GRE模考六-带答案.doc

GRE模考六SECTION 1Verbal ReasoningTime- 30minutes20 Questions（单空）1. The National Archives contain information so _ that researchers have been known never to publish because they cannot bear to bring their studies to an end. (E8.10)(A) divisive (B) seductive (C) selective (D) repetitive (E) resourceful题目（单空）1. The National Archives contain information so _ that researchers have been known never to publish because they cannot bear to bring their studies to an end. (E8.10)9610s4(A) divisive (B) seductive (C) selective (D) repetitive (E) resourceful翻译国家档案包含的信息如此诱人，以至于研究者从来没想过要出版，因为他们不能忍受结束他们的研究。解析(A)分裂(B)诱人(C)选择性(D)重复(E)足智多谋选B有because后面研究员不想结束研究可以得知这项研究的特征为褒义词，只有B项最合适。（单空）2. Thomas Paine, whose political writing was often flamboyant, was in private life a surprisingly _man: he lived in rented rooms, ate little, and wore drab clothes. (E2.2)(A) simple (B) controversial (C) sordid (D) comfortable (E) discourteous题目（单空）2. Thomas Paine, whose political writing was often flamboyant, was in private life a surprisingly _man: he lived in rented rooms, ate little, and wore drab clothes. (E2.2)(A) simple (B) controversial (C) sordid (D) comfortable (E) discourteous翻译翻译：托马斯潘恩的政治作品通常非常华丽，但是在个人生活中却是简朴得令人吃惊：他居住在租来的房子里，吃的很少，并且穿着褪色的衣服。 解析分析：本题有两个思路，空格填入一个形容词，表示Thomas Paine在“个人生活（private life）”中的特点，supprisingly表示句子中含有矛盾，所以空格填和“华丽（flamboyant）”相反的含义。同时，冒号后的解释也可以归纳出他的生活特点是“简朴的”。A简单的，朴素的；B有争议的；C破烂肮脏的；D舒服的；E无礼貌的。A选项正确。（单空）3. The constitutional guarantee for free Speech may have been aimed at protecting native Speakers of English from censorship，but it is not a great _ to interpret it as protecting the right to express oneself in any natural language or dialect (E3.9)(A)enigma (B)extension (C) sacrifice (D) condemnation (E) attenuation题目（单空）3. The constitutional guarantee for free Speech may have been aimed at protecting native Speakers of English from censorship，but it is not a great _ to interpret it as protecting the right to express oneself in any natural language or dialect (E3.9)(A)enigma (B)extension (C) sacrifice (D) condemnation (E) attenuation翻译立法保障言论自由可能是意在保护英语为母语的人摆脱审查制度，但是，它不能被拓展理解为保护用任何语言或方言的每一个人表达自己的权利。解析选B.but之前说宪法保护了母语为英语的人的言论自由，but之后说对于任何语言的人来说，它不是什么，很明显是一种拓展。（同义）4. Ecology, like economics, concerns itself with the movement of valuable_ through a complex network of producers and consumers. （E9.5）(A) commodities (B) dividends (C) communications (D) goods (E) nutrients (F) artifacts题目（同义）4. Ecology, like economics, concerns itself with the movement of valuable_ through a complex network of producers and consumers. （E9.5）(A) commodities (B) dividends (C) communications (D) goods (E) nutrients (F) artifacts翻译生态学，就像经济学一样，考虑的是有价值的物品在生产者和消费者之间的复杂网络流动的问题。解析分析：空格要填入的是一个名词，它需要在生产者和消费者的网络中流动，like表达类比的含义，因此空格应该表达的是经济学和生态学共有的特点。A商品，物品；B股息；C通讯，信息；D货物；E营养品；F人造物品。经济学讨论的是商品在市场的流动，生态学讨论的是自然物品在生态环境的流动，因此答案是A（同义）5. Some scientists argue that carbon compounds play such a central role in life on Earth because of the possibility of_ resulting from the carbon atoms ability to form an unending series of different molecules. (E9.9)(A) diversity (B) deviation (C) variety (D) reproduction (E) stability (F) invigoration题目（同义）5. Some scientists argue that carbon compounds play such a central role in life on Earth because of the possibility of_ resulting from the carbon atoms ability to form an unending series of different molecules. (E9.9)(A) diversity (B) deviation (C) variety (D) reproduction (E) stability (F) invigoration翻译翻译：一些科学家认为，因为碳化合物的多样性，它们对地球上的生物起到了核心作用，这种多样性来自碳原子具有构成大量不同分子的能力。