新概念2 第69课 课件.ppt

Review 坚持的两种用法 persistindoingsth insiston upondoingsth没人能避免犯错 Noonecanavoidmakingmistakes 不懂装懂就会闹笑话 Ifyoupretendtoknowwhatyoudon tknow you llonlymakeafoolofyourself 阻止做某事的表达法 stopsb from doing preventsb from doing或keepsbfromdoing 你介意把窗户打开吗 Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow 你介意我把窗户打开吗 Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow 无论你是谁 都必须遵守规则 Nomatterwhoyouare youmustobeytherules 无论他学习多么努力 总不能通过考试 Nomatterhowhardhestudies hefindsitdifficulttopasstheexam 动名词的用法 接lesson68 practice 根据所给汉语 按正确形式填空 He 坚持 thathedothatworkalone TheteachertellsusthatlearningEnglishmustbe 坚持的 Shetriedto 逃避 answeringmyquestions Shewasn treallycrying shewasonly 假装 Whatcanwedoto 阻止 thediseasespreading insists persistent avoid pretending prevent Freetalk Haveyouseenthecriminalspot 1 Ifyouseethethiefstealsothers whatwillyoudo 2 Whenyounoticetheburglarbreakintoyourhouse Whatkindsofmeasuresyouwilltake murder mournful suppose v 假设 n 谋杀 adj 悲哀的 tap examiner instruct n 主考人 v 轻敲 v 命令 指示 brake pedal react n 刹车 n 踏板 v 反应 acquire confidence v 取得 获得 n 信心 Let sreviewthewords 根据所给的汉语意思写出单词 并用其正确形式填空 1 Theteacheroften 指导 指示 ushowtoworkoutmathsproblems 2 Shehasgreat 自信 inhersuccess 3 谋杀 isaterriblecrime 4 Thatgirl 轻敲 herfingersonthedeskimpatiently 5 考官 Tellmeaboutyourfamily 6 The 刹车 doesn tworkwell 7 A 悲哀的 voicesings Arewestillmarried 8 Letmeseeyourdriving 执照 Questionsonthetest Whendidtheauthorbegintoacquireconfidenceandwhy Whatwasthelastthingtheauthorwasaskedtodobytheexaminer Didtheauthorgetthedrivinglicenceintheend Iwasbeingtestedforadrivinglicenceforthethirdtime Ihadbeenaskedtodriveinheavytrafficandhaddonesosuccessfully Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown Ibegantoacquireconfidence SurethatIhadpassed Iwasalmostbeginningtoenjoymytest Theexaminermusthavebeenpleasedwithmyperformance forhesmiledandsaid Justonemorething Mr Eames Letussupposethatachildsuddenlycrossestheroadinfrontofyou AssoonasItaponthewindow youmuststopwithinfivefeet Icontinueddrivingandaftersometime theexaminertappedloudly Thoughthesoundcouldbeheardclearly ittookmealongtimetoreact Isuddenlypressedthebrakepedalandwewereboththrownforward Theexaminerlookedatmesadly Mr Eames hesaid inamournfulvoice youhavejustkilledthatchild Newwordsandexpressions murder m d n 谋杀instruct in str kt v 命令 指示acquire kwai v 取得 获得confidence k nfid ns n 信心examiner ig z min n 主考人suppose s p uz v 假设tap t p v 轻敲react ri kt v 反应brake breik n 刹车pedal pedl n 踏板mournful m nf l adj 悲哀的 Words phrases单词与词组 drivinglicence驾照heavytraffic拥挤的交通inamournfulvoice用 的声调bepleasedwith对 满意within5feet在5英尺之内crosstheroad过马路brakepedal刹车板outoftown城外 murder1 n beguiltyofmurder犯谋杀罪murderwillout纸包不住火homicide h misaid 杀人 犯 manslaughter m nsl t r 过失杀人massacre m s k 大屠杀assassinate