复件 时态1.ppt

1、一般现在时 特别用法: 1主句是将来时态或表示将来意义,时间状语从句和条件状语从句,让步状语从句和方式状语从句须用一般现在时表将来,e.g. Ill write to her when I have time. Tell me in case you get into difficulty. Whether you help him or not, he will fail. 2用于“the比较级,the比较级”中,前一个用一般现在时表将来,后一个用一般现在时表将来或一般将来时,e.g. The more you eat, the fatter you （will） become. 3表示按规

2、定、时间表 、计划或安排要发生的动作,用一般现在时表将来,e.g. Are you on duty next weekend? The train leaves at 12:00.,4在make sure （弄清楚）,make certain （弄清楚） ,mind （注意）,watch （注意）,take care （注意,当心） be careful （注意,当心）等后的that从句中用一般现在时表将来,e.g. We must take care that no one sees us. Make sure you lock the door before you leave. 5在it

3、 doesnt matter, I dont care, I dont mind等结构后以及类似结构后的名词性从句用一般现在时表将来,e.g. It doesnt matter where we go on holiday. Does it matter who goes first? I dont care whether we win or lose. 6主句是将来完成时态,从句有by the time 所引导的从句用一般现在时表将来（主句是过去完成时态,从句有by the time 所引导的从句用一般过去时）,e.g. By the time he comes, Ill have lef

4、t. By the time he came, I had left.,一般过去时态 1.特别用法: 1表客气或委婉的现在: I wondered if you were free this evening. I thought you might like some flowers. （注:过去进行时也可表示现在使语气更委婉、客气,eg. I was wondering if you could give me a lift. We were hoping you would stay with us.能这样用的动词主要限于want, wonder , think, hope, intend

5、等少数动词。） 2 一般过去时态用于某些特殊结构中表现在,这些结构主要是its time,I wish, I would rather,if only, as if, as though等:,Its time we started. I wish I knew his name. Id rather you lived with us. 注:would rather等还可用一般过去时表将来.e.g. I would rather you came next Monday. 三.一般将来时（will/shall动原）: 1.表示将来时的常见用法及区别:be to/be going to/be a

6、bout to/bev-ing/be due to/will/shall 动原 1表示某个意图没有经过事先考虑,而是在说话的时候才决定做某事用will -You forget to close the door. -Oh, Ill close it at once. -Ann is in hospital. -Oh,really? I didnt know. Ill go and visit her.,2表示迹象表明要发生某事,则只能用be going to Look at the dark clouds. Its going to rain. 3be going to还有以下用法, 强调主观

7、想法或意图: Im going to wash the car if I have time. （注意:此时 不能用 bev-ing, bev-ing表示将来,主要强调已经作 出的 安排,e.g. Im picking you up at 6:00,dont forget. 强调某个意图是事先考虑好的: -Ann is in hospital. -Yes, I know. Im going to visit her tomorrow.,4be to:命中注定的事,隐含在未来之中的事, I think we are to meet again many years later. 父母让子女,上级

8、让下级做的事,表示命令, Youre to do your homework before you watch TV. 表征求意见,用于问句, Are we to hand in the papers at 10:30? 在if 从句里表示 “将要，一定要” The flower needs watering if it is to survive. 5be about to表示动作之快的将来,其后不能接时间状语,它与be on the point of doing sth.相似, Autumn is about to start. They are on the point of start

9、ing. 6be due to与时间表,旅行计划等有关, The train is due to leave at 7:00. He is due to leave very soon.,五.现在完成时（have/hasp.p.） 1“since过去时间”或“since接that从句（从句中用一般过去时）”则句中用现在完成时,e.g. I havent seen her since last week. Where have you been since I last saw you? 2句中有so far/in （for/during）the past （last）years（months

10、）/up to now/until now等短语则句中谓语用现在完成时,e.g. So far there has been no news. She hasnt had any friends so far. 3“It/This/That is the first （second/third）timethat从句”或“It/This/That is the onlythat从句”或“It/This/That is the 最高级 that从句”从句中谓语用现在完成时 It/This/That is the first time that I have come to Zhejiang. It

11、/This/That is the only party that I have ever really enjoyed in my life. It/This/That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.,六.过去完成时（had p.p.） 1.want /think/hope/plan/mean/expect/intend/suppose等动词的过去完成时不定式的一般式（等于这些动词的一般过去式后接不定式的完成式）,表示过去为曾实现的愿望、打算、想法等e.g. I had meant to come, but someth

12、ing happened.（ I meant to have come, but something happened. ） I had intended to speak at the meeting, but time didnt permit. （ I intended to have spoken at the meeting, but time didnt permit. ） 这种用法在不定式里已讲过。,2.一些特殊句型中的过去完成时: 1“It/This/That was the first （second/third）timethat从句”或“It/This/That was t

13、he onlythat从句”或“It/This/That was the 最高级 that从句”从句中谓语用过去完成时。 2by（ the end of ）过去时间,句中谓语用过去完时 by the time一般过去式,主句中谓语用过去完成时 By the time he came back, we had repaired the machine. We had learnt 3,000 words by the end of last term. By 8:00a.m. yesterday, we had arrived the park.,七.现在进行时（ bev-ing ）: 1.现在

