2025年北京门头沟区高三一模英语高考模拟试卷（含答案详解）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页门头沟区2025年高三年级综合练习英语本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ihadjuststeppedintotheschoollibrarytoprepareformyresearchpaper.Iwaslookingthroughtheshelvesforareferencebookwhena(n)caughtmyattention.“Therewillbeasciencecompetitionnextmonth.Allstudentsinterestedarewelcometoparticipate.”Myclassmatesaroundmestarteddiscussingitenthusiasticallyandaskedme,“Areyougoingtojoin,Tom?”“Whynot?”Ireplied.Ihadnoincompetitionsbefore,butIthoughtitwouldbeagreatopportunitytochallengemyself.Thenextday,therewasacrowdofstudentsgatheringinthesciencelabtosignup.Everyoneseemeddetermined.Ihadn'tplannedtogetinthisatfirst.ButnowthatIwashere,Ifeltabitoverwhelmed(不知所措的).WhatifIcouldn'tmeettherequirements?Ifilledouttheregistrationformandtheteachermybasicknowledgeinscience.ShethenaskedmewhicheventIwantedtotakepartin.Theteacherencouragedmeandgavemesomeadvice.IfeltlikeIhada,soIsaid,“Themostchallengingone.”Shesaidshewaslookingforwardtomyperformance.Istartedtoworry.WhatifIdisappointedher?Afewweekslater,thepreparationmaterialswerebytheteacher.ThenIstartedtostudyintensively.Whenthecompetitiondayfinallyarrived,Iwasbothnervousandexcited.Duringthecompetition,Itriedtoanswerallthequestions.AndwhenIsawtheontheteacher'sfaceafterthecompetition,IknewIhaddoneagoodjob.Aftertheresultswereannounced,IfoundoutthatIhadwonthefirstprize.Itwasanamazingfeeling.Andwhenmyclassmatesstartedme,thatmademefeelextremelyproud.Ittaughtmethatbynewchallenges,IcouldachievemorethanIeverimagined.1．A．notice B．invitation C．reminder D．instruction2．A．degree B．difficulty C．potential D．experience3．A．addicted B．caught C．trapped D．involved4．A．generally B．suddenly C．constantly D．originally5．A．explained B．exchanged C．examined D．extended6．A．credit B．change C．choice D．dream7．A．distributed B．destroyed C．reserved D．stored8．A．satisfaction B．disappointment C．curiosity D．anxiety9．A．comforting B．congratulating C．encouraging D．accompanying10．A．meetingwith B．callingfor C．takingon D．preparingfor第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。Everyculturehasuniquesocialcustoms,oftenleadingtosurprises.Lastyear,inSouthKorea,I11(give)awrappedgiftandlearnedit’spolitetoopengiftsprivately.Incontrast,inBrazil,hostsopenbirthdaygiftsimmediately.Theseshowhowculturalcustomsvaryinlarge12(quantity).Overtheyears,I13(learn)thatunderstandingthesedifferencescanhelpavoidmisunderstandingsfromdiversebackgrounds.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。Wetlands,knownasthe“kidneysoftheearth,”arecrucialecosystemsbetweenlandandwater.When14(view)fromadistance,wetlandslookverypeacefulandbeautiful.Actingasnature’spurifiers,theycancleanwater,preventfloodsandofferhabitats,soexpertsemphasize15needstobedonetoprotectwetlandsandensuretheir16(survive).Inrecentyears,manynationshavemade17(big)effortsthaneverbeforetopreserveandrestoretheseinvaluablenaturalareas.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。Emma,akind-heartedvolunteer,hasvisitedover50orphanagesgloballytobringjoytoneedykids.Heraimistoinspireothers18(share)withthelessfortunateselflessly.Lately,shewenttoacharitableinstitutionforkidsinKenyan,19thechildrenwelcomedherwithpleasantsmilesandsongs.Emmathrewherselfintovariousactivities20hesitation,immediatelymakingtheatmosphereevenmorelively.Emmahastouchedcountlesschildren,showingthemboundlesslove.