2022二级专业翻译资格考试笔试题目

2022二级专业翻译资格考试笔试题目词汇单项选择题（共20题）1.Thecompanyisfacingasevere______crisisduetothesuddendropinsales.A.financialB.monetaryC.economicD.fiscal答案：A。“financial”主要指金融、财务方面，“financialcrisis”是常见的“金融危机、财务危机”表达；“monetary”侧重于货币的；“economic”强调经济的，范围较广；“fiscal”通常指财政的。本题说公司因销售骤降面临危机，更侧重于财务层面，选A。2.Hisspeechwasso______thatmostoftheaudiencefellasleep.A.boringB.boredC.interestedD.interesting答案：A。“boring”用来形容事物“令人厌烦的”，“bored”形容人“感到厌烦的”；“interested”形容人“感兴趣的”，“interesting”形容事物“有趣的”。这里说演讲让观众睡着，说明演讲是令人厌烦的，选A。3.Thenewpolicyaimsto______thegapbetweentherichandthepoor.A.decreaseB.reduceC.declineD.diminish答案：B。“reduce”有“减少、缩小”的意思，常与差距、数量等搭配，“reducethegap”表示“缩小差距”；“decrease”主要指数量、程度等的减少；“decline”通常指数量、质量、力量等的下降；“diminish”强调逐渐减少或变小。本题选B。4.Shehasa______forlanguagesandcanspeakfivedifferentlanguagesfluently.A.giftB.talentC.geniusD.aptitude答案：A。“haveagiftfor”是固定表达，意为“有……的天赋”；“talent”强调才能、天赋，但不与“havea...for”搭配；“genius”指天才；“aptitude”侧重于资质、才能倾向。本题选A。5.The______ofthenewsoftwareisexpectedtobringsignificantchangestotheindustry.A.launchB.startC.beginningD.opening答案：A。“launch”有“推出、发布”的意思，“thelaunchofthenewsoftware”表示“新软件的发布”；“start”和“beginning”主要指开始；“opening”常指开幕、开业等。本题选A。6.Theoldmanwasso______thathecouldhardlywalkwithoutacane.A.feebleB.weakC.frailD.delicate答案：C。“frail”强调人身体虚弱、脆弱，尤指因年老而虚弱，符合本题老人几乎离不开拐杖的语境；“feeble”侧重于缺乏力量、虚弱无力；“weak”是普通用词，指身体或力量弱；“delicate”主要指精致的、易碎的、娇弱的。本题选C。7.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto______thegrowthofthereal-estatemarket.A.regulateB.controlC.governD.manage答案：A。“regulate”有“调节、调控、管理”的意思，常用来指对市场、规则等进行调控，“regulatethegrowthofthereal-estatemarket”表示“调控房地产市场的发展”；“control”强调控制、支配；“govern”侧重于统治、治理国家等；“manage”主要指管理、经营。本题选A。8.Thereportprovidesa______analysisofthecurrenteconomicsituation.A.comprehensiveB.completeC.wholeD.full答案：A。“comprehensive”表示全面的、综合的，“comprehensiveanalysis”是“全面的分析”；“complete”强调完整的、彻底的；“whole”指整个的；“full”表示满的、充分的。本题选A。9.Theprofessor'slecturewasso______thatthestudentswerealldeeplyimpressed.A.profoundB.deepC.intenseD.severe答案：A。“profound”有“深刻的、渊博的”意思，“profoundlecture”表示“深刻的讲座”；“deep”一般指深度；“intense”强调强烈的、激烈的；“severe”表示严厉的、严重的。本题选A。10.Thecompanyneedstofinda______solutiontotheproblembeforeit'stoolate.A.permanentB.lastingC.long-termD.eternal答案：A。“permanent”表示永久的、固定的，“permanentsolution”指“永久的解决方案”；“lasting”强调持续的；“long-term”侧重于长期的；“eternal”通常指永恒的、不朽的。本题选A。11.Thenewbridgeisaremarkable______ofmodernengineering.A.featB.achievementC.successD.victory答案：A。“feat”指功绩、壮举，“aremarkablefeatofmodernengineering”表示“现代工程的一项非凡壮举”；“achievement”强调成就；“success”指成功；“victory”通常指胜利。本题选A。12.Theoldhousehasa______charmthatattractsmanytourists.A.quaintB.strangeC.oddD.peculiar答案：A。“quaint”表示古雅的、离奇有趣的，常用来形容有特色的老事物，“quaintcharm”指“古雅的魅力”；“strange”强调奇怪的；“odd”侧重于古怪的；“peculiar”表示独特的、奇怪的。本题选A。13.Thescientist'sdiscoveryislikelytohavea______impactonthefieldofmedicine.A.revolutionaryB.radicalC.fundamentalD.basic答案：A。“revolutionary”表示革命的、具有重大变革意义的，“revolutionaryimpact”指“革命性的影响”；“radical”强调激进的；“fundamental”侧重于基础的、根本的；“basic”指基本的。本题选A。14.Theyoungmanshowedgreat______inthefaceofdifficulties.A.courageB.braveryC.nerveD.boldness答案：A。“courage”强调在危险、困难等面前的勇气和胆量，“showgreatcourage”表示“表现出极大的勇气”；“bravery”侧重于勇敢的行为；“nerve”可指胆量，但也有神经等意思；“boldness”强调大胆、冒失。本题选A。15.Thecompany'sprofitshave______steadilyoverthepastfewyears.A.risenB.raisedC.arisenD.aroused答案：A。“risen”是“rise”的过去分词，“rise”是不及物动词，意为“上升、增长”，“profitshaverisen”表示“利润增长了”；“raised”是“raise”的过去分词，“raise”是及物动词；“arisen”是“arise”的过去分词，常表示问题、困难等“出现”；“aroused”是“arouse”的过去分词，意为“引起、唤起”。本题选A。16.Thecityisfamousforits______architecture,whichcombinestraditionalandmodernstyles.A.uniqueB.specialC.particularD.specific答案：A。“unique”表示独特的、独一无二的，“uniquearchitecture”指“独特的建筑风格”；“special”强调特殊的；“particular”侧重于特定的、个别的；“specific”表示具体的、明确的。本题选A。17.Thenewlawwill______therightsofworkers.A.safeguardB.protectC.defendD.shield答案：A。“safeguard”有“保护、维护、保障”的意思，“safeguardtherights”表示“保障权利”；“protect”强调保护免受伤害；“defend”侧重于防御、保卫；“shield”也有保护的意思，但更强调遮挡、庇护。本题选A。18.Thestudentswere______tofindoutthattheexamwaspostponed.A.relievedB.relaxedC.comfortedD.eased答案：A。“relieved”表示宽慰的、松了一口气的，“berelievedtodosth.”是常见表达，这里学生得知考试推迟会感到宽慰；“relaxed”指放松的；“comforted”强调得到安慰；“eased”通常指缓解、减轻。本题选A。19.Theprofessor'sexplanationwasso______thatthestudentsfinallyunderstoodthedifficultconcept.A.clearB.obviousC.evidentD.plain答案：A。“clear”表示清晰的、明白的，“clearexplanation”指“清晰的解释”；“obvious”强调明显的；“evident”侧重于显而易见的；“plain”有简单的、朴素的意思。本题选A。20.Thecompanyisplanningto______anewmarketingcampaigntopromoteitsproducts.A.launchB.startC.initiateD.begin答案：A。“launch”除了有“推出、发布”软件等意思外，也可用于“launchacampaign”表示“发起一场运动、活动”；“start”和“begin”较普通，指开始；“initiate”强调开始、发起，但“launch”在营销活动语境中更常用。本题选A。语法单项选择题（共10题）1.______isknowntoall,theearthisround.A.AsB.WhichC.ThatD.What答案：A。“asisknowntoall”是固定用法，意为“众所周知”，“as”引导非限定性定语从句，可置于句首；“which”引导非限定性定语从句时不能置于句首；“that”不能引导非限定性定语从句；“what”不能引导此类定语从句。本题选A。2.HehasmadegreatprogressinEnglishthisterm,______heoftenstaysuplatetostudy.A.becauseB.sinceC.forD.as答案：A。“because”表示直接的因果关系，“因为他经常熬夜学习，所以这学期英语取得了很大进步”，这里强调因果逻辑；“since”和“as”也有“因为”的意思，但语气较弱；“for”表示补充说明原因。本题选A。3.IfI______you,Iwouldaccepttheinvitation.A.amB.wasC.wereD.hadbeen答案：C。这是虚拟语气的用法，在虚拟条件句中，当表示与现在事实相反的假设时，从句用“if+主语+were（不论主语人称）”，主句用“主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形”。本题选C。4.Thebook,______isveryinteresting,waswrittenbyafamouswriter.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.what答案：A。这里是一个非限定性定语从句，“which”可引导非限定性定语从句，指代先行词“thebook”；“that”不能引导非限定性定语从句；“whose”表示所属关系；“what”不能引导定语从句。本题选A。5.Notuntilhecameback______thetruth.A.didIknowB.IknewC.IdidknowD.doIknow答案：A。“notuntil”位于句首时，主句要部分倒装，即将助动词、情态动词等提到主语前面。根据“came”可知是过去时态，所以用“didIknow”。本题选A。6.Thenumberofpeopleinvited______fifty,butanumberofthem______absentfordifferentreasons.A.was;wereB.was;wasC.were;wasD.were;were答案：A。“thenumberof”表示“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数；“anumberof”表示“许多”，作主语时谓语动词用复数。本题选A。7.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirlswho______passedtheexam.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are答案：B。当“oneof+复数名词+定语从句”结构中，若“one”前有“theonly”等修饰时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。“passtheexam”是主动关系，且强调已经完成，用“haspassed”。本题选B。8.______timewenton,hebecamemoreandmorepatient.A.AsB.WithC.WhileD.When答案：A。“as”可表示“随着”，引导时间状语从句，“astimewenton”表示“随着时间的推移”；“with”是介词，不能引导从句；“while”强调在某个时间段内；“when”表示“当……时候”。本题选A。9.Idon'tknow______hewillcomeornot.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what答案：B。“whether...ornot”是固定用法，“if”不能与“ornot”连用；“that”引导宾语从句时无实际意义；“what”在宾语从句中要作成分。本题选B。10.Theteachertoldusthattheearth______aroundthesun.A.movesB.movedC.hasmovedD.wasmoving答案：A。当宾语从句表示客观真理、自然现象等时，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。“地球绕着太阳转”是客观真理，所以用“moves”。本题选A。阅读理解题（共2篇，每篇5题）第一篇Intoday'sdigitalage,socialmediahasbecomeanintegralpartofourlives.Itallowsustoconnectwithfriends,family,andevenstrangersfromallovertheworld.However,theincreasinguseofsocialmediahasalsoraisedconcernsaboutitsimpactonourmentalhealth.Arecentstudyfoundthatexcessiveuseofsocialmediacanleadtofeelingsofloneliness,depression,andanxiety.Whenwespendtoomuchtimescrollingthroughourfeeds,comparingourlivestoothers,wemaystarttofeelinadequateandleftout.Moreover,theconstantneedforvalidationthroughlikesandcommentscanalsotakeatollonourself-esteem.Ontheotherhand,socialmediacanalsohavepositiveeffects.Itcanbeagreatplatformforself-expression,allowingustoshareourideas,hobbies,andachievementswithothers.Itcanalsohelpusstayconnectedwithlovedoneswholivefaraway.Tomakethemostofsocialmediawhileminimizingitsnegativeimpact,it'simportanttouseitmindfully.Weshouldsetlimitsonourusage,takebreaksfromtimetotime,andfocusonreal-lifeinteractions.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Thedevelopmentofsocialmedia.B.Thepositiveandnegativeeffectsofsocialmediaonmentalhealth.C.Howtousesocialmediatoconnectwithothers.D.Thereasonsforthepopularityofsocialmedia.答案：B。文章先指出社交媒体已成为生活一部分，接着阐述其过度使用对心理健康的负面影响，如导致孤独、抑郁等，又提到其积极影响，如自我表达、与远方亲人保持联系等，最后提出要合理使用以减少负面影响，所以主要话题是社交媒体对心理健康的正负影响，选B。2.Accordingtothepassage,excessiveuseofsocialmediacancausethefollowingproblemsEXCEPT______.A.feelingsoflonelinessB.improvementofself-esteemC.depressionD.anxiety答案：B。文中明确提到过度使用社交媒体会导致孤独、抑郁和焦虑，而不断需要通过点赞和评论来获得认可会损害自尊，并非提高自尊，选B。3.Whatisoneofthepositiveeffectsofsocialmedia?A.Itcanhelpusforgetaboutourreal-lifeproblems.B.Itcanmakeusfeelmoreconnectedtotheworld.C.Itcanreplacereal-lifeinteractions.D.Itcanincreaseourself-esteemwithoutanyeffort.答案：B。文中提到社交媒体是自我表达的好平台，能让我们与远方亲人保持联系，也就是让我们感觉与世界联系更紧密，A选项文中未提及；C选项社交媒体不能替代现实交流；D选项与文中说的社交媒体会损害自尊相悖。选B。4.Tominimizethenegativeimpactofsocialmedia,weshould______.A.stopusingitcompletelyB.useitasmuchaspossibleC.useitmindfullyD.onlyuseitforwork答案：C。文章最后提到要充分利用社交媒体并减少其负面影响，就要有意识地使用，设定使用限制、适时休息并注重现实交流，A选项完全停止使用太极端；B选项与减少负面影响相悖；D选项文中未提及只用于工作。