准国际高中学生暑假必背数理化生学科英文词汇表

1、.【终极完整版】准国际高中学生暑假必背数理化生学科英文词汇表2015-07-06国际高中绝大多数公立高中国际班和私立国际高中从高一开始会采取全英文授课的形式来教授数学、物理、化学和生物这些理科课程。不少同学虽然理科功底很好，但刚上国际高中时还是显得非常不适应，纷纷反映听不懂课，导致学校成绩不理想，最终影响了国外大学的申请。其实，国际高中高一阶段的理科知识难度并不高，很多都是初中知识点，只不过是拿英文重讲了一遍，因此只要准备上国际高中的同学们在暑假多下功夫，提前背诵并熟练掌握英文理科词汇，就完全不用担心听不懂课的问题了！为帮助同学们扫清未来学习上的障碍，在国际高中的学习中抢占先机，拔得头筹，小编

2、特为大家汇总了数理化生四个学科的必背词汇表，共计680个，供同学们参考使用数学（107个）：词汇释义assume that假设approximation近似，近似值absolute value绝对值acute锐（角）adjacent angle邻角alternate angles内错角angle角area面积arithmetic sequence等差数列assumption假设asymptote渐近线at random随机地average平均的axis轴base底面，底数be inscribed in内接于binomial二项式circle圆circumference周长clockwise顺时

3、针的common difference(等差数列的)公差common divisor公约数common ratio(等比数列的)公比common multiple公倍数composite number合数cone圆锥congruent全等的constant不变的；常数coordinate坐标cube立方体cube root立方根cylinder圆柱体decimal小数diagonal对角线digit数字，位divide除divisible可整除的domain定义域eccentricity离心率elipse椭圆equilateral等边的even偶的expotent指数fraction分数fun

4、ction函数geometric sequence等比数列hyperbola双曲线inequality不等式infinite无穷的integer整数intercept截距interior angle内角intersect相交irrational number无理数isosceles等腰的major axis长轴mean平均数median中数minor axis短轴minus减mode众数multiply乘negative负的number line数轴obtuse钝（角）odd奇的origin of coordinates原点parallel平行的parallelogram平行四边形perime

5、ter周长perpendicular垂直的plus加polynomial多项式positive正的prime number质数probability概率product积proportion比例quadruple四倍的quotient商radian弧度radius半径range值域rational number有理数reciprocal倒数rectangle矩形right直(角）scalene不等边的，不等边三角形section截面sector扇形segment线段similar相似的slope斜率sphere球体square正方形square root平方根standard deviation

6、标准差sum和tangent相切term项translate移动trapezoid梯形triangle三角形triple三倍value值vector矢量vertex顶点物理（127个）词汇释义acceleration加速度anion阴离子ammeter安培表amplitude振幅band条,带bar条,带bombard轰击cation阳离子capacitor电容centripetal force向心力circuit电路coherent相干的coil线圈collision碰撞comet彗星convection对流converging lens凸透镜coulomb库仑critical angle临

7、界角decay衰变deflecte偏转density密度diffraction衍射dilation伸长diminish减小discrete离散的，不连续的diverge分开，分岔diverging lens凹透镜elastic弹性的electric generator发电机electric motor电动机electromotive force(e.m.f.)电动势elctron capture电子捕获emission散发，发射entropy熵estimate估计excited state激发态exert施加expansion膨胀fiber optic光导纤维focal length焦距spr

8、ing(or force) constant(弹簧的)倔强系数frequency频率frictionless光滑无摩擦的gravity重力ground state基态half-life半衰期halve减半的horizontal水平的hydraulic jack液压千斤顶impinge撞击incident ray入射光index of refraction折射率induction current感应电流inertia惯性initial初始的interference干涉internal内部的isotope同位素kinetic energy动能latent heat潜热lever杠杆longitud

9、inal wave纵波magnetic磁的magnetic flux磁通量magnify扩大magnitude大小mass质量matter wave物质波moment力矩momentum动量negligible可忽略的neutron中子nuclear fission核裂变nuclear fusion核聚变optic光学的oscillate振动，摇摆parabola抛物线parallel并联particle粒子pendulum钟摆permanent永久的photon光子pitch音高polarization偏振positron正电子potential energy势能power功率propaga

