2017届高考英语第一轮总复习习题19

1、第一部分 选修八 Module 1-2I .阅读理解|导学号 02281025（2015内蒙古包头一中三模）Electric cars are dirty. In fact, not only are they dirty, they might eve n be more dirty tha n their gasoli nepowered cous ins.People in California love to talk about a zero-emissions （排放） vehicles”，but people in Califor nia seem to be clueless

2、about whereelectricity comes from. Power plants mostly use fire to make it. Aside from the few folks who have their roofs covered with solar ceils, we get our electricity from generators （发电机 ）.Generators are fueled by somethi ng usually coal, oil, and also by heat gen erated in nu clear power plant

3、s. There are a few wind farms and geothermal （地热的）plants as well, but by far we get electricity mainly by burning something.In other words, those“zero-emissioncars are likelycoal-bur ning cars. Its just because the coal is bur ned somewhere else, so it looks clean. It is not. Its as if the Californi

4、a greens are covering their eyes“ If I cant see it, its not happening. Gasoline is an unbelievably efficient way to power a vehicle; a gallon of gas has a lot of energy in it. But when you take that gas or another fuel and first use it to make electricity, you waste a nice part of that energy, mostl

5、y in the form of wasted hea at the gen erator, through the tran smissi on lin es, etc.A gall on of gas may propel your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallo n of gas wont get you n early as far so electric cars burn more fuel than gas-powered ones. If our electricity came mostly

6、from geothermal, or hydro, or solar, or wind, then an electric car truly would be clean. But for political, technical, and economic reasons, we dont use much of those en ergy sources.In addition, electric cars batteries which are poisonous for a long time will eventually end up in a landfill （ 垃圾 ）

7、and finally, when cars are the polluters, the pollution is spread across all the roads. When its a power plant, though, all the junk is in one place. Nature is very good at cleaning up when things are not too concentrated, but it takes a lot longer when all the garbage is in one spot.语篇解读： 本文是一篇议论文。

8、文章阐述了电能汽车并不环保。1 What is the main idea of the passage?A Electric cars are not clean at all.B Electric cars are better than gasolinep-owered ones.C People have doubts about electric cars batteries.D Gasoline is an effective way to power a vehicle.答案： A 主旨大意题。第一段指明了本文主旨“电能汽车并不 清洁”，随后的几段都是通过各种证据来证明这一论点的

9、。故选 A 项。2The underlined wordsbe cluelessme”anAknow nothingBhave confidenceC feel excitedD be pleased答案： A 词义猜测题。句意为：加利福尼亚州的人们喜欢谈论零排放车辆”，但是他们好像并不清楚电能的来源。故选 A 项。3 The electricity we get from a gallon of gas may make our car runBas far as 50 milesA not less than 25 milesC as far as 25 milesD not more t

10、han 25 miles答案： D 推理判断题。根据第四段第一、二句 “Agallon of gas may propel your car 25 miles. But the electricity you get from that gallon of gas wont get you nearly as far.可知，同样用一加仑的汽油，电能 汽车所行驶的路程比不上燃油汽车行驶的路程远，即不超过25英里。 故选D项。4. According to the passage, electric cars.A . are more environmentally friendlyB . bur

11、n more fuel than gaspowered onesC. are very good at cleaning upD. are poisonous for a long time答案：B 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的“.so electric cars burn more fuel than gaspowered ones”可知，电能汽车比燃油汽车消 耗更多的能源。故选B项。II .七选五|导学号 02281026根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选 项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2015太原市高三二模）iPads vs. TextbooksWhat if y

12、ou could have your whole backpack at the touch of your fingertips? In the first month of the Apple iPads release, 25million were sold! People all over the world use iPads for all sorts of differe nt thi ngs, but one of their finest qualities is the ability to be a textbook. _1_To begi n with, iPad a

13、re less expe nsive. Textbooks become outdated and schools have to buy new books, but with an iPad schools can update them for free. _2 Schools dont have to spe nd $500 every year for iPads because they last a while and can be updated._3_ Students usually have multiple classes, which results in multi

