高中英语综合复习Book+2+Unit+1-3讲练与同步训练解析

北京四中高考英语综合复习Book 2 Unit 1-3讲练与同步训练解析重点短语与句型：work on 继续工作，从事dream of 梦想turn out 结果（是）use up 用完，用尽be satisfied with 对-表示满意take a look at 看一看what if- 如果-将会怎样the other way around 相反burn down 烧毁relate to 与-有关for once 就这一次look up to 尊敬go against 违背be covered with 由-覆盖in fact 事实上think of 考虑，认为keep out 使-不进入be made of/from 由-制成pull down 推倒，拆毁set aside不理会，节省描述人物You are twenty years old and a promising student.He is also intelligent and patient.辩论There is no doubt-.What is your idea?Have you thought about-?表达意见What is your opinion?I dont think we should choose-.表达偏好和喜爱Id rather-.I prefer something that-.What I like is -.Im much more interested in it.表示不喜欢I wouldnt feel happy if -Im not very interested in -I dont get very excited about -I cant stand-知识点归纳：1. point * n. 尖；作用，意义Theres no point in doing something. 做某事没有意义。Theres no point in lying. Ill find out anyway.撒谎没什么用，无论如何我都会查清楚的。I cant see any point in going there, when we can just call instead.我看你没有必要去那儿，我们打个电话就行了。Theres no point in quarrelling with each other.彼此争吵下去没有意义了。Theres no need to do sth 没必要做某事Theres no way doing 没法做某事Theres no sense in doing 没道理做某事It is no good/use doing 做-没用/没好处There is no need for you to buy the book.你没必要买那本书。It is no good/use complaining.怨天尤人是没有用的。* v. 指着，朝向He pointed to the green hill and smiled.他指着青山笑了。The needle of a compass points to the north.罗盘针指向北方。He pointed out the finest picture to me.他把最好的图画指给我看。2. engage vt.* 订婚 engage sb. to sb. 使某人与某人订婚be engaged to sb. 与某人订婚（状态）get engaged to sb. 与某人订婚（动作）Mary engaged herself to a Frenchman.= Mary was engaged to a Frenchman.玛丽和一个法国人订了婚。They have been engaged for six months.他们订婚已经六个月了。He got engaged last month.他上个月订婚了。* 忙于 be engaged in Please wait a minute; he is engaged now.请稍等，他正有事呢。He was engaged in his homework.他忙着写作业。The line is busy/engaged, please wait for a short while.电话占线，请等一会儿。be busy with sth./ be busy (in) doing sth.He was busy making phone calls.他忙着打电话。* 雇佣，聘用He engaged my sister as his secretary.他雇佣我妹妹当秘书。3. seek (sought, sought) v.* 寻找，探索，追求We should seek truth from facts.我们应该实事求是。They were trying to seek shelter from the rain.他们在寻找避雨的地方。The reason is not far to seek.道理很显然。* 征求，请求seek sth. (from sb.) = ask sb. for sth.He sought his doctors advice.他征求医生的意见。You must seek permission from the manager.= You must ask the manager for permission.你必须请求经理批准。* 试图，设法 seek to do sth.They are seeking to mislead us.他们竭力误导我们。They sought to kill him.他们企图杀死他。seek sb./sth. out 找出或找到某人seek after/for 寻找，探索seek ones fortune 寻找致富及成功之道4. similar adj.* 相似的，类似的We have similar hobbies.我们有类似的爱好。Those who share similar interest can be friends.有共同兴趣的人能成为朋友。* A is similar to B in - A和B在-方面相似in a similar way 与-相似的方式similar terms 同类项Your views on education are similar to mine.你的教育观点和我类似。My wife and I have similar tastes in music.我妻子和我在音乐方面有相似的爱好。Gold is similar in color to brass.金和黄铜的颜色相似。* similarly adv. 相似地similarity n. 相似之处Are there any similarities between the two brothers?这两兄弟有任何相似之处吗？高考链接：Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise. _, our minds are developed by learning.(NMET2000上海)A. Probably B. Likely C. Similarly D. Generally答案 C分析 句中将our minds与our bodies进行类比，因此应选similarly 相似地，类似地。5. doubt * v. 怀疑，疑惑I doubt whether he will come.我看他不见得会来。I dont doubt that he will come.我相信他会来。You cannot doubt your own existence.你不能怀疑你的存在。I doubt the truth of this report.我怀疑这项报告的真实性。I doubt if that was what he wanted.我不能确定那是否是他所要的。* n. 怀疑，疑问，疑虑There is no doubt about it.这是毫无疑问的。