（吉林专版）2020中考英语复习方案第二篇语法专题突破专题（14）复合句课件.pptx

1、,专题（十四） 复合句,第二篇语法专题突破,考点一引导词,Clause 1宾语从句,（续表）,注意 下列几种情况,宾语从句中的引导词通常用whether: (1)表示“是否”,尤其是直接与or not 连用时,往往用whether。 I dont know whether or not he has come back. 我不知道他是否已经回来了。 (2)在介词后面只能用whether,不能用if。 This depends upon whether we are determined to do it. 这要看我们是否有决心去做。,(3)和动词不定式连用时,只能用whether,不能用if。

2、 He doesnt know whether to stay or not. 他不知道是否要留下来。 (4)在及物动词discuss后的宾语从句中,只能用whether,不能用if。 We discussed whether we should make a change in our plan. 我们讨论了是否应该对计划进行变动。,考点二语序,无论主句是什么语序,在宾语从句中,除了引导词放在从句的句首外,要用陈述语序,即“主语+谓语+”。但是,当连接代词本身在宾语从句中充当主语时,则要保持原来的语序,即“连接代词+谓语+”。 The teacher asked me why I was l

3、ate this morning. 老师问我今天早晨为什么迟到了。 I dont know who is the richest of them. (who在宾语从句中作主语) 我不知道他们中谁最富有。,考点三时态,宾语从句的时态在一定程度上受到主句时态的制约,这种现象被称为前后时态的一致性。宾语从句的时态有以下几种情况: 1.主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际情况可用各种时态。 Do you know who he was talking with at eight last Sunday? 你知道上周日八点他正在和谁谈话吗? 2.主句是一般过去时,从句也应用过去的某种时态。 The teach

4、er wanted to know if her students had finished their homework. 这位老师想知道她的学生是否已完成了家庭作业。,3.当宾语从句是客观真理或客观事实时,其时态不受主句时态影响,仍用一般现在时。 She said the sun rises in the east. 她说太阳从东方升起。 I didnt know you like classical music. 我过去不知道你喜欢古典音乐。,考点四否定前移,在含有think(认为), believe(相信), suppose(设想), expect(期待)等动词的宾语从句中,如果从句中

5、的谓语动词要用否定形式,则其否定式要前移,即将主句的谓语动词think, believe, suppose, expect等变为否定形式。 I dont think you are right. 我认为你不对。,注意 如果宾语从句中有宾语补足语,要使用形式宾语it,将从句放在宾语补足语之后。 I thought it strange that she didnt come. 我认为她没来很奇怪。,考点五宾语从句的简化,当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn等时,宾语从句常可以转换为“特殊疑问词+to do”结构的简单句。

6、I dont know what I should say.I dont know what to say.我不知道要说什么。,状语从句的考查点主要集中在引导状语从句的连词和状语从句的时态等方面。状语从句分为地点状语从句、时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、比较状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句和方式状语从句。现归纳如下:,Clause 2状语从句,（续表）,（续表）,（续表）,（续表）,（续表）,【拓展】 1.主句与从句时态一致的问题 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句的时态一致一般分为下列三种情况: (1)主现从现: 若主句是祈使句或主句中有情态动词,那么从句

7、用一般现在时表示将来。 Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要小心。 The traffic must stop when the lights are red. 当红灯亮时,车辆必须停下来。,(2)主将从现: 主句用一般将来时,而从句用一般现在时表示将来。 I will visit my good friend when I have time. 当我有空时,我将去看望我的好友。 If she is here tomorrow, I will go to the park with her. 如果明天她来这里,我将和她一起去公园。 (3)过去时态:

8、 若主从句都是在叙述过去的事情,则主从句可以用一般过去时或过去进行时。 My sister was playing the piano when I got home yesterday. 昨天我到家时,我妹妹正在弹钢琴。,2.宾语从句和状语从句同时出现 I dont know if(是否) he will come.If(如果) he comes, I will tell him about the accident. 我不知道他是否会来。如果他来的话,我将告诉他这起事故。 I dont know when(什么时候) he will come tomorrow. When(当的时候) he