10、tion传播proton质子pulley滑轮radioactive放射性refracte折射relativity相对性resistor电阻rest静止revolution一周rigid刚性的scalar标量semiconductor半导体series串联sign（电量等的）符号simple harmonic motion简谐运动simultaneously同时地slit狭缝solenoid螺线管spectrum光谱，波谱speed速率sphere球体spring弹簧standing wave驻波superconductor超导体superimpose叠加tesla特斯拉(磁强单位)therma

11、l热量的thermodynamics热力学torque转矩，扭矩total reflection全反射transition跃迁transverse wave横波uniform均匀的velocity速度virtual image虚像voltage电压voltmeter电压表wavelength波长wave-particle duality波粒二象性化学（156个）：词汇释义acid酸activated complex活化络合物activation energy活化能aggregate聚合alkali metals碱金属alkaline earth metals碱土金属alkane烷烃alkene

12、烯烃alkyne炔烃allotropy同素异形体alloy合金aluminum铝ammonia氨amorphous非晶体amphoteric两性的anode阳极anomalous不规则的aqueous水溶液argon氩Avogadros law阿佛加德罗定律barium钡bauxite铝土矿bleaching漂白bond键boron硼brass黄铜bromine湨buret滴定管calcium钙calory卡路里carbohydrate碳水化合物carbon dioxide二氧化碳carbon monoxide一氧化碳carbonate碳酸盐carboxylic acid羧酸catalyst催

13、化剂cathode reaction阴极反应cellulose纤维素chlorine氯chromium铬coefficient系数combination reaction化合反应combustion燃烧composition组成compound化合物concentrated浓的concentration浓度condensation冷凝covalent bond共价键cracking裂解crude oil原油crystal晶体deoxyribose脱氧核糖diatomic molecule双原子分子diffusion扩散dilute稀的displacement reaction置换反应disti

14、llation蒸馏double bonds双键dynamic equilibrium动态平衡electrolysis电解elcetrolyte电解质electronic configuration电子排布element元素empirical formula经验式endothermic吸热的enthalpy焓erosion腐蚀ethanoic acid乙酸ethanol乙醇ethene乙烯evaporation蒸发exothermic放热的extraction提炼filtering过滤flame test焰色反应fluorine氟fractional distillation分馏freezing

15、 point凝固点glucose葡萄糖glycogen糖原graphite石墨greenhouse effect温室效应Haber process哈伯法(制氨)halogen卤素helium氦homologous series同系物hydrocarbon烃hydrogen氢hydrogen chloride氯化氢hydrogen peroxide过氧化氢hydronium ion水合氢离子hydroxide氢氧根indicator指示剂iodine碘isomerism同素异形体le Chateliers principle勒沙特列原理lead铅limestone石灰石linear直线的lipi

16、d脂质，类脂lithium锂litmus石蕊magnesium镁metalloid类金属methane甲烷methanoic acid甲酸methanol甲醇monomer单体neon氖neutralization中和nickel镍nitrate硝酸盐nitric acid硝酸nitrogen氮noble gases稀有气体oxide氧化物oxidation agent氧化剂ozone臭氧periodic table元素周期表permanganate高锰酸petroleum石油phenolphthalein酚酞phosphorus磷planar平面的platinum铂polar极性的polym

17、er聚合物potassium钾precipitation沉淀propane丙烷propanoic acid丙酸propanol丙醇propene丙烯pure substance纯净物reactive活泼的redox氧化还原reducing agent还原剂reversible reaction可逆反应shared paris of electrons共用电子对silicon硅sodium钠solvent溶剂starch淀粉sublime升华sulphate硫酸盐sulphur硫sulphuric acid硫酸suspension悬浮液tetrahedral四面体titration滴定torr托

18、耳(压强单位)triple bonds三键van der Waals force范德华力volatile易挥发的zinc锌生物（289个）词汇释义accumulation积累adenine腺嘌呤adequate充分的aeration通气aerobic respiration有氧呼吸alga (algae)藻类allele等位基因amino acid氨基酸Amphibia两栖纲anaerobic厌氧的angiosperm被子植物Annelida环节动物门apical meristem顶端分生组织appendage附属物,附肢aquatic水生的arctic tundra北极苔原arithmeti

