高考英语阅读理解抓分练习（42）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习（42）及答案(河北普通高中教学质检)former irish president mary robinson was just making a polite conversation with an ethiopian(埃塞俄比亚的)teenager about her wedding day.the 16yearold had already been married for a year.“she looked at me with the saddest eyes and said，i had to drop out of school，”robinson said in a telephone interview.“that conveyed to me the reality，”said robinson，the first woman to serve as irelands president and former un.high commissioner for human rights.“her life，as far as she is concerned，had more or less ended.”robinson said keeping girls in school was one of the most important things policymakers could do to address the coming challenges of an everincreasing population，predicted by the united nations to reach 7 billion soon.“european countries are concerned about aging populations，but this is much less of an issue than the huge number of people which we are going to see over the next 40 years when the population goes from 7 billion to 9 billion，”she said.“almost all of that increase will be in poor developing countries，so that we have a very big challenge.”family planning experts worry in particular about the future population explosion in subsaharan africa.in may，the united nations projected the world population would reach 9.3 billion in 2050 and 10.1 billion by 2100.much of that growth will come from africa，where the population is growing at 2.3 percent a yearmore than double asias 1 percent growth rate.if that rate stays consistent，which is not certain，africas population will reach 3.6 billion by 2100 from the present 1 billion.joel cohen，a professor of population studies at rockefeller university and columbia university in new york，said universal secondary education offered a way to reduce population in high birth rate regions.in addition to providing information about birth control，a secondary education teaches women to reduce their own fertility，improve the health of their children and allows them to move from a mindset of having many children in the hope that some will survive to improve the quality of each childs life，cohen wrote in the journal nature.60in the first paragraph，the author introduces his topic by _.agiving an example bexplaining the authors opinionscdescribing the poor education system dcoming straight to the topic61what can we learn from the passage?arobinson is happy after talking to the ethiopian girl.brobinson is a successful expert in population studies.crobinson is worried about the population growth.drobinson encourages female education.62what is joel cohens view about secondary education?ait provides basic knowledge of health.bit reduces aging population.cit makes people pay more attention to education.dit can change peoples parenting ideas.63according to the passage，the most important way to control high population growth is _.alet girls go away from africa bkeep girls in schoolclet young girls remain single dkeep girls in families60a在本段中，作者以爱尔兰前总统与埃塞俄比亚的一位已婚少女的交谈为例引入话题，所以a项正确。61c第二段引号中的内容提到“欧洲国家担心出现人口老龄化问题，但与人口快速增长相比，这算不了什么。几乎所有的人口增长都发生在发展中国家，这将是一个巨大的挑战”。由此可推断她担心的是人口增长问题。62d由最后一段的最后一句可知，joel cohen在自然杂志中写到中学教育可以改变人们的育儿理念。63b根据第二段第一句前半部分中的内容可知，控制人口快速增长的最重要的方式之一是让女孩儿上学。*结束 (2012长春第一次调研)from now on，never spend your precious time thinking of reasons for your failures and shortcomings.instead，realize that the seeds of success were planted within you when you were born.only you have the power to make those seeds grow.the seeds，and the power to grow them，are contained in the most awesome machine ever created：the human mind.success is a choice but not a chance.you were born a winner.you were born rich.you can be a success if only you make the right choice.you cannot be successful without first developing your selfconfidence.your level of selfconfidence is always based on the degree of control over yourself，and thus over your life.people with low selfconfidence are people who do not believe that they have any power，or responsibility for their lives.they are leaves tossed(摇摆)by the winds.everything happens as a result of something.if we can identify the cause，we can control the effect.we are responsible for what we choose to think and believe.one generally rises to the level that one expects.we are responsible for setting our expectations.if you associate with positivethinking people，you are definitely going to achieve success.on the contrary，the opposite happens.we are responsible for finding，planting，and nurturing the seeds that contain future victory，born from setbacks.in short，in all areas of your life，whether they are