解析分析：根据解释模式，空格后的分词短语应该体现空格的含义。后面说碳原子能“形成大量不同的分子”，可以体现两个特征：一是“多”，二是“不同”，任意出现一个就是正确答案。(A)多样性(B)偏差(C)品种(D)复制(E)稳定(F)坚定不移 答案为C选项。（同义）6. Animals that have tasted unpalatable plants tend to_ them afterward on the basis of their most conspicuous features, such as their flowers. （E12.1）(A) recognize (B) hoard (C) trample (D) retrieve (E) identify (F) approach题目（同义）6. Animals that have tasted unpalatable plants tend to_ them afterward on the basis of their most conspicuous features, such as their flowers. （E12.1）(A) recognize (B) hoard (C) trample (D) retrieve (E) identify (F) approach翻译那些吃到了难吃的植物的动物在此之后都会靠这些植物的显著特征，如它们的花，来识别它们。解析分析：空格要填入一个动词，表示“动物（Animals）”对“它们（them）”做的动作，on the basis of表达因果关系，空格应该填一个和“显著特征（conspicuous features）”有关的，或者说可以依靠“显著特征”来做的一件事情。(A)识别(B)囤积(C)践踏(D)检索(E)识别(F)方法。A选项正确。（同义）7. Demonstrating a mastery of innuendo, he issued several_ insults in the course of the evenings conversation. (E12.6)(A) blunt (B) veiled (C) fallacious (D) boisterous (E) disguised (F) embellished题目（同义）7. Demonstrating a mastery of innuendo, he issued several_ insults in the course of the evenings conversation. (E12.6)(A) blunt (B) veiled (C) fallacious (D) boisterous (E) disguised (F) embellished翻译在晚上的对话中，他说出很多含沙射影的侮辱语言，体现了他强大的暗讽能力。解析分析：空格要填入的是一个形容词，修饰insults，分词短语表示前后一致，空格和insults与innuendo语义对应，因此空格表达“隐含，含沙射影”的含义。(A)冲(B)含蓄(C) 谬误(D)喧闹的 (E)伪装(F)装饰 答案应该是B。（多空）8. A perennial goal in zoology is to infer function from_, relating the_ of an organism to its physical form and cellular organization. (E21.4)A size D ancestry B structure E appearance C location F behavior题目（多空）8. A perennial goal in zoology is to infer function from_, relating the_ of an organism to its physical form and cellular organization. (E21.4)A size D ancestry B structure E appearance C location F behavior翻译翻译：动物学永恒的目标是根据结构推测功能，即把生物的行为和其物理结构和细胞组织关联起来。解析分析：本题是一个很简单的“四元素模式”，因此，空格1和“物理结构与细胞组织（physical form and cellular organization）”语义对应，空格2和“功能（function）”语义对应。逗号前后两部分没有反义和否定存在，所以两个空格都应该体现和对应语义的同义重复。A大小D祖先B结构E外观C位置F行为选项B,F正确。（多空）9. When theories formerly considered to be_ in their scientific objectivity are found instead to reflect a consistent observational and evaluative bias, then the presumed neutrality of science gives way to the recognition that categories of knowledge are human_. (E22.2)A disinterested D imperatives B callous E errors C verifiable F constructions题目（多空）9. When theories formerly considered to be_ in their scientific objectivity are found instead to reflect a consistent observational and evaluative bias, then the presumed neutrality of science gives way to the recognition that categories of knowledge are human_. (E22.2)A disinterested D imperatives B callous E errors C verifiable F constructions翻译根据埃及和巴比伦影响了晚期希腊文明的证据，把希腊科学家的工作视为完全独立的创作这种观点是错误的。钱人的刻薄的语言描述，这个作者显得憎恶这个被她描述得很肤浅的社会。解析分析：空格1填入形容词，修饰“理论（theories）”，instead to表达对比关系，因此空格1表达和“偏见”相对的含义，即“无偏见”。 A无私的 D要务B无情 E错误C可核查的 F结构A，F选项为正确答案。（多空）10. The myth persists that in 1492 the Western Hemisphere was a (i)_ and that it was European settlers who harnessed and transformed its ecosystems. But scholarship shows that forests, in particular, had been altered to varying degrees well before the arrival of Europeans. Native populations had (ii)_ much of the forests to successfully cultivated stands, especially by means of burning. Nevertheless, some researchers have maintained that the extent, frequency, and impact of such burning was (iii)_. (E40.1)题目（多空）10. 