【精选】七选五解题技巧和方法课件.ppt.ppt

七选五任务型阅读解题技巧,Gap-filling,Gap-filling,高考英语专题复习:,精,在一篇约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项(均为完整的句子)中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。试卷中题干表述如下：根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和篇章结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）命题形式体现了新课标“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。”的阅读学习和教学理念。选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）过渡性句子（文章结构）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）,题型简析,精,七选五解题技巧,精,细节类题型解题技巧,篇章结构类的解题技巧,解题技巧,精,方法,看文章结构找关键词找逻辑关系排除法,精,Step1Structure文章结构,精,BeaninventorThebiggestsecretaboutinventingisthatanybodycandoit!Perhapsthissoundscrazy,butitstrue.Maybeyouhavethewrongideaaboutinventing,soreadontodiscoverthetruth.,大标题,大标题短小精悍，大写,1,精,小标题短小精悍，结构一致,BeontimeWhenmeetingsomeonefor.IntroduceyourselfandaskfornamesMakesureyouproperly.Smile!Itstheeasiestwaytoletsomeoneknowthatyourenice!Befun!Listen!,小标题,2,精,Smile!Itstheeasiestwaytoletsomeoneknowthatyourenice!Befun!Listen!_Askpeoplewhotakeclasseswithyourquestionsaboutwhattheystudytoday.A.Change!B.Askaquestion!C.Classworkisagreaticebreaker.D.Say“hello”andseewhathappens.E.Anddontjusttalkaboutyourselfallthetime.F.Eventheshyestpersoncanmanagealittlesmile.G.Weallpreferspendingtimewithpeoplewhomakeusfeelhappy.,B,2,精,Befun!,_Thinkaboutthepeopleyoumostenjoybeingwithusuallytheyarealwaysontheupandup.Beingfunmakespeoplehappyandbrightensthewaytheythinkofyou.Itmakesyouseemlikeyoutrulylovelifeandyoucandealwithanyproblemsthatyouhavetoface.Change!Askaquestion!Classworkisagreaticebreaker.Say“hello”andseewhathappens.Anddontjusttalkaboutyourselfallthetime.Eventheshyestpersoncanmanagealittlesmile.Weallpreferspendingtimewithpeoplewhomakeusfeelhappy.,G,段首概括文段，与小标题相呼应。,3,精,Howfastcanahomeremodeling(改造)projectbecompleted?_Atleast,thatsthetimerequirementofthepopularTVshowcalledTradingSpaces.About48hours.Wow!Thatsgreat!Butyoudidntseethatontheshow.Theylovedredecoratingtheirneighborsplace.Itsometimestakesseveralmonthstoremodelahome.ButonecoupleinPortland,Oregon,hatedtheirnewroom.Thepeoplewhoappearontheshowareactorsandtheyenjoytheexperience.,4,A,段中承上启下,精,Theyworkalotmore.Almosteveryextremelysuccessfulpersonworksmorehoursthantheaveragepersonalotmore.Theyhavelonglistsofthingstheywanttogetdone._Theyavoidthecrowds.Theyarenevertooproud.Decidewhereyouwanttoendup.Sotheyhavetoputinlotsoftime.Keepinmindsellingisntcontrolling.Successfulpeopledonttrytowinjustonerace.Butyoullworkalotharderifthereisnootherchoice.,5,D,段尾总结，承上启下,精,小结一Structure文章结构,大标题小标题段首段中段尾,1,5,4,3,2,精,文章结构类的解题技巧1.标题型短小精悍（多为名词性短语、祈使句）2.首句型1)首段首句文章主题，首尾呼应2)中间段首句总结下文本段主题靠上下文承接做题3)末段首句文章主题，首尾呼应3.衔接型多为承上启下过渡衔接的句子,精,1)如果问题在段首通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题2)如果问题在段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。,文章结构类的解题技巧,精,3)如果挖空位置在段中挖空位置如果在段中，则其所填句子含义应与前后句保持一致。因此，考生在做题时要学会瞻前顾后，关注体现前后句逻辑关系的关联词。,精,细节类题型解题技巧,精,Step1Keywords关键词,精,1,Beforeyoushakehandswithsomebody,makesurethatyourhandsareclean.Thehandshakeshouldnotbetoostrongorweak.Mostpeopleusetheirrighthands,unlesstheyhaveareasontousetheleft._Itcouldbeasimilartasteinclothesoracommonhobby.Youllbeinserioustroubleifyouleavethemwithabadimpression.However,donthaveyourlefthandinyourpocketsbecausethisappearsimpolite.,C,同词重复,精,2,AbirthdaysurpriseNathanwokeupearlyandracedintothekitchen.Hesawhisfamilypreparingtheirbreakfastjustlikeeveryotherday._Wherewashisbirthdaycake?Didhisfamilyforgethisspecialday?Andtherewasnobody.Wherewerehisbirthdaypresents?Allhesawwasanotnotheground.,B,同构复现,精,3-4,Dontforgettowearahelmet(头盔)Whetheryoureabeginneroranexpert,youregoingtofall,andsometimesyouregoingtofallhard.