交替传译上课用材料.doc

实践证明，数字的英、汉互译虽然有一定的难度，但是只要我们针对难点，加强训练就能熟能生巧。 数字的纪录方法迅速、准确地记录听到的数字是做好数字口译的第一步。以下将用实例介绍几种常用的记录方法。当听到英语“one hundred twenty-three million, four hundred and fifty-six thousand ”时，我们可以用下面的方法记录： 123m456t用英文字母“t”, “m”, “b”和 “tr”分别表示 “thousand”, “million”和 “trillion”等段位。 123，456或123，456/ 或123，456或123，456K用逗号“，”，斜杠“/”，“”或用字母“K”表示“000”。 1亿2345万6千(转换成目的语记录)如果听到汉语“1亿2千3百45万6千”时，我们可以用下面的方法记录：（1）1.23456亿（用小数点表示）（2）1亿2345万6千（用原语记录）（3）123m456t(用目的语记录) 掌握记录方法 笔记关键在于采用自己熟悉的某种方式将转折数字记录下来，比如用” t表示thousand， “m表示million，b表示billion, tr表示trillion,或用“”表示“000”等等(3,000,000可记录成“3 ”或者“3，”) .原则就是要方便并且不容易混淆 除了记下数字本身以外，更重要的是确保记住与数字有关的内容，即 “What is the number about?”。否则这个数字就没有任何意义了。 听的过程中注意一些提示词汇.比如amount to, reach, equal to, increase by或者如volume, number, record等词, 这表明后面将有词汇出现. 相关表达如下 : Expressions: 达到 reach, total, number, peak at, bein total占%: account for, take up; constitute; make up I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldnt want to take up too much of your time. 我知道您肯定特别忙，我当然不想占用您太多的时间 A good deal of my time is taken up with reading critical essays and reviews. 我的大部分时间都用在阅读评论文章上了。North Africans make up the largest and poorest immigrant group in the country. 北非人构成了该国最大的、也是最贫困的移民群。Women officers make up 13 per cent of the police force. 女警占警力的13%。上升：rise, increase, climb, jump, skyrocket, augment, up下降: fall, drop, decline, decrease, precipitate, down It would only serve to precipitate his ruin. 它只会加速他的毁灭。augment增加；增大；加强；提高 To augment something means to make it larger, stronger, or more effective by adding something to it. FORMAL While searching for a way to augment the family income, she began making dolls. 为了想法子增加家庭收入，她开始制作洋娃娃。稳定/波动: level out/off, remain stable, fluctuate, stand/stay at, to reach a peak The rise in the unemployment figure should level out soon. 上升的失业数字会很快稳定下来。The tax system is extended to level out the big differences between the rich and the poor. 这个税法旨在消除贫富间的差距。Were asking customers to give us orders year-round to level out revenues. 我们要求客户为我们提供（全年）订单，以使我们的收入更均衡。The rise in the unemployment figures should level out soon. 失业数字上升这一现象不久应当稳定下来。The figures show evidence that murders in the nations capital are beginning to level off. 数据表明，该国首都谋杀案件的数量开始保持在稳定的水平。. Prices have begun to level off. 物价开始稳定了。Expressions II -Interpreting Indefinite Numbers (不确定数字)1. Interpreting Approximate Numbers (大约)CH: 约、大约、大概、来、左右ENG: about, around, roughly, approximately, some, more or less, in the neighborhood of, or so, or thereabout, in the rough2. Interpreting Numbers Smaller than Round Numbers (少于)CH: 少于、低于、不到、不及、不足、以下ENG: fewer than, less than, under, below, within3. Interpreting Numbers with the Meaning of “Nearly” (将近)CH: 近、快、将近、几乎、差不多、差一点儿、差一点儿不到ENG: nearly, almost, toward, close on4. Interpreting Indefinite Numbers Which Mean “More Than”(多于)CH: 多于、大于、高于、超过、多、以上ENG: more than, over, above, upwards of, and more, odd, and odd5. Interpreting Numbers Which Are Between Particular Numbers (介于)CH: 到、至、介于之间ENG: from to , (anywhere) between and 模糊数字的口译 几个some; a few; several; a number of 十几个more than ten; over a dozen; less/no more than twenty 几十个dozens of 几十年decades 十几岁in ones teens 四十出头a little/a bit over forty 五十岁左右more or less fifty (years old); about fifty 近八十岁了nearly/almost eighty (years old) 九十好几了well over ninety (years old) 三天左右three days or so 大约150米处somewhere about 150 meters 好几百hundreds of 成千上万，千千万万thousands of 几十万hundreds of thousands of 几百万millions of 亿万hundreds of millions of 3. Supplementary Exercises McDonalds founders Dick and Mac McDonald started with their little drive-in restaurant in San Bernardino, California in the late 1940s. But McDonalds today serves 38 million customers each day, of whom 20 million are in the U. S. A. Its about 23,000 restaurants in more than 100 countries around the world. Its one of the worlds great entrepreneurial organizations, with most restaurants worldwide run by a franchisee or affiliate partner of the company. Its one of the two most recognized and powerful brands in the world, the other being coca-cola, the only soft drink supplier to McDonalds today. Its a growing company, adding more than 2,000 new restaurants to their system each year. This means a new McDonalds will open somewhere in the world every five hours of every day. It generates sales of more than $31 billion a year and earns net income of more than $1.5 billion annually. McDonalds opened its first restaurant in Beijing on April 23, 1992. Its the joint venture partnership between McDonalds and the General Corporation of Beijing Agriculture, Industry, and Commerce. It took five years to establish the network of local farmers, manufacturers, and other suppliers to support the restaurant.Related words and Expressionsdrive-in restaurant 免下车餐馆 (顾客可坐在自己的车上进餐)entrepreneurial organizations 企业团体a franchisee or a