专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷126

专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷126

一、阅读理解（本题共25题，每题7.0分，共25分。）

Largecompaniesneedawaytoreachthesavingofthepublicatlarge.Thesame

problem,onasmallerscale,facespracticallyeverycompanytryingtodevelopnew

productsandcreatenewjobs.Therecanbelittleprospectofraisingthesortofsums

neededfromfriendsandpeopleweknow,andwhilebanksmayagreetoprovideshort­

termfinance,theyaregenerallyunwillingtoprovidemoneyonapermanentbasisfor

long-termprojects.Socompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolendthemmoney,

ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.Thistheydoby

issuingstocksandsharesinthebusinessthroughTheStockExchange.Bydoingsothey

canputintocirculationthesavingofindividualsandinstitutions,bothathomeand

overseas.Whenthesaverneedshismoneyback,hedoesnothavetogotothecompany

withwhomheoriginallyplacedit.Instead,hesellshissharesthroughastockbrokerto

someothersaverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoney.Manyoftheservicesneededboth

byindustryandbyeachofusareprovidedbytheGovernmentorbylocalauthorities.

Withouthospitals,roads,electricity,telephones,railways,thiscountrycouldnotfunction.

Alltheserequirecontinuousspendingonnewequipmentandnewdevelopmentifthey

arctoserveusproperly,inquiringmoremoneythanisraisedthroughtaxesalone.The

government,localauthorities,andnationalizedindustriesthereforefrequentlyneedto

borrowmoneytofinancemajorcapitalspending,andthey,too,cometoTheStock

Exchange.Thereishardlyamanorwomaninthiscountrywhosejoborwhosestandard

oflivingdoesnotdependontheabilityofhisorheremployerstoraisemoneytofinance

newdevelopment.Inonewayoranother,thisnewmoneymustcomefromthesavingsof

thecountry.TheStockExchangeexiststoprovideachannelthroughwhichthesesavings

canreachthosewhoneedfinance.

1、Almostallcompaniesinvolvedinnewproductionanddevelopmentmust.

A^relyontheirownfinancialresources

B、persuadethebankstoprovidelong-termfinance

C、borrowlargesumsofmoneyfromfriendsandpeopletheyknow

D、dependonthepopulationasawholeforfinance

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章第一段中“Socompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolend

themmoney,ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.”

文章中的“tumto”“lcnd''和选项中的D4tdcpcndon,forfinance”同义替换。

2、Themoneywhichenablesthesecompaniestogoaheadwiththeirprojectsis.

A、repaidtoitsoriginalownersassoonaspossible

BNraisedbythesellingofsharesinthecompanies

C、exchangedforpartownershipinTheStockExchange

D^investedindifferentcompaniesonTheStockExchange

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章第一段末尾“Thistheydobyissuingstocksandsharesinthe

businessthroughTheStockExchange.Bydoingsotheycanputintocirculationthe

savingofindividualsandinstitutions,bothathomeandoverseas.”故选B。

3、Whenthesaverswanttheirmoneybackthey.

A^askanothercompanytoobtaintheirmoneyforthem

B、lookforotherpeopletoborrowmoneyfrom

C^puttheirsharesinthecompanybackonthemarket

D^transfertheirmoneytomoresuccessfulcompany

标准答案：C

知识点解析:第二段第二句"hesellshissharesthroughastockbrokertosomeother

saverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoney.”故选Co

4、Alltheessentialservicesonwhichwedependare.

A、runbytheGovernmentorourlocalauthorities

B、inconstantneedoffinancialsupport

C、financedwhollybyratesandtaxes

D、unabletoprovidefortheneedsofthepopulation

标准答案：B

知识点解析：从文章第三段“Alltheserequirecontinuousspendingonnewequipment

andnewdevelopmentiftheyaretoserveusproperly,requiringmoremoneythanis

raisedthroughtaxesalone.”文中“requiringmoremoney”与选项中B的“inconstant

needoffinancialsupport”同义替换。

5、TheStockExchangemakesitpossiblefortheGovernment,localauthoritiesand

nationalizedindustries.

