高二英语Unit 16人教版知识精讲

高二英语高二英语 UnitUnit 1616 人教版人教版 【同步教育信息】 一. 本周教学内容： Unit 16 二. 教学重难点： 重点词组的用法 三. 具体内容： 1. What does the landscape look like where you live? What does.look like 用于询问某人/物外表看起来如何 What does the building look like? It looks like a school. What does the man look like? He looks like a policeman. What is sb/sth. like? 用于询问人/物的内在品质，个性以及用来询问天气。 2. Ever since the Civil War, the South has struggled to find ways to deal with its troubled past. 有生意往来；是的买主 The Greens deal with the butcher at the corner of the block. 处理 He is a person who can deal properly with all situations. （1）与交往；对付 He seemed to be quick tempered, but was actually not difficult to deal with. （2）关于；涉及 This article deals with an important subject. 3. The history of the South is one of suffering of the native Americans who were killed or driven off their land by European settlers; the pains of slaves brought from Africa by greedy slave traders; the death and poverty of the war year; the hardships of the war years; the hardships of unemployment and civil unrest in the post-war years and the Depression; the many sacrifices of the Civil Rights movement. （1）driveoff 迫使离开；击退 drive sb. mad drive sb. out of his mind （2）unrest 不安；动荡；不满意 political / social unrest （3）depression 忧愁；消沉；凹陷处；坑 He committed suicide during a fit of depression. The soldiers hid from the enemy in a slight depression. （4）sacrifice n. U 供奉；祭祀 the sacrifice of an ox to Jupiter C 贡品 Kill a sheep as a sacrifice. U 放弃某事务 Getting rich isnt worth the sacrifice of you principles. He became a top sportsman at some sacrifice to himself. C 牺牲的事物 Her parents made many sacrifices so that she could go to university. v. 供奉；献祭 She sacrificed her career to marry him. Im not sacrificing my day off just to go shopping with him. The wounds are slow to heal and the scars run deep. heal 使某物康复 4. The cut soon healed over, but it left a scar. （1）The wound healed slowly. 使某事完结；好受些 Time heals all sorrows. （2）run 常用做系动词，表示进入或达到某一状态 The water run cold when I turned the tap on. The river ran dry during the drought. 负责；管理 He has no idea of how to run a successful business. （使某物） 运转，起作用 Your new car seems to run very quickly. （指公共汽车等）往来行驶 Buses to Oxford run every half an hour. The trains dont run on Christmas Day. 5. Like many of its sister cities in the South, Atlanta was burnt down in the Civil War. burn down 烧毁，烧为平地 burn off 烧掉 burn out 烧光 burn up 烧毁 6. The post-war years were hard and the people of Atlanta struggled to rebuild the city and create a new South where former slaves and slave owners could live together. adj. 以前的 the former world champion the former landlady the former 前者 7. If I had to choose between fish and chicken. Id prefer the former. The city saw a series of fierce fights between blacks and whites in the 1960s and Dr King was shot to death in 1968. （1）a series of 一系列的；一连串的 We won a series of victories. He gave a series of lectures on modern English novels. （2）凶猛的；愤怒的 He looks fierce today. 强烈的；极度的 fierce concentration 激烈的 His plan met with fierce opposition 8. Dr. Kings efforts were not in vain, however, Segregation eventually disappeared and a new dawn seemed to arrive. 对自己自视过高的，自负的 She is a vain girl. 无价值的；无意义的 It is vain to try to save him. 无效过的；无用的 Try in vain to sleep. All our work was in vain. 9. His funeral was shown on television and millions of Americans watched as people marched through Atlanta in honor of Dr. King. in honor of 出自对某人的敬意 A ceremony was held in honor of those killed in battle. 10. segregation a policy of racial segregation 种族隔离政策 We oppose segregation on religious grounds. 我们反对基于宗教不同的隔 离状况。 segregate segregate sb. / sth. from sb. / sth. 将某人/ 某物隔离 The two groups of fans must be segregated in the stadium. Why should the handicapped be segregated from the able-bodied? 11. aim at point or direct（a weapon, missile, etc.）towards an object He aimed at target, fired and missed it. direct ones efforts Shes aiming at a scholarship. Direct（a comment, criticism）at sb. My remarks were not aimed at you. aim at doing sth.: intend or try to do We must aim at increasing export. 