s sineit 暗杀poison毒杀suffocate s f keit 窒息而死hang绞死2 v murderermurderess instruct1 v 指导 向 下命令tell日常用语 运用广泛 语气不强order语气较强 有权威者用来指示别人服从instruct direct用于客观 公事场合 对需要采取的行动准确说明command用于军事场合Theofficercommandedhismentofire 2 v 教授 传授instructsb ininstructor教员 教练 指导员instruction C 命令 指示 U 传授 指导 acquire1 靠努力或行为 获得gain获得自信acquireconfidence2 学得 养成 习惯 养成抽烟的习惯acquireahabitofsmokingacquisition kwi zi n n 获得 所获之物 收购 confidencen have loseconfidenceinsb sth 他充满信心地回答问题Heansweredthequestionswithconfidence IhaveeveryconfidencethatIcanmanageitbefullofconfidence充满信心confidentadj 有信心的 有把握的confidentofsth confidentthat我肯定你能得到那份工作I mconfidentthatyou llgetthejob 他确信会达到目标Hewasconfidentofachievinghisaim examinev 1 调查 检查 研讨我们的行李在机场进行了安检Wehadoursuitcasesexaminedattheairport 2 测验IexaminedthestudentsinEnglishonthepreviouslessons 3 诊察 看病 examiner主考人examinee被考人 suppose1 假设假设你是总经理 在那种情况下你会怎么做Supposethatyou rethegeneralmanager whatwillyoudoonthatoccasion 2 认为think expectbesupposedto理应 应该他应该准时在那Heissupposedtobethereontime tap 1 v knockgentlytapat onsth tapsb ontheshoulder2 n 敲击声 水龙头turnon offtaptapwater自来水mineral water矿泉水 react1 reacttosb sth当地居民对这一消息表示愤怒Localresidentshavereactedangrilytothenews 我花了很长时间才反应过来Ittookmealongtimetoreact Themarketreactedbyfallingafurthertwopoints 股市的反应是再下跌两个百分点2 化学反应reactant化学反应物nuclearreactor核反应堆 brake1 n 刹车putonthebrakes踩刹车2 v Thedriverbrakedhardasthedogranontotheroad Shehadtobrakehardtoavoidrunningintothecarinfront 她不得不猛踩刹车 以免撞上前面的车 pedal1 n 踏板abrakepedal刹车踏板Shepressedherfootdownsharplyonthebrakepedal 她猛踩刹车踏板 2 v 踩踏板 骑pedalabicycle骑自行车Aboypedaledawayonhisbicycle mournfuladj 悲恸的 令人惋惜的 悲哀的Therewasamournfullookonherface Hesaidinamournfulvoice mournv 感到悲痛mournfor oversb sth 人民哀悼他们被杀害的领袖Thepeoplemournedfortheirslainleader 她为她独生子的死而哀痛Shemournedoverthedeathofheronlyson mourner哀悼者 Iwasbeingtestedforadrivinglicenceforthethirdtime 驾驶执照 课文解析 Ihadbeenaskedtodriveinheavytrafficandhaddonesosuccessfully heavy adj 重的 阴沉的 大量的 密集的 Heputdowntheheavysuitcasebythedoor Hehadaheavy sullenface Ifeltsofullaftertheheavymeal Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown Ibegantoacquireconfidence become AfterIhadbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown Ibegantobecomeconfidence Theexaminermusthavebeenpleasedwithmyperformance forhesmiledandsaid Justonemorething Mr Eames 表示对过去事物的猜测musthavedonesth bepleasedwith 对 满意 Hewaspleasedwithmyprogress Sheseemedverypleasedthathehadcome I msopleasedtohaveseeyouagain Icontinueddrivingandaftersometime theexaminertappedloudly Thoughthesoundcouldbeheardclearly ittookmealongtimetoreact Samdidn treactinanyway Iwonderedhowhe dreacttosuchadifficultquestion Theexaminerlookedatmesadly Mr Eames hesaid inamournfulvoice youhavejustkilledthatchild ina voice 以一个 的声调 inahappyvoice 开心的说inasorrowvoice 