2016年-六年级期末总复习知识点

PEP小学英语毕业总复习知识整理( Knowledge changes fate and diligence creates miracles.) 知识改变命运，勤奋创造奇迹。班级： 姓名：一、形容词比较级详解 当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是：什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+ 什么 ,如：Im taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是：1. 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 2. 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine finer ,late-later3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny funnier,heavy-heavier4.双写最后的字母再加er(大、胖、瘦、热、悲、湿)，如big bigger, fat-fatter,thin thinner ,hot hotter,sad-sadder,wet-wetter.5. 特殊形式的变化：如:good/well-better,bad/ill -worse,many/much-more,little-less6. more+双音节或多音节的形容词，如：more+beautiful. 注意 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。典型错误：My hair is longer than you.（我的头发比你更长。）比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人），那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.二：动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有：、规则动词一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如worked , learned , cleaned , visited以e结尾的动词直接加d：如lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed（此类动词较少）如study studied carry carried worry worried （注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类） 双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如stopped 、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：sing sang , eat ate , see saw , have had , do did , go went , take took , buy bought , get got , read read ,fly flew , am/is was , are were , say said , leave left , swim swam , tell told , draw drew , come came , lose lost , find found , drink drank , hurt hurt , feel felt三：动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则： 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating . 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing，如having , writing . 双写最后一个字母的（此类动词极少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting.四：动词变单三形式详解1. 一般情况直接加s: 如： look, take,cook,live,run,swim,listen,like, dance,sing,read2. .辅音字母+y,变y 为i 加es. 如：study,carry, fly,cry .元音字母加y,直接加s.如: say, play,buy,enjoy 3. 以s,ch,sh,x,o,结尾的加es.如：go, teach,wash,miss,fix.4. 特殊变化。 havehas五名词变复数。定义：名词(noun)， 一般用来表示人,事物,地点等名称 。例如：student、car、house 两类：1.可数名词:能以数目来计算，可以分成 个体的人或东西，因此它有复数形式。 2.不可数名词:不能用数字计算的。1.常用的不可数名词(uncountable)：water，rice, juice, meat, beaf, pork,coffee,money.2.可数名词变复数：规则1，直接加s：balloon, pen, doll, pencil, book,desk,light,door,fan,window,chair规则2：以s. x ch sh结尾的加es: box,watch,dish,bus规则3：以o结尾的有生命的加es,无生命的加s:1. 以o结尾的有生命的加es,如，tomato,potato,hero,negro.2. 以o结尾的无生命的加s:如：photo，piano，bamboo,radio规则4：以f,fe结尾变f, fe为v+es.如：life，leaf, knife,wolf, shelf.规则五：以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i加es.如：baby,country,factory规则六：以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s.如：boy,toy规则七：特殊变化1.小口诀：双脚白鹅和牙齿oo都要变ee 如：foot, goose,tooth2.以man或以man结尾的所有名字在变复数时，只需把a变e即可，简称变“e”如：man ,woman ,postman,fisherman,policeman,fireman(例外humanhumans)3.child-children, mouse-mice规则八：单复数同形，即：即单数和复数的写法一样。1. 鱼 羊 鲜：fish (鱼) sheep (羊) 2. Chinese (中国人) Japanese (日本人) deer (鹿) 如：three sheep，two deer，two Chinese，many fish规则九：口诀： 名词复数加s , 以下情况es:sh，ch，x，s 和部分o，potato，tomato，hero and mango；辅音加y要变i；fe（f）变v是常态；小淘气，特殊记，元音变e真有趣： tooth ， foot ，woman and man；鱼羊鲜；复同单；child 加个ren；裤子袜子和鞋子，双数出现不孤单，不孤单！六、易错词汇1.a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an，辅音字母开头的单词用a.但 a university student.2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.3.have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have. I , you 用 have .4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物，某人。单数用there is , 复数用there are.5.some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.但是当表示想要时， some可用于疑问句中。如：Would you like some orange juice?6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why（为什么）when(什么时候) which（哪一个）how old (多大) how many （多少）how much（多少钱）七：人称和数人称代词形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词主格宾格第一人称单数I（我）memy（我的） mine复数we（我们）usour（我们的） ours第二人称单数you（你）youyour（你的） yours复数you（你们）youyour（你们的） yours第三人称单数he（他）himhis（他的） hisshe（她）herher（她的） hersit（它）itits（它的） its复数they（他们/她们/它们）themtheir（他们的/她们的/它们的） theirs八四种时态:1.一般现在时：（usually, sometimes, often, every day etc.） He/She/人名+（单三） They/we/you/两人及以上+复数Eg.1.He is a teacher. 2.She likes playing badminton. 3.Sarah usually comes to school on foot. 4. They often fly kites in the park. 5.Lucy and Lily are twins. 6. We are kind and smart.备注：单数人称，单三形式，复数人称，动词原形。is/am是单数，are是复数。2.一般过去式。（出现过去时间就要用过去式）过去时间：last year/month.; before等years/months/days/weeks/days/hours/minutes agoyesterday,the day before yesterday.He/she/you/I/we/they/人名+过去式Eg. 1. I was a student before. 2. He went swimming last weekend. 3. Amy ate fresh food two days ago. 4.There was no library in my old school. 5. The Americans took about five days to get to the moon in 1969.3.现在进行时：（now, listen, look 等）表示正在干什么。 句型：人称（单/复数）+be(am/is/are)+动词的ing Eg.1. I am reading a book now. 2.Listen, she is singing a song .3.They are swimming. 4. The elephants are drinking water with their trunks. 5.What is Sarah doing? 6. What are they talking about ? 4.一般将来时（next/ this+时间eg. next Wednesday,tomorrow, this morning.） be+ going to do (动词原形) /will+doEg.1. He is going to see a film tomorrow. 2. We are going to watch TV this evening. 3. My mother is going to cook delicious food this weekend. 4. His brother will collect leaves next Saturday . 5. She will do her homework in the evening. 6.What are you going to do next week?九There be 句型（.有） 在There be 句型中，用is/was 还是用are/were，看紧跟其后的词是单数还是复数，单数用is/was （现在/过去），复数用are/were（现在/过去），就近原则。Eg.1. There is a book and two pencils on the desk.2. There are two pencils and a book on the desk.3. There was no gym in my old school twenty years ago.4. There were no air-conditioners in our class two years ago.十词性归类.1.形容词(adj.)：big大的small小的long长的tall高的short短的；矮的young年轻的old旧的；老的strong健壮的thin瘦的active积极活跃的quiet安静的nice好看的kind和蔼亲切的strict严格的smart聪明的funny滑稽可笑的tasty好吃的sweet甜的salty咸的sour酸的fresh新鲜的favourite最喜爱的clean干净的tired疲劳的excited兴奋的angry生气的happy高兴的bored无聊的sad忧愁的taller更高的shorter更矮的stronger更强壮的older年龄更大的younger更年轻的bigger更大的heavier更重的longer更长的thinner更瘦的smaller更小的good好的fine好的great很好的heavy 重的new新的fat胖的happy快乐的right对的hungry饥饿的cute逗人喜爱的little小的lovely可爱的beautiful漂亮的colorful色彩鲜艳的pretty漂亮的cheap便宜的expensive昂贵的juicy多汁的tender嫩的healthy健康的ill有病的helpful有帮助的high高的easy简单的proud骄傲的sick有病的better更好的higher更高的2. 介词（prep.）： in在里on在上；在时候under在下面near在的旁边behind在后边in front of在前面 next to与相邻 at 在.from 从.