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAreyoupassionateaboutcommunitydevelopmentandeagertomakeapositiveimpact?Joinourvolunteerprogramandcontributetomeaningfulprojectsthatbenefitlocalcommunities.Whetheryou’reinterestedineducation,environmentalconservation,orpublichealth,wehavearoleforyou!PositionsAvailable:·EducationSupportVolunteer:Assistinteachingfoundationalreadingandmathtochildreninunderservedareas.Nopriorteachingexperienceisrequired—justenthusiasmandawillingnesstolearn.You’llworkcloselywithlocalteacherstocreateinterestinglessonsandsupportstudents’learningjourneys.·EnvironmentalConservationVolunteer:Helpwithtreeplanting,clean-updrivesandawarenesscampaignstoprotectnaturalresources.Thisroleisperfectforthosewhocareaboutsustainabilityandwanttomakeagreatdifferenceintheircommunity.·HealthOutreachVolunteer:Supporthealthclinicsbyorganizingworkshops,distributingsuppliesandpromotingwellnessprograms.You’llplayakeyroleinimprovingaccesstohealthcareforvulnerable(脆弱的)populations.BenefitsofVolunteering:·Gainhands-onexperienceincommunitydevelopment.·Developteamwork,communicationandleadershipskills.·Receiveacertificateofparticipationandaletterofrecommendation.·Makelastingconnectionswithlike-mindedindividuals.Requirements:·Mustbe18yearsorolder.·Committoatleast10hoursperweekforaminimumof3months.·Attendaone-dayintroductionlessonbeforestarting.HowtoApply:Visitourwebsiteandfillouttheonlineapplicationform.ApplicationscloseonMay31,2025.Joinustodayandbepartofamovementthattransformslivesandcommunities!21．Whatisthemainresponsibilityofaneducationsupportvolunteer?A．Helpingwithstudents’housework. B．Creatingsomechallenginglessons.C．Organizingsomehealthworkshops. D．Improvingchildren’sreadingandmathskills.22．Whatisonebenefitmentionedforvolunteers?A．Receivingapaidsalary. B．Developingpracticalskills.C．Gettingafreeuniversitydegree. D．Travelingwithlike-mindedindividuals.23．IfLiHuawantstoapplyforthejob,whatrequirementwillheneedtomeet?A．Heshouldbeatleast21yearsold.B．Heshouldcommitto20hoursperweek.C．Heshouldfinishaone-daytrainingsession.D．Heshouldhavepreviousteachingexperience.BWhenSarahwas12yearsold,shewasdiagnosedwitharareconditionthataffectedherabilitytowalk.Doctorstoldhershemightneverrunagain.ButSarahrefusedtoacceptthis.Shehadalwayslovedrunning,andthethoughtoflosingitwasunbearable.Withdeterminationandthesupportofherfamily,shebeganalonganddifficultjourneytoregainherstrength.Formonths,Sarahunderwentphysicaltherapy,spendinghourseachdayrelearninghowtomoveherlegs.Progresswasslow,andthereweredayswhenshefeltlikegivingup.Buthermotheralwaysremindedher,“Everystepforward,nomatterhowsmall,isavictory.”ThesewordsbecameSarah’smotto,pushinghertokeepgoing.Shestartedbytakingafewstepswithawalker,thenprogressedtowalkingshortdistancesonherown.Eachmilestone,nomatterhowsmall,filledherwithhope.Bythetimesheturned15,Sarahhadmadesignificantprogress.Shecouldwalkshortdistanceswithoutassistance,butrunningstillseemedlikeadistantdream.That’swhenshemetCoachMiller,aformermarathonrunnerwhobelievedinherpotential.HedesignedaspecialtrainingprogramforSarah,focusingonbuildingherenduranceandconfidence.“Youhavetheheartofarunner,”hetoldher.“Nowwejustneedtotrainyourbodytokeepup.”ThefirsttimeSarahtriedtorun,sheonlymanagedafewstepsbeforecollapsingintears.ButCoachMillerwasthere,encouraginghertotryagain.