难过的说inaexcitedvoice 激动的说inacrazyvoice 疯狂的说 每句赏析 SurethatIhadpassed Iwasalmostbeginningtoenjoymytest Sure 省略结构 完整的形式应该是 Beingsure 在文中作状语表示原因 almostbeginningtoenjoy 作者信心的再次提升 考试对他来说几乎成了一种消遣 Theexaminermusthavebeenpleasedwithmyperformance forhesmiledandsaid Justonemorething Mr Eames musthave 对当时情况的推测 很有把握 for 从句点明作者作出推测的依据 Letussupposethatachildsuddenlycrossestheroadinfrontofyou AssoonasItaponthewindow youmuststopwithinfivefeet 考官设置一个情景 Icontinueddrivingandaftersometime theexaminertappedloudly loudly 声音的强度很大 Thoughthesoundcouldbeheardclearly ittookmealongtimetoreact though 引导让步状语从句 与主句的情况形成对照 作者可以很清楚地听到窗玻璃的声音 可是他似乎是忘乎所以 过了很久都没有反映过来 每句赏析 Isuddenlypressedthebrakepedalhardandwewereboththrownforward suddenly 表示作者突然间反应过来 hard 用力过猛 and 之后的句子说明结果 wereboththrownforward 两人都被抛到前面 Theexaminerlookedatmesadly sadly 考官大失所望 Mr Eames hesaid inamournfulvoice youhavejustkilledthatchild inamournfulvoice 考官用一种很悲伤的声调说话 与前文的 sadly 相对应 虽然考官只是设想一种情境 不过看到作者的表现 还是很煞有其事地用悲伤的语气告诉他 孩子给轧死了 考官的一本正经 滑稽幽默跃然之上 让文章生色不少 每句赏析 Takeabreak Keystructures 被动语态的构成 被动语态由 助动词be 及物动词的过去分词 构成 人称 数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的 现以do为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成 一般现在时 am is are done一般过去时 was were done一般将来时 will shallbe done现在进行时 am is arebeing done过去进行时 was werebeing done现在完成时 have hasbeen done 3 在使役动词have make get以及感官动词see watch notice hear feel observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时 在主动结构中不定式to要省略 但变为被动结构时 要加to 例Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding 可改为Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding 1 Hemadetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday 可改为Theboywasmadetoworkbyhimfortwohoursyesterday 2 MotherneverletsmewatchTV 改为IamneverlettowatchTVbymother 4 在被动语态中还可以用介词 动名词结构 介词 after before on 动名词这个结构通常相当于一个时间状语从句 如果两个动作中有一个在另一个开始之前已经完成 则可以用after 动名词的完成式表示第一个动作 如果只表示先后顺序 则可用after 或before 动名词结构 on 动名词通常表示两个动作几乎同时发生 Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutofthetown Ibegantoacquireconfidence 在接到把车开出城的指令后 我就开始有信心了 Themancalledthepoliceafterbeingrobbed 那人遭抢劫后给警方打了电话Hekilledachildbeforebeingarrested他在被捕前杀死了一个孩子On Afterbeingtoldthathermotherwasseriously shehurriedbacktoEngland 她得知母亲病重后连忙回到英国 被动语态用于介词 动名词结构一般不用于口语 比较正式 Iforadrivinglicenseforthethirdtime Itodriveinheavytrafficandhaddonesosuccessfully 重点整理 for表目的 for 次数 动名词与现在分词做定语的区别 动名词做定语说明所修饰名词的用途 现在分词做定语 表示所修饰名词进行的动作 awalkingstick拐杖 动名词 astickforwalking asleepingcar卧铺车厢 动名词 acarforsleeping therisingsun正在升起的太阳 现在分词 thechangingworld变化中的世界 现在分词 light wasbeingtested hadbeenasked todriveoutoftown Ibegantoacquireconfidence SurethatIhadpassed Iwasalmostbeginningtoenjoymytest 现在完成时的被动形式 Havingbeen 过去分词AfterIhadbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown Ibegantoacquireconfidence 