9、 comes, I will tell him about the news.我不知道他明天什么时候来。当他来时,我将告诉他这个消息。,3.sothat和suchthat的用法,（续表）,（续表）,在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 He is the manwhoI want to see. 他就是我想要见的那个人。 先行词 关系词 定语从句 引导定语从句的有关系代词who, that, which, whom, whose和关系副词when, where, why。一般情况下,如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词,关系

10、词应用who, whom, whose或that;先行词如果是表示物的名词或代词,关系词应用whose, that或which。关系词有三个作用:1.引导定语从句; 2.代替先行词; 3.在定语从句中充当某种成分。,Clause 3定语从句,考点一关系代词的用法,（续表）,（续表）,（续表）,（续表）,【归纳】 1. 关系代词只能用that的情况,（续表）,（续表）,2.关系代词只能用which的情况: (1)当关系词前面有介词,指物时常用which。 The company in which he works is big.他工作的那家公司很大。 (2)非限制性定语从句指物时,多用which

11、。 The result of the experiment was very good, which pleased us. 实验的结果很好,这令我们十分高兴。 (3)如果先行词本身是that或those,只能用which。 This is that which he bought yesterday. 这就是他昨天买的那个(东西)。,考点二关系副词的用法,（续表）,（续表）,【比较】 1.This is the place where I spent my childhood.(表地点,在定语从句中作地点状语) This is the place which/that I visited

12、last summer.(在定语从句中作visited的宾语) 2.Ill never forget the days which/that we spent together.(在定语从句中作spent 的宾语) Ill never forget the days when we lived together in the country. (表时间,在定语从句中作时间状语),3.The reason which/that he gave is that he got up late.(在定语从句中作gave的宾语) The reason why he was late is that he

13、 got up late.(表原因,在定语从句中作原因状语),单项选择 1.2019吉林Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all his students. A.whichB.who C.where,答案B 解析考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。句意:布朗老师是一位对待所有学生都严格要求的老师。本句当中a teacher是先行词,所以只能用指人的关系代词who。故选B。,2.2018吉林Excuse me.I wonder the plane can land on time. Wait a minute, please.Let me check it ou

14、t. A.ifB.which C.that,答案A 解析考查宾语从句。句意: 打扰一下,我想知道这趟航班是否能准时着陆。根据句意可知选A。,3.2018长春Your bicycle is so nice.Could you tell me ? Of course.At the shop near my home. A.where you buy it B.where do you buy it C.where you bought itD.where did you buy it,答案C 解析考查宾语从句。句意:“你的自行车那么好。你能告诉我你在哪儿买的吗?”“当然。在我家附近的商店。”根据宾

15、语从句应用陈述语序原则,可排除B、D两项;又根据句意可知买自行车已是过去,故选C。,4.2018长春Jack likes being with the classmates are outgoing and kind. A.whereB.which C.whenD.who,答案D 解析考查定语从句。句意:杰克喜欢和外向而且善良的同学在一起。该句的先行词classmates指人,因此用who作为关系代词引导定语从句。故选D。,5.2017吉林Ode to Joy(欢乐颂) is a TV play many people like. A.whyB.that C.who,答案B 解析考查定语从句。

16、句意:欢乐颂是一部许多人都喜欢看的电视剧。先行词TV play表示某一事物,关系代词用that。故选B。,6.2017吉林Andy, I wonder_ the new sports clothes. Of course by credit card. A.what you paid for B.how you paid for C.why you paid for,答案B 解析考查宾语从句。句意:“安迪,我想知道你怎样支付这套新运动服的。”“当然是刷信用卡。”答语“by credit card”表示支付的方式,就方式提问应使用疑问副词how。故选B。,7.2016吉林I wonder . Its about an unusual experience of a little girl. A.who wrote the bookB.what the book is about C.how I can get the book 8.2016吉林You look smart in the T-shirt your daughter bought for you. Thanks a lot. A.whichB.who C.whom,B,A,9.2016长春Could yo