高考英语大一轮复习 单元知识汇总 Book 4 Unit 12 Culture Shock 北师大版.doc

book 4 unit 12 culture shock重点识记词汇1.owe vt.欠(情、债等)2.brief adj.短暂的，简短的3.expectation n.期待的事物，预期 4.get used to习惯于5.anyhow adv.总之，反正；不管怎样 6.exchange vt.兑换，交换7.majority n.大半，大多数a majority of. 多数的 8.aspect n.方面9.reasonable adj.合理的，正当的reason n.理由 10.manners n.礼貌11.modest adj.谦虚的；适度的 12.movement n.动作；活动13.give.a lift让搭车 14.request n.请求15.familiar adj.熟悉的，常见的be familiar to对熟悉 16.arrival n.到达，抵达17.cautious adj.小心翼翼的，谨慎的 18.spoken adj.口头的19.stare vi.盯着看，凝视stare at盯着看 20.see.off给 (某人)送行21.whisper vi.&n.低语，耳语in a whisper低声地 22.conduct vt.指挥；实施23.belong vi.适应；属于belong to属于，归属，来自 24.apology n.道歉，认错25.attach vt.喜欢，依恋；系，固定be attached to贴在 26.foggy adj.多雾的fog n.雾27.contrary adj.相反的；n.相反contrary to.与此相反 28.broad adj.各种各样的；广阔的29.expectation n.期待的事物，预期expect vt.预料；期待 30.forgive vt.宽恕，饶恕31.tasty adj.美味的taste v.品尝；尝起来；n.味觉32.indicate vt.表明；表示indication n.表明；标示；显示33.laughter n.笑；笑声laugh vi.笑，嘲笑34.informal adj.非正式的formal adj.正式的35.injure vt.伤害injury n.受伤injured adj.受伤的36.arrival n.到达，抵达arrive vi.到达37.absorb vt.理解，掌握；吸收be absorbed in集中精力在38.spoken adj.口头的speak vt.讲，说speaker n.演讲者，讲话人39.educator n.教育者educate vt.教育education n.教育；培训40.curiously adv.奇怪地；好奇地curious adj.好奇的curiosity n.好奇；好奇心必背经典句式1.i had a similar experience the last time i visited china.我最后一次访问中国时有一次类似的经历。2.i dont know what your expectations are of london，but knowing that youve never travelled outside of asia，i thought id tell you a bit about what you can expect to find.我不知道您对伦敦有什么期望，但是我知道您从来没有到过亚洲以外的地方旅行，所以我应该告诉您一些这里您要知道的情况。必背经典句式3.i think we should consider staying in the english countryside for a few nights as i know you enjoy hiking.我知道你喜欢远足，我想我们应该在英国乡村住几天。4.i wonder if theyll ever forgive the way theyve been treated.我想知道是否他们原谅他们已被对待的方式。构词记忆unemployment /nimplimnt/n.u失业(状态)；失业人数unaware /nwe/adj.不知道；没意识到unbelievable /nbilivbl/adj.不可相信的；难以置信的uncomfortable /nkmftbl/adj.不舒服的；不安的unconscious /nkns/adj.1.失去知觉的2.未发觉的3.无意识的.词汇与派生a语境填词1i want toexchange(交换) the book for a chinese dictionary.2our good learning habits will make us study more easily and efficiently and absorb(吸收) knowledge completely.3it is bad manners(礼貌) to talk with your mouth full.4it needs the balance of the force that cautions(告诫)，“watch，listen，review，improve.”5what he said was brief(简短的) but significant.6anyhow(不管怎样)，if we treat our friends sincerely，we are sure to be rewarded.7the majority(多数) of candidates were in favour of the proposal put forward at the meeting.8visitors are requested(要求) not to touch the exhibits which are of great value.9well have an opportunity(机会) to exchange views tomorrow.10he said they would attach(附加) conditions to the handover of the base.b用所给词的适当形式填空11the beauty of the west lake in spring was far beyond hisexpectations(expect)12it was so foggy(fog) that the driver could hardly make out the way ahead.13everybody burst into laughter(laugh) when the clown appeared in the funny hat.14this argument soundsreasonable(reason)，but actually its incorrect.15for most informal(formal) dinners，you should wear comfortable and casual clothes.16with thearrival(arrive) of their close friends，the party they held became really enjoyable.17the chinese culture has been deeply influenced by confucius，a great chinese thinker and educator(education)18the primary aim of this course is to improve yourspoken (speak) english.短语运用a用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空get used to，give.a lift，see.off，insist on，take sth.seriously，be sensitive to，be attached to，belong to，be familiar to，bring an end to, be absorbed in，stare at19.it is rude to stareat people or to point with a finger.20he insistedongoing there.21but after a while，you getusedto it and you can stay in.22an effective method to know what can make someone happy is to besensitiveto his/her concerns.23last night，i had to walk home.no one would givemealift.24as a student，you should takeyour study seriously.25he hurried to the airport to seehis friend off.26this hospitalisattachedtothe medical college nearby.27the fresh airbelongs equally tous all; we should protect it from being polluted.28these pictures arefamiliarto all who take an interest in such things.29its hoped that the talks may bringanendto the violence.30the little girl wasabsorbedin reading a tale.b用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空loads of，contrary to，in.condition, at least，in a whisper，a majority of31.michael said softly，almost inawhisper，“hannah，its michael”32amajorityof college graduates today indicate on surveys that they plan at somepoint to start their own business.33contraryto popular belief，many cats dislike milk.34shes completely homeless; atleasti have my parents to fall back on.35i provide loadsofcars to people.36they left the flat ina terribleconditionthere was a mess everywhere.