大学英语四级考试写作讲座2012上.ppt

1、大学英语四级考试写作策略与方法,李游,Outline,总 述 真题回顾 应 用 文 议 论 文 高分策略,总论,一、 考试流程 二、 复习方法 三、 大纲解读,NEXT,考试流程,1. 试卷构成及各部分分值 (满分710) 写作 （30分钟） 15 106.5 快速阅读 （15分钟） 10 71 听力 （35分钟） 35 248.5 深度阅读 （25分钟） 25 177.5 完型填空或改错（15分钟） 10 71 翻译 （5分钟） 5 35.5,写作部分的重要性,Well begun is half done. 短期内最容易提高 最能体现个人思维方式、观点看法、素质、修养等 最方便实现也最令人

2、放松的交流方式,考试流程,2. 考试时间： 09:00 考试开始 11:20考试结束 09:00-09:10 发答题卡1 答题卡1为写作和快速阅读部分，正、反两面均有写作区域，反面最下方为快速阅读答题区域 09:10-09:40 写作,考试流程,3. 时间分配： 审题 （3分钟）确定体裁，粗拟提纲 写作 （20分钟） 检查 （2分钟） 时态：一般现在时(主要) 过去时(图表) 检查内容：拼写、标点、语法 将来时(展望未来) 冠词 主谓一致 名词复数,BACK,复习方法,1. 背诵 (至少五篇应用文、五篇议论文) 2. 默写 (对比原文，发现弱点) 3. 模仿 (一周一篇) 4. 万能框架 (结

3、合内容发挥),BACK,大纲解读,1. 大纲要求 教育部（2006修订版）明确规定写作部分要求考生达到大学英语课程教学要求中的一般要求，即“能完成一般性写作任务，能描述个人经历、观感、情感和发生的事件等，能写常见的应用文，能就一般性话题或提纲在半小时内写出至少120词的短文，内容基本完整，用词恰当，语意连贯。能掌握基本的写作技能。”,大纲解读,2. 评分标准 短文写作要求考生在30分钟内根据提纲写出一篇120词以上的短文，本部分的得分占总分的15%，采用总体评分法（Global Scoring），从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。满分为15分，共分五等：14分、11分、8分、5分及2分（

4、注：四级作文在试卷总分中占15%，改卷时按照作文总分15分来评改，然后经过处理转化为710分中的作文分数）。各个分数档的标准如下：,备注：阅卷人员根据阅卷标准，对照样卷评分，若认为与某一分数（如8分）相似，即定为该分数（即8分）；若认为稍优或稍劣于该档次，则可加分（即9分）或减1分（即7分），但不得加或减半分。 字数不足按下表所示酌情扣分：,大纲解读,3. 黄金原则： 卷面工整、整洁、清晰 印象原则 分段+字数 语言：基本正确，丰富多变 语言+ 结构：逻辑性 结构+ 总分总/总分 内容 关联词3-5个，同义替换词汇句型 原则 代词替换 内容：不跑题,BACK,真题回顾,一、历年真题 二、命题思

5、路,真题回顾-2001.6,A letter to a Schoolmate 应用文书信 Suppose you are Zhang Ying. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week-long holiday. 1. 表示欢迎 2. 提出对度假安排的建议 3. 提醒应注意的事项,真题回顾-2002.1,ALettertotheUniversityPresident 应用文书信 假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况(CanteenService)给校长

6、写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼有而有之。,真题回顾-2002.6,StudentUseofComputers 图表型议论文,真题回顾-2004.1,A Letter in Reply to a Friend应用文书信 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter in reply to a friends inquiry about applying for admission to your college or university

7、. 1建议报考的专业及理由2报考该专业的基本条件3应当如何备考,真题回顾-2005.1,A Campaign Speech 应用文致辞 1. 你认为自己具备是什么条件(能力，性格，爱好)可以胜任学生会主席工作， 2. 如果当选你将会为本校同学做什么？,真题回顾-2005.6,Teachers Day 记叙文 1.向老师表达节日祝贺 2.从一件小事来回忆老师的教诲和无私的奉献 3.我如何回报老师的关爱,真题回顾-2005.12,Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? 议论文 1.名校校园正成为旅游新热点 2.校园是否应对游客开放，人们看

8、法不同 3.我认为,真题回顾-2006.06,Volunteers Needed应用文告示 1. 校学生会将组织一次暑期志愿者活动，现招募志愿者。 2.本次志愿者活动的目的，内容、安排等。 3.报名条件及联系方式。,真题回顾-2006.06,On Students Selecting Lecturers 议论文 1、有些大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课老师。 2、学生选择老师时所考虑的主要因素是 3、学生自选任课老师的益处及可能产生的问题。,真题回顾-2006.12,Spring Festival Gala on TV 议论文 1、许多人喜欢看cctv 春节晚会； 2、但有的人认为应该取消；