这个题没有选项！The myth persists that in 1492 the Western Hemisphere was a (i)_ and that it was European settlers who harnessed and transformed its ecosystems. But scholarship shows that forests, in particular, had been altered to varying degrees well before the arrival of Europeans. Native populations had (ii)_ much of the forests to successfully cultivated stands, especially by means of burning. Nevertheless, some researchers have maintained that the extent, frequency, and impact of such burning was (iii)_. (E40.1)翻译解析（逻辑）Astronauts who experience weightlessness frequently get motion sickness. The astronauts see their own motion relative to passing objects, but while the astronauts are weightless their inner ears indicate that their bodies are not moving. The astronauts experience is best explained by the hypothesis that conflicting information received by the brain about the bodys motion causes motion sickness. 11. Which one of the following, if true, provides the strongest additional support for the hypothesis above? (A) During rough voyages ship passengers in cabins providing a view of the water are less likely to get motion sickness than are passengers in cabins providing no view. (B) Many people who are experienced airplane passengers occasionally get motion sickness. (C) Some automobile passengers whose inner ears indicate that they are moving and who have a clear view of the objects they are passing get motion sickness. (D) People who have aisle seats in trains or airplanes are as likely to get motion sickness as are people who have window seats. (E) Some astronauts do not get motion sickness even after being in orbit for several days.经常体验失重的宇航员会晕动病。相对于移动的物体，宇航员看到了自己的运动，但是当失重时，宇航员的内耳判断他们的身体没有在运动。宇航员的经历能够被这样的假设最好的解释，即关于身体运动的相互矛盾的信息被大脑接受引起了晕动病。11。 下列哪一个,如果是真的,能够为上述的假说提供最强有力的支持？(A)在恶劣的水上航行中的，在机舱中看到水的景象的乘客比没有看到景象的乘客不容易晕船。(B)许多有经验的飞机乘客们偶尔会晕机。(C)内耳判断出他们正在运动而且看清楚他们正在经过的物体的乘车者会晕车。(D)人在火车或飞机的走廊的座位可能比坐在窗边的人更容易晕。(E)一些宇航员不会晕，,即使在轨道上好几天。答案：A条件：内耳由于失重认为没有运动，视觉上看到了参照物认为身体在运动结论：大脑收到了矛盾的信息，引起晕动病。解析：本题为加强题，正确选项应该能够在条件结论之间架设桥梁使二者的逻辑关系更加的有力。首先排除无关选项B和E,本题的逻辑关系和经验无关，E项更是跑题，所以排除。剩下的三个选项都是在说不失重，也就是内耳判断身体在运动的情况下，晕动和视觉之间的关系。A项说看到景象不容易晕，也就是视觉也判断身体在运动，和内耳信息一致时不容易晕，相当于原文条件结论的双重否定，所以能够加强原文的逻辑关系。而C和D都是在说，视觉和内耳同时判断运动是容易晕，其实是在否定原文的结论。（长阅读）9510The term “remote sensing” refers to the techniques of measurement and interpretation of phenomena from a distance. Prior to the mid-1960s the interpretation of film images was the primary means for remote sensing of the Earths geologic features. With the development of the optomechanical scanner, scientists began to construct digital multispectral images using data beyond the sensitivity range of visible light photography. These images are constructed by mechanically aligning pictorial representations of such phenomena as the reflection of light waves outside the visible spectrum, the refraction of radio waves, and the daily changes in temperature in areas on the Earths surface. Digital multispectral imaging has now become the basic tool in geologic remote sensing from satellites.The advantage of digital over photographic imaging is evident: the resulting numerical data are precisely known, and digital data are not subject to the vagaries of difficult-to-control chemical processing. With digital processing, it is possible to