2020年英语专业四级考试题库大全及答案

2020年英语专业四级考试题库大全及答案PartIDictation(15minutes)Passage1TheInternethasbecomeanimportantpartofourdailylife.Itprovidesuswithalargeamountofinformationonvarioussubjects.Wecansearchforknowledge,news,andentertainment.Forstudents,itisagreatresourceforstudy.Theycanaccesse-books,onlinecourses,andeducationalvideos.However,theInternetalsohassomeproblems.Thereisalotoffalseinformation,anditcanbeawasteoftimeifwearenotcareful.WeshouldusetheInternetwisely.Answer:Thekeypointsfordictationincludecorrectspellingofwordslike“Internet”,“provides”,“various”,“entertainment”,“resource”,“access”,“false”.Payattentiontothepunctuationmarkssuchascommasandperiods.Theoverallsentencestructureandlogicalflowneedtobeaccuratelyreproduced.PartIIListeningComprehension(20minutes)SectionAConversationsConversation1W:Hi,Tom.Howwasyourweekend?M:Itwasgreat.Iwenttothecountrysidewithmyfamily.Wewentfishingbythelake.W:Soundsinteresting.Didyoucatchanyfish?M:Yes,wedid.Icaughtthreebigones.W:Wow,that'samazing.Whatelsedidyoudo?M:Wealsohadapicnicthere.Thescenerywasbeautiful.Question1:WhatdidTomdolastweekend?A.Hewenttothebeach.B.Hewenttothecountryside.C.Hewenttothemountains.Answer:B.TheconversationclearlystatesthatTomwenttothecountrysidewithhisfamilylastweekend.Question2:HowmanyfishdidTomcatch?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.Answer:C.Tomsaid“Icaughtthreebigones.”SectionBPassagesPassage2Thegiraffeisaverytallanimal.Ithasalongneckandlonglegs.GiraffesmainlyliveinAfrica.Theyeatleavesfromtrees.Theirlongneckshelpthemreachtheleavesthatarehighup.Giraffesaregentleanimals.Theyusuallymoveslowly.Butwhentheyareindanger,theycanrunquitefast.Question3:Wheredogiraffesmainlylive?A.Asia.B.Africa.C.Europe.Answer:B.Thepassagementionsthat“GiraffesmainlyliveinAfrica.”Question4:Whatdogiraffeseat?A.Grass.B.Leaves.C.Fruits.Answer:B.Itisstatedinthepassagethat“Theyeatleavesfromtrees.”PartIIICloze(15minutes)TheUnitedStatesisfullofautomobiles.Therearestillmanyfamilieswithoutcars,1somefamilieshavetwoormore.However,carsareusedformorethanpleasure.Theyarea2partoflife.Carsareusedforbusiness.Theyaredriventoofficesandfactoriesbyworkerswhohavenootherwayto3theirjobs.Whensalesmenaresenttodifferentpartsofthecity,theyhavetodriveinorderto4theirproducts.Farmershavetodriveintothecityinordertogetsupplies.Sometimessmallchildrenmustbedrivento5.Insomecities,schoolbusesareusedonlywhenchildrenlivemorethanamilefromtheschool.Whenthechildrenaretoo6towalkthatfar,theirmotherstake7todrivethemtoschool.One8drivesonMondays,takingherownchildrenandtheneighbors'childrenaswell.AnothermotherdrivesonTuesdays,anotheronWednesdays,andsoon.Thisiscalledformingacarpool.Menalsoformcarpools,withthreeorfourmentakingturnsdrivingtotheplace9theywork.Morecarpoolsshouldbeformedinordertoput10automobilesontheroadandtouselessgasoline.Parkingisagreatproblem,andsoisthetrafficinandaroundcities.Toomanycarsarebeingdriven.Somethingwillhavetobedoneabouttheuseofcars.1.A.butB.andC.soD.thenAnswer:A.Thefirsttwosentencesshowacontrast.Somefamiliesdon'thavecarswhileothershavetwoormore,so“but”isusedtoindicatethiscontrast.2.A.greatB.necessaryC.properD.possibleAnswer:B.Thefollowingparagraphsexplainthatcarsareusedinvariousaspectsoflife,sotheyareanecessarypartoflife.3.A.gettoB.lookforC.findoutD.useupAnswer:A.Workersneedtodrivetotheirofficesandfactories,whichmeanstheyneedto“getto”theirjobs.4.A.catchB.createC.coverD.carryAnswer:D.Salesmendrivetodifferentpartsofthecityto“carry”theirproducts.5.A.citiesB.schoolsC.parksD.gardensAnswer:B.Thefollowingcontextaboutschoolbusesandmothersdrivingchildrentoschoolindicatesthatsmallchildrenaredriventoschools.6.A.smallB.bigC.youngD.oldAnswer:C.Whenchildrenaretoo“young”towalkfar,theirmothersdrivethemtoschool.7.A.moneyB.timeC.prideD.turnsAnswer:D.