14、进行时与always/forever/constantly / continuously等连用,表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩,e.g. Shes always helping others. Shes constantly changing her mind. 2.动词be的现在进行时,表示一时的表现或暂时的状态,e.g. She is foolish.（生性如此） She is being foolish.（一时的表现） 能这样用的形容词多为angry, careful, clever, stupid, kind, brave, friendly, rude, polite等动态形容

15、词。,八.过去进行时（was/were v-ing ） 1.过去进行时与always/forever/constantly / continuously等连用,表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩,e.g. Shes always helping others. They were always quarrelling. 2.动词be的过去进行时,表示一时的表现或暂时的状态,e.g. She was friendly.（生性如此） She was being friendly.（一时的表现）,九.将来进行时（will/shallbe v-ing） 1.基本用法:表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作,

16、e.g. When I get home at 9:00 tomorrow, my son will be watching TV. 2.表示按计划或安排要发生的动作,e.g. Ill be taking my holidays soon. Well be visiting London next week. 3.用于问句,表客气或委婉的语气.e.g. Will you be having some tea? When will you be paying back my money?,十.将来完成时（will/shallhave p.p.） 1.by（ the end of ）将来时间,句中

17、谓语用将来完成时,e.g. We will have learnt 3,000 words by the end of next term. By 8:00a.m. tomorrow, we will have arrived the park. 2.by the time一般现在时,主句中谓语用将来完成时,e.g. By the time he comes back, we will have repaired the machine. 3.与用一般现在时态表示将来一样,时间状语从句和条件状语从句须用现在完成时表将来,e.g. Ill go with you when I have fini

18、shed my work.等我完成工作以后我就同你去。,十一.现在完成进行时（have/has been v-ing） 1.一般用法:表示现在以前一段时间里一直在进行的动作, 这一动作可能仍在进行,也可能已停止, It has been raining since two days ago.,2.现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别: 1现在完成时可以表示一个已经完成的动作,而现在完成进行时表示一个正在进行的动作,e.g. I have read the book. I have been reading the book. 2现在完成时只陈述一个事实,但现在完成进行时可表示感情色彩,e.g. I

19、 have waited three hours. I have been waiting three hours.（等得好辛苦） 3现在完成进行时常用来谈论较短暂的动作或情况,而现在完成时谈论延续较长的动作或情况,甚至永久情况,e.g. He has lived in Paris. He has been living in Paris.,十二.过去将来完成时（would havep.p.） 表示在过去看来将来某个时候已经完成的动作,e.g. She said she would have finished her exams by then. 强化训练: 1.（2005湖南）Since I

20、 won the big prize, my telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People_ to ask how I am going to spend the money. A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning 2.（2005北京）As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when_ and see him. A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come 3.（2005江西）-

21、Hurry up！Alice and Sue are waiting,D,A,for you at the school gate. -Oh！I thought they _ without me. went B. are going C. have gone D.had gone 4. （2005江苏）They_ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we _ it as no good results have come out so far. A.had been working, are sti

22、ll working B. had worked, were still working C. have been working, have worked D. have worked, are still working 5. （2005辽宁）Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didnt want her parents to know what she _. A. has done B.had done C. was doing D. is doing,D,A,C,6. （2005安徽）The man

23、ager had fallen asleep where he _ ,without undressing. A. was laying B. was lying C. had laid D. had lied 7. （2005上海）More than a dozen students in that school_ abroad to study medicine last year. A.sent B. were sent C. had sent C. had been sent 8. （2005山东）The country life he is used to _ greatly sin

24、ce 1992. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed 9. （2005湖北）When the old man _ to walk back to his house, the sun _ itself behind the mountains. A. started, had already hiddenB. had started, had already hidden C. had started, was hiding D. was starting, hid,B,B,B,A,10. （2005天津）By the time

25、Jane gets home, her aunt _ for London to attend a meeting. A.will leave B. leaves C. will have left D.left 11. （2004湖南）Turn on the television or open a magazine and you_ advertisement showing happy families. A.will often see B. often see C. are often seeing D. have often seen 12.（2004湖南）-I hear Jans

26、 has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday. -Oh,how nice！Do you know when she_ ? A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. left 13. （2003） All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness_.,C,A,D,has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown 14. （2002） You havent sa

27、id a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it? - Im sorry I_ anything about it sooner. I certainly think its pretty on you. wasnt saying B.dont sayC.wont say D.didnt say 15.（2001）I _ ping-pong quite well,but I havent had time to play since the new year A. will play B.have played C. played D. p

28、lay 16. （2001）Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly. A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will changed,C,D,D,A,17. （2000） Youve left the light on. -Oh, so I have._ and turn it off. A. Ill go B. Ive gone C. I go D. Im going 18.（2000

29、）The reporter said that the UFO_ east to west when he saw it. A. was travelling B.travelled C. had been travelling D.was to travel 19. （1999）- Hey, look where you are going！ -Oh, Im terribly sorry. _. A. Im not noticing B. I wasnt not noticing C. I havent noticed D. I dont notice 20.（1998）-Nancy is not coming tonight. -But she _ ！ A.promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised,A,A,B,B,21.（1998）Shirley_ a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it. A. has written B. wrote C. had written D.wa