湖南省长沙市高考英语阅读理解一轮精选练习（3）.doc

湖南省长沙市2016高考英语阅读理解一轮精选练习（3）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a.b.c和d项中，选出最佳选项。a different sort of generation gap is developing in the workplace. someone - specifically the father-daughter team of larry and meagan johnson - has figured out that on some american job sites, five generations are working side by side. in their new book about generations in the workplace the pair argue that while such an age difference adds a lot of texture and a variety of life experiences, it can also bring tensions and conflicts.the johnsons are human-resource trainers and public speakers. dad larry is a former health-care executive; daughter meagan is a onetime high-level sales manager.here are the oldest and youngest of the five generations they identify:they call the oldest group traditionals, born before 1945. they were heavily influenced by the lessons of the great depression and world war two. they respect authority, set a high standard of workmanship, and communicate easily and confidently. but theyre also stubbornly independent. they want their opinions heard.at the other extreme are what the johnsons call linksters, born after 1995 into todays more complicated, multi-media world. they live and breathe technology and are often social activists.you wont find many 15-year olds in the offices of large companies, except as volunteers, of course, but quite old and quite young workers do come together in sales environments like bike shops and ice-cream stores.the johnsons, larry and meagan, represent a generation gap themselves in their work with jobsite issues. the johnsons point is that as the average lifespan continues to rise and retirement dates get delayed because of the tight economy, people of different generations are working side by side, more often bringing with them very different ideas about company loyalty and work values.the five generations are heavily influenced by quite different events, social trends, and the cultural phenomena of their times. their experiences shape their behavior and make it difficult, sometimes, for managers to achieve a strong and efficient workplace.larry and meagan johnson discuss all this in greater detail in a new book, “generations, inc.: from boomers to linksters - managing the friction between generations at work,” published by amacom press, which is available in all good bookstore from this friday.1. the type of generation gap in paragraph 1 refers to the difference in beliefs _.a. between managers and workers b. among family membersc. among employees d. between older and newer companies2. which of the following statements is not true about traditionals?a. theyve learned much from war and economic disaster.b. theyre difficult to work with as they are stubborn.c. they respect their boss and hope to be respected.d. theyre independent workers with great confidence.3. according to the passage, the linksters are usually _.a. found working in the offices of large companiesb. influenced by media and technologyc. enthusiastic multi-media activistsd. ice-cream sellers4. according to the passage, modern workforces are more diverse because _.a. people want to increase their average lifespanb. many young people are entering the workforcec. employees with different values can benefit their companiesd. retirement dates are being delayed for economic reasons5. whats the main purpose of the passage?a. to promote a new book by larry and meagan johnson.b. to describe the five different workplace generations.c. to introduce the johnsons research about diverse workforces.d. to identify a major problem in modern workforces.【参考答案】15、c b b d a 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a.b.c和d项中，选出最佳选项。although april did not bring us the rains we all hoped for, and although the central valley doesnt generally experience the sound and lightning that can go with those rains, its still important for parents to be able to answer the youthful questions about thunder and lightning.the reason these two wonders of nature are so difficult for many adults to explain to children is that they are not very well understood by adults themselves. for example, did you know that the lightning we see flashing down to the earth from a cloud is actually flashing up to a cloud from the earth? our eyes trick us into thinking we see a downward motion when its actually the other way around. but then, if we believed only what we think and we see, wed still insist that the sun rises in the morning and sets at night.most lightning flashes take place inside a cloud, and only a relative few can be seen jumping between two clouds or between earth and a cloud. but, with about 2,000 thunderstorms