financial，physical，emotional，or spiritual，you are responsible.once you recognize this，accept it，and firmly believe it，you are on the road to success.64people with low selfconfidence are compared to leaves because they _.aare ready to change their minds bare easily affected by windy weathercdont have the power to face their fate dcant control themselves in life65the last paragraph serves as _.aan example of negative attitudes bthe conclusion of the argumentcan introduction to another topic da comparison between two views66which of the following might be the best title for the text?asuccess is a choice bthe secrets of successcdevelop our confidence dhow to achieve success64d由文章第三段提到的“your level of selfconfidence is always based on the degree of control over yourself，and thus over your life.”可推知，自信程度取决于对自我的掌控程度，所以选d项。65b由最后一段的大意及标志词语“in short”可知，最后一段主要是对观点的总结和归纳，所以选b项。66a第二段是本文的主题段，主要告诉读者“成功是一个选择”，所以a项正确。b项与d项概括得过于宽泛；而c项则只是成功的条件之一，故排除。*结束 homeownership has let us down.for generations，americans believed that owning a home was undoubtedly good.our political leaders hammered home the point.franklin roosevelt held that a country of homeowners was“unconquerable”homeownership could even save babies，save children，save families and save america.a house with a lawn and a fence wasnt just a nice place to live in or a riskfree investment；it was a way to transform a nation.no wonder leaders of all political types wanted to spend more than $100 billion a year on subsidies and tax breaks to encourage people to buy.but the dark side of homeownership is now all too apparent：indeed，easy lending stimulated by the cult of homeownership may have triggered the financial crisis.housing remains a drag on the economy.existinghome sales in april dropped 27% from the prior month，worsening fears of a doubledip.and all that is just the obvious tale of a housing bubble and what happened when it popped.the_real_story_is_deeper_and_darker_still.for the better part of a century，politics，industry and culture lined up to create a fetish of the idea of buying a house.homeownership has done plenty of good over the decades；it has provided stability to tens of millions of families.yet by idealizing the act of buying a home，we have ignored the downsides.in the bubble years，lending standards slipped dramatically，allowing many americans to put far too much of their income into paying for their housing.and we ignored longerterm phenomena too.homeownership contributed to the hollowing out of cities and kept renters out of the best neighborhoods.it fed americas overuse of energy and oil.it made it more difficult for those who had lost a job to find another.perhaps worst of all，it helped us become casually selfdeceiving：by telling ourselves that homeownership was a pathway to wealth and stable communities and better test scores，we avoided dealing with these frightening issues headon.now，as the us.recovers from the biggest housing bust(破产)since the great depression，it is time to rethink how realistic our expectations of homeownership areand how much money we want to spend chasing them.many argue that homeownership should not be a goal pursued at all costs.67political leaders wanted to spend money encouraging people to buy houses because _.aowning a home was undoubtedly good bhomeownership was unconquerablechouses could save families and america dhomeownership could shape a country68the underlined sentence in para.2 means _.ahomeownership has quite a lot of bad effectsbthere might be another housing breakdown in the us.cthe existinghome sales will keep decreasing in the us.dthe result of homeownership is much worse than it appears69it can be inferred from para.3 that _.ait is hard for americans to get a home loanbit is the way to wealth to have ones own housecmany americans choose to live out of urban areasdhomeownership has made many people out of work70what is the authors attitude towards homeownership?afavorable. bambiguous. ccautious. doptimistic.67d根据文章第一段中的“homeownership could even save babies.save america.a house with a lawn and a fence wasnt just a nice place to live in or a riskfree investment；it was a way to transform a nation.”可知，住房拥有率对一个国家有着很大的影响，d选项符合文意。68d根据画线部分前的“existinghome sales in april dropped 27% from the prior month，worsening fears of a doubledip.and all that is just the obvious tale of a housing bubble and what happened when it popped.”可推知，画线句子表示住房拥有情况比表面上还要糟糕得多。故答案选d项。69c根据文章第三段中的“homeownership contributed to the hollowing out of cities and kept renters out of the best neighborhoods.”并结合上下文语境可知，许多美国人选择住在市区以外。故答案选c项。70c通读全文并结合最后一段可知，住房拥有率是一个敏感的话题，一个可能关系国家兴衰的话题。