介词短语作时间状语 主从句的主语一致时 可简化从句 在句首中省略了being 这个分词结构在句中是状语 表原因 Worriedabouthischild hedidn tsleeplastnight Ashewasworriedabouthischild hedidn tsleeplastnight 重点整理 Afterhavingbeeninstructed Theexaminermusthavebeenpleasedwithmyperformance forhesmiledandsaid Justonemorething Mr Eames Letussupposethatachildsuddenlycrossestheroadinfrontofyou AssoonasItaponthewindow youmuststopwithinfivefeet musthavebeen表示对过去事情的猜测 pleased是个形容词 常用词组是bepleasedwith suppose supposing 常用于一个句子或从句前 意思是whatwouldhappenif 用来假设一个条件或某种情况 动词要用一般现在时或一般过去时 如果用过去时 所假设的情况可能性会很小 Supposingwemissthetrain whatwillwedothen We dlovetoattendtheparty supposing if wedon thavetoworklatethatday 重点整理 2 bepleasedwith对 满意besatisfiedwithbecontentwithe g Mybossispleased satisfied content withmyworkperformance老板对我的工作表现很满意 3 performancen 表现 表演 工作情况Performvt 执行 完成 演奏vi 执行 机器运转 表演performanoperation动手术 做手术performon表演 上演 演奏opportunitytoperform实践的机会 表现机会performmaintenance修理performacontract执行合同 Isuddenlypressedthebrakepedalhardandwe Theexaminerlookedatmesadly Mr Eames hesaid inamournfulvoice youhavejustkilledthatchild ina voice以 的声调shetoldusthenewsinalowvoice havejustkilled用的是现在完成时 是想强调结果 重点整理 Icontinueddrivingandaftersometime theexaminertappedloudly Thoughthesoundcouldclearly ittookmealongtimetoreact beheard wereboththrownforward 语法学习 做状语的形容词结构示例1 IwassurethatIhadpassed Iwasalmostbeginningtoenjoymytest 我们把这两句话合并成一个句子 SurethatIhadpassed Iwasalmostbeginningtoenjoymytest 所以 我们看得很清楚 两个句子的主语 1 都是一致的 所以 可以进行简化处理 示例2 Iwaspleasedwithmyson swords Igavehim100yuan 合并 Pleasedwithmyson swords Igavehim100yuan 我们再回顾一下ing结构和过去分词结构 示例3 Itriedtoavoidmeetinghim Isetout10minutesearlierthanusual 合并 Tryingtoavoidmeetinghim Isetout10minutesearlierthanusual 示例4 Hehadeatentheapple Heaskedforanotherone 合并 Havingeatentheapple heaskedforanotherone 示例5 Theratwaskilledbyalittleboy Itwasburiedinahole 合并 Killedbyalittleboy theratwasburiedinahole 将下列句子变成被动语态 TheymadethepianoinGermanyin1681 Itoldyouhecoulddoit Ican tfindmybag Hemusthavestolenit Thepolicewerequestioningtheman Heneverexpectedtheyfoundthebicycle Ifoundhehadsenttheparcletothewrongplace 被动语态 语法学习 Iwasbeingtestedforadrivinglicenseforthethirdtime Ihadbeenaskedtodriveinheavytrafficandhaddonesosuccessfully Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown Ibegantoacquireconfidence Isuddenlypressedthebrakepedalhardandwewereboththrownforward Thoughthesoundcouldbeheardclearly ittookmealongtimetoreact a 用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空 1 Manystarscan see atnight 2 Thereportis write byoneofthebeststudents 3 Upon rob themancalledthepoliceatonce 4 Hekilledachildbefore arrest 5 On tell thathermotherwasseriouslyill shehurriedbacktoEngland 6 Shewassentabroadto train 7 Thehugebridge damage beforetheWorldWar 8 He hear