9、 3、你的看法,真题回顾-2007.06,Welcome to Our Club 应用文告示 1、 本社团的主要活动内容2、 参加本社团的好处3、 如何加入本社团,真题回顾-2007.12,What Electives to Choose 议论文 1、各大学开设了各种各样的选修课 2、学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课 3、以你自己为例,真题回顾-2008.06,Recreational Activities 议论文 1.娱乐活动多种多样2.娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性3.作为大学生，我的看法。,真题回顾-2008.12,Limiting The Use of Disposable

10、Plastic Bags 议论文 1.一次性塑料袋曾广泛使用 2.由此带来的问题 3.限制使用一次性塑料袋的意义,真题回顾-2009.06,Free Admission to Museums? 议论文 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放,目的是 2. 有人认为这样做会带来一些问题 3. 在我看来,真题回顾-2009.12,Create a Green Campus 议论文 1.建设绿色校园十分重要 2.绿色校园不仅指绿色环境 3.为了建设绿色校园我们应该,真题回顾-2010.06,Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling 议论文 1. 如今不少学生在英

11、语学习中不重视拼写 2. 出现这种现象的原因是 3. 为了改变这种状况，我认为,真题回顾-2010.12,How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? 议论文 1. 目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2. 为了让孩子独立, 父母应该,真题回顾-2011.06,Online Shopping 议论文 1. 现在网上购物已成为一种时尚； 2. 网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题； 3. 我的建议,真题回顾-2011.12,For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay

12、 entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. Ive done it hundreds of times. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 议论文,BACK,命题趋势,命题范围,1. 学习与校园生活(常见) 2. 社会热点(常见) 3. 常识、格言(类似2011.12)

13、考试的作文内容为社会、文化或日常生活的一般常识，不涉及知识面过广、专业性太强的内容。,命题形式,1. 提纲式作文 (最普遍) 2. 段首句作文 3. 情景式作文 4. 图表式作文,应用文,一、书信作文 二、口头作文(致辞) 三、告示 附、个人简历,NEXT,书信作文,1. 真题： 2001.6(schoolmate)， 2002.1 (president of the university) ， 2004.1 (reply to a friend) 2. 结构： 私人书信：Dear , (1) 称呼 公务书信：Dear sir or madam, (2) 正文 (3) 落款 Yours sin

14、cerely, Li Ming,书信作文,自我介绍(私人书信除外) I am a freshman/ sophomore/ junior/ senior/ undergraduate/ graduate from 第一段 the Department of of University. 写作目的(中心) (2句) 1. I am writing the letter for the purpose of 或 2. I am writing the letter to inform you that I wish to,书信作文,建议信常用词汇： give/ offer/ propose, us

15、eful/ practical/ conductive, suggestions/ proposals/ recommendations 投诉信常用词汇： express/ convey, dissatisfaction/ disappointment/ concern, regarding/ concerning/ as regard 第二段：通常6句，展开提纲(关联词、从句),书信作文,第三段：2句 表示感谢(私人建议信除外) 1. My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words. 或 2. I take this

16、 opportunity to show/ extend my heartfelt appreciation for the kind assistance you render/ offer/ give me. 期待回信 1. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. 2. I look forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.,范文1求学求职类,Directions: You are a student with the wish of studying abro

17、ad. Write a letter to the university you dream of and ask for admission. 1) 个人介绍 2) 具备的优势 3) 期待回复,Dear Sir or Madam, I am a senior from the Department of Business Administration. I am writing the letter in purpose of applying for admission into your esteemed institution / your recently advertised po

18、sition for a staff member. I am sure that I am qualified for it. First, enclosed with this letter is my resume, which further details my previous academic qualifications and work experience. Second, not only do my qualifications and experience make me a perfect candidate for it, (but) my cheerful pe

19、rsonality is also,well suited to studying in your prestigious university/working as a staff member. Last, my hobbies include sports and music. Words fail me when I try to express my heartfelt gratitude to the help you render me. Your prompt and favorable attention to my inquiry would be highly appre

20、ciated. Yours sincerely, Li Ming,范文2投诉信,Directions: You live in a room in college which you share with another student. You find it very difficult to work there because your roommate always has friends visiting. Write a letter to the Accommodation Officer at the college.1)要求下学期换一个新房间 (段一：写作目的) 2)解释原

21、因 (段二：投诉原因) 3)要求单间 (段三：建议措施),Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to express my deep concern regarding accommodation. I would prefer to move into a single room next semester, as I find the present sharing arrangement inconvenient.I must explain that the reason for my dissatisfaction is my roommates incon

