2024年英语专业四级考试真题和答案分析

2024年英语专业四级考试真题和答案分析一、听写（Dictation）真题原文："TheInternethaschangedthewayweliveandwork.Ithasmadeinformationmoreaccessibleandcommunicationmoreconvenient.ThroughtheInternet,wecaneasilyaccessnews,studymaterials,andentertainmentresourcesfromallovertheworld.Moreover,onlineshoppinghasbecomeapopularwayofconsumption,allowingustobuyproductswithoutleavinghome.However,theInternetalsobringssomeproblems.Forexample,itmayexposeustofalseinformationandcyber-attacks.WeneedtobecautiouswhenusingtheInternettoprotectourpersonalinformationandprivacy."答案分析：-词汇方面：整体词汇较为基础，但像“accessible”“consumption”“cyber-attacks”“privacy”等词可能对部分考生有一定难度。“accessible”要注意拼写中“cess”部分，“consumption”的“tion”发音和拼写需准确掌握。“cyber-attacks”是合成词，考生要能正确识别并书写。“privacy”发音易错，容易写成“privice”。-语法方面：句子结构清晰，但一些语法点需要留意。如“haschanged”“hasmade”是现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。“ThroughtheInternet”是介词短语作方式状语，“allowingustobuyproducts...”是现在分词短语作伴随状语。考生需准确把握句子成分和语法结构，避免听写时出现语序混乱。-标点方面：标点符号的正确使用也是关键。如段落中使用了句号、逗号、冒号等。句号用于句子结尾，逗号用于分隔句子成分。考生要根据停顿和语义准确添加标点。二、听力理解（ListeningComprehension）（一）对话（Conversations）Conversation1-题目：1.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anewrestaurantintown.B.Acookingclass.C.Afoodfestival.D.ArecipeforItalianpasta.2.Whydoesthewomanwanttogototheevent?A.Tomeetfamouschefs.B.Tolearnnewcookingskills.C.Totastedifferentkindsoffood.D.Topromoteherownrestaurant.-听力原文：M:Haveyouheardaboutthefoodfestivalthisweekend?W:No,Ihaven't.What'sitabout?M:It'sagreatevent.Therewillbeallkindsoffoodstallsfromdifferentcountries.YoucantasteItalianpasta,Frenchpastries,andChinesedumplings.W:Soundsamazing!Ilovetryingdifferentfoods.Idefinitelywanttogo.-答案分析：-第1题：答案选C。对话开头男士就提到“thefoodfestivalthisweekend”，接着描述了节日里有来自不同国家的美食摊位，所以两人主要谈论的是美食节，A选项新餐厅、B选项烹饪课、D选项意大利面食谱都不符合对话主旨。-第2题：答案选C。女士听到男士介绍美食节后说“Ilovetryingdifferentfoods.Idefinitelywanttogo”，表明她想去的原因是品尝不同种类的食物，A选项见著名厨师、B选项学习新烹饪技巧、D选项推广自己的餐厅在对话中均未提及。Conversation2-题目：3.Whatistheman'sproblem?A.Helosthiswallet.B.Hemissedhistrain.C.Hecan'tfindhisIDcard.D.Heforgothispassword.4.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Attherailwaystation.B.Atthebank.C.Attheairport.D.Atthepolicestation.-听力原文：M:I'minbigtrouble.Ican'tfindmyIDcardanywhere.Ineedittoboardtheplane.W:Calmdown.Haveyoucheckedallyourbags?M:Yes,Ihave.I'velookedeverywhere.W:Maybeyouleftitatthesecuritycheckpoint.Let'sgobackandcheck.-答案分析：-第3题：答案选C。男士明确表示“Ican'tfindmyIDcardanywhere”，所以他的问题是找不到身份证，A选项丢钱包、B选项错过火车、D选项忘记密码都与原文不符。-第4题：答案选C。从男士提到“needittoboardtheplane”以及女士说的“securitycheckpoint”可以判断对话最可能发生在机场，A选项火车站、B选项银行、D选项警察局都不符合情境。（二）短文（Passages）Passage1-题目：5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thehistoryofbicycles.B.Thebenefitsofcycling.C.Thedifferenttypesofbicycles.D.Thepopularityofcyclingcompetitions.6.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofcycling?A.Ithelpstoimprovephysicalhealth.B.Itisanenvironmentally-friendlywayoftransportation.C.Itcansavemoneyontransportation.D.Itcanincreasetheriskoftrafficaccidents.-听力原文：Cyclingisawonderfulactivitywithmanybenefits.Firstofall,itisagreatformofexercise.Itcanstrengthenyourmuscles,improveyourcardiovascularhealth,andincreaseyourendurance.Secondly,cyclingisanenvironmentally-friendlywayoftransportation.Itdoesn'tproduceanypollution.Moreover,itcansaveyoumoneyontransportationcostsasyoudon'tneedtobuygasorpayforpublictransportation.Inaddition,cyclingcanbealotoffun,whetheryouareridingaloneorwithfriends.-答案分析：-第5题：答案选B。短文围绕骑自行车的好处展开，提到了对健康的益处、环保以及节省交通费用等，A选项自行车的历史、C选项不同类型的自行车、D选项自行车比赛的流行度都不是短文的主要内容。-第6题：答案选D。短文中提到骑自行车能增强肌肉、改善心血管健康（A选项），是环保的交通方式（B选项），还能节省交通费用（C选项），并没有说会增加交通事故的风险，所以D选项不符合文意。Passage2-题目：7.Whatistheaveragelifespanofawildelephant?A.About30years.B.About50years.C.About70years.D.About90years.8.Whyareelephantsfacingextinction?A.Becauseofhabitatloss.B.Becauseofillegalhunting.C.BothAandB.D.Becauseofnaturaldisasters.-听力原文：ElephantsarethelargestlandanimalsonEarth.Inthewild,theycanliveuptoabout70years.However,thesemagnificentcreaturesarefacingextinction.Oneofthemainreasonsishabitatlossduetohumanactivitiessuchasdeforestationandurbanexpansion.Anothermajorthreatisillegalhuntingfortheirivorytusks.-答案分析：-第7题：答案选C。原文明确提到“Inthewild,theycanliveuptoabout70years”，所以野生大象的平均寿命约为70年。-第8题：答案选C。文中指出大象面临灭绝的原因一是“habitatlossduetohumanactivities”，二是“illegalhuntingfortheirivorytusks”，即栖息地丧失和非法捕猎，所以选C，D选项自然灾害在文中未提及。三、语言知识（LanguageKnowledge）-题目：9.Theprofessor,aswellashisstudents,______interestedinthenewresearchfindings.A.isB.areC.wasD.were-答案分析：答案选A。当主语后面跟有aswellas连接的短语时，谓语动词要与前面的主语保持一致。本题中前面的主语是Theprofessor，是第三人称单数，且句子描述的是一般情况，用一般现在时，所以谓语动词用is。10.Ican'tstand______inqueuesforalongtime.A.towaitB.waitingC.waitD.waited-答案分析：答案选B。“standdoingsth.”是固定用法，表示“忍受做某事”，所以这里用waiting。11.HespokesofastthatIcouldhardly______whathesaid.A.makeoutB.makeupC.makeforD.makeoff-答案分析：答案选A。“makeout”有“理解、辨认出”的意思，“makeup”表示“组成、编造”，“makefor”意为“走向、有助于”，“makeoff”表示“匆忙离开”。根据语境，他说得太快，“我”几乎不能理解他说的话，所以选A。12.Thebookis______moreinterestingthantheoneIreadlastweek.A.veryB.farC.quiteD.fairly-答案分析：答案选B。“far”可以用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级，加强程度，而“very”“quite”“fairly”一般不能修饰比较级，所以选B。13.______isknowntoall,theearthmovesaroundthesun.A.AsB.ThatC.ItD.What-答案分析：答案选A。“Asisknowntoall”是固定结构，意为“众所周知”，as引导非限定性定语从句，可置于句首，而“it”作形式主语时，常用“Itisknowntoallthat...”结构，“that”和“what”不符合该语境。14.Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______passedtheexam.A.haveB.hasC.hadD.having-答案分析：答案选B。当“oneof+复数名词+定语从句”结构中，若one前有theonly等修饰时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。本题中who引导的定语从句修饰theonlyone，所以谓语动词用has。15.Theoldmaninsistedthathe______rightandthattheplan______carriedoutatonce.A.was;beB.be;shouldbeC.was;wouldbeD.is;is-答案分析：答案选A。第一个that引导的宾语从句中，insisted表示“坚持认为”，从句用陈述语气，根据语境用一般过去时was；第二个that引导的宾语从句中，insisted表示“坚决要求”，从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可省略，所以用becarriedout。16.______theweatherwasfine,Iopenedallthewindows.A.AsB.ForC.BecauseofD.Sincethat-答案分析：答案选A。“As”表示“由于、因为”，引导原因状语从句，语气较弱；“For”表示原因时，一般不置于句首；“Becauseof”后面接名词或名词短语；“Sincethat”表述错误。这里用As引导原因状语从句符合语境。17.Theproblemis______difficultforus______workout.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.too;toD.enough;to-答案分析：答案选C。“too...to...”表示“太……而不能……”，“so...that...”和“such...that...”引导结果状语从句，“enough...to...”表示“足够……去做……”，根据句子意思“这个问题对我们来说太难而不能解决”，所以选C。18.Weshouldrespecttheold,fortheyhave______richexperienceandwisdom.A.aB.anC.theD./-答案分析：答案选D。“experience”作“经验”讲时是不可数名词，前面不用冠词，所以选D。四、完型填空（Cloze）真题原文：Manypeoplebelievethatzoosarecruelandshouldbecloseddown.However,zooscanactuallyplayapositiveroleinconservation.Zoosprovideasafe__19__forendangeredanimals.Theyprotecttheseanimalsfrompoachersandhabitatdestruction.Inaddition,zoosoftenengageinbreedingprograms.Theseprogramshelpto__20__thepopulationofendangeredspecies.Zoosalsoserveaseducationalinstitutions.Theyoffervisitorstheopportunitytolearnaboutdifferentanimalsandtheirhabitats.Thiscanincreasepublic__21__ofconservationissues.Forexample,whenpeopleseeararespeciesupclose,theyaremorelikelytounderstandtheimportanceofprotectingit.Moreover,zooscontributetoscientificresearch.Scientistscanstudyanimalsinzoostogainabetterunderstandingoftheirbehavior,physiology,andgenetics.Thisknowledgecanbeusedtodevelop__22__conservationstrategies.However,itisimportanttoensurethatzoosmeethighstandardsofanimalwelfare.Animalsinzoosshouldhaveenoughspacetomovearound,properfoodandmedicalcare.Ifzoosfailtoprovidethesebasicneeds,theyareindeedcruelandshouldbe__23__.-题目及答案分析：19.A.homeB.shelterC.placeD.house-答案：B。“shelter”有“庇护所、避难所”的意思，在这里表示动物园为濒危动物提供一个安全的庇护所，符合语境。“home”强调家的概念；“place”比较宽泛；“house”主要指房屋，所以选B。20.A.expandB.extendC.increaseD.enlarge-答案：C。“increase”表示数量上的增加，“increasethepopulation”表示增加种群数量，符合文意。“expand”主要指范围、面积等的扩大；“extend”有延伸、延长的意思；“enlarge”通常指尺寸、规模等的扩大，所以选C。21.A.awarenessB.attentionC.concernD.interest-答案：A。“increasepublicawarenessof...”表示“提高公众对……的意识”，动物园通过展示动物让游客了解动物和它们的栖息地，从而提高公众对保护问题的意识，所以选A。“attention”强调注意力；“concern”表示关心；“interest”表示兴趣。22.A.effectiveB.efficientC.affectiveD.effectual-答案：A。“effective”表示“有效的”，强调有实际效果，“effectiveconservationstrategies”表示有效的保护策略，符合语境。“efficient”侧重于效率高；“affective”主要用于心理学领域，指情感的；“effectual”也表示有效，但更强调能达到预期效果，通常用于描述行动或措施产生的结果，所以选A。23.A.closedB.openedC.improvedD.reformed-答案：A。前文提到如果动物园不能满足动物的基本需求就是残忍的，所以应该关闭，“closed”符合文意，“opened”表示开放；“improved”表示改进；“reformed”表示改革，所以选A。