I have no doubt that you will succeed.我毫不怀疑你会成功。I have no doubt of your ability.我相信你的能力。in doubt 拿不准beyond doubt; without doubt 无疑地He is in doubt (about) what to do.他尚未确定做些什么。Dont worry. He will come back without doubt.别担心，他一定会回来的。#：doubt用于疑问句或否定句中，相关从句用that; 用于肯定句中，相关从句用疑问词引导。6. ruin* v. 毁坏，糟蹋掉Heavy smoking ruined his health.吸烟过量毁坏了他的健康。You will ruin your prospects if you continue to be so foolish.如果你继续此种愚行，你将自毁前程。The storm ruined the crops.暴风雨摧毁了农作物。* n. 毁坏，灭亡ruins 废墟，遗迹The news meant the ruin of all our hopes.这消息使我们的一切希望都破灭了。The castle has fallen into ruin.那个城堡已破败不堪。The ruins of ancient Rome were excavated out.在罗马的遗迹被发掘出来了。The old empty house went to rack and ruin.这所旧的空房子很快就毁掉了。* damage 指“损坏”，一般指部分性地损坏destroy 指彻底的破坏，无法修复His heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness.长期生病使她的心脏受到轻度损坏。The building was completely destroyed by the fire.这座房子被大火烧光了。I was ruined by the case; I am ruined man.我被那场官司毁了，我破产了。7. only修饰状语或状语从句位于句首，句子部分倒装，即把谓语的助动词放到主语之前，谓语用原形。Only then did I realize its importance.直到那时我才认识到它的重要性。Only in this way can we learn English well.只有通过这种方式，我们才能学好英语。Only when the war was over could he go on studying.只有战争结束，他才能够继续学习。Only when the class began did he remember that he had left his book at home.上课时他才记起来他把书落在家里了。* only修饰主语位于句首时，句子不倒装。Only a few important people know about it.只有少数重要的人知道这件事。高考链接：_ can you expect to get a pay rise. (NMET2000春季)A. With hard work B. Although work hardC. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard答案 C分析 该句为倒装句，只有C能够成倒装的条件，而且意思合适。8. switch * 转换，交换位置Our glasses have been switched. This is mine.咱俩的玻璃杯对调了，这个是我的。Lets switch our seats.咱们换一下座位吧。* 转变或改变Many voters are switched to Labor.许多选举人改投工党的票。Switch the conversation to a different topic.改变谈话的话题。You drive first and then well switch round.你先开车，一会儿咱们换着开。switch off 切断（电流等）；感到乏味switch on 接通电流，开（电器等）I switch off when he starts to talk about cars.他一谈汽车我就厌烦。When I switched on the light, I found the room had been robbed.我开灯后发现房间已被盗。n. 开关；变化Turn on the light switch.打开灯的开关。He made a switch from publishing to teaching.他由出版工作改做教学工作。9balancen. 天平，秤；平衡，平稳Please weigh the salt with a balance.请用天平称一下盐的分量。Riders need a good sense of balance.骑车的人必须善于保持平衡。He kept his balance with his arms on top of the wall.他在墙上用双臂保持平衡。She cycled too fast round the corner, lost her balance and fell off.她骑车因拐弯太快，失去平衡后摔倒了。v. 保持平衡He can balance a ball on his finger.他能把球稳放在手指上。Be sure to balance the expenditure with the income.务必使收支平衡。This school aims to balance the amount of time spent in arts and science subjects.这所学校在时间安排上努力做到文理并重。*balanced adj. 平衡的，稳定的The editors job is to keep the newspaper balanced and interesting to the readers.对读者来说，编辑的工作是使报纸的内容既均衡又有意义。You need a balanced diet.你需要均衡的饮食。 10. Its the first/second time that -has/have done-It was the first/second time that - had done-Its the first time that I have come to Beijing.这是我第一次来北京。It was the third time that he had been blamed by the teacher.这是他第三次受到老师责备。This is the first time that I have heard of it.这是我第一次听说这件事。* Its (high) time that -did/should do- 是该做什么的时候了Its time I went and picked up my little girl from school.我该去学校接我女儿了。Its high time that we should get down to business.是该干正事的时候了。Its time for supper.该吃晚饭了。Its time for them to do cleaning.他们该去打扫卫生了。11. fire v.* 解雇，开除The company fired him for not coming to work on time.那个公司因为他不按时上班而解雇他。He was immediately fired from the university. 他立即被大学开除了。He was fired because he was always making mistakes. 他因为老在工作中犯错误而被解雇。* 开枪，射击They fired (their guns) at the enemy.他们向敌人开枪。