经典句式37thelasttimeisawhimhe was talking to his students of his retiring at the end of the year.上次我见到他时他正向他的学生们谈他到年底退休的问题。38not knowingheraddressorphonenumber，we couldnt get in touch with her.由于不知道她的地址或电话号码，我们无法与她取得联系。39asisknowntousall，she is a famous singer.正如我们所知，她是一个著名的歌手。40i wonder if/whethericangetsomeadvicefrom you.我想知道是否我能从你这里得到些建议。1多词一义owing to，because of，on account of，due toowe sb.sth.owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物；把归功于owe it to sb.to do sth.(为了感谢某人)应该做，有义务做owing to由于i owe the garage 20 for the new tyre.因那个新轮胎我欠汽车修理厂20美元。he owes a great deal to his publishers.他对他的出版商感激涕零。夯实基础(1)he helped you a lot.you owe it to him to invite him to dinner(该请他吃顿饭).(2)owing to/because of/due to (由于) the rain，the match was cancelled.(3)he owes it to his father(归功于他爸爸)that he got the job.2 absorb v.吸收(液体、气体等)(take in)；吸引全部注意力(attract)；使全神贯注(interest sb.very much)；使并入，吞并应试指导过去分词作状语的考查多词一义be absorbed in，be buried in，be occupied in，be busy inabsorb ones attention吸引某人的注意absorb.from.从中吸收absorbed adj.被吸引住；专心致志；全神贯注be absorbed in全神贯注于be absorbed by/into被吞并(吸引)plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳并从土壤中汲取水分。she was absorbed in the book.她专心于这本书。思考题表示“全神贯注”的常见短语还有：be lost in，be buried in，fix/focus ones attention on，devote.to，concentrate ones mind on，apply oneself/ones mind to，be addicted to等。夯实基础(1)用absorb的适当形式填空when deeply absorbed in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.he had an absorbed look on his face.where is jimmy?just now i saw him sitting under the tree，absorbed in his video games.(2)he was so absorbed in tv that he forgot to sleep.absorbed in tv，he forgot to sleep. (用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)3 exchange n.交换；互换(giving and receiving)；交流(communication)；兑换；v.调换；交换；交流(communicate)；兑换(change)应试指导写作高频词汇：(1)交换生 exchange students(2)交流思想 exchange thoughts/ideasexchange a for b 拿a换bexchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物in exchange for变换；交换in exchange作为交换he exchanged a quick smile with her and then entered the lift.他和她匆匆相视一笑，然后走进了电梯。knowledge exchange is never a oneway street.交流知识绝不是一条单行道。图解助记夯实基础(1)语法填空where can i exchange my dollars for pounds?i exchanged seats with bill.he gave me an apple in exchange for a piece of cake.(2)用动词exchange改写上题句he exchanged an apple with me for a piece of cake.4curiosity n.好奇心；求知欲with curiositycuriously好奇地from/out of curiosity出于好奇be curious about对感到好奇be curious to do.极想做its curious that.是反常的；不寻常ryle accepted more out of curiosity than anything else.赖尔更多的是出于好奇才同意的。dont be too curious about things youre not supposed to know.不该知道的事别去打听。夯实基础(1)the woman in the shop had looked at them curiously.the woman in the shop had looked at them with curiosity.(用curiosity改写句子)(2)她没道别就离开了，这很反常。(翻译句子)its very curious that she left without saying goodbye.5应试指导(1)后跟非谓语动词句法功能的考查(2)虚拟语气的考查request sb.to do.请求某人做某事request sth.from/of sb.向某人要求某物request that.(should) do.要求at ones requestat the request of sb.应某人的要求she had requested that the door to her room be left open.她要求不要关闭通向她房间的门。vietnam made an official request that the meeting be postponed.越南已经正式请求将会议推迟。特别提醒动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词为(should)动词原形。夯实基础同义句改写(1)we requested mr.wang not to smoke in the office.we requested that mr.wang (should) not smoke in the office.(2)it is requested that all the club members attend the annual meeting.all the club members are requested to attend the annual meeting.6应试指导作为高级词汇替换well knownsb.be familiar with.某人对熟悉sth.be familiar to sb.某人熟悉be on familiar terms with熟悉；关系亲近的，亲密的the voice on the phone sounded familiar to me.电话里的声音我听起来很熟悉。he is a familiar figure in the neighborhood.他在这个地区是大家熟悉的人物。夯实基础语法填空(1)broadband networking technology is familiar to him.