五、阅读理解（ReadingComprehension）（一）选择题（Multiple-ChoiceQuestions）Passage1Inthedigitalage,thewaywereadhaschangedsignificantly.E-bookshavebecomeincreasinglypopular,offeringconvenienceandawiderangeofreadingmaterials.However,somepeoplestillprefertraditionalprintedbooks.E-bookshaveseveraladvantages.Theyareportableandcanstorethousandsofbooksinasingledevice.Youcancarryawholelibrarywithyouwhereveryougo.Moreover,e-booksareoftencheaperthanprintedbooks,andyoucandownloadtheminstantly.Theyalsoofferfeatureslikeadjustablefontsizes,whichareespeciallyusefulforpeoplewithpooreyesight.Ontheotherhand,printedbookshavetheirowncharm.Thefeelofthepaper,thesmelloftheink,andtheabilitytoflipthroughthepagesareuniqueexperiencesthatmanyreaderscherish.Printedbooksdonotrequireanyelectronicdevices,soyoucanreadthemanywherewithoutworryingaboutbatterylifeortechnicalproblems.24.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thepopularityofe-books.B.Theadvantagesofprintedbooks.C.Thecomparisonbetweene-booksandprintedbooks.D.Thechangesinthewaywereadinthedigitalage.-答案分析：答案选C。文章既介绍了电子书的优点，如便携、便宜、有可调节字体大小等功能，又阐述了纸质书的魅力，如纸张的触感、墨水的味道等，是对电子书和纸质书的比较，A选项只强调了电子书的流行，B选项只提及纸质书的优点，D选项“阅读方式的变化”不是文章的核心，所以选C。25.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisanadvantageofe-books?A.Theyhaveabettersmell.B.Theycanbereadwithoutelectronicdevices.C.Theyaremoreexpensive.D.Theycanstorealargenumberofbooksinonedevice.-答案分析：答案选D。文中提到“theycanstorethousandsofbooksinasingledevice”，说明电子书可以在一个设备里存储大量书籍，A选项“有更好的味道”是纸质书的特点；B选项“无需电子设备就能阅读”不符合电子书的情况；C选项“更贵”与文中“e-booksareoftencheaperthanprintedbooks”相悖，所以选D。26.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Everyonewillchoosee-booksinthefuture.B.Printedbookswilldisappearsoon.C.Bothe-booksandprintedbookshavetheirownsupporters.D.E-booksarebetterthanprintedbooksineveryaspect.-答案分析：答案选C。文章提到“somepeoplestillprefertraditionalprintedbooks”，说明虽然电子书有很多优点，但还是有人喜欢纸质书，即两者都有各自的支持者，A选项“未来每个人都会选择电子书”过于绝对；B选项“纸质书很快会消失”不符合文意；D选项“电子书在各方面都比纸质书好”与文中对纸质书优点的描述不符，所以选C。Passage2Theimportanceofsleepcannotbeoverstated.Lackofsleepcanhaveseriousconsequencesforourphysicalandmentalhealth.Itcanleadtofatigue,decreasedconcentration,andaweakenedimmunesystem.Inaddition,chronicsleepdeprivationhasbeenlinkedtoobesity,diabetes,andheartdisease.Gettingenoughsleepisespeciallyimportantforstudents.Ithelpsthemtoperformbetterinschool.Whenstudentsarewell-rested,theyaremorelikelytobefocused,engaged,andabletolearneffectively.Agoodnight'ssleepcanalsoimprovememoryandcreativity.Toensureagoodnight'ssleep,itisimportanttoestablisharegularsleepschedule.Gotobedandwakeupatthesametimeeveryday,evenonweekends.Avoidusingelectronicdevicesbeforebedtime,asthebluelightemittedbythesedevicescaninterferewithsleep.Createacomfortablesleepenvironment,suchasadark,quiet,andcoolroom.27.