“Failureisjustasteponthepathtosuccess,”hesaid.Overthenextyear,Sarahtrainedtirelessly,graduallyincreasingherdistanceandspeed.Shefacedsetbacks,includingmusclepainandmomentsofself-doubt,butshenevergaveup.At17,Sarahenteredherfirstrace—alocal5K.Shedidn’twin,butshecrossedthefinishlinewithasmileonherface.ForSarah,itwasn’taboutwinning;itwasaboutprovingtoherselfthatshecoulddoit.Today,Sarahisacompetitiverunnerandaninspirationtoothersfacingchallenges.Herstoryremindsusthatwithpersistenceandsupport,eventhetoughestobstaclescanbeovercome.24．WhatwasSarah’sinitialreactiontoherdisease?A．Sheaccepteditimmediately.B．Shefeltrelievedtostoprunning.C．Shedecidedtofocusonotherhobbies.D．Shedidn’tbelieveshecouldn’trunagain.25．WhichwordwouldbestdescribeSarah’smother’swords?A．Imaginative. B．Encouraging. C．Constructive. D．Entertaining.26．WhydidCoachMiller’strainingprogramfocusonenduranceandconfidence?A．BecauseSarahneededtoovercomephysicalandmentalbarriers.B．BecauseSarahhadlittlepotentialinrunninglongdistances.C．BecauseSarahwantedtowinracesquickly.D．BecauseSarahsufferedfrommusclepain.27．WhatdidSarah’sparticipationinthe5Kraceshow?A．Herneedtoimpressothers.B．Herdeterminationtowinatallcosts.C．Herdesiretoproveherabilitytoherself.D．Heracceptanceofherphysicallimitations.COnethingaboutAIthatworriesmorepeoplethananyotheristhatitmighttaketheirlivelihoodaway.Butexpertsaredividedastowhetherthetechnologywillbringusalifeofleisureoralifeofpressure.Asever,thetruthprobablyliessomewhereinthemiddle.AIwon’ttakeourjobs,butitwillchangethem.SomeBritisheconomistsassumedthatrobotswouldtakeourjobsandourworkingweekwoulddecreaseto15hoursby2030.In2013,MichaelOsborneattheUniversityofOxfordlookedat702typesofworkandrankedthemaccordingtohoweasyitwouldbetoautomatethem.HefoundthataboutunderhalfofalljobsintheUScouldworkablybedonebymachineswithintwodecades.Thelistincludesjobssuchastelemarketersandlibrarytechnicians.Notfarbehindwerelessobviouslysusceptiblejobs,includingmodelsandcooks,threatenedrespectivelybydigitalavatarsandrobochefs.Theleastvulnerableincludedmentalhealthworkersandteachersofyoungchildren.Ingeneral,jobsthatperformedbetterrequiredstrongsocialinteractionandcreativeability.However,othersfindthatlistoverblown.ApaperfortheOECDclubin2016suggestedthatAIwouldnotbeabletodoallthetasksassociatedwithallthesejobs,particularlythoserequiringhumaninteraction,andonlyabout9percentofjobsarefullyautomatable.Moreover,pastexperienceshowsthatjobstendtoevolve(演变，进化)aroundautomation.“Successfulinnovationsarethosethatcomplementratherthanoccupyus,”saysBenShneiderman,fromtheUniversityofMaryland.“Technologiesaremosteffectivewhentheirdesignsamplifyhumanabilities.Theycouldhelpussolveproblems,communicatewidelyorcreateart,”saysShneiderman.“Robotscouldbealiberatingforcebytakingawayroutinework,”saysTomWatson,whosestudyonAI’sdevelopmentinemploymentconcludesthatAIcouldcreateasmanyjobsasitdestroys.Heis,however,concernedtheincreasingofautomationhasledtotheriseininequalityandimbalanceinpower.“We’vegottobecarefulthatbigcorporationsandemployersdon’taccumulateallthebenefitswhileordinaryworkersarelefttolumpthenegatives,”hesays.Howcanweadapt?Theanswermightsimplybetoupdateoursocialframeworkstoreflectthenewrealityofwork.AnotherproposalisanAItaxoncompaniesthataresavingmoneybyreplacingworkerswithalgorithms.Ultimatelywe,notAI,areinchargeofourowndestiny.“Therewillbeunfairnessanddisruptions,”saysWatson.“Butthequestionis:isfuturehuman-centered?Isayitis.”28．