14、ple textbooks. Heavy backpacks filled with books can cause back problem. A solution to that is an iPad, which only weighs 1.33 pounds and can hold all of a stude nts textbooks.Third, schools should get rid of their textbooks and get iPads because they have more capabilities. Some might thi nk all of

15、 the apps are distracting, but the apps actually make iPads more efficient. _4_ Textbooks cannot do those tasks, but iPads can easily do them with just a tap of the fin gertip.Lastly, iPads are a better choice for schools in stead of textbooks becausethese devices allow students to accesstheir learn

16、ing any where at any time. _5_ With iPads, they find it easier to get their homework done.In conclusion, schools should get rid of their clumsy textbooks and switch to iPads. iPads have allowed this gen erati on to have their en tire backpack in the palm of their han ds.A . These tablets are perfect

17、 for busy students.B . Second, iPads cost less and are more popular.C. Therefore, they can use the saved money for other programs.D. iPads have already replaced textbooks in over 600 American coun ties.E. Moreover, in high school, textbooks have an average of 4.8 pounds each.F. Schools have every re

18、as on to do away with their school books and switch to iPads.G. iPads absorb the need to buy calculators, dictionaries, and other items that are found within the device.语篇解读：本文主要以电子产品ipad为话题，对比传统教科书， 说明了学校应该用ipad替代textbooks的原因。1. F本段为主题段，总结下文的五段可知此句是本文的主题句; do away with their school books 表示抛弃传统教科书；

19、 switch to ipads 表示要用iPad，可知答案选F。2. C 根据前句说iPad的优点是可以免费更新；此句承接上句， 选项C中用saved money可知答案选 C。3. E此题容易错选成B;但是，根据本段的主题是说iPad的重 量轻，便于携带。故答案选 E。4. G 根据前句的关键词apps,可以替换选项中的calculators , dictionaries, and other items 可知答案选 G。5. A 根据前后句逻辑关系，可知前后句表示并列；是说让学 习变得更容易。由此可知答案选 A。皿完形填空|导学号 02281027My daughter is a sin

20、 gle pare nt. She works hard to _1_ for herself and her three young sons. She budgets carefully and _ 2_ to plan for the little luxuries （奢侈品）and treats that others take for granted. When her eldest son, David, wan ted a _3_ so that he could do an after-school newspaper delivery job, she _4_ and soo

21、n, he was the proud - 5_ of a good sec on dha nd bike.One after noon, my daughter asked David to go to a local shop. He rode his bicycle, _6_ foolishly left it outside the shop without _7_ it up. When David came out of the shop, it was _8. He walked home in _9_ and then, together with his frustrated

22、 mother, went to the local police stati on to report the _10_.Imagi ne their _11_ whe n they arrived at the stati on: a car parked out front had Davids bike wedged （挤进）in its boot （汽车后部的行李 箱）.The _12 told them how hed see n a group of kids _3_ the bike once my grandson had gone in side the shop.The

23、driver-in his late tee ns himselfhad called out to them to “ leavethat bike 14!Despite this, one member of the group _15_ on the bicycle and rode it away while the others followed. Not to be _16 , the tee n got in his car, drove after them and _17_ that they give the stole n bike back.He was happy t

24、o be able to _18_ it to my grandson together with a lecture (echoed by the policema n and his mother) about the silli ness of 19 to use the bike lock. _20_, in all the exciteme nt, he slipped away, without eve n giving them his n ame or teleph one nu mber.1. A.standB. provideC. changeD. watch答案：B根据首

25、句提到的作者女儿是个单亲母亲可推知她必须 抚养自己和她的三个孩子，故选B，provide for “抚养”；standfor “代表”；watch for “守候，注意”。2. A.permitsB. refusesC. man agesD. decides答案：C根据空前面的“Shdoudgets carefully以及下文她为孩 子买自行车的事可知她认真预算，设法买一些其他人想当然就能得到 的小奢侈品。manage to do sth “设法做某事”；permit to do sth “允许 做某事”；refuse to do sth “拒绝做某事”。3. A.bicycleB. watc

