比较级最高级导学案2.doc

形容词比较级和最高级 绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。 形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad 形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化如下: 1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 great (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。 wide (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-er 和-est 构成。 clever(原级) (比较级) (最高级)4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成. happy (原形) (比较级) (最高级) 5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加-er和-est。 big (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 beautiful (原级) (比较级) (比较级) difficult (原级) (最高级) (最高级) 常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级: 原级-比较级-最高级 good-better-best many-more-mostmuch-more-most bad-worse-worst far-farther, further-farthest, furthest 形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示较不和最不 important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 形容词比较级的用法: 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。 Our teacher is we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。 It is today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。 This picture is than that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。This meeting is than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。 The sun is than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。形容词最高级的用法: 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为: 主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。 She is student her class. 她是班上最好的学生。 Shanghai is one of cities China. 上海是中国最大城市之一This is apple I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。 Tom is boy in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。 1. This box is_ that one. A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as 2. When we speak to people, we should be . A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly 3. This book is_ that one, but_ than that one. A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensive C. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive 4. I think the story is not so _ as that one. A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting 5. His father began to work_ he was seven years old. A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while( )1. I think science is _ than Japanese. A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important( ) 2 This pencil is_ than that one. A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long ( ) 3 My mother is no _ young. A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few ( ) 4 These children are _ this year than they were last year. A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller( ) 5 It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today. A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot 6. Mrs Black has got_ instead of getting any better.more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse1. When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with_ students. A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite 【探究案】探究活动一：（自主学习）大多数的形容词、副词有三个等级：原级、_和_。一.比较级和最高级的构成(填空并举例)1) 单音节词和部分双音节词： 一般在原级词尾加 _ 或 _构成。 以e结尾只加_或 _构成。 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，先_写这个辅音字母再加_ 或_构成。 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，变y为_再加_或_构成。2) 多音节词: 在原级前加_或 _构成。3) 部分不规则变化。二. 原级的用法(填空并举例)1. 表示双方程度相同或不同时。肯定式用_表示。否定式用_表示。2、very、so、quite、too等词后用原级 He is very happy today.3、too to ; so that ;as as 中间用原级 A + be + not as/so + 原级+ as B A不及B This story isnt as interesting as that one.He is too young too young to go to school.三. 比较级的用法(填空并举例)1) 两者进行比较时，用_表示。两者之间的比较，句中有明显的标志词thanTom is taller than John2、Which/Who is + 比较级, A or B ? Which is easier, maths or English? 3、能修饰比较级的副词及短语：much(的多)、 a lot(的多)、even(更)、still（更）、a bit(一点儿)This city is much more beautiful than that oneToday is even hotter than yesterday.4、 is the +比较级 + of the two. Tom is the taller of the two boys. 汤姆是这两个男孩中较高 5 “_ + and + _”或“ more and more + _”， 译为“越来越”。 6“the + _ +， the + _ +”，译为“越，就越”。7“比较级 + than any other + _”，译为“比其他任何.都.”，表示_级的含义。 8 形容词比较级也可以用句型“the + _ + of the two”, 译为“两个中比较.”。四. 最高级的用法: _者或_者以上相比，用最高级。_词的最高级前不加冠词the。1) 表示比较范围的介词短语：一般由_或_引导。2) 如果形容词最高级前面有序数词，那么序数词应放在_词之后。The Yellow River is _（第二长河）in .China.3) 句型 “one of the + 形容词最高级 + _” 表示 “最.之一”。4) 选择疑问句可用最高级形式。 Which is the biggest, the sun ,the moon or the earth? 5）. 有些形容词没有_级和_级形式，如：right, wrong, empty等。当堂检测： 一用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Why dont you make it a little _ ( early ) ?2.Tom does _ ( well ) in English than Tim .3.John is _ ( interest ) in making models .4.Mr Smith is one of the _ ( popular ) doctors in our town .二选择最佳答案。1.Jane looks so _today because she has got an “A” in her maths test .A.happy B.happily C.angry D.angrily 2.This second-hand camera is much _than that new one .A.cheap B.cheaper C.dear D.dearest3.-I will give you some nice picture books .Good . The _, the _.A.more , better B.many , better C.most,best D.much , better4. Im much _ today, but she is even _ .A. well, illB. well, worseC. better, illD. better, worse5. My study (n.书房) is _ as yours. A. not as bright B. not so brighterC. not brightD. a