We must find out who fired the first shot.我们必须查清谁开的枪。He fired several shots at the target.他向目标射出了几发子弹。* 激发（想象力）This event fired the imagination of many artists.这件事使很多艺术家受到启发。Adventure stories fired his imagination.冒险小说激发他的想象力。fire up 勃然大怒When he heard the news he fired up.听了那消息，他勃然大怒。12. look up to尊敬，钦佩Hes a fine teacher. Weve always look up to him.他是一位好老师，我们一向很尊敬他。She has always looked up to her father.她一向尊敬父亲。相关短语：look down upon/on 看不起look back 回顾look after 照料look for 寻找look forward to 期待look into 向里看；调查look on-as- 将-看作-look out 当心look through 快速阅读look up 向上看；查阅We can look up the word in the dictionary.我们可以在字典里查阅这个词。The peasants looked upon him as a specialist.农民们把他看作专家。I look down upon those who always rely on others.我看不起那些总是依赖别人的人。13. face v.* 面向，朝着 All the houses there face south.那里所有的房子都朝南。She did not want to face those people again.她不愿意再和那些人见面。Turn round and face me.转过身来对着我。The window faces the street.那扇窗子面临街道。* 面临，正视，勇敢面对The army often faced a serious shortage of food.那时部队经常面临粮食短缺的问题。We must face these difficulties and overcome them.我们必须正视困难，加以克服。We have no choice but to face the dangers.除了勇敢面对危险，我们别无选择。摆在面前Thus they have correctly solved the urgent problems facing them.他们就这样正确解决了摆在他们面前的紧迫问题。face the music 毅然面对考验或危险face sth. out 坚持到底，不让步face up to sth. 勇敢承认和面对We should face up to the fact that we are no longer young.我们应该勇敢承认和面对我们已不再年轻这一事实。14. burn down* 烧掉，焚毁 (burn sth. to the ground)A number of houses were burnt down in the fire.好些房子在火灾中都烧毁了。The house burnt down in half an hour.那所房子在半小时内就被焚为平地。Their houses, too, were burnt to the ground.他们的房子也被烧毁了。* （火）渐渐烧完，减弱The room grew colder as the fire burnt down.随着炉火越来越弱，房间越来越冷。burn off 烧掉burn out 因燃料用尽而熄灭，精疲力竭burn the midnight oil 挑灯夜战，开夜车The fire burned out.炉火熄灭了。Dont be too tired to burn yourself out.别太累让自己精疲力竭。He has the habit of burning the midnight oil before tests.考试前他有挑灯夜战的习惯。15. inform v. 通知，告之inform sb. of rm sb. + 从句inform against/on/upon sb. 告发某人Did you inform them of the progress of the work?你通知他们工作的进展情况了吗？We were informed that two prisoners had escaped.我们听说有两个犯人逃跑了。Have you informed them of your intended departure?你通知了他们你想离开吗？I informed them where to go.我告诉了他们去哪儿。The thief informed on his accompany.那个小偷供出了他的同伙。* informer n. 告密者，检举人informationn. 通知，情报，消息informed adj. 有知识的，了解情况的，见闻广的He is a well-informed man.他是个消息灵通人士。You should keep us informed whenever you are in trouble.一有麻烦你就应该告诉我们。16. prefer, would rather 宁愿，更喜欢（无比较级和最高级）*prefer sth./doing sth.prefer to do/sb. to doprefer sth. to sth.prefer doing to doingprefer to do rather than doprefer + 宾语从句（从句谓语用should do， should可省略）I prefer his view.我更喜欢他的观点。Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?你更喜欢哪一样，茶还是咖啡？They prefer walking.他们宁可步行。He preferred spending weekends by himself.他更喜欢一个人过周末。She prefer to go to work by bus.她宁可搭公共汽车上班。They prefer you to go there./ They prefer that you (should) go there.他们觉得你还是去那里好。I prefer you to give me some advice.我更喜欢你给我提些建议。I prefer the country to the town.我喜欢乡村，不喜欢城市。They prefer walking to cycling.他们宁可步行也不愿意骑自行车。They prefer to go with us rather than stay at home.他们宁可和我们一起去也不愿意待在家里。* preference n. 偏好，喜爱have a preference for sth. 偏爱某物She has a preference for pets. 她爱养宠物。* would rather (not) dowould rather do than dowould rather + 宾语从句（从句使用虚拟语气，对现在和将来的虚拟用一般过去时，对过去的虚拟用过去完成时。）-How about a drink?-I would rather have something to eat.-喝一杯怎么样？-我宁愿来点吃的。I would rather not go out tonight, if you dont mind.如果你不介意的话，今晚我不想外出了。He would rather have red apples than green ones.他宁愿要红苹果，而不愿要青的。