tomoveaboutinherroomupstairslastnight 9 After cheat byaclient hechangedhiswayofdoingbusiness 10 Thedrivermust punish bythepolice helookedsounhappy Specialdifficulties PracticeandAdvicepracticen 反复的 练习 实践 实行practisevt vi 练习 经常做Jimmyusedtopractise playing footballeveryafternoon Shepractisesonthepianoforthreehourseveryday Hestillneedsalotofpractice Hepractisesthepianoeveryday Specialdifficulties advicen 忠告 劝告 建议 不可数名词 Shegavemesomegoodadvice apieceofadviceaboutjobs advisevt vi 劝告 向 提供提议Sheadvisedmeagainstgoingtotheparty 她建议 劝我不要去参加聚会Iwanttogiveyousomeadvice Whatdoyouadvisemetodo Specialdifficulties Enjoy EntertainandAmuseenjoyvt 欣赏 喜爱 享受 之乐 后跟名词 动名词 用于主动语态 Ienjoyswimminginsummer We rereallyenjoyingourselves entertainvt 款待 招待 请客 使 快乐 给 娱乐 amuse Weoftenentertainfriendsatweekends Specialdifficulties UncleSamentertains amusesthechildrenforhoursatatime 萨姆叔叔一连好几小时地逗孩子们乐 Mychildrencanentertain amusethemselvesforhourswithtellingstoriestoeachother amusevt 逗乐 逗笑 常用于被动语态 Shewasamusedbyherfather sfunnystories Hisstoryamusedthechildrenverymuch Specialdifficulties 过去进行时wasalmostbeginning1过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作 常和表示过去时间的状语then atthis that time yesterday atnine lastnight等连用 但在不少情况下 没有表示时间的状语 这时需要通过上下文来表示 Whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight 昨晚九点时 你在做什么 Icalledyouyesterdayafternoonbuttherewasnoanswer 昨天下午我打电话给你 但是没有人接电话 Iwasvisitingafriendofminemostoftheafternoon 我昨天下午大部分时间 都在一个朋友家里 2当两个一长一短的动作在过去某时间同时发生时 用过去进行时表示较长的动作 过去进行时可用于主句 也可用于从句 ItwasraininghardwhenIleftmyoffice 当我离开办公室时 雨下得正大 Whenyoucalled Iwaseating 你打电话时 我正在吃饭 WhenIwascleaningthewindows mybrotherwassweepingthefloor 当 我在擦窗户的时候 我弟弟在拖地 Somestudentswereplayingfootball whileotherswererunningroundthetrack 一些学生在踢足球 同时别的学生正在跑道上跑步 Wewerewalkingalongtheriverwhen suddenly Itrained 我们沿着河边散步 突然下起雨来 TheywerewatchingTVwhenthelightswentout 停电时 他们刚好在看电视 注意 同上例 3过去进行时表示过去将来的动作现在进行时可以表示将来的动作 同样 过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时间看来将要发生的动作 常用在间接引语中 ShewenttoseeXiaoLi Hewasleavingearlythenextmorning 她去看小李 他第二天一早就要离开此地了 Sheaskedhimwhetherhewascomingbacktolunch 她问他晚饭是否准备回来吃 回顾Keypoints学习要点 请同学们看下面的几个句子 试分辨它们的时态与语态 Iwasbeingtestedforadrivinglicenceforthethirdtime IhadbeenaskedtodriveinheavytrafficAfterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown Keypoints学习要点 Iwasbeingtestedforadrivinglicenceforthethirdtime wasbeingtested是过去进行时 被动 你对了吗 我们曾经学过一个句子 Itisbeingrepairedbyafriendofmyfathers isbeingrepaired是现在进行时 被动Thebicyclewasbeingsenttohishomebytrain Keypoints学习要点 2 Ihadbeenaskedtodriveinheavytraffic hadbeenasked是明显的过去完成时 被动完成 hadbeen被动 beasked这样的句型我们已经学了不少 Ihavebeenofferedalargesumofmoneyto Keypoints学习要点 3 Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftownhavingbeeninstructed是完成时 被动由于在介词after后面 后面的动词需