ANtoborrowasmuchmoneyastheywish

B、tomakecertaineverybodysavesmoney

C^toraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopments

D、tomakecertaineverybodylendsmoneytothem

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第四段第一句"Thereishardlyamanorwomaninthiscountry

whosejoborwhosestandardoflivingdoesnotdependontheabilityofhisorher

employerstoraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopment.'"故C正确。

Thereisapopularbeliefamongparentsthatschoolsarcnolongerinterestedinspelling.

NoschoolIhavetaughtinhaseverignoredspellingorconsidereditunimportantasa

basicskill.Thereare,hov/ever,vastlydifferentideasabouthowtoteachit,orhowmuch

prioritizeitmustbegivenovergenerallanguagedevelopmentandwritingability.The

problemis,howtoencourageachildtoexpresshimselffreelyandconfidentlyinwriting

withoutholdinghimbackwiththecomplexitiesofspelling.Ifspellingbecomestheonly

focalpointofhisteacher'sinterest,clearlyabrightchildwillbelikelyto"playsafe".He

willtendtowriteonlywordswithinhisspellingrange,choosingtoavoidadventurous

language.That'swhyteachersoftenencouragetheearlyuseofdictionariesandpay

attentiontocontentratherthantechnicalability.Iwasonceshockedtoreadonthe

bottomofasensitivepieceofwritingaboutapersonalexperience:"Thisworkisterrible!

Therearcfartoomanyspellingerrorsandyourwritingisillegible（难以辨认的）Itmay

havebeenasharpcriticismofthepupil'stechnicalabilitiesinwriting,butitwasalsoa

sadreflectionontheteacherwhohadomittedtoreadtheessay,whichcontainedsome

beautifulexpressionsofthechild'sdeepfeelings.Theteacherwasnotwrongtodraw

attentiontotheerrors,butifhisprioritieshadcenteredonthechild'sideas,anexpression

ofhisdisappointmentwiththepresentationwouldhavegiventhepupilmoremotivation

toseekimprovement.

6、Teachersaredifferentintheiropinionsabout.

A^thedifficultiesinteachingspelling

B、theroleofspellingingenerallanguagedevelopment

C、thecomplexitiesofthebasicspellingskills

D^thenecessityofteachingspelling

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章第—'段中提至IITherearc,however,vastlydifferentideasabout

howtoteachit,orhowmuchprioritize（优先）itmustbegivenovergenerallanguage

developmentandwritingability,故选B。

7、Theexpression"playsafe"probablymeans.

A^towritecarefully

B、todoasteacherssay

C、tousedictionariesfrequently

D^toavoidusingwordsoneisnotsureof

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文中对playsafe进行了解释，即Hewilltendtowriteonlywords

withinhisspellingrange,choosingtoavoidadventurouslanguage.与D答案相符。

8、Teachersencouragetheuseofdictionariessothat.

A、studentswillbeabletoexpresstheirideasmorefreely

B、teacherswillhavelesstroubleincorrectingmistakes

CNstudentswillhavemoreconfidenceinwriting

D、studentswilllearntobeindependentofteachers

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章第一段的末尾Theproblemis,howtoencourageachildtoexpress

himselffreelyandconfidentlyinwritingwithoutholdinghimbackwiththecomplexities

ofspeHing?而后作者又提至I」，That,swhyteachersoftenencouragetheearlyuseof

dictionariesandpayattentiontocontentratherthantechnicalability.可知A是正确答

案。

9、Thewriterseemstothinkthattheteacher'sjudgmentonthatsensitivepieceof

writingis.

A^reasonable

B、unfair

C、foolish

D、careless

标准答案：B

知识点解析：从第三段末尾来看Theteacherwasnotwrongtodrawattentiontothe

errors,butifhisprioritieshadcenteredonthechild'sideas»在这里关键是读出but的

语义转折及后面的虚拟。由此可知教师的评语是不太公平的。

10、Themajorpointdiscussedinthepassageis.

