2021学年高中英语学业水平合格性考试复习第二部分基础语法突破专题二名词专题训练

1、名词.在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式1Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with _ (patient)解析：句意：无论什么时候我犯错，老师都耐心地把它们指出来。介词with后应接名词，patience“耐心”。答案：patience2The US government has taken _ (measure) to prevent the campus violence from taking place.解析：句意：美国政府已经采取措施阻止校园暴力的发生。take measures“采取

2、措施”，为固定搭配。答案：measures3Does anyone know the title _ the novel?解析：句意：有人知道这部小说的书名吗？该句考查of短语构成的名词所有格。答案：of4Dont try to persuade your boss; he wont have the _ (intent) of employing mea fresh student.解析：句意：不要试图说服你的老板，他不会打算聘用我这样一个应届毕业生的。intention“打算，意图”；have the intention of doing sth.“有干某事的打算”。答案：intentio

3、n5Do you think I should wear a hat to the party?It all depends on your own _ (prefer)解析：句意：你认为我应该戴顶帽子去参加聚会吗？这完全取决于你的个人喜好。preference“偏爱，优先权”，符合句意。答案：preference6In fact, the renovation is just one move in a huge project to improve Chinese teachers housing _ (conditional) in recent years.解析：句意：事实上，这项变革

4、只是最近几年提高中国教师住房条件的大项目的一小步。condition表示“条件，状况”，且根据句意可知，应用名词复数形式conditions。答案：conditions7Bobs _ (sister) birthday is May 1st.解析：句意：鲍勃姐姐的生日是5月1日。根据句意可知，应用所有格形式。答案：sisters8Ones dream and _ (ambitious) greatly depend on ones experience.解析：句意：一个人的梦想和抱负很大程度上取决于他的经历。ambitious“有野心的”。这里应填其名词形式ambition“抱负”，作主语。答

5、案：ambition9Simple _ (direct)for fitting the model together are printed on the box.解析：句意：安装这个模型的简要说明印在了盒子上。由simple可知空格处填名词，且根据后面的are可知，空格处应填名词复数directions。directions“用法说明，操作指南”。答案：directions10The_ (possible)that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore

6、the outer space.解析：考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其他星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外太空。故填possibility。答案：possibility11After that incident she started to devote all her _ (energetic) to teaching rather than performing.解析：句意：那起事件过后，她开始将所有精力投入到教学中而不是表演。energy“体力，精力”； devote ones energy to.“把精力投入中”。答案：energy12Try to unders

7、tand whats actually happening instead of acting on the _(assume)youve made.解析：考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。 故选assumption 。答案：assumption13A modern library is being built in our school so that we students will have _ (accessible) to good books.解析：句意：我们学校正在建设一个现代化的图书馆，以便学生能够阅读到好书。access“

8、入口，机会，进入”；have access to固定词组，意为“可接近；可获得”，符合句意。故空格处填access。答案：access14In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible_(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.解析：考查名词的数。crowd

9、前没有冠词、指示代词和形容词性人称代词，故用复数形式。答案：crowds15But for tourists like me，pandas are its top_(attract)解析：句意：但是对于像我一样的游客来说，大熊猫是最大的吸引。形容词top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。答案：attraction16The fire was finally brought under control, but not before heavy _ (lose) had been caused.解析：句意：大火终于被控制了，但是在此之前已造成了严重的损失。loss名词“损失”，在句中作主语。答

10、案：loss17Then，handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of _(achieve)解析：句意：然后，首先处理最重要的任务，那么你会感到真正意义上的成就。介词of后应用名词作宾语。答案：achievement18Recent _(study)show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.解析：句意：最近的研究显示如果我们有规律地进行短暂的休息的话，我们工作的效率会更高。study“研究”

11、为可数名词，本句的谓语动词为show，说明主语应用名词复数studies。答案：studies19Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC.，influenced the _ (develop)of chopsticks.解析：句意：一些人认为大约生活于公元前551年到479年间的中国伟大学者孔子影响了筷子的发展。根据空格前的the可知，所填词应用名词形式。故填development。答案：development20Any smell might

12、 attract natural _(enemy)that would try to eat the little panda.解析：句意：任何气味都有可能吸引自然界中那些想要吃掉熊猫宝宝的敌人。根据常识可知，此处表示“吸引了自然界中的敌人”，故填可数名词enemy的复数形式。答案：enemies21It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late _(pay)may affect your credit.解析：句意：准时付电费很重要，因为支付晚了会影响你的信用。前面有形容词late修饰，此处应用名词形式，payment可

13、用作可数名词，所以用复数形式。答案：payments22Some fruits are so easily harvested in this area that they are never of great _ (valuable)解析：句意：有些水果在这个地区是如此容易收获以至于它们从来都没有太大的价值。be of great value意为“很有价值”，相当于be very valuable。答案：value23We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our _ (different)unite，rather than divide us.解