I would rather talk with her mother than with her father.我宁愿同他母亲谈，而不愿同他父亲谈。I would rather you told me the truth.我宁愿你把真相告诉我。I would rather he had told me about it.我宁愿他告诉了我那件事。高考链接：Rather than _ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _a bicycle.(NMET1994)A. ride, ride B. riding, ride C. ride, to ride D. to ride, riding答案 C分析 prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事17. impress* vt. 压，印；铭刻，给-以深刻印象impress sb. with./impress sth. on sb.be impressed by (with /at)His parents try to impress on him that it is very important to be honest.他的父母尽力让他记住诚实是很重要的。He was deeply impressed by what he had seen in China.在中国见到的一切给他留下了深刻的印象。Impress wax with a seal./ Impress a seal on wax. 用印盖在火漆上。His words are strongly impressed on my memory.他的话深深铭刻在我心头。The book did not impress me at all.这本书没有给我任何印象。I impressed on him the importance of work.我使他知道工作的重要性。* impression n. 印象make a/an - impression on sb. 给某人留下-的印象have a/an - impression of - 对-有-看法The speech made a strong impression on the House.这个演说给议员们留下了深刻印象。What were your first impressions of London?你对伦敦的最初印象如何？Its my impression that he doesnt want to come.我觉得他好象想不起来。18. pull down * 拆毁，拆除The old houses were being pulled down.那些旧房子正在拆除中。The government plan to pull down the building and rebuild it.政府计划推倒那幢楼重建一座。Its easier to pull down than to build up.拆房容易盖房难。* 拉下（帘子等）Shall I pull down the blinds?我可以放下百叶窗吗？Can you pull down the curtain? The light is too strong.你可以放下窗帘吗？光线太强了。* pull sb. down 使-虚弱His long illness had pulled him down.他因长期患病身体虚弱。An attack of influenza soon pulls you down.得一次流行感冒很快就会使你虚弱下来。pull up 拔起；（车子）停下pull in （列车）到达，进站pull off 脱下pull on 穿上pull through 度过难关He told the children not to pull up the young plants.他让孩子们不要把幼苗拔起来。The car pulled up in front of the hotel.汽车在旅馆前停了下来。19. of + n.* of + 抽象名词（如importance, help, value, use等）The matter is of great importance.= The matter is very important.这件事情很重要。I dont find anything of interest in todays newspaper.= I dont find anything interesting in todays newspaper.今天的报纸上我没看见什么有趣的内容。Is it of any use to you?= Is it useful to you?这对你有用吗？This dictionary is of great value for English learners.= This dictionary is very valuable for English learners.这本字典对学习英语的人很有价值。* of + 具体名词（表示大小，尺寸，形状，高低等）The two sisters are of the same height.这两姐妹同样高。Coins may be of different sizes, weights, shapes, and of different metals.硬币的大小、重量、形状以及所铸造的金属可能不一样。I would like two cups of the same shape.我想要两个形状相同的杯子。20. despite prep. 尽管，不管，任凭despite sth./doing sth. = in spite ofDespite the traffic jam, he arrived there on time.尽管交通拥挤，他还是准时到达了那儿。They had a wonderful holiday, despite the bad weather.尽管天气不好，他们的假日还是过得极为愉快。We should remain modest despite our achievement.尽管取得成就，我们应该保持谦虚的态度。Despite working hard, he failed again.尽管很努力，他还是又失败了。Despite not passing the exam, he decided to try again.尽管没有通过考试，他决定再试一次。21. belong to 属于 （没有进行时和被动语态）These books belong to me.这些书是我的。That lid belongs to this jar.那个盖子是配这个罐子的。I belong to the tennis club.我是这个网球俱乐部的人员。* belongings n. 财产，所有物The tourists lost all their belongings in the hotel fire.因旅馆失火，游客财物尽失。同步练习：一、单词拼写1. I feel _(满意的) with the good result now. 2. She has _(观察) the moon all her life.3. The parents felt helpless when they found that their son had been _(沉溺于) to love stories for long.4. In our class no one can _(匹敌) him in football.5. Do you have any _(怀疑) about his strength? He can lift a mountain.6. The place is _(方便的) for the meeting.7. She _(承担) the organization of the whole scheme.8. For the boy, his father _(代表) power.9. Th