来 over 整个/在.期间；在.正下方 above 在.正上方 3. 代词（pron.）：I我we我们you你；你们he他she她it它they他（她，它）们my我的our 我们的your你的；你们的his他的her她的 this (这个) that（那个）these（这些） those（那些) one（一个 人/物）4. 动词（v.）：play（.ed）玩；踢swim(swam)游泳skate滑冰fly(flew)飞jump跳walk走run(ran)跑climb爬fight(fought)打架swing(swung)荡eat(ate)吃sleep(slept)睡觉like像，喜欢have(had)有；吃turn转弯buy(bought)买take(took)买；带live居住teach（taught）教go(went)去study(studied)学习learn学习sing(sang)唱歌dance跳舞row划do(did)做do homework做作业do housework做家务watch TV看电视read(read) books读书cook the meals做饭water the flowers浇花sweep(swept) the floor扫地clean the bedroom打扫卧室make(made) the bed铺床set(set) the table摆饭桌wash the clothes洗衣服do the dishes洗碗碟use a computer使用计算机do morning exercises晨练；做广播操eat breakfast吃早饭eat dinner吃晚饭go to school上学have English class上英语课play sports进行体育运动get（got）up起床climb mountains爬山go shopping买东西play the piano弹钢琴visit grandparents看望（外）祖父母go hiking去远足fly kites放风筝make a snowman堆雪人plant trees种树draw(drew) pictures画画cook dinner做饭read a book看书answer the phone接电话listen to music听音乐clean the room打扫房间write(wrote) a letter写信write an e-mail写电子邮件drink(drank) water喝水take pictures照相watch insects观察昆虫pick up leaves采摘树叶do an experiment做实验catch butterflies捉蝴蝶count insects数昆虫collect insects收集昆虫collect leaves收集树叶write a report写报告play chess下棋have a picnic举行野餐get to到达ride(rode) a bike骑自行车play the violin拉小提琴make kites制作风筝collect stamps集邮meet(met)见面welcome欢迎thank谢谢love爱work工作drink(drank)喝taste尝smell闻feed(fed)喂养shear剪milk挤奶look看guess猜help帮助pass传递show展示use使用clean打扫open打开close关上put放paint绘画tell(told)告诉kick踢bounce反弹ride(rode)骑stop(stopped)停wait等find(found)寻找到drive(drove)驾驶fold折send(sent)寄wash洗shine照耀become变成feel(felt)感觉到think(thought)思考meet(met)遇见fall(fell)落下leave(left)离开wake(woke) up醒来put on穿上take off脱掉hang up挂起wear(wore)穿go home回家go to bed上床睡觉play computer games玩电脑游戏play chess下棋empty the trash倒垃圾put away the clothes收拾衣服get off下车take a trip去旅行read a magazine读杂志go to the cinema去看电影go straight向前直走十一：小学三至六年级英语四会单词、句子汇总（三、四年级大部分词汇已包含在四五六年级）四年级上册Unit 4：home room school classroom door chair bed desk windowUnit 5：bread egg milk water rice beef chicken fishUnit 6：sister brother father mother farmer drive nurse doctor四年级下册 Unit 1：computer board fans light teachers desk picture floor wall This is my computer. That is your computer. Is this a teachers desk? Yes, it is.Unit 2： one two three four five six seven eight nine ten English P.E. music math ChineseWhat time is it? Its two oclock. Its 9:45. Its time for math class.Unit 3： red blue yellow green white skirt shirt jacket dress Is this your T-shirt? No, its not. What colour is it? Its white.Unit 4：jeans pants socks shoes sunny warm cold snowy Its warm today. Lets play football. Its cool. Is it cold？Unit 5：big small long short nice apple banana pear watermelonHow much is it? Its ten yuan. How much are they? Theyre three yuan.Unit 6：cat rabbit pig duck dog eleven twelve fifteen thirteen twenty Are they ducks? No, they arent. How many horses are there? Twelve.