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Thecausesofsleepdeprivation.B.Thebenefitsofexerciseforsleep.C.Theimportanceofsleepandhowtogetenoughofit.D.Therelationshipbetweensleepanddiet.-答案分析：答案选C。文章前半部分强调了睡眠对身心健康的重要性，后半部分给出了保证良好睡眠的建议，如建立规律的睡眠时间表、避免睡前使用电子设备等，A选项“睡眠不足的原因”未提及；B选项“运动对睡眠的好处”文章未涉及；D选项“睡眠和饮食的关系”也没有在文中体现，所以选C。28.Accordingtothepassage,lackofsleepcancauseallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.A.fatigueB.increasedconcentrationC.aweakenedimmunesystemD.obesity-答案分析：答案选B。文中提到“Lackofsleepcanhaveseriousconsequencesforourphysicalandmentalhealth.Itcanleadtofatigue,decreasedconcentration,andaweakenedimmunesystem.Inaddition,chronicsleepdeprivationhasbeenlinkedtoobesity,diabetes,andheartdisease”，说明睡眠不足会导致疲劳、免疫力下降、肥胖等，而不是提高注意力，所以选B。29.Whatcanstudentsdotoperformbetterinschoolaccordingtothepassage?A.Stayuplatetostudy.B.Useelectronicdevicesbeforebedtime.C.Getenoughsleep.D.Eatalotbeforegoingtobed.-答案分析：答案选C。文中明确指出“Gettingenoughsleepisespeciallyimportantforstudents.Ithelpsthemtoperformbetterinschool”，A选项“熬夜学习”会导致睡眠不足，不利于学习；B选项“睡前使用电子设备”会干扰睡眠；D选项“睡前吃很多”文章未提及与学习表现的关系，所以选C。（二）简答题（Short-AnswerQuestions）Passage3Climatechangeisoneofthemostpressingissuesofourtime.TheEarth'stemperatureisrisingatanalarmingrate,mainlyduetotheincreaseingreenhousegasemissions.Theseemissionscomefromvarioussources,suchasburningfossilfuelsforenergy,deforestation,andindustrialprocesses.Theconsequencesofclimatechangearefar-reaching.Risingsealevelsthreatencoastalcommunities,andextremeweathereventslikehurricanes,droughts,andfloodsarebecomingmorefrequentandsevere.Inaddition,climatechangehasasignificantimpactonbiodiversity.Manyspeciesarestrugglingtoadapttothechangingclimate,andsomemayevenfaceextinction.Toaddressclimatechange,governments,businesses,andindividualsallhavearoletoplay.Governmentscanimplementpoliciestoreducegreenhousegasemissions,suchaspromotingrenewableenergysourcesandimposingcarbontaxes.Businessescaninvestinsustainablepracticesandtechnologies.Individualscanmakesmallchangesintheirdailylives,suchasreducingenergyconsumption,usingpublictransportation,andrecycling.30.Whatarethemainsourcesofgreenhousegasemissionsaccordingtothepassage?-答案：Themainsourcesofgreenhousegasemissionsareburningfossilfuelsforenergy,deforestation,andindustrialprocesses.-分析：文章明确提到“Theseemissionscomefromvarioussources,suchasburningfossilfuelsforenergy,deforestation,andindustrialprocesses”，所以答案就是这三个方面。31.Whataretheconsequencesofclimatechangementionedinthepassage?-答案：Theconsequencesincluderisingsealevelsthreateningcoastalcommunities,morefrequentandsevereextremeweatherevents(likehurricanes,droughts,andfloods),andasignificantimpactonbiodiversitywithmanyspeciesstrugglingtoadaptandsomefacingextinction.