(2)you certainly seem to be on familiar terms with him.7应试指导作为高级词汇替换care多词一义be cautious，take care，be careful，look out，watch outbe cautious of/about对很谨慎be cautious to do小心做caution n.& v.小心；谨慎；警告with caution小心地caution sb.to do./against doing.警告某人做/不做caution sb.for/about sth.因某事而警告某人he is a man of caution.他为人处世谨慎。he cautioned that opposition attacks on the ruling party would not further political cooperation.他告诫说，反对派对执政党的攻击并不能增进政治合作。夯实基础(1)语法填空the governments are very cautious about setting a new policy and make no decision until they are quite sure it is the right one.the teacher cautioned him against being late.he has been cautioned(caution) not to be late several times already.(2)those numbers need to be treated cautiously.those numbers need to be treated with caution.(将cautiously改为介词短语)8多词一义belong to，own，possessbelong to属于；是的成员；应归入belonging n.所属感belongings n.所有物；财产put it back where it belongs.把它放回应放的地方。all the workers belonging to the factory must obey the rule.这个工厂的所有工人必须遵守这个规定。特别提醒belong to无被动语态，无进行时，后接名词的普通格或代词宾格。夯实基础用belong的适当形式填空(1)the book belonging to him is on the desk.(2)poetry written from the perspective of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.(3)he was identified only by his uniform and personal belongings.9 attach vt.把固定，把附在上(fasten；join)；认为有重要性，重视(value)；vi.与有联系(connect)应试指导非谓语动词句法功能的考查attach sth.to.把某物连接到/附在attach oneself to依附attach importance/significance to.重视；认为重要(有意义)attached adj.依恋的；附属于be attached to被连接到；爱慕；附属于across the stream，a man is trying to reach out on the edge of the bank for the fruit with a net attached to a pole.河对岸一个男子正把一个绑着网子的杆子伸过河岸去够水果。(北京开放作文)the old man is very attached to old customs and habits.这个老人非常依恋旧的风俗习惯。夯实基础(1)完成句子the hospital is attached to(附属于) that university.you attached great importance to(太重视) what that man said.(2)he is so attached to the network games that he often plays truant.so attached to the network games，he often plays truant.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)attaching himself to the network games so much，he often plays truant. (用现在分词短语作状语改写句子)10应试指导on/to the contrary写作过渡词汇on the contrary与此相反；恰恰相反be contrary to与相反；违反；对抗quite/just the contrary恰恰相反to the contrary与此相反地contrary to the doctors advice，he went swimming.他不听医生的忠告，跑去游泳。夯实基础语法填空(1)you didnt bother me.just the contrary，i like your company.(2)i admit that your opinion is contrary to mine.(3)brown said he was by no means annoyed；on the contrary he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.11应试指导后跟复合宾语on the spot当场；在现场be spotted with满是的斑点spot sb.doing.发现某人做she has a white dress with blue spots.她有一件白底蓝点的连衣裙。i finally spotted my friend in the crowd.我终于在人群中发现了我的朋友。夯实基础(1)the night sky is spotted with stars(满天星星).(2)i was on the spot(在现场) when the accident happened.(3)meg spotted someone coming out of(看到有人出来) the building.1used to do sth.过去曾经/常常做某事be used to do sth.被用来做某事did he use to come by bus?他过去常常坐公共汽车来吗？i used to play soccer with my brother every day.以前我每天都和哥哥踢足球。夯实基础(1)i used to get up late in the morning，but now i am used to getting up early.我过去早晨起床很晚，但是现在我已习惯于早起了。(2)i am still not used to using the knife that is used to cut bread.我仍不习惯使用那把用来切面包的刀子。2see through看穿；识破see to负责；照料；处理see to it that.确保see.as把看作i am to see off mr.brown this afternoon.今天下午我要为布朗先生送行。we must see to it that the men are sent before midnight.我们要确保在午夜前将这批人员派出去。夯实基础用see短语的适当形式填空(1)ill see to it that he will not be late tomorrow.(2)he could see through her lies.(3)this was seen as an attempt to fool the voters.(4)anne saw terry off at the station.1 i dont know what your expectations are of london，but knowing that youve never travelled outside of asia，i thought id tell you a bit about what you can expect to find.我不知道您对伦敦有什么期望，但是我知道您从来没有到过亚洲以外的地方旅行，所以我应该告诉您一些这里您要知道的情况。现在分词短语作原因状语，该动词与句子的主语之间为主动关系；若是被动关系，则需用过去分词作状语。现在分词的完成式作状语时，用having done，其否定形式为not having done。现在分词短语作原因状语时，相当于as，since，because引导的原因状语从句。living far from the school，i have to get up early every morning.由于住的离学校较远，每天早晨我都要早早地起床。not knowing where i lived，he had to ask the way.因为不知道我住在哪里，他只好问路。夯实基础(1)语法填空having been asked (ask) to work overtime that evening，i missed a wonderful film.pressed (press) from his parents，and realizing (realize) that he has wasted too much time，the boy is determined to stop playing video games.