26、hC. phoneD. backpack答案： A 由下文“ he was the proud _5_ of a good secondiand bike.”可知她儿子想要得到一辆自行车。4. A.gave outB. set asideC. saved upD. worked up答案：C 根据上下文可知这里表示她积攒了钱给孩子买自行车，故选C。set aside表示“留出，留作之用”，表示“留出钱备用”必须说 set money aside5. A.driverB. workerC. sellerD. owner答案：D 这里对应上文的 “ When her eldest son, Dav

27、id, wan ted a3 ”，David从期盼拥有自行车到真正拥有自行车，故答案为D。owner “所有者”。6. A.andB. butC. soD. when答案：B他骑自行车前往商店，但是忘了锁车，前后句之间是 转折关系，故选B。7. A.lockingB. pickingC. coveringD. hiding答案：A 从下文 “He walked home in 9”和 “a lecture . aboutthe silliness of _19_ to use the bike lock 可知他忘了给自行车上锁， 导致自行车被盗。8. A.leftB. missedC . br

28、oke nD . gone答案：D 从下文 “He walked home in 9”和 “a lecture . aboutthe silliness of _19_ to use the bike lock 可知他忘了给自行车上锁， 导致自行车被盗。9 . A.surpriseB . troubleC . tearsD . peace答案：C 上文提到他好不容易得到这辆自行车，却不小心弄丢 了，所以他回家当然心情沮丧，只有C项符合语境。in tears “流泪”；in trouble “处于困境中”；in peace “平静地”。10. A.dangerB. theftC. acciden

29、tD. fight答案：B 由上文以及下文的 “theteen got in his car, drove after them and 17 that they give the stolen bike back 可知他们母子俩是 去警察局报告这次自行车被盗事件，故选B，theft “盗窃案”。11. A.joyB. regretC. an gerD. disappo in tme nt答案：A 由下文 “a car parked out front had Davids bike wedged in its boot可知当他们看到自己丢失的自行车就停在警察局前，自然非 常高兴，故选A。12

30、. A.policemanB. managerC. teacherD . driver答案：D 一辆小车停靠在警察局前，后备箱里还装着David的自行车，上前解释怎么回事的当然是该小车的司机了，故选D。13 . A.rideB . fixC . stealD . knock答案：C 由 “ 17 that they give the stolen bike back 可知作者 外孙进入商店后，有一群孩子在偷盗他的自行车。14 . A.outB . offC . awayD . alone答案：D leave sth alo ne表示“把独自留在那儿”。这位司机看到有人偷自行车，所以大喊，“别动

31、那自行车”，D符合语境。15 . A.jumpedB . touchedC . walkedD . moved答案：A 由下文的“rode it away可知有一个人跳上(jump) 了自 行车，把它骑走了。16. A.annoyedB. angryC. con fusedD. discouraged答案：D由下文可知，眼看着自行车被人偷走了，虽然前面干 涉无效，这位司机也不泄气，开车继续追，故选D。17. A.advisedB. demandedC. forcedD. promised答案：B这名司机开车去追偷自行车的人，并 们把自行车退回来。advise “建议”；dema nd “命令”

32、；force “强迫”； promise “允诺，答应”。根据语境可知 B为最佳选项。force后通常 不接that从句，常见搭配为force sb to do sth。18. A.d on ateB. expla inC. returnD. pass答案：C 根据上下文可知这名司机很高兴能物归原主，故选C。19. Aear ningB. teachi ngC. remindingD. failing答案：D 上文提到作者的外孙忘记锁自行车才导致自行车被盗，所以这里指没有给自行车上锁，fail在此表示“忘记，疏忽”。20. A.BesidesB. ThenC. FinallyD. Therefore答案：B 根据此空前后两句的逻辑关系，可知这里表示时间上 的顺承关系，司机说完他觉得该说的，就溜走了，故选B。IV .语法填空|导学号 02281028阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单 词的正确形式。(2015山东淄博一模)A Than ksgi ving Day story in the n ewspaper told of a school teacher who asked her class of first graders to draw a picture of somethi ng they were thank