Whatdoestheword“susceptible”underlinedinParagraph2probablymean?A．Workable. B．Predictable. C．Replaceable. D．Reliable29．WhatcanwelearnfromBenShneiderman’swords?A．Technologiescanalwayspromotejobs.B．Successfulautomationhelpsevolveourjobs.C．Fullyautomatablejobsrequirehumaninteraction.D．Effectiveinnovationsarethosethatcanoccupyus.30．WhatcanwelearnfromAI’sdevelopmentinemployment?A．Itcanhelpfreelaboursfromroutinework.B．Itmakesbigcorporationsbearmostnegatives.C．Itwillfinallyleadtoincredibleinequalityinjobs.D．Itdestroysoccupationsfasterthanitprovidesthem.31．What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthelastparagraph?A．Tooffersolutionstomentionedproblems. B．Tonotethefutureofrelativeresearches.C．Toreveallimitsofexistingperspectives. D．TosumupargumentsfrombothsidesDFormillennia,wehaveexpecteddogstoguardourpropertyandprotectourfamilyatnight.Nowtheyarealsoaskedtobefriendlyaroundstrangers,restquietlythroughthenightandkeeptheirfeetoffsofas.“It’sanevolutionarymismatch”,saysHare,ananthropologistatDukeUnıversity.Thegoodnewsisthatthisproblemissolvable.Recentstudiesindicatethatselectivebreeding(繁殖)andcarefultrainingcanhelpdogsadapttoindoorlife.A“puppykindergarten”researchwassetupbyHare’steamtoillustratetheheritabilityofbehaviouraltraitsindogsbyobservingwhatservicedogs’behaviourlookslikebeforeintensivetrainingbegins.Servicedogswereselectedasthesubjectfortheycanalwaysnaturallyadaptwelltothemismatchcomparedtootherkinds.Theycanpullwheelchairs,operatelightswitchesandinteractgentlywithchildren.Bycollectingdatafrom1,500dogownersonthebehaviouroftheirpets,whichbelongedto36breeds,Hare’steamdiscoveredthatgenetics(遗传特征)explained45percentofthevariationindogs’self-control.16percentofthevariationinreasoningaboutthephysicalworldandamere0.01percentofthevariationinshort-termmemory,whichmanifeststhatsomedesirablebehavioursareheritabletocertaindegree,andselectivebreedingfortemperamentisworthwhile.“Geneticsisimportant,butitsrelativeimportanceisdifferentfordifferentbehaviouraltraits,”saysGitanjalifromEmoryUniversity.Besides,Hare’sworkalsoillustratesselectivebreedingcan’tguaranteesomehighlydesirabletraits,suchasagoodmemory.Sotheyhavedevisedtechniquesthatownerscanusetohelptraintheirpetsandbuildbetterrelationshipswiththem.Onehabitthatisespeciallyimportantintrainingismakingeyecontact.“Thedog’sgazemaybeacausalfactorininducinggoodfeelingsintheowner”,saysKikusuiatAzabuUniversityinJapan,“andthelongeradoggazesatitsowner,thestrongerthosegoodfeelingsbecome.”Harealsofoundthatpupscouldsolvesome“impossibletasks”byappealingtohumanforhelp,andtheappealwasmadethrougheyecontact.Sohesuggestedpuppyownersfinish“impossibletasks”withtheirpetseverytwoweekstostrengthentheemotionalconnectionwiththem.“Doingsocanhelpyoulearnwhereyourdog’scognitivestrengthslie”,hesays.Andasthepuppykindergartenprojecthasmadeclear,dogtrainingaswellasselectivebreedingiscrucialtofosterthosebehaviourswewouldlikeourpetstoexhibitinourhomes.32．WhatcanwelearnfromHare’sresearch?A．Servicedogswereobservedwhileacceptingtraining.B．Geneticsmayexplaindifferencesindogs’self-controlC．Servicedogswerechosenfortheyweretrainedearlier.D．Selectivebreedingdevelopsdogs’mostdesirabletraits.33．What’stheauthor’saimofquotingGitanjali’swords?A．TorevealthatHare’sresearchissuspicious.B．Toprovethenecessityofselectivebreeding.C．Toconfirmthevalueonreformingdogs’genes.D．Tosuggestthatotherfactorsalsoneeddiscussing.34．