英语语法16种时态.ppt

动词的时态,动词的时态,动词的时态,一、一般现在时的用法,1) describes things that happen on a regular basis, often used with adverbs of frequency 时间状语： every, sometimes, at, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. He cycles to work every day. 2) describes permanent situations The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. Water boils at 100 Centigrade . 3）describes fixed events in the future The plane takes off at 9:00 tomorrow morning.,4) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例如：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 5) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I dont want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况。 6）祈使句中 （ to give directions or instructions ) Go down the street, and then take the second turning on the left.,知识扩展：一般现在时表将来 1）下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般 现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的 事情 ( timetabled or fixed events )。 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. When does the bus start? It starts in ten minutes. 2）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如： Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 3 ) It will be + ( a period of time )+ before + ( the present simple tense ). It will be a year before we take part in the university entrance examinations.,4）在时间或条件句中。 When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. cf. I dont know when Bill will come. Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there. 由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。 If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。 Ill appreciate it if you will do me a favour. 5）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that, see to it that 等后。 I hope they have a nice time next week. Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.,6 )在the morethe more句型中，从句也要用一般现在时取代将来时。 eg:2. The harder you work, the more you will get 7 ) 主句为将来时， no matter what / who / which / when / whatever / whoever / whichever / whenever 从句中用一般现在时 Whatever you say, I will not change my mind. No matter which you like, Ill give it to you.,二、现在进行时 1. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。例如： We are waiting for you. 2. 短期内正在进行的动作( within a temporary period )， 说话时动作未必正在进行。例如： Mr. Green is writing another novel. He is now living in Shanghai. ( The action is temporary.) cf. He lives in Shanghai. She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. I am feeding the neighbours cat this week while shes in hospital. I dont really work here； I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.,3. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。The leaves are turning red. Its getting warmer and warmer. 表示当前的动向与趋势 Technology is developing rapidly. Playing computer games is becoming more and more popular with young people. 4. 表示动作正在进行，但倒装句中用一般现在时 如： Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.,5. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 You are always changing your mind. You are always doing well Hes always asking the same question.,6. 状态动词的进行时后面接形容词brave; careful; stupid; clever; foolish; polite; kind; shy等时，为主语所表现的非一般惯性特点或故意的行为。 eg: 1. You are being very clever today. 2. He is being polite. 3. My son is being a good boy at the moment.,7.used to express arrangements in the future,Were spending next winter in Australia. Shes leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. ( often with words like arrive, come, go, leave ),The action is likely to continue after the time of speaking, but is likely to stop at some point. It is temporary. eg. Ill be with you in a minute . Im just finishing something in the kitchen,Im writing to tell you that ,知识扩展：不用进行时的动词 1) 事实状态的动词。如：have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue I have two brothers. This house belongs to my sister. 2) 心理状态的动词。如：know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate I need your help. He lo