12. eventually: at last, finally eventual adj. 13. share with have a share of sth. with other He would share his last pound with me. have sth . in common He shares my fears about a possible war. 14. determine determine on/ upon sth. make up ones mind about sth. be determined to do sth. I am determined to succeed. a determined fighter, look, attitude 15. exist have being 存在 The idea exists only in the minds of poets. This plant only exists in Australia. continue living 生存 We can not exist without food and water. He exists on rice and water. I can hardly exist on the wage Im getting. existence n. come into existence 产生 16. onward adj. the onward march of time adv. move steadily onwards The shop is open from lunchtime onwards. 17. cut off stop the supply of Our water supply has been cut off. Her father cut off her allowance. remove sth. by cutting 18. deserve 不用于进行时 The article deserves careful study. She deserves a reward for her efforts. deserve well/ ill of sb. 应该受到.待遇 She deserves well of her employers. 【典型例题分析】 1. As soon as Charles had _ a little from his surprise, his first thought was to get away. A. returned B. got over C. come overD. recovered 2. If you drive from the airport , go on the motorway and follow the _ to the city. A. designsB. ways C. pointsD. signs 3. While in London , we paid a visit to the hospital founded _ the nurse Florence Nightingale. A. in line withB. in favor of C. in honor of D. in place of 4. He _ the basket but failed A. shot atB. shot off C. shot awayD. shot 5. If the population goes on increasing at the present rate, there will _ not be enough resources left on earth to sustain human life. A. at last B. eventually C. lastlyD. lately 6. I insisted that the thief _ to be put into prison. A. refersB. referC. referredD. referring 7. The destruction of these treasures was a loss for mankind that no amount of money could _. A. stand up toB. make up for C come up withD. put up with 8. Even before a few people, she cant _ the courage to speak aloud. A. gatherB. collectC. findD. raise 9. With the electricity _, all the machines stopped. A. cut offB. cut downC. was cut offD. was cut down 10. Although there were so many people in the square, I could _ my friend. A. pick upB. pick outC. make upD. set out 解析： 1. D recover from 从恢复过来；痊愈。get over 克服（困难），不跟 from。 2. D design 图案；point 标点，要点；way 道路；方法；sign 符合；记号 3. C in honor of 为纪念；in flavor of 支持， 赞同； in place of 代替；in line with 与一致 4. A shoot 投中；射中；shoot off 击落；打击；shoot away 继续射击，射 击 5. B lately（次序）最后；与 firstly, secondly 相对； lately 最近 6. C referred to 在此为过去分词做定语，意为“被提到的” 7. B make up for 补偿；stand up to 勇敢的面对；come up with 想出；put up with 忍受 8. A 句意：:即使站在很少人面前，他也鼓不起勇气大声发言。 9. A 考查“with + 宾语+ 宾补” 结构的用法， C，D 不合语法。 10. B pick up 捡起； make up 组成，弥补；set out 动身 【模拟试题】 一. 完形填空 DEAR ABBY In a recent column, a woman wrote to say that one of her guests at a dinner party had 1 fork, and she didnt know how to recover it. I wasnt that guest, 2 over the last 10 years I have taken three things from homes where I have been a 3 .Abby, I cannot understand 4 I took these things! I have thought over as to how 5 can get these things back! I cant do it 6 and admit that I took them. This is a small town, and Im well 7 here. If just one of these people talked about it, I would be 8 . Abby, whats wrong with me? They are really 9 things. I thought about seeing an expert, but should I be 10 going to an expert, it would be all over town in no time. Im sure thousands of people 11 me wish to have the courage to return 12 .Should I just wait until its 13 , then put the things in the mailboxes of their 14 owners? Guilty Conscience（罪恶感）DEAR GUILTY CONSCIENCE, 15 .It will make you feel better, but it will not 16 your problem . You need to seek help to 17 out why you took those things so you wont 18 that behavior . See an expert in another town or city nearby to 19 your privacy（隐私）. Please take my 20 , and let me hear from you again. I care Abby 1. A. found B. stolen C. laid D. dropped 2. A. since B. though C. but D. so 3. A. guest B. host C. relative D. friend 4. A. when B. how C. where D. why 5. A. you B. they C. she D. I 6. A. openly B. secretly C. strangely D. nervously 7. A. dressed B. known C. organized D. kept 8. A. disappointed B. satisfied C. finished D. praised 9. A. valuable B. unimportant C. necessary D. terrible 10. A. heard B. sent C. kept D. seen 11. A. like B. except C. with D. for 12. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 13. A. late B. early C. dark D. familiar 14. A. rightful B. careful C. reasonable D. unknown 15. A. Never B. Always C. No D. Yes 16. A. satisfy B. solve C. explain D. direct 17. A. turn B. pick C. find D. carry 18. A. realize B. continue C. stop D. mention 19. A. protect B. describe C. prevent D. introduce 20. A. present B. letter C. example D. advice 二. 阅读理解 A A great French writer said that we should help everyone as much as possible because we often need help ourselves .The small even can help the great .To this effect, he tells a simple story. An ant was drinking at a small river and fell in .She tried hard to reach the side, but made no progress at all .The poor ant, almost tired out, was still bravely doing her best when a bird saw her . Moved with pity, the bird threw her a blade（叶片）of grass, which supported her like a boat, and thus she reached the bank again . While she was resting and drying herself in the grass she heard a man coming near . He was walking along barefooted and carrying a gun in his hand . As he saw the bird he wished to kill her, and he would certainly have done so, but the ant bit him in the foot just before he raised his gun to fire . He stopped to see what had bit him, and the bird immediately flew away . It was an animal much weaker and smaller than herself that had saved her life. 21. According to the French writer, we often need help from others, therefore we should . A. not help others B. help those who may be helpful to us C. get as much help as possible D. help others as much as we can 22. The ant finally got on the bank . A. when the water pushed her B. with the help of a piece of wood C. with the help of a blade of grass D. when the bird reached out a leg for her 23. The French writer tells the story in order to show . A. how an ant saved a bird B. how brave the ant is C. how clever the bird is D. even the small can help the great B Its a mans world, and many women dont like it. The women say they are treated like secondclass citizens and therefore feel that their anger is justified . Women everywhere, they say , earn less money than men for the same kind of work . Women have less power in their communities than men, and in most cities and towns the political decisions are made by men . There are few women mayors or city officials . The same thing is true in labor unions, and religious groups . Even in unions where the members are almost all women, the heads of the unions are men . The presidents of almost all the big corporations in the country are men . There are few women ministers and no women priests. Many women have been aware of these inequalities for a long time . Only recently, however, has a drive for womens rights made many more women and men, too, interested in fair treatment for women . Groups have formed to demand equal pay for equal work, changes in abortion laws, and roundtheclock daycare centers for children . Women have even started their own newspapers to fight for their cause . They have written books and marched in parades protesting their secondclass place in society. 24. What is the main idea of this passage? A. Women want to make more money. B. Women hate the mans world. C. Women are organizing to demand their rights. D. Womens liberation. 25. What is the important problem explained in this passage? A. Women have joined protest groups. B. The heads of most unions are men. C. Women are treated unfairly in their work, communities, and religious groups. D. Women dont like men. 26. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To persuade women to join womens rights groups. B. To explain why a drive for womens rights has started. C. To explain how it feels to be a woman in a mans world. D. To help more women get equal treatment with men. 27. In this passage the words “ second class citizens” mean . A. people who are treated like foreigners B. people who are not citizens C. people who are not treated fairly as though they had all the rights of citizens D. people who dont want to be first-class citizens 28. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE? A. Women dont like to be treated as second-class citizens. B. Women make the same amount of money as men for the same kind of work. C. Men make political decisions in most places in U.S.A. D. Women started their own newspapers and wrote books to fight for their equal rights. C Many people who work in London prefer to live outside it, and to go in to their offices or schools every day by train, car or bus, even though this means they have to get up early in the morning and reach home late in the evening. One advantage of living outside London is that houses are cheaper . Even a small flat in London without a garden costs quite a lot to rent . With the same money, one can get a little house in the country with a garden of ones own. Then, in the country one can rest from the noise and hurry of the town . Even though one has to get up earlier and spend more time in trains or buses, one can sleep better at night and during weekends and on summer evenings, one can enjoy the fresh, clean air of the country . If one likes gardens, one can spend ones free time digging , planting, watering and doing the hundred and one other jobs which are needed in a garden . Then, when the flowers and vegetables come up, one has the reward of one who has shared the secret of Nature. Some people, however, take no interest in country things; for them, happiness lies in the town, with its cinemas and theatres, beautiful shops and busy streets, dancehalls and restaurants . Such people would feel that their life was not worth living if they had to live it outside London . An occasional walk in one of the parks and a fortnights（two weeks）visit to the sea every summer is all the country they want: the rest they are quite prepared to leave to those who are glad to get away from London every night. 29. Which of the following statements is not true? A. People who like country things prefer to live outside the city. B. People who work in London prefer to live in the country. C. Because of certain disadvantages of living outside London, some people who work in London prefer to live inside London. D. Because of certain advantages of living outside London, many people who work in London prefer to live outside London. 30. One can in London with the same money for buying a little house with a garden in the country. A. get a small flat with a garden B. have a small flat with a garden C. rent a small flat without a garden D. buy a small flat without a garden 31. When the flowers and vegetables in the garden come up, those have the reward of one who has shared the secret of Nature. A. who live in the country B. who have spent time working in the garden C. who have a garden of their own D. who have been digging, planting and watering 32. People who think happiness lies in the town would feel that if they had to live it outside London. A. their life was meaningless B. their life was invaluable C. they didnt deserve a happy life D. they were not worthy of their happy life 33. “the rest they are quite prepared to leave to those” The underlined words refer to . A. the rest time B. the rest people C. the rest of the country D. the rest of the parks and of the sea D In every school there is a “top” crowd that sets the pace, while the others follow their lead . Lets say the top crowd decides that it is smart to wear bright red sweaters . Pretty soon everybody is wearing a bright red sweater. There is nothing wrong with that, except the fact that on some people bright red sweater is extremely unbecoming . The situation can even become dangerous, if the top crowd decides that it is smart to drink or to drive cars at seventy miles an hour . Then the people who follow the lead are endangering their lives . They are like the sheep being led to the butcher. Now, chances are that you have come across situations like these more than once in your life; chances are that one time or another you probably did something you knew to be wrong . You may have excused yourself by saying, “Gee, the crowd does it.” Well, let the crowd do it, but dont do it yourself . Learn to say, “No.” Develop your own standards and your own judgement . If you know the crowd is planning something you disagree to, have the courage to bow out mannerly . Youll have the satisfaction of standing on your own two feet. 34. Which is the best title for this passage? A. Follow the Lead. B. Top Crowd. C. Being Yourself. D. Bright Red. 35. The author doesnt think it good wearing red sweaters if . A. the crowd does it B. you cant afford them C. you dont look good in red D. the situation isnt safe 36. According to the passage, people who follow the crowd . A. sometimes do things against their better judgement B. make mistakes blindly