选C。5.Theword“validation”inParagraph2probablymeans______.A.confirmationB.invalidationC.realizationD.imagination答案：A。根据语境，在社交媒体上不断需要通过点赞和评论来获得“validation”，这里“validation”应是“认可、确认”的意思，“confirmation”有“证实、确认”之意；“invalidation”是“无效”；“realization”是“实现、领悟”；“imagination”是“想象”。选A。第二篇TheInternetofThings(IoT)isarevolutionaryconceptthatreferstothenetworkofphysicaldevices,vehicles,homeappliances,andotheritemsembeddedwithsensors,software,andnetworkconnectivity,enablingthemtocollectandexchangedata.OneofthemostsignificantapplicationsofIoTisinsmarthomes.WithIoTtechnology,homeownerscancontrolvariousdevicesintheirhomesremotelythroughtheirsmartphones.Forexample,theycanturnonthelights,adjustthetemperature,andevenlockthedoorswithoutbeingathome.Intheindustrialsector,IoTcanimproveefficiencyandproductivity.Sensorscanbeinstalledonmachinerytomonitortheirperformanceinreal-time.Thisallowscompaniestodetectpotentialproblemsearlyandtakepreventivemeasures,reducingdowntimeandmaintenancecosts.However,thewidespreadadoptionofIoTalsobringssomechallenges.Oneofthemainconcernsissecurity.SinceIoTdevicesareconnectedtotheInternet,theyarevulnerabletocyber-attacks.Hackerscangainaccesstopersonalinformationandcontrolthedevices,posingathreattousers'privacyandsafety.AnotherchallengeistheinteroperabilityofdifferentIoTdevices.Withsomanydifferentmanufacturersandstandards,itcanbedifficulttoensurethatalldevicescanworktogetherseamlessly.1.WhatistheInternetofThings?A.Anetworkofonlyphysicaldevices.B.Aconceptthatallowsdevicestocollectandexchangedata.C.Atechnologyusedonlyinsmarthomes.D.Asoftwarethatcanbeinstalledonvehicles.答案：B。文中明确指出物联网是指嵌入传感器、软件和网络连接的物理设备、车辆、家电等物品的网络，使它们能够收集和交换数据，A选项不全面；C选项物联网不仅用于智能家居；D选项物联网不是单纯安装在车辆上的软件。选B。2.HowcanhomeownersbenefitfromIoTinsmarthomes?A.Theycanonlycontrolthelightsremotely.B.Theycancontrolalldevicesintheirhomesatanytime.C.Theycancontrolsomedevicesintheirhomesremotely.D.Theycanonlyadjustthetemperaturewhentheyareathome.答案：C。文中提到在智能家居中，房主可以通过智能手机远程控制家中各种设备，如开灯、调节温度、锁门等，但不是所有设备，A选项太局限；B选项“all”不准确；D选项与文中可远程调节温度相悖。选C。3.Intheindustrialsector,whatcanIoTdo?A.Increasedowntimeandmaintenancecosts.B.Makeitdifficulttodetectpotentialproblems.C.Improveefficiencyandproductivity.D.Replacehumanworkerscompletely.答案：C。文中说在工业领域，物联网可以提高效率和生产力，传感器可实时监测机器性能，提前发现潜在问题并采取预防措施，减少停机时间和维护成本，A选项与原文意思相反；B选项与可提前发现问题不符；D选项文中未提及完全取代人类工人。选C。4.WhatisoneofthemainchallengesofthewidespreadadoptionofIoT?A.Highcostofinstallation.B.Lackofuserinterest.C.Securityissues.D.Difficultyinmanufacturingdevices.答案：C。文中明确提到物联网广泛应用带来的主要挑战之一是安全问题，因为物联网设备连接互联网，易受网络攻击，A、B、D选项文中未提及。选C。5.Whatdoestheword“interoperability”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Theabilityofdevicestoworktogether.B.Theabilityofdevicestocollectdata.C.TheabilityofdevicestobeconnectedtotheInternet.D.Theabilityofdevicestobecontrolledremotely.答案：A。根据后文“Withsomanydifferentmanufacturersandstandar