A^theimportanceofdevelopingspellingskills

B>thecomplexitiesofspelling

C、thecorrectwayofmarkingcompositions

D、therelationshipbetweenspellingandthecontentofacomposition

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章开始表明了拼写现象被忽视，而后又列举了拼写所造成的问题。

故作者主张重视拼写技能。

Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand,

fortunately,thenumberofsuchreasonsissmall.Pruninginvolvesthecuttingawayof

overgrownandunwantedbranches,andtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedby

thethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthe

treetogrowinitsownway.Firstly,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshavea

desiredshapeorsize.Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheight,andatthesame

timetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveit

aspecialshape.Secondly,pruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier.Youmaycut

outdiseasedordeadwood,orbranchesthatarcrubbingagainsteachotherandthus

causingwounds.Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingbranchesthatarc

blockingupthecenterandsopreventingthefreemovementofair.Oneresultofpruning

isthatanopenwoundisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordisease,butit

isawoundthatwillheal.Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthediseaseasto

whetherthetreewillliveordie,sothatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk.Itshould

betheaimofeverygardenertoreducethatriskofdeathasfaraspossible.Itisessential

tomaketheareawhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandclear,fbrhealingwillbeslowed

downbyroughness.Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhoursandthen

paintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallytbr

thispurpose.Pruningisusuallydoneinwinter,lorthenyoucanseetheshapeofthetree

clearlywithoutinterferencefromtheleavesanditis,too,veryunlikelythatthecutsyou

makewillbleed,ifthisdoeshappen,itis,ofcourse,impossibletopaintthemproperly.

11、Pruningissometimesdoneto.

A、allowthetreetogrowinitsownway

getridofsmallbranches

C、improvetheshapeofthetree

D^letthetreegrowtaller

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第二段第一句话Firsily,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethat

treeshaveadesiredshapeorsize.可知C是正确答案。

12>Treeswillbecomeunhealthywhen.

A、toomanybranchesgrowinthemiddle

branchesinthemiddlearecutaway

C、smallsidebranchesbecomethick

D、overgrownbranchesareremoved

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第二段结尾Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremoving

branchesthatareblockingupthecenterandsopreventingthefreemovemenlofair.文

中的center与选项中inthemiddle同义替换。

13、Aspecialsubstanceispaintedonthecutsurfaceofthetree.

A、topreventthebleedingoftheliquid

B、topreventdiseasefromenteringthewound

C、tohelpthewounddryquickly

D、toremedytheroughnessofthewound

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章第四段开头Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhours

andthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproduced

especiallyforthispurpose.此题的关键是读出forthispurpose指彳©的是什么。垢合

第三段的内容可知thispurpose指的就是preventdisease。故选B。

14、Agoodgardenerprunesatree.

A^atintervalsthroughouttheyear

B、regularlyeverywinter

C、onlywhennecessary

D^onceeveryyear

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章开头Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclear

reasonfordoingso.文中用only表示强调，故选C。

15、Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?

A、Todescribetheadvantagesofpiuning.

B、Togiveageneraldescriptionofpruning.

C>Todiscussdifferentmethodsofpruning.

D、Toexplainthereasonsforpruning.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章开头提出中心，而后解释了两种情况下可剪除树枝，最后提出修

剪的方法。故选D。

Compulsiveshoppersmayhaveanewpsychologicalexcusetoblamefortheirwild

shopping.PsychologistsattheUniversityofCanterburyinNewZealandarestudyingthe

"shop-till-you-drop"habitasabehavioraldisordersimilartocompulsiveeating.

Compulsiveshoppersfrequentlybuymorethantheycanaffordormorethantheyneed,

anditcausesthemdistress."Itbecomesaproblemwhenyouareoutofcontrol,"

psychologylecturerNevilleBlampiedsaid."Whenyouarefeelingbadandblue,whatdo

youdo?Somepeopleeatchocolatecakeandicecream.Somepeopletakeihecreditcard

andgoouttotheshop."Bankmanagersunderstandtheproblembecausetheyhaveto

dealwithpeoplewhohavetobepersuadedtostopusingtheircardsdrawingmoney.

Compulsiveshoppingwasfirstdiscoveredin1915,althoughitwasthenknownas

onioniania.Fewstudieshavebeendoneontheproblem.Anadvertisementina

Christchurchpaper,callingforpeopletotakepartinanexperimentaltreatmentprogram

designedbyMrWilson,attracted10replies.Buttheproblem,saidMrWilson,is"clearly

notrare'1.Hethinksthatcompulsiveshoppingshouldbetreatedwithdrugs.*'As

psychologistsweareinterestedinnon-drugtreatmentsforbehavioraldifficulties,"Mr

Wilsonsaid.Theaimofthetreatmentwastohelppeoplefindbetterwaysofmanaging

theiremotions.Theprogram,consistingof10one-hourweeklylessonsandtwofollow­

uptreatments,islooselybasedonteachingstressmanagement."Youoftenhavetostart

togetpeopletocorrectlyrecognizetheiremotions.Notbeingabletoknowwhatyou

reallyfeelweakensyourabilitytosolvetheproblemsconnectedwithwhat'smakingyou

feelthatway,"MrWilsonsaid.