combine a large number of spectral images. The acquisition of the first multispectral digital data set from the multispectral scanner (MSS) aboard the satellite Landsat in 1972 consequently attracted the attention of the entire geologic community. Landsat MSS data are now being applied to a variety of geologic problems that are difficult to solve by conventional methods alone. These include specific problems in mineral and energy resource exploration and the charting of glaciers and shallow seas.A more fundamental application of remote sensing is to augment conventional methods for geologic mapping of large areas. Regional maps present compositional, structural, and chronological information for reconstructing geologic evolution. Such reconstructions have important practical applications because the conditions under which rock units and other structural features are formed influence the occurrence of ore and petroleum deposits and affect the thickness and integrity of the geologic media in which the deposits are found.Geologic maps incorporate a large, varied body of specific field and laboratory measurements, but the maps must be interpretative because field measurements are always limited by rock exposure, accessibility and labor resources. With remote-sensing techniques it is possible to obtain much geologic information more efficiently than it can be obtained on the ground. These techniques also facilitate overall interpretation. Since detailed geologic mapping is generally conducted in small areas, the continuity of regional features that have intermittent and variable expressions is often not recognized, but in the comprehensive views of Landsat images these continuities are apparent. However, some critical information cannot be obtained through remote sensing, and several characteristics of the Landsat MSS impose limitations on the acquisition of diagnostic data. Some of these limitations can be overcome by designing satellite systems specifically for geologic purposes; but, to be most effective, remote-sensing data must still be combined with data from field surveys and laboratory tests, the techniques of the earlier twentieth century.12.By using the word “interpretative” in line 40, the author is indicating which of the following?(A) Some maps are based more on data from aerial photography than on data from field operations.(B) Some maps are based almost exclusively on laboratory measurements.(C) Some maps are based on incomplete data from field observations.(D) Some maps show only large geologic features.(E) Some maps can be three-dimensional.答案C题型目的题关键词/对应原文Geologic maps incorporate a large, varied body of specific field and laboratory measurements, but the maps must be interpretative because field measurements are always limited by rock exposure, accessibility and labor resources.翻译地质地图汇集了数量繁多、形形色色的一整套具体的实地和实验室测量，但这些地图必须是可解释的，因为实地测绘总是受到岩石裸露，可到达程度，以及劳力资源的限制。选项解析题干：通过在40行使用的“可解释的”一词，本文作者要指出下列何种情形？选项：A. 有些地图较多的依据空中拍摄的图像，而较少依赖实地作业B. 有些地图几乎完全依据实验室的测量C. 有些地图所依据的是来自实地观察中的不完整数据D. 有些地图仅仅反映出大规模的地质特征E. 有些地图可以是三维立体的解析：作者说受限，表示有不可靠的地方相关题目背景/拓展13.With which of the following statements about geologic mapping would the author be most likely to agree?(A) Geologic mapping is basically an art and not a science.(B) Geologic mapping has not changed significantly since the early 1960s.(C) Geologic mapping will have limited practical applications until remote-sensing systems are perfected.