外研版英语选修七 Module 1 Basketball Grammar 1,2 课件 (共55张PPT).ppt

1、Grammar 1,Grammar 1-Activity 1 Read the sentences and answer the questions.,1. Chamberlain averaged over 50 points a game for an entire season. Averaged is a verb describing what Chamberlain did. 2. During this time, his average was more than 30 points a game. Average is a noun telling us what we ar

2、e talking about.,3. Jordan was the second player to score more than 3,000 points in a season. Score is part of “to score” the infinitive of the verb telling us what Jordan did. 4. The final score was 169-147. Score is a noun telling us what we are talking about.,a Whats the difference in the way ave

3、rage and score are used in these sentences? b Does the meaning of the words change when they are used differently? No, it doesnt.,合成 combination 派生 derivation -prefix, suffix 转化 conversion 缩写简写 short form,构词法,转化法 英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。 1. 动词转化为名词。很多动词可以转化为名词，大多意思没有多大的

4、变化(如下(1) )；有时意思有一定变化(如下(2) )；有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作(如下(3) )。例如：,(1) Lets go out for a walk. 我们到外面去散散步吧。 He is a man of strong build. 他是一个体格健壮的汉子。 Lets have a swim. 咱们游泳吧。,We stopped there for a swim. 我们在那儿停下来游了一会儿泳。 This is for winter wear. Dont make it to tight. 这是冬天穿的，别做得太紧。 I like a quiet read a

5、fter supper. 晚饭后我喜欢静静地看一会儿书。 Women have an equal say in everything. 妇女在各方面都有同等的发言权。,2. 名词转化为动词很多表示物件(如下)、身体部位(如下)、某类人(如下)的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，某些抽象名词(如下)也可作动词。例如： Did you book a seat on the plane? 你订好飞机座位了吗? Please hand me the book. 请把那本书递给我。, She nursed her husband back to health. 她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。 We lunche

6、d together. 我们在一起吃了午餐。,1) 许多表示物件的名词可转化为动词来表示动作 Have you booked your ticket? 你订票了吗？ Who chaired the meeting? 谁主持会议？ It can seat a thousand people. 能坐一千人。 We have mapped out plans for their utilization. 我们制定了使用它们的计划。,2) 表示身体某部分的名词转化为动词 Hand in your exercise-books, please. 请把练习本交上来。 Well back you up. 我

7、们将作你的后盾。 Who headed the delegation? 谁任代表团团长？,3) 表示某类人的名词转化为动词 If so, we shall be badly fooled. 如果这样我们就会上大当。 He insisted on staying up to nurse the child. 他坚持不睡觉来护理这个小孩。 We were hosted by members of the embassy. 我们受到大使馆成员的款待。,4) 抽象名词等转化为动词 Where do swallows winter? 燕子在哪里过冬？ We summered by Lake Geneva

8、. 我们在日内瓦湖畔度过夏天。 For six days and nights they battled to save his life. 他们苦战了六昼夜来抢救他的生命。 Through my childhood, I had hungered for education. 我从小就盼望上学。,5) 其他名词转化为动词 Each apartment can house a family of six. 每套房间可以住一户六口之家。 I hope we can room together. 我希望我们能住同一个房间。 This helped to bridge over our diffic

9、ulties. 这帮助我们度过了困难。 They flowered well but bore little fruit. 它们花开得很好，但果结得不多。,3. 形容词转化为动词 The train slowed down to half its speed. 火车速度慢了一半。 This is the chief way of narrowing the difference between them. 这是缩小他们之间差距的主要办法。 Please warm up the dish over the stove. 请把菜放在炉子上加热一下。 The room gradually quiet

10、ed down. 室内慢慢静了下来。,4. 副词转化为动词 This helped to further their unity. 这有助于促进他们的团结。 Truth will out. 真相总会大白的。 3000 workers there downed tools. 那儿三千工人罢工了。 Please forward the letter to my new address. 请把信转到我的新地址。 She will off and do her own things. 她将走掉去做自己的事。,5. 形容词转化为名词。表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词(如下)；某些形容词如old, youn

11、g, poor, rich, wounded, injured 等与 the 连用，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数(如下)。 例如：, You should be dressed in black at the funeral. 你在葬礼中该穿黑色衣服。 The old in our village are living a happy life. 我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。,1. The Chicago Bulls won their first championship in 1991. There was a first championship _ for the Chicago

12、 Bull in 1991.,win,Grammar 1-Activity 2 Rewrite the sentences and tell the differences between them.,2. Jordan surprised everyone when he retired. It was _ for everyone when Jordan retired. 3. They changed the rules of the game to try to stop him. There was _ in the rules to try to stop him.,a surpr

13、ise,a change,Exercise: Rewrite the sentences. Use the verb form of the underlined nouns.,His answer was “No”. He _ “No”. 2.My dream was to play for the Shanghai Sharks. I _ of playing for the Shanghai Sharks.,answered,dreamed,3. The interviewer asked Michael Jordan some questions about his career. T

14、he interview _ Michael Jordan about his career. 4. At the end of the first half the score was 2-0 to China. China _ 2-0 at the end of the first half.,questioned,scored,5. The star of the film was a young basketball player, Leroy. A young basketball player, Leroy, _ in the film.,starred,Grammar 2,Suf

15、fixes,派生法（derivation） 定义：派生法是在一个单词(词根)加上前缀或后缀，构成一个新单词的构词法。 happy unhappy（加前缀） black adj.（黑）to blacken v.（使变黑）,（加后缀）,后缀法（suffixes） 后缀法指在一个单词(词根)上附加后缀，构成新词。例如： 名词兼动词的care的派生词有： careful adj. carefully adv. carefulness n.,Do the exercise on page 10 and answer the questions. What does it mean if a word e

16、nds in ful? What does it mean if a word ends in less?,Answer,It means that it is “full” of that quality. e.g. hopeful = full of hope It is without the quality described by the noun. e.g. hopeless = without hope,词缀法(affixation)指在词上附加前缀或后缀，构成新词。 形容词后缀 1. 带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义 (1) -able,-ible: movable,comfor

17、table, applicable,visible,responsible (2) al:natural,additional,educational (3) an: urban,suburban,republican (4) -ant,-ent:distant,important,excellent (5) -ar:similar,popular,regular,(6) ary:military,voluntary (7) -tic,-ical: politic,systematic,historic, physical (8) -ine:masculine,feminine (9) -in

18、g: moving,touching,daring (10) ish: foolish,bookish,selfish (11) ive: active,impressive,decisive (12) ory:satisfactory,compulsory (13) -il,-ile,-eel:fragile,genteel (文雅的),2. 表示“相象，类似”的含义 (1) ish:boyish,childish (2) esque:picturesque (3) like:manlike,childlike (4) ly:manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly

19、 (5) some:troublesome,handsome (6) -y,milky,pasty,3. 表示“充分的”含义 (1) -ful:beautiful,wonderful,helpful, truthful (2) -ous:dangerous,generous, courageous,various (3) ent:violent,4.表示由某种物质形成，制成或生产的 含义 (1) en:wooden,golden,woolen (2) ous:gaseous (3) fic:scientific 5. 表示方向的含义 (1) ern: eastern,western (2) w

20、ard:downward,forward,6.表示“倍数”的含义 (1) ble:double,treble (2) ple:triple (3) -fold,twofold,tenfold 7. 表示“数量关系”的含义 (1) teen:thirteen (2) ty:fifty (3) th:fourth,fiftieth 8.表示国籍，语种，宗教的含义。,(1) an:Roman,European (2) ese:Chinese,Japanese (3) ish: English,Spanish 9. 表示“比较程度”的含义。(1) er:greater (2) ish:reddish,

21、yellowish (3) est:highest (4) most:foremost,topmost 10. 其他的含义-less,表示否定。 countless,stainless,wireless,Grammar 2-Activity 1 make adjectives ending in ful with the words in the box,beauty care hope pain power wonder,Example: power-powerful,beauty - care - hope - pain - power- wonder-,beautiful careful

22、 hopeful painful powerful wonderful,1. The Chicago Bulls are not as _ as they were when Michael Jordan played for them. 2. When Yao Ming hurt his head, it was very _.,powerful,painful,Grammar 2-Activity 2 Complete the sentences with five adjectives in Activity 1.,3. He had to be very _ when he playe

23、d after the accident. 4. The fans are all _ that the team will do well this year. 5. Its terrible when we lose, but its _ when we win.,careful,hopeful,wonderful,1. What does it mean if a word ends in -ful? It means that it is “full” of that quality. e.g. hopeful=full of hope,Grammar 2-Activity 3 Ans

24、wer the questions:,2. What does it mean if a word ends in -less? It is without the quality described by the noun. e.g. hopeless=without hope 3. How many of the words in Activity 1 can also be followed by less to give the opposite meaning? 4 (care-careless; hope-hopeless; pain- painless; power-powerl

25、ess),4. Can you think of words which mean the opposite of the words in the box ending in -less?,endless homeless selfless worthless,endless-limited; homeless-home-owning; selfless-selfish; worthless-valuable,artist athlete drama energy fantasy,artistic athletic dramatic energetic fantastic,Grammar 2-Activity 4 Make adjectives endi