worthworthyworthwhile的用法区别.doc

worth，worthy，worthwhile 这三个词均可表示“值得的”，由于它们词形相近，意义相似，所以许多同学经常将其混淆。本文拟以它们的用法作一比较和区分，供同学们参考。一、从句法功能上看worth 通常只用作表语，不用于名词前作定语； worthy 和 worthwhile 可用作表语和定语。如：It isnt worth the trouble. 不值得费那个事。He is a worthy gentleman. 他是位值得尊敬的绅士。His behavior is worthy of great praise. 他的行为值得高度赞扬。They achieved a very worthwhile result. 他们取得了很有价值的成果。We had a long wait， but it was worthwhile because we got the tickets. 我们等了很久，但还算值得，因为我们把票买到了。二、从所使用的修饰语来看worth 习惯上不用 very 修饰（要表示类似意思可用 well），而 worthy 和 worthwhile 则可以用副词 very 修饰。如：That is very worthy of our attention. 那件事很值得我们注意。Nursing is a very worthwhile career. 护理工作是很值得干的职业。但习惯上不说：The work is very worth doing. （very 应改为 well）三、从搭配习惯来看1. 有关 be worth 的搭配习惯（1） be worth 后可直接跟名词、代词或动名词。如：The picture is worth $500. 这幅画值 500 美元。The clock is hardly worth repairing. 这台钟简直不值得修理。What is worth doing is worth doing well. 值得干的事就得干好。注意：其后可接动名词，不能接不定式，且接动名词时，总是用主动形式表示被动意义。（2）在现代英语中，在 be worth 前使用形式主语 it 被认为是合习惯的。如：It isnt worth repairing the car. 这辆汽车不值得修了。Is it worth visiting the city? 这个城市值得去看吗?但是，若不用形式主语 it 而直接用动名词作主语则是错误的，如：误：Repairing the car is worth.（3）在 be worth doing 结构中，除非句首用了形式主语 it，否则句子主语总应是其动名词的逻辑宾语；若其中的动词是不及物动词，应考虑加上适当的介词。如：Nothing he said was worth listening to. 他说的话没有一句值得听。Shes not worth getting angry with. 犯不上跟她生气。2. 有关 be worthy 的搭配习惯（1） be worthy 后不能直接跟名词、代词或动名词，若要接，应借助介词 of。如：Their efforts are worthy of your support. 他们的努力应得到你的支持。Her behavior is worthy of praise. 她的行为是值得赞扬的。（2）与 be worth 后只接动名词不接不定式不同，be worthy 后不接动名词，而接不定式（若该不定式要表示被动意义，则应用被动形式）。如：He is worthy to receive such honor. 他应该得到这种荣誉。This suggestion is worthy to be considered. 这个建议值得考虑。（3）若要在 be worthy 后接动名词，与后接名词时的情形一样，应借助介词 of，且该动名词若要表示被动意义，要用被动形式。如：He is worthy of filling =to fill the post. 这个职位他当之无愧。This suggestion is worthy of being considered =to be considered. 这个建议值得考虑。3. 有关 be worthwhile 的搭配习惯（1） be worthwhile 后接动名词或不定式均可。如：It is worthwhile buying the dictionary. 这本词典值得买。（其中的 worthwhile 也可换成 worth）It is worthwhile to discuss the plan again. 这个计划值得再讨论一次。（其中的 worthwhile 不能换成 worth，因为其后接用了不定式）（2）有时可将 worthwhile 分开写，此时也可在其中加上 ones。如：Id think it worth while to go. 我认为值得去。Do you think its worth while quarrelling with her? 你认为与她吵值得吗?Would you like to do some gardening for me? Ill make it worth your while. 你愿意在我的花园里干些活吗?我不会亏待你的。It is worth your while visiting to visit the museum. 这个博物馆值得你去看看。（3） 按传统语法，It is worth （ones） while to do sth doing sth 结构必须用 it 作形式主语，其中的不定式或动名词做句子的真正主语。四、一句多译在很多情况下，同一个意思可用几种不同的形式表达。如：那个地方值得一去。正：The place is worth a visit.正：The place is worthy of a visit.正：The place is worth visiting.正：It is worth visiting the place.正：The place is worthy of being visited.正：The place is worthy to be visited.正：It is worthwhile visiting the place.正：It is worthwhile to visit the place.例句秀 He conducted the audience to their seats. 他把观众领到他们的座位上。They hired agents to conduct their affairs. 他们雇请代理人来处理他们的事务。Mr. Green will conduct the orchestra. 格林先生将指挥这支管弦乐队。Most metals conduct electricity. 大多数金属能导电。I think he conducted himself admirably, considering the difficult circumstances.考虑到那种困难环境，我认为他表现得令人钦佩。She always got the good conduct prize. 她总是得到品行优良奖。His conduct of the business is very successful. 他生意进行得很成功。帮你归纳conduct用作及物动词，表示“引导；带领”；也可表示“实施；处理；经营；管理”；还可表示“指挥(军队、乐队等)”，也可指“(物理方面)传导(热、电等)”；也可接反身代词，即conduct oneself，表示“(行为)表现”。用作不及物动词，表示“引导；带领”或“指挥乐队”。用作名词，指“行为；品行；举动”或“指导；指挥”或“(业务、活动等的)管理；经营；处理”；表示“传导；输送”之意时，应用conduction。跟踪练习试判断下列各句中conduct的词性及含义。1. The data came from a survey conducted by the company last fall. 2. The concert is conducted by John Williams.3. Is it really necessary to conduct experiments on animals?4. He was a player who always conducted himself honourably.5. Attending conferences and meetings is necessary to the conduct of our business.6. A guide will conduct us through the museum.7. A middle-aged banker ha