历史类提纲3.doc

1861-1865 Lincoln Civil War Homestead Act abolition of slavery 时间 事件 人物 文件公元前1000年-公元前100年Celts(凯尔特人)入侵不列颠岛公元前55年 Caesar（罗马人凯撒）入侵不列颠岛 Caesar （凯撒） 公元前55年-公元5世纪末Caesar(罗马人凯撒)入侵不列颠 约120年修建 Hadrian Wall（哈德良长城）Roman Emperor Hadrian (罗马皇帝哈德良)约450年-1066年Germanic Tribes （日耳曼部落）中的Angles（盎格鲁人）, Saxons（撒克逊人）, Jutes(朱特人)入侵不列颠7世纪初入侵的日耳曼部落建立起七国，史称Heptarchy（七国时代）870年Alfred the Great (阿尔弗雷德大王)击败入侵的Danes（丹麦人）1066年黑斯廷之战(Hasting Battle) ,Duke William of Normandy (法国的诺曼底公爵威廉)击败英国国王哈罗尔德（Harold），占领英格兰，史称诺曼底征服（Norman Conquest） 1215年签订限制王权的Great Charter（大宪章）约翰王King John Great Charter大宪章 1337-1453年英法百年战争（The Hundred Years War）英王爱德华三世（Edward III）首先发起战争1348-1350年黑死病（black death）爆发,英国人口减少三分之一1455-1485年玫瑰战争（Wars of Roses）交战双方是兰开斯特家族（Houses of Lancaster, 由红玫瑰代表) 和约克家族（ York House，由白玫瑰代表） 1534年英王亨利八世（ Henry VIII） 通过至尊法案，宣称英国国教 (Church of England)摆脱罗马教皇控制，英王就是英国教会首脑英王亨利八世（ Henry VIII）至尊法案Act of Supremacy1588英国击败西班牙无敌舰队(Armada)164251英国内战（The English Civil War） 查理一世（Charles I）被斩首，克伦威尔（Cromwell）上台执政1688光荣革命Glorious Revolution 推翻詹姆士二世（James II）统治，权力法案Bill of Rights1775-1783The Seven Years War(七年英法战争), 法国战败，英国获得法国北美的殖民地 巴黎和约Peace Treaty of Paris1780-1830工业革命The Industrial Revolution 瓦特（James Watt）改良蒸汽机1836-1848工人阶级争取政治权利的“宪章运动”（The Chartist Movement） 1837-1901维多利亚女王在位时期Victorian Age Queen of Victoria1914-1918The World War I Britain joined the Entente countries against central powers 1939-1945The World War I Britain joined Allies(同盟国) against Axis（轴心国）Winston Churchill was the war-time prime minister and Nobel Prize winner for literature. 时间 事件 人物 文件 1492Discovery of New Continent Christopher Columbus哥伦布 1607First English colony was founded at Jamestown, VirginiaCaptain John Smith 斯密斯船长 1620102 Puritans, to escape religious persecution, sailed in a ship called Mayflower arrived at PlymouthWilliam Bradford 布莱德福特Mayflower Compact 五月花号公约 1774the first Continental Congress（第一次大陆会议） was held in Philadelphia 1775the battles of Lexington （来克星敦） broke out and the War of Independence began. 1775The second Continental Congress(第二次大陆会议) was held in Philadelphia and the Congress founded a Continental Army and Navy under the Command of George Washington.George Washington.1776.7.4the Declaration of Independence was first drafted by Thomas Jefferson and adopted on July 4th, at a session of the second Continental CongressThomas JeffersonJohn AdamsBenjamin FranklinRobert LivingstonRoger ShermanDeclaration of Independence1777American Troops defeated the British at Saratoga, a turning point of the war. 1783the Treaty of Paris was signed, in which Britain recognized the independence of AmericaTreaty of Paris 巴黎条约 1788the United States Constitution 美国宪法 was ratified 1789The first American Federal Government（第一届联邦政府） was established; 1789The Bill of Rights, forbidding federal restriction of personal freedoms and guaranteeing a range of legal protections, was adopted.Bill of Rights 人权法案 1803bought Louisiana from France1818bought Florida from Spain 1840sAnnexed(吞并) Texas, New Mexico and California from Mexico 1861-1865American Civil WarAbram Lincoln Homestead Act宅地法; Proclamation of Emancipation 解放黑奴宣言 1863the Union Army(联邦军队) under the command of General Grant defeated the Confederate Army(邦联军队) at Gettysburg, the turning point of the Civil War.Gettysburg Address 葛底斯堡演说 1867bought Alaska from Russia 1898Defeated Spain and annexed Hawaii 1929-1933Great Depressio