五年级上册（旧版）Unit 1: young funny tall strong kind old short thin smart active strict quiet Whos your English teacher? Mr Carter. Whats he like? Hes tall and strong.Is she quite? No, she isnt. Shes very active. Is she strict? Yes, she is, but shes very kind.Unit 2: Monday (Mon.) Tuesday (Tue.) Wednesday (Wed.) Thursday (Thu.) Friday (Fri.) Saturday (Sat.) Sunday (Sun.) day have do homework watch TV read books What day is it today? Its Wednesday. We have English, math and science on Thursdays.What do you have on Thursday? What do you do on Saturdays? I watch TV on Saturdays.Unit 3: eggplant fish green beans tofu potato tomato lunch tasty sweet sour fresh salty favourtie fruit grape What do you have for lunch on Mondays? We have tomatoes, tofu and fish. Whats your favourite fruit? I like apples. Theyre sweet. I like fruit. But I dont like grapes. Theyre sour.Unit 4: cook the meals water the flowers sweep the floor clean the bedroom make the bed set the table wash the clothes do the dishes use a computer What can you do? I can sweep the floor. I can cook the meals. I can water the flowers.Can you make the bed? No, I cant. Can you use a computer? Yes, I can.Unit 5: curtain trash bin closet mirror end table bedroom kitchen bathroom living room clothes in on under near over behind The trash bin is behind the door.There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room.There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet. The closet is near the table. Many clothes are in the closet. Unit 6: mountain river flower grass lake forest path park house bridge tree road building anyIs there a forest in the park? Yes, there is. Is there a river? No, there isnt. 五年级上册（新版）Unit 1 Whats he like?重点单词old 老的，年纪大的 young 年轻的，岁数不大的 funny 滑稽的，可笑的 kind 体贴的，慈祥的，宽容的 strict 要求严格的，严厉的 polite 有礼貌的，客气的 shy 羞怯的，腼腆的，怕生的 helpful 有用的，愿意帮忙的 clever 聪明的，聪颖的 hard-working工作努力的，辛勤的 music 音乐 art 美术 science 科学English 英语 maths/math 数 Chinese 语文,中文 sometimes 有时，robot 机器人 speak 会说，会讲（某种语言）；用（某种语言）说话 know 知道Ms 女士 will 将要 finish 完成重点句子1. Whos your art teacher? 谁是你的美术老师？ Mr. Jones.琼斯老师。2. Is he young? 他年轻 吗？Yes, he is. 是的，他年轻。 No, he isnt. 不，他不年轻。3. Whats Wu Yifan like? 吴一帆怎样？ Hes hard-working. 他很勤奋。4. Ms Wang will be our new Chinese teacher. 王老师会成为我们的新语文老师。5. He is very helpful at home. 他在家很能干。6. Robin is short but strong. 罗宾个子矮，但是身体强壮。7. He can speak Chinese and English. 他会说中文和英语。8. He makes me finish my homework. 他让我写作业。语 音字母y在单词中的发音：1、双音节或多音节词末发 i 。例：baby happy windy sunny sorry candy many family party 婴儿 开心的 有风的 晴朗的 对不起 糖果 许多 家庭 聚会 2、y在单音节词末发 ai 例：by 乘坐 my 我的 why 为什么 cry 哭 fly 飞重点知识及语法1、询问他人的外貌或性格：-Whats he/she like? - He/She is kind/2、一般疑问句的问与答：Is he/she？Yes, he/she is. No, he/she isnt. Do you know? Yes, I do. No, I dont3、be动词的三种形式am, is, are与人称代词连用的用法：I + am,/ He, she, it，人名、物名+ is/ We, you, they + are4、Ms., Miss, Mr., Mrs.的区别:Ms. miz（缩略词）（用于女子的姓氏或姓名前，不指明婚否）女士；Miss mis（用于未婚女子的姓氏或姓名前，以示礼貌）小姐，女士；Mr. mistE（mister的缩略词）（用于男子的姓氏或姓名前）先生；Mrs. misiz（用于已婚女子的姓氏或姓名前）太太；夫人。5、and和but的区别：and “和，与”，表并列关系 He is tall and thin. 他又高又瘦。but “但是”，表转折关系 He is short but strong. 他个子矮，但是身体强壮。重点作文1、介绍自己、朋友或老师等熟悉的人物，如：My teacher/friend/。思路导引（1）开头：交代人物的身份 I have a/anHe/She is（2）中间：1）体貌 He/ She is tall/strong He/She has hair/eyes 2）性格 He/She is strict/kind 3）爱好 He/She likes playing pingi-pong/ 或He/She often read books/ on the weekend.