Languagepoints上.ppt

Module 3 Unit 2 Language focus 1. The English language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to Britain. (lines 2-3) be made up of 由组成（构成） e.g. The medical team _ twelve doctors. 医疗队由十二名医生组成。 is made up of 拓展：make up有多种含义: 1) 形成，构成,占（.比例） e.g. Women make up 56% of the student numbers. 女生占学生人数的56%。 2)编造 e.g. The whole story is made up. 整个故事都是虚构的。 3) 补足, 弥补 make up for e.g. We need $50 to make up for the loss. 我们需要五十元以弥补损失。 4) 化妆 e.g. It took her more than an hour to make herself up. 她花了一个多小时才打扮好。 1. My favorite salad lettuce, tomatoes and cucumber. 2. She a story to comfort her little daughter. 3. Nylon air, coal and water. 4. The audience very young children. 5. The toy cost a dollar and Ted only had fifty cents, so Father the difference. 6. Society people with widely differing abilities. is made of made up is made from is made up of made up for is made up of 2. Then two Germanic groups occupied Britain. (lines 8-10) occupy v. 占领，占有(时间、空间等) e.g. In the movie, the army occupied the enemys capital. 在这部电影中，军队占领了敌国首都 。 Though we occupy the house next door, we seldom speak to each other. 虽然我们住在隔壁，但我们很少说话。 The speeches occupied three hours, which made each of us so bored. 发言共占去三个小时，让我们非常厌烦。 be occupied with sth /in doing =be busy with sth /in doing =be buried in sth 1.He was occupied with his office work so he had no time to attend to his kids. n. occupation .占领；职业 fixed /regular occupation 2. _ with business, she cant afford more time to do the research. Occupied 3. Old English consisted of a mixture of their languages. (line 10) consist vi. 组成,构成 consist of 由组成（构成） e.g. A university consists of teachers, administrators and students. 大学由教师, 行政人员和学生组成。 The committee _ of fifteen members. A. consists B. is consisted C. formed D. make up consist in 在于 consist with 与 一致 1.Happiness consists _ your understanding of it. 2.The report consists _ what he saw. A in with be made up of 由组成（构成） 可与consist of 互换 ,但consist of 无被动 consists of consisting of The class is made up of 15 girl students and 20 boy students. = The class _ _ 15 girl students and 20 boy students. Its a group made up of five doctors and 10 nurses. = Its a group _ _ five doctors and 10 nurses. 4. Both the English language are named after the Angles (lines 10-12) name after 以 命名 e.g. The machine _ its inventor. 这台机器是以其发明者的名字命名的。 is named after 5. Aside from place names became part of Old English. (lines 12-13) aside from 除 之外=apart from e.g. Everything was quiet, aside from the occasional sound of a car in the distance. 除了远处偶尔有汽车的声响外, 四周一 片寂静。 6. The most important contribution was from the Normans, a French-speaking people who defeated England and took control of the country in 1066. contribution n. 贡献，促成因素 e.g. He made a very positive contribution to the overall success of the project. 他对项目的全面成功作出了非常积 极的贡献。 contribute to 1. to help to lead to the result导致; Drink contributed to his death. 酒造成了他的死亡。 2. 捐(款);捐献,捐助 (donate to) 他将积蓄的一半捐献给红十字会。 He contributed half of his savings to the Red Cross. 3. 投(稿) (+to) 他给杂志投稿他的诗。 He contributed his poems to the magazine. defeat vt. 击败，战胜，困惑 e.g. Our football team defeated theirs this time. 这一次我们的足球队胜了他们的足球队 。 The instruction manual completely defeated me. 这个操作指南使我完全弄糊涂了。 take control of 控制，取得对的控制 e.g. Take control of the situation instead of feeling overwhelmed or powerless. 控制局势，而不应被它左右或束手无 策。 Take control of your own destiny. 掌握自己的命运。 control 1) v. 控制; 支配; 管理; 克制; 抑制 e.g. She is skillful enough to control the machine. 她已有了足够的技术可以操纵这台机 器了。 You must learn to control your temper. 你必须学会克制着不发脾气。 2) n. 支配;控制;调节;抑制 (+of/over) e.g. They have no control over him. 他们控制不了他。 There must be someone who can take control of these naughty children. 应该有人能管住这些淘气的孩子。 