taking place above the earth every minute of the day and night, theres enough activity to produce about 100 lightning strikes on earth every second.parents can use thunder and lightning to help their children learn more about the world around them. when children understand that the light of the lightning flashing reaches their eyes almost at the same moment, but the sound of the thunder takes about 5 seconds to travel just one mile, they can begin to time the interval (间隔) between the flash and the crash to learn how close they were to the actual spark (闪光).1. according to the author, in the area of the central valley_. a. rains usually come without thunder and lightning. b. it is usually dry in april c. children pay no attention to the two natural wonders. d. parents are not interested in thunder an lightning.2. we believe that lightning is a downward motion because_. a. we were taught so by our parents from our childhood. b. we are taken in by our sense of vision. c. it is a common natural sight. d. it is a truth proved by science.3. what is true about lightning according to the passage? a. only a small number of lightning flashes occur on earth. b. lightning flashes usually jump from one cloud to another. c. lightning travels 5 times faster than thunder. d. there are far more lightning strikes occurring on earth than we can imagine.4. the underlined word “activity” is most closely related to the word (s) _. a. cloud b. lightning strikes c. lightning flashesd. thunderstorms5. it can be concluded from the passage that _. a. we should not believe what we see or hear. b. things moving downward are more noticeable. c. people sometimes may have wrong ideas about ordinary phenomena. d. adults are not as good as children in observing certain natural phenomena.【参考答案】15、abddc 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。american actor johnny depp can best be described as unconventional. from his early life, his path into acting and even in his choice of movie roles，we can see that depp has seldom taken the easy road. his willingness to take risks and do the unexpected has made depp one of the few hollywood actors able to achieve huge commercial success while maintaining his artistic reputation.born in 1963，depp was somewhat troublesome as a youth,.occasionally turning to petty-crime and drugs. when his parents divorced in 1978，depp dropped out of school against his mothers wishes and started a music band called the kids. although the band achieved some success, they were seldom able to make ends meet， with depp often unable to pay his rent, sleeping rough on friends sofas and even in his car.in 1983，the ever-optimistic depp and his new wife, lori anderson, moved to hollywood california to further depps musical career. but life there continued to be a struggle and depp was forced to take a job selling pens door to door to support his new family. his luck changed when loris ex-boyfriend, the famous actor nicholas cage, impressed by depps good looks and intelligence, suggested he become an actor and helped him get a small part in a movie. several other minor movie roles and a divorce from lori followed，before depp got his big break three years later. he landed the leading role in the television series 21 jump street，playing a youthful undercover police officer. the hugely popular show turned depp into a teenage heartthrob overnight. he appeared on the cover of countless magazines and was much sought after by movie producers, eager to exploit his popularity with teenage girls.but depp left 21 jump street after three years, when it was at the height of its popularity, later admitting that he hated the shows unoriginal storylines and his “pretty boy” character. in the decade that followed, depp rejected repeated offers of “pretty boy” roles in big-budget hollywood films. instead he established himself as a serious, somewhat dark, peculiar performer, consistently selecting roles in smaller, independent films that surprise critics and audiences alike.even in the movie that made depp an international superstar, the pirates of the caribbean (2003 )，he was barely recognizable as captain jack sparrow, the british，long-haired golden-toothed pirate. this and subsequent hit movies have placed depp at the very top of the commercial film industry ( with a pay-check of $20 million for each such movie) but he still continues to make the smaller, stranger films for which he is so greatly admired.41.as a youth, depp could be described as a _.a.serious criminal b. trouble maker c. drug addict d. successful musician【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。第二段“depp was somewhat troublesome as a youth, occasionally turning to petty-crime and drugs.