22、siderate behavior. For one thing, his friends are constantly visiting him; for another, he regularly holds noisy parties. In these circumstances, I find it difficult to concentrate on my studies, and I am falling behind in my assignments.,I am sure you will agree that the only solution is for me to

23、move into a room of my own. Therefore, I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me, preferably not in the same building but as near to the college campus as possible. Yours sincerely, Li Ming,BACK,范文3邀请信,Directions: The Dean of the English Department knows that Prof. Robin is a famous

24、 scholar in British literature. As his assistant, you are asked to write a formal letter to Prof. Robin, inviting him for a short-term visit and to give a lecture. 1. 表达邀请 2. 提出讲座的时间、地点、内容 3. 期待回音,Dear Prof. Robin, I am the dean of English Department of Beijing University. I am writing on behalf of

25、the English Department to invite you to give a lecture in our university. We know that you are an outstanding expert on British literature. We would be very grateful if you could give a lecture on “Contemporary British Literature” to the English Department on Sunday, April 8. If this subject does no

26、t suit you, any other similar topic would be welcome as well.,If it is convenient for you, would you please drop me a line to let me know whether you can come or not? We could be looking forward to the opportunity to benefit from your experience and wisdom. Sincerely yours, Li Ming Dean of the Engli

27、sh Department,口头作文(致辞),1.真题：04年6月 导游词 05年1月 竞选演讲 2.格式 称呼 正文：开场白(欢迎词+自我介绍) 主要内容 结束语(祝福),范文：开幕词,Directions: Suppose you are the president of Apple (China) Inc., you are invited to deliver a welcome speech on the conference of International Trade Cooperation 1) 欢迎到场嘉宾 2) 介绍会议 3) 期待合作,Speech Mr. Preside

28、nt, ladies and gentlemen,Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Beijing! To begin with, I would like to make a brief introduction to myself. I am the president of Apple (China) Inc.The following is my introduction to the conference. First, it is my great honor to be here with all of you and

29、declare open the Conference of International Trade Cooperation. Second, on behalf of our company, I would like to express my heartfelt welcome to all the guests and delegates. Last, I believe our cooperative efforts are sure to be productive.,I wish all of you enjoy yourselves during this conference

30、 and hope the above information will help you. If you have any question for me, please feel free to ask at any time. Thank you for your attention.,BACK,告示,(poster, notice, announcement, bulletin) 1. 真题： 2006年6月 招募启事 2007年6月 纳新启事 2. 格式： 标题 日期(标题右下方) 正文(展开提纲) 活动目的、主办方、活动内容、时间及地点 落款,范文：比赛通告,Directions:

31、 The Students Union of your department is planning a Chinese Speaking Contest. Write an announcement which covers the following information:1) the purpose of the contest,2) time and place of the contest,3) what is required of the candidates,4) details of the judges and awards. Do not sign your own n

32、ame at the end of the announcement. Use Department of Chinese Language and Literature.,Chinese-Speaking Contest June 10, 2007 To improve students ability to speak Chinese and enrich after-class activities, the Students Union of Chinese Language and Literature is organizing a school-wide Chinese-spea

33、king contest to be held on Saturday next week (17 June) at the Students Recreational Center. Those who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitors of their classes before Tuesday next week. Five professors will be invited to be judges. The first six winners will be given awards

34、.,Everybody is welcome to be present at the contest. The Students Union Department of Chinese Language and Literature,BACK,个人简历,RESUME Li Ming (姓名) P. O. Box 237, Beijing University (邮箱) 5, Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871 (地址) Tel: 62768888 Email: L (电子邮箱) Career Objective: A positio

35、n with management potential in (职业目标) the banking business specializing in international corporate financing Educational Background: (教育背景：只写最高学历) Sept 2003 to Beijing University July 2007 Major in International Business Management Main courses include English, Computer, Business Management, Account

36、ing, International Commercial Law,Work Experience: (工作经历) July 2006 to Bank of China June 2007 Internship, Secretary to Deputy Manager of Marketing Draft business correspondence Schedule deputy managers appointments Qualifications: University graduation certificate and (资历) bachelor degree to be con

37、ferred upon graduation (2007) College English Test Band 4 June 2005 Honors & Awards: Twice awarded scholarship by Beijing (荣誉奖项) University 2005& 2006,Special Skills: Familiarity with Microsoft Word, Excel (技能) Ability to work independently Outstanding Organizational skills Personal Data: Date of Birth: 9/17/1984 (个人信息) Gender: Female Marital Status: Unmarried,BACK,Exercise,Directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled An Opening Speech.