“Taketurns”isafixedphrase,whichmeanstodosomethingoneafteranotherinaregularorder.Here,motherstaketurnsdrivingchildrentoschool.8.A.motherB.childC.wayD.carAnswer:A.Accordingtothecontext,itismotherswhotaketurnsdrivingchildrentoschool,so“mother”iscorrect.9.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.whereAnswer:D.“Where”isusedtorefertotheplace“theplace”wheretheywork,whichfunctionsasanadverbialintherelativeclause.10.A.moreB.fewerC.manyD.lessAnswer:B.Tosolvetheproblemsofparkingandtraffic,morecar-poolsshouldbeformedtoput“fewer”automobilesontheroad.“Fewer”isusedforcountablenounslike“automobiles”.PartIVGrammarandVocabulary(15minutes)Question11:Theoldcouplehavebeenmarriedfor40yearsandneveronce____witheachother.A.theyhadquarreledB.theyhavequarreledC.havetheyquarreledD.hadtheyquarreledAnswer:C.When“never”isplacedatthebeginningofasentence,thesentenceshouldusepartialinversion.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedheretoshowtheexperiencefromthepasttothepresent,sothecorrectformis“havetheyquarreled”.Question12:Theprofessorcanhardlyfindsufficientgrounds____hisargumentinfavorofthenewtheory.A.whichtobaseonB.onwhichtobaseC.tobaseonwhichD.whichtobebasedonAnswer:B.“Base...on...”isafixedphrase.Here,“which”refersto“grounds”.Thestructure“onwhichtobase”isa“prep.+which+to-infinitive”structure,whichisequivalenttoarelativeclause“onwhichhecanbasehisargument”.Question13:Itisnecessarythathe____theassignmentwithoutdelay.A.handinB.handsinC.musthandinD.hastohandinAnswer:A.Insentenceswith“Itisnecessary/important/strangeetc.+that-clause”,thesubjunctivemoodshouldbeusedinthethat-clause,thatis,“(should)+动词原形”.So“handin”iscorrect.Question14:Thepolicearetryingtofindoutthe____ofthewomankilledinthetrafficaccident.A.evidenceB.recognitionC.statusD.identityAnswer:D.“Identity”meansthefactofwhoapersonis.Thepolicearetryingtofindouttheidentityofthewomankilledintheaccident.“Evidence”referstoproof;“recognition”meanstheactofrecognizing;“status”referstoaperson'ssocialorprofessionalposition.Question15:Themanagerpromisedtokeepme____ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.A.tobeinformedB.oninformingC.informedD.informingAnswer:C.“Keepsb.informedofsth.”isafixedexpression,whichmeanstomakesb.knowaboutsth.Here,“informed”isthepastparticipleusedasanobjectcomplement,indicatingthestateofbeinginformed.PartVReadingComprehension(25minutes)Passage3Theconceptof“environment”iscertainlydifficultandmayevenbemisunderstood;butwehavenohandysubstitute.Itseemssimpleenoughtodistinguishbetweentheorganismandthesurroundingenvironmentandtoseparateforcesactingonanorganismintothosethatareinternalandbiologicalandthosethatareexternalandenvironmental.Butinactualpracticethissystembreaksdowninmanyways,becausetheorganismandtheenvironmentareconstantlyinteractingsothattheenvironmentismodifiedbytheorganismandviceversa.Inthecaseofman,thedifficultieswiththeenvironmentalconceptareevenmorecomplicatedbecausewehavetodealwithmanasananimalandwithmanasabearerofculture.Ifwelookatmanasananimalandtrytoanalyzetheenvironmentalforcesthatareactingontheorganism,wefindthatwehavetodealwiththingslikeclimate,soil,plants,andsuch-likefactorscommontoallbiologicalsituations;butwealsofind,always,veryimportantenvironmentalinfluencesthatwecanonlyclassas“cultural”,whichmodifythephysicalandbiologicalfactors.Butman,asweknowhim,isalwaysabearerofculture;andifwestudyhumanculture,wefindthatit,inturn,ismodifiedbytheenvironmentalfactorsofclimateandgeography.Wethuseasilygetintogreatdifficultiesfromthenecessityofviewingculture,atonemoment,asapartofthemanand,atanothermoment,asapartoftheenvironment.Question16:Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethepopularunderstandingof“environment”astheauthorseesit?A.Elaborate.B.Prejudiced.C.Faulty.D.Oversimplified.Answer:D.Theauthorfirstsaysthatitseemssimpletodistinguishbetweentheorganismandtheenvironment,butinfact,thissystembreaksdowninmanyways.Thisshowsthatthepopularunderstandingof“environment”isoversimplified.Question17:Accordingtotheauthor,theconceptof“environment”isdifficulttoexplainbecause____.A.itdoesn'tdistinguishbetweentheorganismandtheenvironmentB.itinvolvesbothinternalandexternalforcesC.theorganismandtheenvironmentinfluenceeachotherD.therelationshipbetweentheorganismandtheenvironmentisunclearAnswer:C.Thepassagestatesthat“theorganismandtheenvironmentareconstantlyinteractingsothattheenvironmentismodifiedbytheorganismandviceversa”,whichmakestheconceptof“environment”difficulttoexplain.Question18:Inanalyzingtheenvironmentalforcesactingonmantheauthorsuggeststhat____.A.biologicalfactorsarelessimportanttotheorganismthanculturalfactorsB.manandotheranimalsaremodifiedequallybytheenvironmentalforcesC.manismodifiedbytheculturalenvironmentaswellasbythenaturalenvironmentD.physicalandbiologicalfactorsexertmoreinfluenceonotherorganismsthanonmanAnswer:C.Thepassagementionsthatwhenanalyzingtheenvironmentalforcesactingonman,wehavetodealwithbothnaturalfactorslikeclimate,soiland“cultural”factors,whichshowsthatmanismodifiedbyboththeculturalenvironmentandthenaturalenvironment.PartVIWriting(45minutes)SectionAComposition(35minutes)Topic:ShouldPrivateCarsBeEncouragedinChina?Inmodernsociety,theissueofwhetherprivatecarsshouldbeencouragedinChinahassparkedaheateddebate.Ononehand,therearesomereasonstoencourageprivatecars.Firstly,privatecarsprovidegreatconvenience.Peoplecantravelattheirownwill,withouthavingtowaitforpublictransportation.Forexample,afamilycangoonaweekendtriptothesuburbsfreelyintheirowncar.Secondly,thedevelopmentoftheprivate-carindustrycanboosttheeconomy.Itcreatesmanyjobsinmanufacturing,sales,andmaintenancesectors.However,therearealsomanydrawbacks.Oneofthemostseriousproblemsistrafficcongestion.Withtheincreasingnumberofprivatecars,roadsinbigcitiesareoftencrowded,whichnotonlywastespeople'stimebutalsoincreasesfuelconsumption.Anotherproblemisenvironmentalpollution.Carsemitalargeamountofharmfulgases,suchascarbonmonoxideandsulfurdioxide,whichdamagetheairqualityandharmpeople'shealth.Inconclusion,althoughprivatecarsbringsomeconvenienceandeconomicbenefits,consideringtheproblemsoftrafficcongestionandenvironmentalpollution,privatecarsshouldnotbeoverlyencouragedinChina.Thegovernmentshouldpromotethedevelopmentofpublictransportationandencouragepeopletousemoreenvironmentally-friendlymeansoftransportation.SectionBNote-writing(10minutes)Situation:YouarePeter.Youmissedameetingduetoasuddenillness.Writeanotetoyourboss,Mr.Smith,apologizingforyourabsenceandexplainingthereason.DearMr.Smith,I'mextremelysorryformissingthemeetingyesterday.Ihadasuddenhighfeverandheadache,andIhadtogotothehospitalimmediately.Thedoctoradvisedmetostayinbedforafewdays.Iunderstandthatmyabsencemighthavecausedsomeinconvenience.Iwillmakeupforitbyworkingharderthesedays.Iwillalsoaskmycolleaguesaboutthedetailsofthemeetingassoonaspossible.Hopeyoucanforgiveme.Bestregards,PeterMoreQuestionsforPracticeGrammarandVocabularyQuestion19:____isknowntotheworld,MarkTwainisagreatAmericanwriter.A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.ItAnswer:C.“As”isusedtointroduceanon-restrictiverelativeclause,whichcanbeplacedatthebeginning,middle,orendofasentence.Here,“Asisknowntotheworld”isacommonexpression.Question20:Thedoctorrecommendedthathe____arestafteralong-termhardwork.A.hasB.hadC.haveD.havingAnswer:C.Insentenceswith“recommend”followedbyathat-clause,thesubjunctivemood“(should)+动词原形”shouldbeused.Question21:Thebookissaid____intomanylanguages.A.totranslateB.tobetranslatedC.tohavetranslatedD.tohavebeentranslatedAnswer:D.“Thebook”and“translate”areinapassiverelationship,andtheactionoftranslationhasbeencompleted,so“tohavebeentranslated”iscorrect.Question22:Sheistoo____tohavethatkindofbehavior.A.respectB.respectfulC.respectableD.respectiveAnswer:C.“Respectable”meansworthyofrespect;“respectful”meansshowingrespect;“respective”meansparticularorindividual;“respect”isaverbornoun.Here,“respectable”isappropriatetodescribeaperson.Question23:Theteacherdemandedthatthestudents____theirpapersimmediately.A.handinB.handedinC.wouldhandinD.hadhandedinAnswer:A.When“demand”isfollowedbyathat-clause,thesubjunctivemood“(should)+动词原形”isused.ReadingComprehensionPassage4Theimportanceofsleepisoftenoverlookedbystudentswhentheyarepreparingforexams.Researchhasconsistentlyshownthatsleepisessentialformemoryconsolidation.Duringsleep,thebrainprocessesandstoresinformationlearnedduringtheday.Lackofsleepcanleadtoadecreaseincognitivefunction,includingmemory,attention,andproblem-solvingskills.Astudyconductedoncollegestudentsfoundthatthosewhosleptforlessthan6hoursanightbeforeanexamhadsignificantlylowerscoresthanthosewhosleptfor8hoursormore.Moreover,sleepdeprivationcanalsoaffectastudent'semotionalwell-being,leadingtoincreasedstressandanxiety.Question24:Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Studentsshouldstayuplatetostudyforexams.B.Sleepisimportantforstudents'examperformance.C.Lackofsleeponlyaffectscognitivefunction.D.Emotionalwell-beinghasnothingtodowithsleep.Answer:B.Thepassageemphasizesthatsleepisessentialformemoryconsolidationandthatlackofsleepcanleadtolowerexamscoresandaffectemotionalwell-being,sothemainideaisthatsleepisimportantforstudents'examperformance.Question25:Accordingtothepassage,whatcanlackofsleepcause?A.Anincreaseincognitivefunction.B.Higherexamscores.C.Decreaseinmemoryandattention.D.Lessstressandanxiety.Answer:C.Thepassagestatesthat“Lackofsleepcanleadtoadecreaseincognitivefunction,includingmemory,attention,andproblem-solvingskills.”ClozeInthemodernworld,manypeopleareunderalotof26.Theyworklonghours,haveabusyschedule,andfacevariouschallenges.Stresscanhaveanegative27onbothphysicalandmentalhealth.Forexample,itcancausehighbloodpressure,headaches,anddepression.Todealwithstress,peoplecantrydifferent28.Oneeffectivewayisexercise.Whenweexercise,ourbodyreleasesendorphins,whicharenaturalpainkillersandmoodboosters.Anotherwayistopracticerelaxationtechniques,suchasmeditationanddeepbreathing.Thesetechniquescanhelpuscalmdownand29ourstresslevels.Itisalsoimportanttohaveagoodsupportsystem.Talkingtofriends,family,oracounselorcan30usfeelbetter.Theycanofferusadviceandemotionalsupport.26.A.pressureB.powerC.pleasureD.progressAnswer:A.Thecontextmentionsthatpeopleworklonghoursandfacechallenges,sotheyareunder“pressure”.27.A.affectB.effectC.effortD.affordAnswer:B.“Haveaneffecton”isafixedphrase,meaningtoinfluence.28.A.methodsB.waysC.roadsD.pathsAnswer:A.“Methods”aremoreformalandsys