“ depp 作为一个青年有点麻烦，偶尔还会犯点小罪和吸毒。这说明他是一个惹事生非的人。故选b。42.the underlined expression “make ends meet” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to 。 a. get together after a showb. meet their audiencec.play to the endd. earn enough to live【答案】d【解析】词义猜测题。后半句“with depp often unable to pay his rent, sleeping rough on friends sofas and even in his car.” “depp 经常不能付租金，睡在朋友的沙发上甚至是车里。”说明他们经常入不敷出， 也就是很少能收支相抵。即挣不到足够的钱来生活。故选d。43.in which order did the following events take place in depps life?a.met nicholas cageb.started a band called the kidsc.played a british pirated.sold pens door to doore. got married to lori anderson f. starred in a tv showa. d, b, e, a，c, fb. b，e，d，a，f，cc.a, b, f，c, d, ed. e，d, a，c，f, b【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。这几个事件最先出现的是第二段的“started a music band called the kids.”他开创了这个乐队。故选b。44.why did depp leave the tv show 21 jump street ?a.the show was no longer popular.b.he wanted to perform in movies.c.he thought the show was terrible.d.he rejected planned changes to his role.【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。第四段“later admitting that he hated the shows unoriginal storylines and his “pretty boy” character.” “后来确认，他讨厌这个节目模仿的故事情节和他漂亮男孩的角色。”可以看出，他离开21 jump street，是因为他认为这个节目很糟糕。故选c。45.depps choice of movie roles throughout most of his career suggests that _.a.he valued interesting work over moneyb.he believed he couldnt play pretty boy” roles wellc.he was very popular with hollywood movie producersd.he was more interested in shocking audiences than entertaining【答案】a【解析】推理判断题。文章最后一句话，尽管depp位于商业电影的顶端，但他任然继续制作那种他所倾慕的更小，更陌生的电影。可见与钱相比，depp更注重对工作的兴趣。故选a。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。since the end of world war i (wwi) in 1918，canadians, and millions of others around the world have paused at the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month to honour the sacrifices our soldiers have made in different wars, fighting for the freedoms that we all enjoy today. known as remembrance day, the day originated as a tribute to the soldiers of wwi， a dark period for our young country, which claimed the lives of over 60,000 military personnel and civilians and over 16 million dead worldwide.as there are no more surviving soldiers of wwi，today we rely on the wisdom and words of those soldiers who fought in the wars that followed，and this day now also recognizes their heroic contribution.they tell us to always remember what those brave souls fought for, and all they ask in return is that we never forget.thats why we wear the red poppy (罂粟花);thats why when we see a soldier in uniform we should stop him or her and say “thank you” ; thats why we take a pause from our busy lives for two short minutes today to honor that request.yet this message is fading away, year after year.take for example the terrible decision to allow parents to excuse students from remembrance day ceremonies at school.not only is this disrespectful, it distances the student from his or her classmates.it is difficult to understand why any canadian parent would want to remove their child from the time-honored tradition of reading the poem in flanders fields, while a wreath of poppies is laid.it is more important than ever to teach school-aged children about our history，no matter how violent it was. sheltering them from the realities of war is a great disservice.understanding why conflicts happened, or happen today, can help shape choices and decisions they make as adults.of course, because we live in a free society, we cannot force an individual to do something. it is unfortunate, but some parents now have their child “opt-out” of the services. these people should be reminded they are free to make such choices only because of the men and women the rest of us are remembering.36.which of the following is true about remembrance day?a.its only held in canada.b.its ceremony lasts 11 hours.c.it falls on november 11th each year.d. its to celebrate the countrys independence.【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。第一段讲“自从1918年第一次世界大战结束，加拿大和数百万世界各地人，都在每年第11个月的第11天的第11个小时（也就是11月11日11时）停下来，向为我们今天所享受的自由而战，在不同的战争中牺牲的战士表示敬意。”故选c。37.which of the following is not mentioned as a remembrance day activity today?a.stopping at 11a.m. to remember the war dead.b.listening to stories told by wwi soldiers.c.wearing a red poppy to show respect.d.showing gratitude to soldiers in uniform.【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。第一段，提到人们在每年11 月11 日11时停下来纪念阵亡战士，即a。第五段“thats why we wear the red poppy (罂粟花);thats why when we see a soldier in uniform we should stop him or her and saythank you”。提到戴红罂粟花和向穿制服的军人说谢谢，即c和d。整篇文章没有提到听一战战士讲故事。故选b。38.what can we learn from the passage?a.wa