16>Whatisthisarticlemostlyabout?

A、Signsofcompulsiveshopping.

B、Studiesofcompulsiveshopping.

C、Comparisonofcompulsiveshoppingandcompulsiveeating.

D、AnexperimentaltreatmentprogramdesignedbyMrWilson.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的命题意图是检测学生对全文主旨的概括能力。全文讲述的是关

于“强迫性购物及其治疗方法的研究”，故选B。

17、Thecompulsiveshopperswillgoshoppingwhen.

A、theyhavelotsofmoney

B、theyaretakingdrugs

C^theyarefeelingsad

D、theywinaprize

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节考/题。由第二段“Whenyouarefeelingbadandblue,whatdo

youdo?...Somepeopletakethecreditcardandgoouttotheshop.”即可得到答案。

18、Theunderlinedword"it"inthefirstparagraphmostprobablyrefersto.

A、compulsiveeating

B>anewpsychologicalexcuse

C>thestudydonebyBlampied

D^thebehaviorofwildshopping

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此处的it实际上是指“Compulsiveshoppersfrequentlybuymorethan

theycanaffordormorethantheyneed”这一状况。

19、Whichofthefollowingisconsideredimportantintreatingcompulsiveshoppers?

A^Teachingthemtomanagetheirmoneybetter.

B>leachingthemtounderstandtheiremotions.

C^Persuadingthemnottodrawmoneyfromthebank.

D^Treatingthemwithrightdrugs.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：由倒数第二段第一句可知治疗的目的是为了帮助人们寻找控制他们情

绪的最好的办法，即心病还须心药医。

20、Howlongwillthetreatmentprogramlast?

A、Tenhours.

B、Oneweek.

C、Tendays.

D、Tenweeks.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据第五段“Theprogram,consistingof10one—hourweekly

lessons”，可推知每周一小时的课程，共10小时，故应该持续10周，因此选D。

ThenorthAustraliancityonDarwinwasdevastatedbyastrongcycloneonChristmas

Day.Thedeathanddestructionwasduealmostasmuchtohumanfactorsastothe

violenceofthewind.PeopleinDarwinhadbecomesoaccustomedtocyclonewarnings

thatfewofthempaidanentioniotheradiowarningsofCycloneTracyapproach,which

beganearlyonChristmasEve.Manypeople,infact,diedintheircarsastheytriedto

drivehomethroughthecyclonefromChristmaspartiesorsocialcalls.SinceTownsville

wasdevastatedbyacycloneinDecember1971,theweatherauthoritieshaveregularly

issuedalarmsofeverydangerouscyclone.Butbecausefewofthecycloneseverhitthe

coastaltowns,peopletherehadcometoignorethewarnings.Darwin'slastalertwas

broadcastonlytwoweeksbeforeCycloneTracy.Onthatoccasionthestormchanged

directionandheadedoffharmlesslydownthecoast.Apartfromthosepeoplekilledin

theircars,nearlyalltheothervictimsdiedinthedamageoftheirhomeswhich,despite

thefactthatDarwinliesintherecognizedcyclonebelt,hadnotbeenbuilttowithstand

cyclonicwinds.AlthoughbuildingstandardsinotherstatesofAustraliaweremademuch

stricterafterthetragedyalTownsville,theDarwinauthoritiesneverfollowedthenew

regulations.ConsequentlymostofsuburbanDarwinwasbuiltoflightwoodandiron

raisedoffthegroundonpilestogivecoolnessinthetropicalclimate.Andthesidesofthe

housesweresimplynailedtotheroofinsteadofbeingfirmlyattachedwithwhat

Australianbuilderscall"cyclonebolts".Asaresult,manypeoplewerekilledbyflying

sheetsofironfromtheroofs.

21、TheinhabitantsofDarwinignoredthecyclonewarningbecause.

A、itwasChristmasEve

B、Darwindoesnotlieinthecyclon