(2)because he had finished all his homework，mike went to play football with his friends.having finished all his homework，mike went to play football with his friends.(用现在分词短语作原因状语改写句子)2 would you mind giving me and my schoolmate a lift to school？你能让我和我的同学搭你的车去上学吗？mind表示“介意，反对”，常用于下列句型：would/do you mind doing.？请你做好吗？would/do you mind ones doing.？某人做你反对吗？would you mind if.did.？某人做你介意吗？do you mind if.do.？某人做你介意吗？应注意该句型的答语：表示不介意多使用：of course not./certainly not./no，not at all./no.go ahead./no，please do./no，i dont.；如果表示介意、反对，常用下列说法回答：im sorry，but youd better not./im sorry，but its not allowed./sorry，but i do.。never mind可用于下列三种情况：回答别人的道歉；安慰别人；谢绝别人帮忙。它不用来回答含有mind的问句。do you mind if i use your phone?介意我用一下你的电话吗？would you mind if i went ahead of you?你介意我走在你前头吗？夯实基础do you mind me using your pen?do you mind if i use your pen？(改为复合句)3 单元语法语法填空(1)i avoid meeting (meet) him，because i dont like him.(2)i cant afford to buy (buy) the car.(3)i didnt mean to hurt (hurt) you.(4)in some places，missing a bus means waiting (wait) for another hour.(5)the man standing(stand) by the door is my english teacher.(6)the result of the game was disappointing (disappoint).(7)dont keep the children working (work) on their lessons all day.(8)the fire lasted a whole night，causing (cause) great damage.高考题组.短文改错(2014四川)hello，boys and girls！today，i am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off.if you hear the alarm，stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside.stay close to your teacher and classmate.dont panic or get out of line，and trying to remain quiet and calmly.soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire.if its a false alarm and there is no fire，your teacher will lead us back to the classroom.if you notice that when someone is missing and hurt，tell your teacher immediately.答案hello，boys and girls！today，i am going to talk what you should do when a fire alarm off.if you hear the alarm，stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside.stay close to your teacher and .dont panic or get out of line，and to remain quiet and .soon the firefighters will come and put out fire.if its a false alarm and there is no fire，your teacher will lead back to the classroom.if you notice that when someone is missing hurt，tell your teacher immediately.写作常用句翻译1.相反，志愿者们坚持说他们已经厌倦了地球上的生活。(contrary)(2013广东基础写作)on the contrary，volunteers insist that they have got tired of the life on the earth.2.不念旧恶也是一种美德，尤其在这样一个竞争激烈、压力巨大的社会中。(forgive)(2012江苏书面表达)it is also a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressful society.3.他从小就没有离开过父母，因此他不习惯独自处理学校里的一切事情。(be/get used to)(2011广东读写任务)he has never left his parents since he was a child，so he didnt get used to dealing with everything in school independently.模拟题组.语法填空1.tony lent me the money，hoping (hope) that id do as much for him.2.the lecture，starting (start) at 7：00 pm last night，was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.3.onethird of the country is covered (cover) with trees and the majority of the citizens are (be) black people.4.volunteering is becoming increasingly (increasing) popular in china.yeah，people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves.5.she was so absorbed (absorb) in her job that she didnt hear someone knocking at the door.6.both students and parents appreciate the great importance schools have attached to eyesight protection.7.professor williams keeps telling his students that the future belongs (belong) to the welleducated.8.in my opinion，life in the twentyfirst century is much easier than it used to be.9.the country life he was used to has changed (change) greatly since 1992.10.how did he break his head while swimming?ignoring (ignore) my warning，he dived straight into the shallow water.单句改错1.she owes to herself to finish the work by the end of the day.owes后加上it2.he forgot all about his homework completely，having absorbed in the computer games.去掉having3.he didnt turn up at last，just as expecting.expectingexpected4.at arrival，they got down to the work immediately.aton5.he lay on the ground，stared into the distance.staredstaring6.where is the bag belongs to me？belongs前加上that/which或把belongsbelonging7.we paid a visit to a hospital attached beijing university.atta