19、cal算术的Arthropoda节足动物artificial人工的assortment(染色体)分配atmospheric大气的autosomal常染色体的autotroph自养生物baldness谢顶,秃头bass鲈鱼bile胆汁biome生物群落blastula囊胚boreal taiga寒带针叶林brine海水cambrium形成层carbon dioxide二氧化碳catalyze催化centipede蜈蚣centrifuge离心cerebellum小脑cerebral cortex大脑皮层chamber室,腔characteristic特征chicken pox水痘chitin几丁质

20、chloroghyll叶绿素chloroplast叶绿体Choradata脊索动物门chromatid染色单体chromosome染色体churn搅拌circulatory system循环系统class纲codominant共显性Coelenterata腔肠动物门community群落conditioning条件反射conjugation接合consumer消费者crayfish螯虾cross杂交cultivate种植cytochrome C细胞色素Ccytosine胞嘧啶decomposer分解者dehydration脱水detoxify解(毒),清除dicot双子叶植物digestive

21、 tract消化道disjunction分离diversity多样性dominant显性的;显性性状dorsal背部的earthworm蚯蚓ectoderm外胚层embryo胚胎endoderm内胚层endoplasmic reticulum (ER)内质网enzyme酶epidermis表皮equilibrium平衡erosion腐蚀eutrophication营养性生长过度,富营养化evaporate蒸发excessive过度的excrement粪便excretion排泄物excretory排泄的exhaustion极度疲劳exponential指数的extinction灭绝facilit

22、ate促进,推动family(分类学里的)科fermentation发酵fern蕨类植物fertile能生育的fertilize受精,施肥flavin核黄素fluctuate变化,波动fungus (fungi)真菌fusion融合,聚变galactose半乳糖gamete配子gastrula原肠胚genetic drift遗传漂移genetics遗传学genotype基因型genus(分类学里的)属geologic地质的glucose葡萄糖glycogen糖原glycolysis糖酵解grasshopper蝗虫growth ring年轮guanine鸟嘌呤gymnosperm裸子植物habi

23、tuation习惯化haploid单倍体hawk鹰,隼hay干草(饲料)hemoglobin血红蛋白heron鹭heterotroph异养生物heterozygous杂合的homeostasis体内平衡hoof蹄hormone激素hydrogen bond氢键hydrolysis水解imprinting印记inbreeding近亲繁殖incorporate包含,合并inheritance遗传insight顿悟insulin胰岛素intake吸入interbreed杂交intestine肠ionization电离kidney肾kindom界lactase乳糖酵素lactic acid乳酸lact

24、os乳糖layer层legume豆科植物lethal致死的likely可能的liver肝lizard蜥蜴lobster龙虾locomotion移动,运动lysosome溶酶体mammal哺乳动物mammalian哺乳动物的maple枫树measles麻疹mechanically机械地medulla oblongata延髓meiosis减数分裂mesoderm中胚层mesophyll叶肉metabolic新陈代谢的methane甲烷，沼气migrate迁移,移居mineral矿物质mitochondrion(mitochondria)线粒体mitosis有丝分裂Mollusca软体动物门mone

25、ra原核生物界monocot单子叶植物monosaccharide单糖moss苔藓moth蛾multiple多种的mutation突变mutualistic共生的nerve神经nervous神经的,紧张的neurotransmitter神经递质niche地方,位置nitrogen氮nitrogen fixation固氮作用nitrogenous base含氮碱基(嘌呤,嘧啶等)nuclear membrane核膜nucleotide核苷酸nucleus (nuclei)细胞核nutrient营养物,营养的oak橡树octopus章鱼offspring后代olfactory bulb嗅球omin

26、ivore杂食动物order(分类学里的)目organell细胞器oscillate摆动，波动ovum (ova)卵子oxidize氧化oxygen氧ozone臭氧paramecium草履虫parasite寄生物parthenogenesis单性生殖pasture牧场pepsin胃蛋白酶pepsinogen胃蛋白酶原peptide bond肽键peristalsis蠕动phagocytosis呑噬pheromone外激素,信息素phloem韧皮部phosphorus磷phosphorylation磷酸化photosynthesis光合作用phylum(分类学里的)门pine松树pituitary gland脑下垂体plasma membrane细胞膜Platyhelminthes扁形动物门pollinate授粉polypeptide多肽pond池塘population群体predation捕食predominantly大多,主要地predominate主要的pr