课标版云南省2018年中考英语总复习第二部分语法专题突破专题八动词及动词短语课件.pptx

第二部分语法专题突破,专题八动词及动词短语,动词词义辨析是云南中考的必考点，且多在完形填空中考查，每年14道，包括实义动词词义辨析（9次）和近义词辨析（1次）。,云南中考对实义动词的考查主要集中在单项填空和完形填空两种题型，考查特点主要为语境辨析。,考法精讲,命题点1动词词义辨析,考向一,实义动词词义辨析（5年9考）,（必考1-4道）,解答语境辨析类试题时，首先要确定四个动词的含义，然后分析语境，找出关键词或前后的逻辑关系，确定正确答案。因此考生在平时的学习过程中，需要重点积累并掌握实义动词的用法。,如：I_theschoolbusthismorning.Luckily,Tomsfathergavemearide.A.tookB.caughtC.sawD.missed方法点拨第1步：四个选项的含义分别是：带走，乘（交通工具）；抓住；看见；错过，想念。第2步：分析语境“我今天早上校车。幸运的是，汤姆的爸爸载了我一程。”从句中的关键词“Luckily”和“gavemearide”可知“我”今天早上应该是“没搭上（错过了）校车”，故选D。,【现学现用】1.Youmustbemorecarefuland_thesamemistakesyouveevermade.A.planB.makeC.avoidD.give2.Forourownsafety,itsimportantto_thetrafficrulesonthewaytoschool.A.followB.changeC.breakD.choose3.Myparentssaidtheywouldcometovisitme.Icouldnt_toseethemafterseveralmonthsawayfromhome.A.waitB.helpC.standD.mind,C,A,A,近义动词词义辨析（2017.26）云南中考对近义动词的辨析涉及较少，考查了四个“花费”，四个“看”。主要考查近义词的辨析及应用，此类试题要求学生掌握各近义词的不同用法、固定搭配及句型，注重细节的考查。,考向二,【现学现用】4.I_adocumentaryaboutTibet.Itisreallyinteresting.A.watchedB.sawC.readD.looked5.Iusually_abouttwohoursreadingbookseveryday,becausereadingenrichesthemind.A.payB.spendC.takeD.cost,A,B,感官动词词义辨析感官动词在云南中考中考查较少，但是感官动词的含义及用法考生也要掌握，平时可多结合常识总结感官动词后所跟的不同形容词。,考向三,【现学现用】6.Goodmorning.Idlikeabirthdaygiftformymother.Whataboutthisscarf?Itisbeautifulandit_softandsmooth.A.feelsB.looksC.seemsD.sounds7.Theair_freshaftertherain.Andtheskyisblue.A.feelsB.tastesC.smellsD.looks,A,C,动词短语是云南中考的高频考点，在单项填空和完形填空中考查短语辨析，在词组翻译中考查短语的用法和拼写。会有变形的情况，如在介词后用v.-ing、固定句型中用todo或v.-ing。这就需要学生在平时学习中多积累不同动词短语的意思和用法，也要能准确地拼写出来。动词短语的辨析类试题旨在通过题干或微型语境考查考生对上下文的理解及对动词短语的识别与记忆。,考法精讲,命题点2动词短语,1.同一动词come短语（5年1考）【短语梳理】eacross(偶然)遇见(或发现)eback回来edown下来；落下（2016.23）efrom来自ein/into进来eon快点；加油eout出版；发表；开花；发芽（2016.23）eover顺便来访etrue(希望、梦想等)实现（2016.23）eup走近；靠近（2016.23）,【现学现用】8.DoyourememberourhighschoolclassmateJane?Ofcourse.ShehasbeeninAmericafor4years.Butshe_toChinalastmonth.A.camebackB.cameintoC.cameoverD.cameout9.Ifyouhavenothingtodothisevening,_andhavedinnerwithus.A.comeoverB.comeonC.comefromD.comedown10.Hesthebestopponent（对手）Ive_thisseason,andheisagreatplayer.A.comeacrossB.cometrueC.comeinD.comeup,A,A,A,get短语（5年1考）【短语梳理】getaway离开getback回到3.getoff下车4.getover克服5.geton上车6.getready准备(2015.44)7.getto到达8.getup起床；起来（2015.44）,【现学现用】11.Inordertokeephealthy,mygrandparentsoften_earlyinthemorningeverydayandplaysports.A.getawayB.getupC.getbackD.getover12.Maybeafterthreeyears,youwill_yourdreamcollege.Soworkhardrightnow!A.getoverB.getintoC.getbackD.getup,B,B,go短语（5年1考）【短语梳理】1.goaway走开;离开(2014.46)2.goback回到3.goby（时间）流逝4.godown下降5.gooff熄灭;离开6.goon继续7.goover仔细检查8.gothrough通过9.goup上升;增长,【现学现用】13.Afterhefinishedhismathhomework,he_tofinishhissciencehomework.A.wentonB.wentthroughC.wentdownD.wentoff14.Please_!Leavemealone.Iamtootirednow.A.goawayB.gooverC.goupD.goby,A,A,give短语（5年1考）【短语梳理】1.giveaway赠送;分发（2015.50）2.giveback还给;归还;恢复(健康等)3.givebirthto生(孩子);产生4.givein投降（2015.50）5.giveout分发；发出（2015.50）6.giveup放弃（2015.50）,【现学现用】15.InthesongIBetMyLife,theUSrockbandImagineDragontellspeopleneverto_catchingtheirdreams.A.giveupB.giveoutC.giveinD.giveoff16.Manyvolunteerswenttothatcityto_cleanwaterandfoodtolocalpeopletoreducetheirpainfromtheearthquake.A.givebackB.givebirthtoC.giveawayD.givein,A,C,look短语（5年3考）【短语梳理】1.lookafter照顾;照看（2016.38，2013.38）2.lookat看;朝看（2016.38，2014.41，2013.38）3.lookaround环顾四周4.lookfor寻找;寻求（2016.38，2013.38）5.lookinto调查6.looklike看起来像（2016.38）7.lookout当心8.lookover(仔细)检查9.lookupto钦佩;仰慕;尊敬10.lookthrough浏览11.lookup（在词典、参考书等中)查阅;查找（2013.38）12.lookdownupon瞧不起13.lookoutof.往外面看14.lookforwardto盼望；期待,B,A,【现学现用】17.Helenisgoingtoworkinanoldpeopleshometohelp_theoldpeople.A.lookatB.lookafterC.lookthroughD.lookout18.Whatsthemeaningof“secretary”?Letme_thewordinthedictionary.A.lookupB.lookforC.lookoverD.looklike19.Whydoyou_Bill?Becauseheisahero.A.lookuptoB.lookforwardtoC.lookdownuponD.lookoutof,A,put短语（5年1考）【短语梳理】1.putaway把收起来；储存备用2.putdown写下;放下（2015.38）3.puton穿上;上演；增加（2015.38）4.putoff推迟;拖延（2015.38）5.putout扑灭；熄灭(火)6.putup张贴；搭建（2015.38）,【现学现用】20.They_anoticetotellthestudentsaboutthechangedmeetingtime.A.putupB.putonC.putawayD.putout21.Sir,itsnosmokingarea.Couldyouplease_yourcigaretterightnow?A.putoutB.putoffC.putawayD.putup,A,A,take短语【短语梳理】1.takeafter(在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像2.takeaction采取行动3.takeaway拿走；带走4.takecareof照顾；照料5.takecare当心;小心6.takedown取下7.takeexercise做运动8.takein吸入;吞入(体内)9.takenotes做笔记10.takeout取出11.takeoff脱下（衣服）;（飞机等）起飞12.takeplace发生13.takepartin参加14.taketurns轮流15.takeup占据(时间、空间)；开始从事；拿起,【现学现用】22.I_myfatherswetshoesandwashedhisfeet.A.tookoutB.tookoffC.tookoverD.tookup23.ImsotiredafterthelongjourneythatIwanttogotobedatonce.Youdbetter_firstandthenhavearest.A.takeawalkB.takeamessageC.takeabreakD.takeashower24.Youshould_allimportantwordsofyourteacherwhenyouareinclassandorganizeyournotebookafterclass.A.takedownB.takeafterC.takeupD.takeaway,B,D,A,25.AfterMr.Smith_thecomputercompany,healwaysgoesabroadonbusiness.A.takesupB.takesoverC.takesplaceD.takesout26.Whatahotdaytoday!Whynot_yourcoat?Icant.Icaughtacoldyesterdayandthedoctortoldmetokeepwarm.A.takeupB.takeplaceC.takeoffD.takeout,B,C,turn短语（5年1考）【短语梳理】1.turndown关小；拒绝（2017.24）2.turnoff关闭（2017.24）3.turnon打开（2017.24）4.turnout结果是5.turnup开大;调高（2017.24）,【现学现用】27.Susan_herfriendsinvitationbecauseofanimportantmeeting.A.turnedonB.turnedoffC.turneddownD.turnedup,C,2.同一介词/副词away短语【短语梳理】1.giveaway赠送；捐赠2.goaway走开3.putaway把收起来；储存备用4.runaway逃跑；跑掉5.takeaway拿走6.throwaway扔掉,C,D,【现学现用】28.Itsourdutytoprotecttheenvironment.Sodont_wastepapereverywhere.A.putawayB.keepawayC.throwawayD.takeaway29.Graceisgoingto_muchmoneytocharitythoughsheisnotrich.A.takeawayB.goawayC.runawayD.giveaway,down短语（5年1考）【短语梳理】1.cutdown砍倒；削减2.diedown逐渐变弱；逐渐消失3.falldown落下；摔倒4.liedown躺下5.putdown记下；放下6.sitdown坐下（2014.46）7.takedown拆除;记录8.turndown调低；关小；拒绝9.writedown写下；记下,【现学现用】30.Ifwe_thetrees,ourvillagewillbewashedawaybyflood.A.turndownB.falldownC.sitdownD.cutdown31.Ifyoufeeltired,youcan_andhavearest.A.putdownB.liedownC.writedownD.takedown,D,B,on短语【短语梳理】1.carryon坚持下去2.callon拜访eon来吧；赶快；加油4.concentrateon全神贯注；专心于5.dependon/upon依靠，依赖；取决于6.geton上车；相处；进展7.holdon等一等(别挂电话)8.keepon继续(进行)9.liveon以为食10.passon传递11.puton穿,戴上；上演12.tryon试穿13.turnon打开,【现学现用】32.Mum,shallwegotothebeachtomorrow?It_theweather.A.carriesonB.livesonC.dependsonD.holdson33.Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?Imgoingto_oneofmyformerclassmates.A.putonB.passonC.callonD.geton,C,C,out短语【短语梳理】blowout吹灭2.breakout(战争、火灾等)突然发生；爆发3.bringout使显现；使表现出4.carryout执行；完成5.checkout查明；离开eout出版；发表7.cutout切断8.findout查明；发现；了解9.getout出去；散发10.giveout分发11.goout出去12.handout分发；发放13.hangout闲逛,14.leaveout不包括；不提及；忽略15.lookout留神；当心16.pickout挑选；取出17.pointout指出18.putout扑灭；熄灭(火)19.runout用完；耗尽20.setout出发；启程21.takeout取出22.workout算出；锻炼；成功地发展,【现学现用】34.Theenergyfromthesunandwindisverycheapanditwillnever_.A.comeoutB.putoutC.carryoutD.runout35.Lets_thebadpotatoesfromthebasketorthegoodoneswillturnbad.A.pickoutB.leaveoutC.turnoutD.goout36.Well,itstimeto_forthetrainstation.Yes.Ourtrainwillleaveinanhour.A.hangoutB.bringoutC.checkoutD.setout,D,A,D,C,C,37.Mymothertoldmenotto_withmyfriendsonschoolnightsbecauseshewouldworryaboutmysafety.A.giveoutB.workoutC.hangoutD.putout38.Ournewmanager_tobeafriendofmybrothers.Heisveryhandsome.A.goesoutB.looksoutC.turnsoutD.pointsout,up短语（5年2考）【短语梳理】1.bringup教育；培养；提出2.callup给打电话3.cheerup使振奋；使高兴起来4.cleanup(把)打扫干净；(把)收拾整齐（2014.31）5.cutup切碎6.dressup穿上盛装；装扮7.eatup吃光；吃完（2014.33）8.fixup修理；修补9.getup起床（2015.44）10.giveup放弃11.growup成长；长大12.hangup挂断电话,【现学现用】39.Onmywayhome,Isawagrannyfalldown.Iofferedhelpfirstandthen_thepolice.A.calledupB.usedupC.cheeredupD.setup40.Wouldyoupleasehelpme_mydaughterfromschool?Imbusynow.Withpleasure.A.dressupB.showupC.lookupD.pickup41.Weplannedtomeetat10:30atthestationlastSunday,butTomdidnt_until12:00.A.turnupB.giveupC.stayupD.growup,A,D,A,省卷针对所给动词的适当形式填空的考情分析如下：1.近5年8考，所给动词均为原形;2.根据考查规律，所填答案都需要变形，4次填名词，2次填动名词，2次填形容词。动词名词（5年4考）动词变名词近5年省卷在词形转换中考查3次。,考法精讲,命题点3用所给动词的适当形式填空,考向一,填名词的判定方法：1.名词修饰名词(booklovers)（2017.69）；2.oneofthe/afew+名词复数（2016.67，2015.69）；3.形容词+名词（2014.70）；4.a,an，the+名词；5.the+名词+of；6.the+形容词+名词；7.1的数词+名词复数。,罗列常见动词变名词的词：actactorcollectcollectordirectdirectordancedancerdesigndesignerlistenlistener（2014.70）lovelover（2017.69）leadleaderownownerplayplayer（2015.69）reportreportersleepsleeperwinwinner（2016.67）workworker更多词见词句篇记背手册,【现学现用】42.Manycountriesintheworldhavereachedan_toreduceairpollution.(agree)43.Shewantstobecomeafamous_whenshegrowsup.(sing)44.Lotsof_cometothecitylibrarytoreadbooks.(read)45.Therearethousandsof_comingtoLuopingtoenjoythesightseeing.(visit)46.Hewasfacingadifficult_betweenstayingwithhisfamilyorworkinginTibet.(choose),agreement,singer,readers,visitors,choice,动词动名词(5年2考)动词变动名词近5年省卷在词形转换中考查2次均在介词之后。填动名词的判定方法：（1）形容词短语或介词+动名词(begoodat,without)（2016.66，2015.68）；（2）空前有be动词构成现在进行时或过去进行时+动名词；（3）动名词作主语；（4）用于固定搭配中；（5）or前后形式一致；（6）标志词now，look；（7）while引导的时间状语从句。,考向二,以下罗列常跟v.-ing的短语begoodat擅长beafraidof害怕beinterestedin对感兴趣befondof喜欢besatisfiedwith对满意bekindto对善良（更多短语可参考词句篇记背手册）,【现学现用】47.Whatabout_swimmingthissummervacation?(practice)48.Jacksonhasd