer-shanghabashitourismcarrentalcenteroffersawidevarietyofchoices-deluxesedans,minivans,stationwagons,coaches.santanasedansarethebigfavorite. 56.theunderlined wordsreferto_. a.carsinth

50、emakingb.carrentalfirmsc.carsforrentd.carmakers2. （08广东） musicwasnottheonlygulf.fromclothingandhairstylestoactivitiesandexpectations,earliergenerationsofparentandchildrenoftenappearedto moveinseparateorbits. 41.theunderlinedwordgulfmostprobablymeans_.a.interest b.distance c.differentd.separation方法五：

51、例证猜词cc1（05江西） the tea gardens in sri lanka are actually large estates(种植园). the best tea usually comes from plants grown on high grounds, the cool hilltops with rows and rows of tea plants. the plants are about one metre apart. the plant is often pruned so that it remains only 60 to 90 centimetres h

52、igh. pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots, or young leaves. it is from these shoots that the best tea is got.68 the word “pruning” means_ .aregular cutting of the plants bfrequent watering cregular use of chemicals dgrowing the plants high in the mountain2（07重庆）the

53、african elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth , is of great importance to african ecosystem(生态系统). unlike other animals, the african elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment. as a big plant-eater, it largely shapes the forest-and-savanna(大草原)surroundings in which i

54、t lives, therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat(栖息地).68. what does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” most probably mean?a. fixing the time. b. worsening the state.c. improving the quality. d. deciding the conditions.方法六：因果关系猜词 a d 1（08

55、全国）more than 10 years ago, it was difficult to buy a tasty pineapple (菠萝). the fruits that made it to the uk were green on the outside and, more often than not, hard with an unpleasant taste within. then in 1966, the del monte gold pineapple produced in hawaii first hit our shelves.the new type of pineapple looked more yellowy-gold than green. it was slightly softer on the outside and had a lot of juice inside. but the most important thing about this new type of pineapple was tha