(D) A developmental milestone in geologic mapping was reached in 1972.(E) Without the present variety of remote-sensing techniques, geologic mapping could not be done.答案D题型推断题关键词/对应原文The acquisition of the first multispectral digital data set from the multispectral scanner (MSS) aboard the satellite Landsat in 1972 consequently attracted the attention of the entire geologic community.翻译因此，1972年首批多谱线数字数据的获得此数据由安装在Landsat卫星上的多谱线扫描器发送出来吸引了整个地质学界的注意。选项解析题干：关于地质测绘，本文作者最可能同意下列哪项陈述？选项：A. 地质绘图基本上是一门艺术，而非科学B. 地质测绘自20世纪60年代初期以来没有发生重大变化C. 除非遥感系统得以完善，否则，地质测绘将只具备有限的实际用途D. 地质测绘在1972年达到了一个发展史上的里程碑E. 倘若没有目前一系列的遥感技术，地质测绘就无法进行解析：依据acquisition of the first multispectral和attracted the attention of the entire geologic community可知作者的态度相关题目背景/拓展14.According to the passage, measurements of which of the following can be provided by the optomechanical scanner but not by visible-light photography?(A) The amount of visible light reflected from oceans(B) The density of foliage in remote areas on the Earths surface(C) Daily temperature changes of areas on the Earths surface(D) The degree of radioactivity emitted by exposed rocks on the Earths surface(E) Atmospheric conditions over large landmasses答案C题型细节题关键词/对应原文With the development of the optomechanical scanner, scientists began to construct digital multispectral images using data beyond the sensitivity range of visible light photography. These images are constructed by mechanically aligning pictorial representations of such phenomena as the reflection of light waves outside the visible spectrum, the refraction of radio waves, and the daily changes in temperature in areas on the Earths surface.翻译随着光机械扫描器的研制发展，科学家开始构造数字化或多谱线图像，利用那些超出可见光摄影术敏感范围的数据。这些图像的构建，主要是通过以机械的手段对各种现象的图像再进行调整，这些现象包括光波在可见光谱之外的反射，放射波的折射，地球表层某些地区的温度变化。选项解析题干：依据文章所述，对下列哪一事物的测量可由光机械扫描器提供，而无法由可见光摄影提供？选项：A. 自海洋折射的可见光数量B. 地球表面偏僻地区的树叶密度C. 地球表面某些地区的日常温度变化D. 地球表面裸露的岩石所释放的放射物程度E. 大片陆地上空的大气状况解析：原文可得相关题目背景/拓展15.It can be inferred from the passage that a major disadvantage of photographic imaging in geologic mapping is that such photography(A) cannot be used at night(B) cannot focus on the details of a geologic area(C) must be chemically processed(D) is always enhanced by digital reconstruction(E) cannot reflect changes over extended periods of time答案C题型推断题关键词/对应原文The advantage of digital over photographic imaging is evident: the resulting numerical data are precisely known, and digital data are not subject to the vagaries of difficult-to-control chemical processing.翻译数字成像比诸于摄影成像，其优点是显而易见的：所产生的数字数据可被精确地了解，并且数字数据不会受到那难于控制的化学处理处理的不规则变化的影响。选项解析题干：从文中可推知，地质测绘中摄影成像术的一大缺点是，这类照片选项：A. 无法在夜间使用B. 无法集中在某一地质地域的局部细节上C. 必须通过化学手段来处理D. 总是通过数字还原而得到增强E. 无法反映出长时间的变化解析：因为数字成像的优势是不受化学变化的影响，故摄影成像的缺点是受化学手段处理相关题目背景/拓展16.It can be inferred from the passage that Landsat images differ from conventional geologic maps in that Landsat images(A) reveal the exact size of petroleum deposits and ore deposits(B) indicate the continuity of features that might not otherwise be interpreted as continuous(C) predict the movements of glaciers(D) provide highly accurate data about the occurrence of mineral deposits(E) reveal the integrity of the media in which petroleum deposits and ore deposits are found答案B题型推断题关键词/对应原文Since detailed geologic mapping is generally conducted in small areas, the continuity of regional features that have intermittent and variable expressions is often not recog