control相关的词组： in control of 控制，管理 in the control of 由控制/负责 be/come/ bring/get under control 处于控制中 under the control of 受的控制 be/get out of control 无法管理，失去控制 lose control of 失去对的控制 The boy is no longer _ his parents. Police at present _ the crowd. With the help of firefighters, they got the fire _. Mum was angry to see her children _. Who do you let be _ your class while youre out? in/under the control of lost control of under control out of control in control of 7. which led to Old English replacing Celtic. (lines 28-30) lead to 导致，引发 e.g. Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness. 过多的工作和过少的休息会引发疾病。 This misprint led to great confusion. 这个印刷错误给人造成了极大的困惑。 lead to 还能表示“通往” e.g. All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。 注：to为介词，其后可跟名词，也可构成 结构lead to sb. doing，表示“导致某人做 某事” 。 e.g. As a child, she showed an interest in small animals, which led to her taking up the study of biology when she grew up. 她小时候就对小动物产生了兴趣，这也使 得她长大后选择了学习生物。 replace vt. 1) 取代; 以代替 (+with/by) e.g. The brakes have to be replaced. 刹车需要更换。 Electric lights have replaced candles. 电灯已经取代了蜡烛。 2) 把 放回(原处) e.g. She replaced the receiver. 她将听筒放了回去。 没有什么可以取代母亲的爱和关心。 Nothing can replace a mothers love and care. 8. This resulted in even more words with similar meanings (lines 32-34) result in 结果;导致 (lead to) e.g. Carelessness resulted in lots of accidents. 粗心造成大量交通事故。 result from 由于，因为 e.g. His failure resulted largely from his laziness. 他的失败主要是懒惰所致。 result 还可作名词，常用词组： as a result (of) e.g. It rains today; as a result, we have to put off our picnic. = As a result of rain, we have to put off our picnic. His success _ working hard. Too much cigarettes _ his deaths. He had to take a taxi to work _ the bad weather. A. result in B. as a result of C. results from D. as a result A C B 9. After the Norman Conquest, many English people worked as servants who raised animals. (lines 35-36) raise vt. 养育，培养，增加，提高， 筹募，提及，举起 e.g. The baby was raised on soybean milk. 这孩子是用豆浆喂养大的。(36) The landlord raised my rent to $200. 房东把租金提高到$ 200。 They are going to raise money for the school buildings. 他们将为盖校舍筹集资金。 He raised his glass and said: “Your health, Carl.” 他举起了杯子说道:“祝你健康,卡尔 。 None of them raised any objection. 他们谁也没提出反对意见。 【拓展】 不同于raise，rise一般为不及物动词，作“ 上升”解，常用于日、月、烟雾、水汽、气 温、物价、生病时的体温、水位、人 的 职位等；也作“起床，起身”解。 e.g. The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 He always rises early. 他总是早早起床。 用raise或rise的适当形式填空。 1. The chairman _ from his chair and came forward to greet her. 2. As the sun _ in the sky the temperature climbed. 3. He _ the question at the meeting. raised rose rose True or false: 1.Prices have been risen up. 2.The sun raises in the east and sets in the west. 3.Jack was raised by his aunt after his parents passed away. raised rises F F T 1. That is why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people. 考点 表语从句的用法 考例1 The last time we had great fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park. (天津2008) A. where B. how C. when D. why 点拨 由主句主语The last time可知是 表示时间，故用when 引导表语从句。 考例2 Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life. ( 北京 2010) A. what B. that C. why D. whether 2. In fact, we would not be able to understand it if we heard it today. 考点 本句使用了虚拟语气，表示与 现在事实相反的假设。这时，条件状 语从句中的谓语动词用过去式，主句 中的谓语动词用would / should / could / might 动词原形。 考例 If I _ plan to do anything I wanted to, Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. (湖北2005) A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to 3. After the Norman Conquest, high- class people spoke French while common people spoke English. 考点 当while用作并列连词时，意为 “而、然而”，表对比、转折。 考例1 Id like to study law at university _ my cousin prefers geography.(四川 2007) A. though B. as C. while D. for 句意：我想在大学学习法律而我堂兄更 喜欢地理。此处表对比转折，故用并列 连词while。 考例2 The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. ( 天津2006) A. since B. when C. as D. while 句意：在英国，格拉斯哥的生活消费居 于最低行列，而生活品质却可能位居前 列。 while在此处表示对比。 Complete the follow