（3）结尾：评价人物或抒发对人物的情感 I like him/her very much.2、范文：（1）课本P9 Read and write（2） My Chinese teacher I have a new Chinese teacher. She is Ms. Chen. She is tall and thin. She has big eyes and long black hair. She is kind and funny. Sometimes she is strict, too. She is hard-working. She likes reading. Her class is so much fun. We all like her.Unit 2 My week重点单词Sunday (Sun.) 周日 Monday (Mon.) 周一 Tuesday (Tue./Tues.) 周二 Wednesday (Wed./Weds.) 周三 Thursday (Thur./Thurs.) 周四 Friday (Fri.) 周五Saturday (Sat.) 周六 weekend 周末（周六、日） wash my clothes 洗衣服watch TV 看电视 do homework 做作业 read books 看书 play football 踢足球on the weekend 在周末 play sports/do sports 做体育运动 listen to music 听音乐play ping-pong 打乒乓球 cooking烹饪 often时常 park公园 tired疲倦的 sport体育运动 play sports做体育运动 should应该 every day 每天 schedule工作计划，日程安排重点句子1. What do you have on Thursdays? 星期四你们上什么课？ I have math, English and music. 我们上数学、英语和音乐课。2. What do you do on Thursdays, Grandpa? 爷爷，星期四你要做什么？I have a cooking class with your grandma. 我和你奶奶去上烹饪课。3. Do you often read books in this park? 你经常在这个公园看书吗？ Yes, I do. 是的 No, I dont. 不是4. Look at my picture. 看我的图片。5. You look tired. 你看 起来很累。6. You should play sports every day. 你应该每天做运动。7. I need to do some shopping. 我需要买些东西。8. We dont have enough money. 我的钱不够。语 音字母组合ee, ea在单词中的的发音： i: 例：feet beef meet see feed tea read eat repeat 脚 牛肉 遇见 看见 喂养 茶 阅读 吃 重复注：1、ee组合绝大部分发长音 i: ，只有少部分发短音 i ，如：coffee 咖啡2、ea字母组合除了发 i: ，还有可能发 e 等发音，如：bread 面包，或者发 ei ，如：great 好极了重点知识及语法1、询问做什么事/活动：What do you do ? I often play ping-pong询问星期几上什么课：What do you have on? We have English class2、一般疑问句的问与答：Do you often read books? Yes, I do. No, I dont.3、on+具体某一天（年月日，星期），如：on Monday/Tuesday课外 at+具体时刻（点钟），如：at 12 oclock 在十二点整补充： in+大致时间（年月，早中晚），如：in 2014 在2014年 in the morning/afternoon/evening4、play + 球类、棋类、娱乐活动，如：play football/ping-pong补充：play + the + 乐器（第四单元知识），如：play the pipa/piano/violin重点作文1、描写一周的生活，如：My week思路导引（1）开头：简单的自我介绍：My names/ Im（2）中间：1） 介绍周一至周五的情况，可以着重介绍自己最喜欢的那一天：I go to school from Monday to Friday. I likebecause I have2）介绍自己周六、日的活动：I often watch TV/on the weekend.（3）结尾：This is my week. What about yours?2、范文： My week My name is Li Ming. I go to school from Monday to Friday. I like Tuesdays and Thursdays, because I have music and PE. I often do my homework and read books on Saturdays. I often play ping-pong on Sundays.Unit 3 What would you like ?重点单词ice cream 冰淇淋 hamburger 汉堡包 tea 茶 sandwich 三文治 salad 沙拉fresh 新鲜的，刚摘的 healthy 健康的 delicious 美味的；可口的 hot 辣的；辛辣的 sweet 含糖的；甜的 hungry 饿的 thirsty 渴的；口渴的 favourite 特别喜爱的food 食物 drink 喝；饮 carrot 胡萝卜 chicken 鸡肉 onion 洋葱 milk 牛奶 bread 面包 beef noodles牛肉面 fish sandwich 鱼肉三明治 tomato soup 西红柿汤 delicious 美味的 重点句子1.What would you like to eat? 你想吃什么？ A sandwich, please. 请给我一个三明治。What would you like to drink? 你想喝什么？ Id like some water. 我想喝点水。2. Whats your favourite food? 你最喜欢吃什么食物？Noodles. They are delicious. 面条。面条很好吃。3. My/His /Her favourite food is fish. 我/他/她最喜欢的食物是鱼。4. Im hungry/thirsty. 我饿/渴了。5. I dont like beef but chicken is OK. 我不喜欢牛肉但是鸡肉也可以。6. Onions are my favourite vegetable. 洋葱是我最喜欢的蔬菜。7. I like vegetables but not carrots. 我喜欢吃蔬菜但不喜欢胡萝卜。语 音字母组合ow在单词中的发音： au ， Eu 例： au cow 奶牛 flower 花 wow 哇 down 向下 how 如何，怎样 now 现在 Eu slow 慢的 snow 雪 yellow 黄色 window 窗户 snowy 下雪的 tomorrow 明天重点知识及语法1、询问想要吃/喝什么：What would you like to eat/drink? Id like2、询问最喜欢的事物：Whats your favourit