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．ServiceDogs:AcquiringDesirableTraitsthroughBreedingB．SmartDogs:AdaptingWelltoIndoorLifethroughTrainingC．ModernDogs:TrainingDesirableDogsthroughEyeContactD．GoodDogs:EvolvingthroughSelectiveBreedingandTraining第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Daydreaming,oftendismissedasawasteoftime,isincreasinglyrecognizedasavitalcognitiveprocess.Farfrombeingasignoflaziness,daydreamingallowsthebraintoexploreideas,solveproblemsandfostercreativity.Recentstudiesinneurosciencehaverevealedthecomplexmechanismsbehindthismentalactivity.Whenwedaydream,thebrainentersastateknownasthe“defaultmodenetwork”(DMN).35Thisnetworkbecomesactivewhenwearenotfocusedontheoutsideworld,enablingthebraintoprocessinformation,consolidatememoriesandgeneratenewideas.Forexample,manybreakthroughsinscienceandarthaveemergedfrommomentsofspontaneousdaydreaming.Contrarytopopularbelief,daydreamingisnotapassiveactivity.Itrequiressignificantmentalenergyandinvolvescomplexneuralactivity.Researchshowsthatduringdaydreaming,thebrainengagesinhigh-levelcognitiveprocesses,suchasplanning,self-reflectionandemotionalregulation.36Moreover,daydreamingcanenhanceproblem-solvingabilities.Byexploringinthedaydream,manypeoplecanfindwaystotackletheproblems.37Byallowingthemindtowander,wecanapproachchallengesfromnewperspectivesanduncoverinnovativesolutions.Studieshavefoundthatindividualswhodaydreamregularlytendtoperformbetterontasksrequiringcreativethinking.38Negativedaydreamingpatternscaninterferewithmentalhealthanddailyfunctioning.Excessiveornegativedaydreaming,oftenlinkedtomeditation,canleadtoanxietyandreducedproductivity.Thekeyistostrikeabalancebetweenfocusedworkandintentionaldaydreaming.Toharnessthebenefitsofdaydreaming,it’simportanttocreateopportunitiesforit.39Forinstance,takingshortbreaksduringworkorengaginginactivitieslikewalkingcanstimulatetheDMNandpromoteproductivedaydreaming.A．However,notalldaydreamingisbeneficial.B．TheDMNisanetworkofbrainregionsthatactivateduringrestfulstates.C．Theseactivitiesareessentialforlong-termgoalsettingandpersonalgrowth.D．Daydreamingismosteffectivewhencombinedwithperiodsofintensefocus.E．Thebrain’sabilitytoswitchbetweenfocusedattentionanddaydreamingiscrucial.F．Italsocanimproveemotionaltoughnessbyhelpingusprocessdifficultexperiences.G．Structureddaydreaming,suchasguidedvisualization,canenhanceitspositiveeffects.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题：第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Suddenchangesandgradualchangesaffectstudentsdifferently.Emotionsrundeepfromsadnessandhopelessnesstohopeandoptimism.Whetherthechangeisconsideredgoodornot-so-good,studentsareincreasinglyfacedwiththechaos,uncertaintyandcomplexityoflivingintoday’sworld,whicharen’teasy.Helpingstudentslearnandapplyevidence-basedskills,whichimprovetheirresilience,isatthecoreofpreparingstudentsforanuncertainworldandhelpingthemtransformchallengesintosomethingbetter.Studentresilienceistheabilitytorecoverfromachallengeorgreatdisaster.Beingabletobuildthiscapabilityiscomplexandnuanced,buttherearemanyscience-backedideasandstrategiesthathelpstudentsincreasetheircurrentlevelofresiliency.Supportiverelationshipsareconsideredthenumberonesignofchildhoodresilience.Thekeyactivecoreingredientforresilienceistherelationshipsthekidshavetootherswhocareaboutthem.Everystudentneedshealthyandsupportiverelationships,especiallyintimesoftroubleorchallenges,sotheycanfeelsupportedandcapableofbeginningagain,regardlessofwhethertheproblemisgettingcutfromtheirbasketballteamorhavingtheirschoolorfamilyhomeburndown.Researchersconcludedthattransformingchallengesintosomethingpositivealsohelpspeoplehavebettercontroloftheiremotionsandmorepositiveoutcomes,whichleadtomoreresilience.Subjectswhodidn’ttransformchallengesandperceivedeventsasnegativedemonstratedlessemotionalcontrolandresilienceinthefaceofchallenges.Ofcourse,therearetragedies,whicharehardtotransform,butmostofthetime,wecanfindsomethingpositiveorconstructivefromachallengingsituation.Sayyourdaughterhadherwisdomteethout,andyouaskedher,“Isthereanythinggoodfromthis?”Shemaysay,“Yes.Igettwodaysofffromschool,andalltheicecreamIcaneat!”Thisismoreresilientthanhersaying,“No.It’sterrible.”That’snotawronganswer,butshecan,littlebylittle,learnhowtotransformherchallengesandbuildthatskillforherresiliencytoolbox.40．Accordingtothepassage,what’sstudentresilience?41．What’sthemostimportantsigntodevelopthechildhoodresilience?42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Peoplewhotransformchallengesintosomethingpositivearelikelytobelessresilient.43．Pleaseshareoneofyourownexperiencesabouttheapplicationofresiliencetoyourdailylife.(Inabout40words)第二节（20分）44．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim因使用AI工具完成写作作业而受到批评。他写信询问你对这件事的看法，请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：1你的看法；2.你的建议和理由。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．A2．D3．D4．B5．C6．C7．A8．A9．B10．C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加科学竞赛，选择了最有挑战性的一个，最终获得了一等奖的经历。1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我正在书架上找参考书，这时一张布告引起了我的注意。A.notice布告；B.invitation邀请；C.reminder提醒物；D.instruction指导。根据后文“Therewillbeasciencecompetitionnextmonth.Allstudentsinterestedarewelcometoparticipate.(下个月将有一场科学竞赛。欢迎所有感兴趣的学生参加)”可知是关于科学竞赛的布告。故选A。2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以前没有比赛经验，但我认为这将是一个挑战自己的好机会。A.degree程度；B.difficulty困难；C.potential潜能；D.experience经验。根据后文“Ithoughtitwouldbeagreatopportunitytochallengemyself”可知，作者决定以此挑战自己，推测以前没有过比赛经验。故选D。3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一开始并没有打算参与其中。A.addicted沉迷于；B.caught抓住；C.trapped困住；D.involved涉及。根据后文“Ifilledouttheregistration”此处指参与比赛，用getinvolvedin。故选D。4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但现在我在这里，我突然感到有点不知所措。A.generally通常；B.suddenly突然；C.constantly持续地；D.originally起初。根据后文“WhatifIcouldn’tmeettherequirements?(如果我达不到要求怎么办？)”指作者突然开始怀疑自己，感到有点不知所措。故选B。5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我填写了登记表，老师检查了我的科学基础知识。A.explained解释；B.exchanged交换；C.examined检查；D.extended扩大。根据后文“mybasicknowledgeinscience”以及“ShethenaskedmewhicheventIwantedtotakepartin.Theteacherencouragedmeandgavemesomeadvice.(然后她问我想参加哪个项目。老师鼓励我，给了我一些建议)”可知，要参加比赛需要先检查基础知识，故选C。6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得我有一个选择，所以我说，“最具挑战性的一个。”A.credit信用；B.change改变；C.choice选择；D.dream梦想。根据上文“ShethenaskedmewhicheventIwantedtotakepartin.”可知，指关于参加哪个项目的选择，作者选了最具挑战性的一个。故选C。7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，准备材料由老师分发。A.distributed分发；B.destroyed破坏；C.reserved预定；D.stored储存。根据上文“thepreparationmaterialswere”指分发准备材料。故选A。8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：比赛结束后，当我看到老师脸上的满足感时，我知道我做得很好。A.satisfaction满足；B.disappointment失望；C.curiosity好奇心；D.anxiety焦虑。根据后文“IknewIhaddoneagoodjob.”可知，作者做的很高，老师很满意。故选A。9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的同学开始祝贺我时，我感到无比自豪。A.comforting安慰；B.congratulating祝贺；C.encouraging鼓励；D.accompanying陪伴。根据上文“Aftertheresultswereannounced,IfoundoutthatIhadwonthefirstprize.(结果公布后，我发现我得了一等奖)”可知，作者得了一等奖，同学祝贺作者。故选B。10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它告诉我，通过接受新的挑战，我可以取得比我想象的更多的成就。A.meetingwith遇见；B.callingfor要求；C.takingon接受，承担；D.preparingfor为……做准备。根据后文“newchallenges,IcouldachievemorethanIeverimagined”指接受新挑战可以取得更多成就。故选C。11．wasgiven12．quantities13．havelearned##havelearnt【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要说明了作者对于不同国家生日习俗的看法。11．考查时态语态。句意：去年，在韩国，我收到了一份包装好的礼物，我明白了私下打开礼物是礼貌的。主语I与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Lastyear可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填wasgiven。12．考查名词的数。句意：这些显示了文化习俗在很大程度上的差异。短语inlargequantities表示“在很大程度上”。故填quantities。13．考查时态。句意：多年来，我明白了理解这些差异可以帮助避免来自不同背景的误解。根据上文Overtheyears可知为现在完成时，主语为I，助动词用have。故填havelearned/learnt。14．viewed15．what16．survival17．bigger【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了湿地的重要作用以及许多国家都在保护湿地。14．考查非谓语动词。句意：从远处看，湿地非常宁静美丽。此处view与wetlands构成被动关系，故用过去分词和when构成时间状语。故填viewed。15．考查宾语从句。句意：作为大自然的净化器，它们可以清洁水，防止洪水，并提供栖息地，因此专家们强调需要做些什么来保护湿地，确保它们的生存。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what。故填what。16．考查名词。句意：作为大自然的净化器，它们可以清洁水，防止洪水，并提供栖息地，因此专家们强调需要做些什么来保护湿地，确保它们的生存。作动词的宾语，用名词survival，抽象概念，不可数。故填survival。17．考查比较级。句意：近年来，许多国家比以往任何时候都做出了更大的努力来保护和恢复这些宝贵的自然地区。根据后文thaneverbefore可知用形容词比较级修饰名词efforts。故填bigger。18．toshare19．where20．without【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了志愿者艾玛帮助孤儿院的儿童的事迹。18．考查非谓语动词。句意：她的目的是激励他人无私地与不幸的人分享。短语inspiresb.todosth.表示“激励某人做某事”。故填toshare。19．考查定语从句。句意：最近，她去了肯尼亚的一个儿童慈善机构，那里的孩子们用愉快的微笑和歌声欢迎她。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词acharitableinstitution，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故填where。20．考查介词。句意：艾玛毫不犹豫地投入到各种活动中，顿时使气氛更加活跃。短语withouthesitation表示“毫不犹豫”。故填without。21．D22．B23．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了项目面向对社区发展有热情者，提供教育支持、环保、健康外展等志愿岗位，说明福利、要求及申请方式。21．细节理解题。根据EducationSupportVolunteer部分“Assistinteachingfoundationalreadingandmathtochildreninunderservedareas.(协助为服务不足地区的儿童教授基础阅读和数学)”可知，教育支持志愿者的主要职责是提高孩子们的阅读和数学技能。故选D项。22．细节理解题。根据BenefitsofVolunteering部分“Gainhands-onexperienceincommunitydevelopment.(获得社区发展的实践经验)”、“Developteamwork,communicationandleadershipskills.(培养团队合作、沟通和领导能力)”可知，志愿者的好处包括培养实践技能。故选B项。23．细节理解题。根据Requirements部分“Attendaone-dayintroductionlessonbeforestarting.(开始前参加为期一天的入门课程)”可知，如果李华想申请这份工作，他需要完成为期一天的培训课程。故选C项。24．D25．B26．A27．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了12岁被诊断患影响行走疾病、被告知可能无法再跑步的莎拉，在家人支持和教练帮助下，历经艰难训练，17岁参加5K比赛证明了自己，如今成为激励他人的跑步者。24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Doctorstoldhershemightneverrunagain.ButSarahrefusedtoacceptthis.Shehadalwayslovedrunning,andthethoughtoflosingitwasunbearable.(医生告诉她，她可能再也不能跑了。但莎拉拒绝接受这一点。她一直很喜欢跑步，一想到要失去它，她就难以忍受)”可知，莎拉最初对自己疾病的反应是她不相信自己不能再跑步了。故选D项。25．推理判断题。根据第二段“Buthermotheralwaysremindedher,“Everystepforward,nomatterhowsmall,isavictory.”ThesewordsbecameSarah’smotto,pushinghertokeepgoing.(但她的母亲总是提醒她，“每一步前进，无论多么小，都是一场胜利。”这些话成为了莎拉的座右铭，激励她继续前进)”可知，莎拉母亲的话激励莎拉继续前进。由此推知，莎拉母亲的话是令人鼓舞的。故选B项。26．推理判断题。根据第三段“Shecouldwalkshortdistanceswithoutassistance,butrunningstillseemedlikeadistantdream.That’swhenshemetCoachMiller,aformermarathonrunnerwhobe