作者在谈及这方面的问题时一直持谨慎的态度。故答案选c项。 阅读理解when students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their importance, the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list.music is nice，people seem to say, but not important. too often it is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly not an education priority (优先). this view is shortsighted. in fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students.music tells us who we are. because music is an expression of the beings who create it, it reflects their thinking and values, as well as the social environment it came from. rock music represents a lifestyle just as surely as does a schubert song. the jazz influence that george gershwin and other musicians introduced into their music is obviously american because it came from american musical traditions. music expresses our character and values. it gives us identity as a society.music provides a kind of perception (感知) that cannot be acquired any other way. science can explain how the sun rises and sets. the arts explore the emotive (情感的) meaning of the same phenomenon. we need every possible way to discover and respond to our world for one simple but powerful reason：no one way can get it all.the arts are forms of thought as powerful in what they communicate as mathematical and scientific symbols. they are ways we human beings“talk” to each other. they are the language of civilization through which we express our fears, our curiosities, our hungers, our discoveries, our hopes. the arts are ways we give form to our ideas and imagination so that they can be shared with others. when we do not give children access to an important way of expressing themselves such as music，we take away from them the meanings that music expresses.science and technology do not tell us what it means to be human. the arts do. music is an important way we express human suffering, celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love.so music education is far more necessary than people seem to realize.【文章大意概括】音乐课在学校课程设置中被学生家长认为可有可无，无足轻重；但是音乐有着丰富的内涵，是学校教育必不可少的组成部分，请重视音乐课吧。1、according to paragraph 1, students_.a. regard music as a way of entertainmentb. disagree with their parents on educationc. view music as an overlooked subjectd. prefer the arts to science【详解剖析】事实细节题。根据第一段第三句“too often it is viewed as mere entertainment.”可知。【最佳选项】a2、in paragraph 2，the author uses jazz as an example to_.a. compare it with rock musicb. show music identifies a societyc. introduce american musical traditionsd. prove music influences peoples lifestyles【详解剖析】推理判断题。根据第二段the jazz influence.is obviously american because it came from american musical traditions.以及第二段最后一句it gives us identity as a society.可知，音乐可以识别一个社会。【最佳选项】b3、according to the passage ，the arts and science_.a. approach the world from different anglesb. explore different phenomena of the worldc. express peoples feelings in different waysd. explain what it means to be human differently【详解剖析】推理判断题。由第四段第二句“they are ways we human beings talkto each other.”可知。【最佳选项】a4、what is the main idea of the passage?a. music education deserves more attention.b. music should be of top education priority.c. music is an effective communication tool.d. music education makes students more imaginative.【详解剖析】主旨大意题。文章阐述了音乐的内涵、音乐的功能、音乐的重要性，所以音乐课是需要我们特别重视的。【最佳选项】a第三部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。a(2012河北普通高中教学质检)thank you for your interest in volunteering with the city of melbournes tourism program.if you would like to receive an email advising you of the next recruitment session，please email .au.volunteering with tourism melbournevolunteers play a vital role in the city of melbournes tourism services.they provide information on melbourne for around two million visitors each year.their love and knowledge of the city and victoria add to melbournes reputation as a friendly，welcoming and culturally vibrant(有活力的)city.the city of melbournes tourism branch generally conducts two volunteer recruitment intakes each year for the following tourism programs：city ambassadorsmelbourne visitor booth at bourke street mallmelbourne visitor centre at federation squaremelbourne greeter serviceplaces are limited and potential volunteers must participate in a selection process based on the following criteria.volunteers must be：passionate about melbournecustomer service focusedfamiliar with computeravailable for one fourhour shift(either morning or afternoon)each week for a minimum of one yearteam players who love meeting peopleable to demonstrate a commitment to the city of melbournes value