中考英语单词(动词).doc

accept v.接受；赞同；欢迎；听从近义词辨析：accept 和receiveaccept 是“接受、认可“的意思，是收到并接受；receive 有”收到“的意思，但不一定接受。e.g. I received a lot of gifts on my birthday, but I didnt accept any.生日那天我收到许多礼物，但是我并没有收下任何礼物。achieve v. 实现；达到；完成 act n. & v. 行为；举动;假装 ；短语：1.act as担任(起.作用)词性转换：actor/actress n.男演员/女演员action n. 行动；有能量；行为；e.g.We must take action right now, otherwise well be late我们现在就得采取行动了，否则就迟到了。active adj. 积极的；短语：1. take an active part in : 积极参加 e.g. I dont think everyone should take an active part in the socialactivities.我认为并不是所有的人都应该积极参与到社会活动中去。activity n. 活动；工作；职业allow v.准许；允许；给予 短语：1. allow sb to do sth2.allow doingavoid n.避开;逃脱begin (began, begun) v. 开始；着手； begin withbeginning n.开端；起点；起源 at the beginning ofcelebrate v. 庆祝；举行cheat v.欺骗；骗取collect v.收集；采集；积累come (came, come) v. 来；来临；实现；短语：1. come down 下来，落；e.g.Please come down to the floor. 请下到地面上来。 2.Come on! （表示激励）加油！快！ 3. come out 发行，出版；指（花儿）开放。 4. come ture 实现 5. come up with 找到，提出（答案、解决办法等）。e.g.The boss hopes you can come up with a better plan than this.老师希望你们能提出更好的计划来。communicate v.交际，传达（感情，信息等）communication n.传达；信息company n.公司；人群；合伙者compare v.把比做；对照 短语：1.compare with. 把与进行比较competition n. 竞争；比赛complete adj. & v. 完整的；十足的consider v.考虑；细看 短语：1.consider doing 考虑做.continue v. 坚持不懈；待续 短语：1.continue doing 继续做.control v.指挥；控制；管理 短语：1.be in control 管理，支配 2.be out of control失控decide v.决定；下决心短语：1.decide on 决定decision n. 决定；判决短语：1.make a decision 作出决定depend v. 取决于；依赖 短语：1.depend on 取决于develop v. 使发展；培育；生长；发育； 词型转换：developing发展中的 developed发达的development n. 开发；发展；e.g. The development of the medicine industry will take several years. 医药工业的发展要经过几年的时间。discover n. 找到；发现discovery n.发现；发觉disturb v. 搅乱；中断；使烦恼encourage v. 鼓励；督促短语：1.encourage sb to lose weight鼓励某人减肥expect v.预料；期望expensive adj.昂贵的 ；价高的 experience n. 经历；体验experiment n.实验 ；试验explain v. 解释；阐释 explanation n.解释；说明express v. 表达；表述fail v. 失败；忽视 短语： fail in sth. 在某事物中失败 例如：I passed in maths but failed in French. n. failure 失败；不成功fall (fell, fallen) v. 落下；摔倒；短语：1.fall asleep 入睡 2. fall behind 落后 3. fall ill 患病，病倒 4. fall in love with 喜欢 I went to Shanghai last year and fell in love with it. 5. fall off 摔倒 He fell off his bike. 他从车上摔了下来。 n. (US)= autumn 秋天 ; (pl.) 瀑布Niagara Falls 尼亚加拉瀑布feel (felt, felt) v. 摸索；感知 例如：feel cold, hungry, comfortable, happy etc.感到冷，饿， 舒服，快乐等 短语：feel like doing 想要, 感觉要相当于want to do/ would like to do 例如： I feel like having a drink.我想喝点酒。 feeling n.知觉；触觉fill v.装满；布满 短语： 1. fill with 充满；装满 例如：fill a hole with sand 用沙子把洞填满get (got, got) v. 获得；收到； 短语：1. getback 退还;送回去;取回; 返回，回到某地；回复某人（电话，信笺）2.get close (to) 接近 3.get down 降下 The farmers are getting the crops in. 农民们正在收割庄稼。 4. get in the way 妨碍 5. get off 下车。例如：We will get off at the next bus stop . 我们将在下一站下车。 6. get on 上车。 例如：I get on the train every moning at 6:30.我每天早晨六点半上火车。 7.get on / along (well)with 和相处（很好）。 例如：How are you getting along with your classmates？你和你的同学相处的如何？ 8get together 聚会，联欢 例如：We must get together for a drink some time. 我们得找时间聚聚喝上一杯。 give (gave, given) v. 送给；捐赠； 短语：1. give a hand 助一臂之力，给帮助。例如：Could you give me a hand with these boxes?你能帮我搬箱子吗？ 2. give a ring / call; 给打电话。 3. give away 免费送出；赠送 例如：He gave away most of his money to charity. 他把大部分钱都捐赠给慈善事业了。 4. give back 归还 例如：Could you give me back my pen? 你把那支笔还给我好吗？ 5. give birth to 生（孩子）。例如：She gave birth to a girl last night. 昨晚她生了一个女孩。 6. give in 上交；呈交；屈服；让步；例如：Please give your exam papers in to your teacher when you finished.