英语人教版八年级下册现在完成时态知识串讲.doc

现在完成时态: 构成: 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他。 否定式: 主语 + havent/hasnt + 过去分词 + 其他。一般疑问式: Have /Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定) No, 主语 + havent/hasnt.(否定)一、现在完成时态用法一： 动作发生在过去，一直延续到现在，可能还会继续。（如图） 现在该用法中常用词：for, since, how long. 例如：for后跟时间段，since 后跟过去时间点或者是过去时态的句子。How long have you learned English?I have learned English for ten years. I have learned English since ten years ago. 注意：此用法中还要注意，因为要表示动作一直延续到现在，所以主句中的动词要选择表延续性的动词。例如： He has been dead for ten years.（be dead是die的延续性词） He has been away for two hours. (be away是leave的延续性词)常见瞬间动词与延续动词的转换：come / go / arrive/ get to/reach - be in s.p.leave be away buy have die be dead borrow keepjoin sth. be in sth. come back be back begin to do sth do sth ( begin to work work )begin - be on become sth. be sth. 二、现在完成时用法二： 表示过去某个动作发生过，对现在造成影响。(如图) 现在此用法中常用词有：already, yet, just, before, lately, recently, ever/never, so far。(注意：already, just常用于肯定，yet 常用于疑问和否定，其他词都可以。)例如： He has already come back. He has just come back. He hasnt come back yet. Have you ever read this novel? Have you heard from him recently? 注意： 此用法中的动词多表示瞬间性动词，也有延续性动词出现，但是要正确理解其含义。例如： He has died. 他已经去世。 He has been dead. 他去世过。 He has married. 他已婚。 He has been married. 他结过婚。 三、现在完成时态用法三：表示动词重复到现在，可能还会继续。（如图） 现在此用法中常用词有：数词，次数（once, twice）。例如： I have made five phone calls today. I have been to Beijing three times. He has read the book twice. 注意： 区别 have been to sp. 和 have gone to sp. have been to sp. 表示去过某地已回来；have gone to sp. 表示去某地了，还未回。 现在完成进行时态：构成： 主语+ have/ has + been doing 否定： 主语+ have / has + not + been doing 一般疑问：Have / Has + 主语 + been doing 简略回答： Yes, 主语 + have/ has. No, 主语 + havent/ hasnt. (此时态可以换成现在完成时态，相当于现在完成时态中的第一种用法。)present perfect tense by Dong Huijuan一、 teaching aims:1、 language focus: know the structure of the tense and how to use the tense.2、 Language Skills: can summarize the knowledge that youve learned.3、 Moral goals: help each other in learning.二、 Teaching procedures.step 1: readingAn exciting trip Why is Tim finding this trip exciting? I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.Find the sentences with perfect tense A、_B、_C、_D、_E、_F、_Step 2: according to these sentences ,find out the structure of present perfect tense. Step 3: the meaning of the tense.Step 4: think of some signal wordsStep 5:动词延续性非延续动词延续性动词非延续性动词延续性动词borrow keepopenBe openbuyhaveleaveBe away frombecomebedieBe deadPut on wearfinishBe overMove to Live inreturnBe backrecognizeknowFall inBe in Begin/startBe onFall asleepBe asleepCome/goBe hereget to/arrive/reachBe(in)Come backBe backGet to knowknowGo/get outBe out Get upBe upCatch a coldHave a coldGet marriedBe marriedStep 6:1. My brother and I _in Yinchuan since 1997.A. had lived B. have lived C. live D. will live2Our English teacher is very nice. We _friends since three years ago.A. were B. became C. have been D. have made3._Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? _Yes, since she _the Chinese Society.A. joined B. joins C. has joined D. have joined4. How long have you _the bike? _ For about two weeks.A. bought B. had C. borrowed D. learnt5.Jackson _school two years ago and he _for two years.A. leaves; has gone B. left ; has been away C.leaves; has been away D. left; has goneStep 7 anwser 1. Only one of these statements is true. Which one? A. The writer has been in Australia for six months. B. Tim is a worker and hes working in Australia. C. Tim is working for an Austrian firm. D. Tim is working for a big firm as an engineer.2. Tim is in Australia. How long _there? A. is he B, has he been C. has he D. was he 3. Tim has been in Australia for six months. His brother hasnt seen him _January. A. for B. since C. from D. by 4. He has