-分析：文中第二段详细阐述了气候变化的后果，从海平面上升、极端天气事件以及对生物多样性的影响等方面进行了说明，答题时需要全面概括。32.Whatcanindividualsdotoaddressclimatechange?-答案：Individualscanmakesmallchangesintheirdailylives,suchasreducingenergyconsumption,usingpublictransportation,andrecycling.-分析：文章最后一段提到了个人在应对气候变化方面可以采取的措施，即减少能源消耗、使用公共交通和进行回收利用。六、写作（Writing）题目：Somepeoplethinkthattraditionalfestivalsarelosingtheirappealinmodernsociety.Writeanessaytodiscussthisview.Youshouldpresentyourownopinionwithappropriatereasonsandexamples.参考范文：Inmodernsociety,thereisagrowingconcernthattraditionalfestivalsarelosingtheirappeal.Whileitistruethatthepopularityoftraditionalfestivalshasfacedsomechallenges,Ifirmlybelievethattheystillholdsignificantvalueandwillcontinuetobeanimportantpartofourculture.OneofthereasonswhysomepeoplethinktraditionalfestivalsarelosingtheircharmistheinfluenceofWesternculture.Withtheglobalizationprocess,WesternfestivalssuchasChristmasandValentine'sDayhavebecomeincreasinglypopular,especiallyamongtheyoungergeneration.Forexample,onChristmasEve,manyshoppingmallsaredecoratedwithChristmastreesandlights,andpeopleexchangegiftsandhaveparties.Incontrast,sometraditionalfestivalsmayseemlessexcitingandmodern.However,traditionalfestivalsaredeeplyrootedinourhistoryandculture.Theycarrythevaluesandtraditionsofourancestors.TaketheSpringFestivalasanexample.Itisatimeforfamilyreunions.Peopletravellongdistancestobewiththeirfamilies,havedeliciousmealstogether,andsetofffireworks.Theseactivitiesstrengthenfamilybondsandpassonculturaltraditionsfromonegenerationtothenext.Moreover,traditionalfestivalsalsoplayanimportantroleinpromotinglocaleconomies.DuringfestivalsliketheDragonBoatFestival,therearedragonboatracesandthesaleofzongzi(traditionalricedumplings).Theseactivitiesattracttouristsandboostlocalbusinesses.Inconclusion,althoughtraditionalfestivalsmayfacesomecompetitionfromWesternfestivalsandmodernlifestyles,theystillhaveuniquecharmandvalue.Weshouldtakemeasurestoprotectandpromotethem,suchasorganizingmoreculturalactivitiesduringfestivalsandeducatingtheyoungergenerationabouttheirsignificance.答案分析：-内容方面：文章开头明确回应了题目中“传统节日在现代社会失去吸引力”这一观点，并表明自己的立场。接着分析了人们认为传统节日失去吸引力的原因，即受西方文化影响，然后从传统节日承载文化价值、促进家庭团聚以及推动地方经济等方面阐述了传统节日仍然具有重要意义，最后得出结论并提出保护和推广传统节日的建议，内容完整，观点明确。-结构方面：采用了总分总的结构。开头提出话题和观点，中间分别从不同角度进行论述，结尾总结全文并升华主题，层次清晰，逻辑连贯。-语言方面：使用了一些连接词和短语，如“While”“However”“Moreover”等，使文章过渡自然。同时，运用了一些具体的例子，如圣诞节、春节、端午节等，增强了文章的说服力。语法和词汇运用正确，表达流畅。七、翻译（Translation）（一）汉译英中国文化源远流长，其中传统节日是其重要组成部分。春节是中国最重要的传统节日，人们通常会在春节期间进行大扫除，寓意扫除过去一年的晦气。贴春联也是春节的重要习俗，春联上的文字表达了人们对新年的美好祝愿。此外，吃年夜饭、守岁等活动也充满了欢乐和团圆的氛围。参考译文：Chineseculturehasalonghistory,andtraditionalfestivalsareanimportantpartofit.TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportanttraditionalfestivalinChina.Peopleusuallydoathoroughcle