14、析：句意：当我们学会“求同存异”，而不是“分崩离析”的时候，我们就能获得很多。物主代词our后面接名词，这里是指“我们的差异”，所以用复数形式。答案：differences24He gave himself a new name to hide his _(identical) when he went to carry out the secret task.解析：句意：他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。 根据空格前的形容词性所有格his可知，其后应该用名词。故填identity。答案：identity25The _ (similar) between Mars and

15、 Earth are enough to keep alive hopes of some form of Martian life.解析：句意：火星和地球之间的诸多相似之处足以让人们对火星上存在某种生物抱以希望。similarity“类似，相似点”，符合句意。谓语动词是are，故用名词复数形式。答案：similarities26The course aims to develop the childrens _ (appreciate) of music.解析：句意：该课程旨在培养孩子对音乐的欣赏能力。appreciation名词“欣赏，鉴别”，符合句意。答案：appreciation27T

16、here is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some _(think)and then let me know.解析：句意：现在没必要告诉我答案，你再思考一下，之后告诉我。 这里指让对方再好好想想。根据空格前有some，故填名词thought。答案：thought28At the graduation ceremony, the headmaster required the graduates to raise their competitive _ (aware) in modern society.解析：句意：毕业典礼上校长要求毕

17、业生们在现代社会中要增强竞争意识。competitive awareness“竞争意识”。答案：awareness29Go and say sorry to your Mom，Dave.Id like to，but Im afraid she wont be happy with my _(apology)解析：句意：Dave，去跟你的妈妈道歉。我想这样做，但是我担心她对我的道歉不满意。 英语中，给别人的祝贺(congratulations)、祝福(wishes)、感谢(thanks)、道歉(apologies)和问候(greetings)等都要用复数形式。故填apologies。答案：apo

18、logies30Some schools will have to make _(adjustment) in agreement with the national soccer reform.解析：句意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应，一些学校不得不做出调整。空格前没有指示代词、形容词性所有格和冠词，可知此处用复数形式。故adjustments 。答案：adjustments.语法填空在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Robots used for housework were tested out in some 1._ (family). Tony, one of the

19、robots, looked like 2._ tall and handsome man with smooth black hair, speaking in a deep voice. Larry was going to be away from home. Also, 3._ (curious) drove him to have a try on such a new thing. So he hired a robot to accompany his wife Claire. Claire didnt like the idea at the beginning, but sh

20、e agreed to it at last. At the first sight of Tony, Claire felt embarrassed. Gradually, Tony began to win the 4._ (hostess) trust.He helped Claire realize her dreams by making her home elegant, giving her a new haircut, changing the makeup she wore and giving her 5._ (advise) on her 6._ (person) dre

21、sses. Therefore at the party all her guests who were invited were filled with 7._ (admire) when they saw her house was completely changed. After the test, the company was satisfied with 8._ (Tony) report and believed it was 9._ success because he had successfully made a woman regain her 10._ (confid

22、ent) and fall in love with him.答案：1.families2.a3.curiosity4hostess5.advice6.personal7admiration8.Tonys9.a10confidence.改正下列句子中的错误(每句只有1处错误)1It was a difficult job for him.He had tried everything but it made little different._解析：考查名词。make little difference意为“没有多大区别”，为固定结构。类似的结构还有：make no difference“没有

23、影响”；make a difference“有影响，起重要作用”。故把different改为difference。答案：different改为difference2Jianbing，one of the most popular snacks in China，appeals to almost everyone in America and has become new hit foods there._解析：考查名词。此处food是不可数名词，不能用复数。句意为：煎饼是中国最受欢迎的小吃之一。它几乎吸引了每一个美国人并且已成为那里新的风行一时的食品。hit在此处为名词，意为“成功而轰动(或

24、风行)一时的人或物”。答案：foods改为food3The computer system crashed and I lost three hours worth of work._解析：句意：电脑系统瘫痪了，我失去了三个小时的工作价值。三个小时为复数概念，因此hour应用复数形式。答案：hourshours4Time and time again she was warned of the consequence of her action._解析：考查名词。句意：她一次又一次地被警告要注意她的行为的后果。根据“Time and time again ”可知此处需用复数形式。故把conse

25、quence改为consequences。答案：consequence改为consequences5It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late payments may affect your credits._解析：考查名词。句意为：按时支付电子账单是很重要的，因为延期支付会影响你的信用。credit做“信誉，信用”讲时是不可数名词。故把credits改成credit。答案：credits改成credit6True happiness does not lie in the possessions of money

26、，but the joy of achievement._解析：考查名词。possession“占有，拥有”，是不可数名词。句意为：真正的幸福不在于金钱的占有，而在于取得成就的喜悦。故把possessions 改成 possession。答案：possessions改成possession7I have an appoint with Dr.Smith, but I need to change it._解析：have an appointment with sb.意为“与某人有个约会/预约”。答案：appointappointment8Often she buys some toy for him to play with, especially on his birthday._解析：句意：她经常为他买一些玩具来玩，尤其是在他的生日那天。some意为“一些”，故需将后面的名词toy改为复数形式。答案：toytoys9The book which you bought yesterday are so interesting._解析：考查名词。根据后面的“are”可知book应该用复数形式。故把book 改成 books。答案：book改成books10Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see，and