考卷答完后请上交给老师。 Shes a brave player, she never gives in. 她是个勇敢的选手，从不屈服。 7. give out 分发；散发 例如：The teacher gave out the test papers. 老师发了考卷。 8. give up 放弃，停止；例如：Cant you give up smoking? 你难道就不能戒烟吗？guess v. 猜测；估计guest n. 客人；宾客 hear (heard, heard) v.听见；听取； 短语 : 1. hear about/ of 听说: 例如：Ive ever heard of someone doing that.我曾经听说过有人做那种事。 2. hear from 接到来信。例如：I often hear my old friends. 我经常收到老朋友的来信。 近义词辨析：listen to / hear / soundimagine v.想像；幻想 例如： Imagine a house with a big garden. 设想有一所大花园的房子。 Imagine that you are in London. 想象一下你正在伦敦。insist v.坚持； 例如：Her parents insisted on speaking to the headmistress.她父母坚持要和女校长谈话。 短语：insist on something 坚持做某事。例如：She will insist on washing her hair just when I want to have a bath.正当我要洗澡的时候，她偏要去洗头。keep (kept, kept) v. 保存；留有；短语：1. keep on doing something一直做某事。e.g.I shouted to him but he just keep on writing. 我向他喊话，可是他一直继续写字。 2. keep out 不许进入，抵挡在外。 e.g.Those trees can keep out the strong wind. 那些树木可以抵御狂风。 3.keep away from 不靠近 4.keep a secret 保守秘密 5.keep a diary 记日记 6.keep+adj. 保持某种状态 e.g. Schools keep closed for about two months in summer. 暑期学校停课约两个月。 7. keep+n. 保存，保管. e.g. Could you keep these books for me, please? 你能替我保管这些书吗？ 8. keep off 勿踏; 勿踩近义词辨析：1.keep doing sth. / keep on doing sth.keep doing sth. 是“继续不停地做某事”e.g. They keep working on the problem till 2 oclock this morning. 他们就这个问题一直工作到今天凌晨两点钟。keep on doing sth. 意思是“继续反复做某事”，on 用来强调动作的反复、持久，有时可以和keep doing sth.互换。e.g. In the following years, Marx kept on studying English and using it. 此后的几年里，马克思继续学习和应用英语。2.borrow / keepborrow属暂短性动词，其动作不能延续，不能和表示时间段的状语连用；而keep可以跟时间段连用。e.g.You can keep the book for three days. 这本书你可以借三天。 He borrowed the book three days ago. 他是三天前借的这本书。laugh n. & v. 笑；发笑 短语：laugh at sb./ sth. 因而发笑、嘲笑。lead (led, led) v.带领走 短语：1. lead sb. to sth. 引导某人、影响某人的言行 e.g.What led you to this conclusion? 你是怎样得出这结论的？ 2. lead to sth. 导致某种结果 e.g.This misprint led to great confusion. 这个印刷错误造成了很大的混淆。 3. lead sb. to do 导致某人做某事 e.g.What led you to think so? 什么使你这样想？ 4. lead to sp. 通向，引领 e.g.The road leads to the biggest room. 这条路通向最大的房间。 5. lead a life 过着的生活leader n.领导；首领lift v. 举起；提高 n. 电梯 短语：1.take the lift 搭电梯 2.give sb. a lift 搭顺风车look v. .看望；打量； 短语 : 1. look after 照看，照顾。e.g. My friend looked after my cat while I was on holiday.在我去度假的时候，我的朋友照料我的猫。2. look at 看。e.g. May I have a look at it please? 请让我看一看好吗？ 3. look for 寻找。e.g. Mother is looking for her gloves. 母亲在找她的手套。4.look up 查（字典），查找。e.g. While reading, do not look up the new words in the dictionary all the time. 阅读时，不要老是查字典。5.look back on 回顾 e.g.She always looks back on his childhood. 她总是回顾童年。 6. look down on sb / sth. 鄙视，看不起 e.g.She looks down on people whove never been to university. 她瞧不起没上过大学的人。 7.look forward to sth. / doing sth. 期待 e.g.Were so much looking forward to seeing you again. 我们非常盼望再见到你。 8.look into 调查，观察 e.g. A working party has been set up to look into the problem. 已成立工作组调查该问题。 9. look out 留心 e.g.Look out for pickpockets. 小心扒手。 10. look over 检查 e.g.We must look over the house before we decide to rent it. 我们必须先察看一下这所房子再决定租不租。 11.look round 参观、游览 e.g. Shall we look round the cathedral this afternoon? 我们今天下午参观大教堂好吗？ 12. look through 快速阅读 e.g. She looked through her notes before the exam. 考前她匆匆看了一眼笔记。 13. look like 像 的样子 e.g. It looks like salt and it is salt. 看着像盐也的确是盐。14. look ahead 向前看，展望未来make (made, made) v. 创造；做 近义词辨析： make / produce / do / let 1.make, produce, 作“生产、制造”讲时，二者可以互换。 e.g. They produce cars in the factory.(They make cars in the factory)这家工厂生产轿车。 2. make 与do 二者表示不同的“做”，通常说做一个 动作， 用do来表示，而做一种以前并不存在的东西，则用makee.g. -What are you doing? 你在做什么？-Im cooking. 我在包饺子。 3. make与let “让”的意思。Let一词含有提出建议的意思，而make一词则带有强制性，命令的意味。e.g.Mum let me stay at home last night.昨晚妈妈让我呆在家里。短语：1. make (good)use of 好好利用 e.g. We should make good use of the knowledge we have. 我们应该充分利用我们的知识。2. make a contribution to 贡献给，捐赠3.make a decision 做出决定4.make a mistake 犯错误5.make a telephone call (to )（给）打电话6. make a face 做鬼脸7. make friends 交朋友8. make sure 确保，确认 9. make up 组成，占。e.g.Are all animal bodies made up of cells? 所有动物的身体都是细胞组成的吗？10.make up for 祢补，补偿。 e.g.Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence. 勤能补拙。11.make up ones mind 下决心。e.g.We make up our mind to study hard. 我们决心好好学习。12. be made of 由组成。(看得出原料) e.g.My table is made of wood. 我的桌子是木头制成的。13. be made from由组成。(看不出原料) e.g.Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。14. make noise 发出令人不愉快的声音15.make ones living 谋生 e.g.He makes his living by giving piano lessons. 他以教授钢琴为生。marry v.结婚；嫁娶 短语：1.marry sb. 和某人结婚 e.g.John is going to marry Jane. 约翰将要和简结婚。2. be/get married 结婚e.g.They got married last month. 他们上个月结婚了。 3. be/get married to 跟某人结婚 e.g.He is going to get married to her. 他要和她结婚。offer v. & v.提供；供销售 短语：1 offer tea 上茶 2 offer sb sth =offer sth to sb提供某人某物eg.The man will offer us the money .eg.The man will offer money to us .那个男人会提供我们资金。pass v.前行；通过；经过 短语 1. pass the message to sb 传递某人信息 2.pass on 传递 3.pass sb sth =pass sth to sb 传递某人某物pay (paid, paid) v.付钱；偿还； 短语：1. pay for 付给， 支付； 2. pay a visit (to) 访问；eg. When can they pay a visit to the headmaster?他们什么时候能访问校长？ 3. pay attention to 注意：eg. Why didnt you pay attention to the question mark?你为什么不注意问号呢？permission n. 短语：1 without permission 没经过允许2 ask sbs permission 请求某人允许pick v. 精选；采摘；挑选； 短语：1.pick up 拾起。eg. There is a pen on the floor. Let me pick it up.地上有支笔，我来捡。practice n. 习惯行动；练习；短语：1.put into practice 实施，实行。2.practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。practise v.经常做；练习；实践；短语：1.practice doing sth 练习做某事 eg. I often practice speaking english at home .我经常在家练习说英语。prefer v 短语：1. perfer to . 比 更喜欢eg. I prefer red to blue.比起兰色，我更喜欢红色。2.perfer doing to doing比做某事 更喜欢做某事eg. I prefer to playing football to playing v olleyball,比起打排球我更喜欢题足球。prepare v.准备；预备 短语：1.prepare for 为而准备 eg. The parents are preparing for the coming new year.父母们正在为新年做准promise n. & v. 承诺；保证 短语：1.keep a promise 遵守诺言：eg. He never keeps his promise. Dont believe vide v.供应；提供 短语：1.provide sb with sth 提供某人某物2.provide sth for sb提供某人某物raise v.暗 举起；使升高 短语：1.raise ones eyes 举目观看 2.raise ones voice against sb/sth坚决的发言而反对某人或某事物。reach v.伸出；延伸 ；到达 相当于 短语：1.get to / arrive in/arrive at 2.reach ones hand 出手 3.reach sb. Sth. 给某人某物4.with easy reach of 在容易达到 的地方：在 的附近regret n. & v.遗憾；抱歉；后悔 短语：1.give/sent ones regrets adj regretful 痛惜的 悔恨的 regretable 另人痛惜的 另人遗憾的require v.需要；规定 (不用于进行时态) e.g. All cars requires servicing reqularly 词型转换：n. requirement 短语：1.make some requirementsresearch n.研究；探讨 短语：1.research into /on sth 2.research on sb share v.共享；分配； 短语：1. have a share in 分担 2. share and share alike 事事均分 3. share sth. with sb. 与人分享某物，在某方面有共同之处。solve v.解答；解释 eg: Help me to solve my mathematical problems.请帮助我解决这些数学问题。 n.解释，答案 短语：1.solution to sth 解决问题的方法spend (spent, spent) v花费；使用. . 短语：1.spend .on sth 用钱 ，花钱 2.spend .(in )doing sth 花