“Iwentdowntoonerunthatwasprettyhard,”Nate,askiinglearner,says,“_3”Youdonthavetobuyalotofexpensiveandnewgear(装备)Someskierswhoownednicewinterjacketscouldntgoonthetrip.4“Ihaveaneighborwholetmeborrowsomeofhisgear.Thatwasveryhelpful,”says13-year-oldMattRizer.Dontworryaboutfalling.IfeltlikeIwaslearningprettyquickly.IfelldownandIwasgladIwaswearingahelmet.Dontthinkthatyouskiwellenoughnottowearahelmet.Sotheylenttheirclothestootherskiers.,C,E,同畴词,同构词,精,同构词,fallfell（不同时态）beautybeautifulactaction（不同词性）materoommatepolicepoliceman（相同词根）,精,2019/12/13,23,可编辑,同畴词（畴：范畴）,jacket(夹克)clothes(衣服)夹克是衣服中的一种。如：fruit：apple,orange,bananafurniture(家具)：bed,table,armchairsports:running,swimming,jumping,类别,具体,精,5,Sometimeskidsaregladtoheara“no”fromtheirparents._Therearetwotypesofparentslove.Itseemsahappyfeelingtogetoutofparentscontrol.,近义词,B,精,Whenwechangeourjobsorschools,itoftenleavesuswithoutafriend._Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.,6,A,反义词,精,ProtectagainstUVrays(紫外线).Long-termstayinthesuncreatesrisktoyoureyes.Nomatterwhattheseasonis,itsextremelyimportanttowearsunglasses._1_2014辽宁卷A.Eatyourgreens.B.Eyecareshouldbeginearlyinlife.C.Theycanproperlyprotectyoureyes.D.Stayingoodshapebytakingmorevitamins.E.Parentsusuallydontcareabouttheirowneyesight.,sunglasses,They,C,代词,精,小结三Keywords关键词,同词重复同构复现（相同句型结构，相同词不同结构）同畴词近义词反义词代词线索,Tip:就近原则,精,Step2Logicalrelationship逻辑关系,精,1._However,therealmoviecapitalisMumbai(孟买市),inIndia.A.Sometimestheyevenwritethescriptbyhand.B.MostpeoplethinkthecapitalofthemovieisHollywood,intheUSA.,B,转折,精,2._Thisisbecausesomepeoplehavecertainqualities,whichothersdonot.A.Somepeoplesucceed,whileothersmaynot.B.Asthefamoussayinggoes,“Nopains,nogains.”,A,因果,精,3._Intheotherwords,whenyouareinlovewithsomeone,youmayrefusetoseeanythingbadaboutthatperson.A.Anotherproverbsays“Loveisblind.”B.Proverbsarefoundinmostculturesandareoftenveryold.,A,解释,精,4.Takinggoodnotesisatimesavingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways._Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.A.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.B.First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandremember.,B,并列（顺序）,精,小结三LogicalRelationship逻辑关系,转折因果解释并列（顺序）,精,常见的逻辑关系词并列：also,too,then,and,aswellas,notonlybutalso,first,second,firstly,next,foronething,foranotherthing,eitheror,neithernor因果：for,because,becauseof,such,since,as,therefore,thus,accordingly,asaresult,consequently,so,精,转折：however,still,though,yet,inspiteof,atanyrate（无论如何）,inanycase,onthecontrary,incontrast,bycontrast,incomparison,bycomparison,otherwise,but,while.解释：infact,actually,forexample,inotherwords,asamatteroffact,thatistosay.,精,递进：further,furthermore,moreover,whatsmore,besides,inaddition,notonlybutalso,精,Step3排除法,(市一模)Focusonwhatyoulovetodotogether.ThegiftyouchooseshouldtellastoryThinkabouttheirinterestsandhobbies.Thegiftyouchooseshouldbesomethingthatisclosetohisorherheart_38_YouwillwanttostriketherightbalancebetweenagiftthatispopularbutalsouniquetothemCheckoutwhatishot.Staywithinyourbudget.So,canyoufindthemasagiftthatismemorableandyetpracticalenoughtobeuseddaily?,排除法与其他方法相结合,A,精,Letstry!,精,Agardenthatsjustrightforyou(2016.全国卷2)Haveyouevervisitedagardenthatseemedjustrightforyou,wheretheatmosphereofthegardenappearedtototalmorethanthesum(总和)ofitsparts?36.Butitdoesnthappenbyaccident.Itstartswithlookinginsideyourselfandunderstandingwhoyouarewithrespecttothenaturalworldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.37Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers(肥料).38.However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.Recall(回忆)yourchildhoodmemories,F,E,A,精,Ourmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.GrandmasrosegardenandDadsvegetablegardenmightbegoodorbad,butthatsnotwhatsimportant.39-howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel.Ifyoudliketobuildapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetorecalltheg