专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷12（共180题）

专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷12（共9

套）

（共180题）

专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷第1套

一、阅读理解（本题共25题，每题1.0分，共25分。）

Psychologyandsociologyarebothcategorizedassocialsciences,andbothstudyhuman

behavior.However,psychologyisthestudyofindividualbehavior,whereassociologyis

thestudyofgroupbehavior.Psychologydealswiththepossibleproblemsanindividual

mighthaveinsocialinteractionwithotherindividuals,butthemainconcernofsociology

isthewaysthatdifferentsocietieswithdifferentculturesdealwitheachother.Sociology

asksandtriestoanswerquestionslikethese:whydoesonesocietyprogressrapidlyand

anotheroneremainprimitiveforcenturies?Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutionina

society?Whatistheroleofreligionorartinasociety?Psychologyasksandtriesto

answerquestionslikethese:whydoesanindividualadapteasilytoachanging

environmentandanotherindividualbecomementallydisturbed?Whatarethecausesof

antisocialbehavior?Whatroledoesreligionorartplayinanindividual'smentaland

emotionallife?Psychologyandsociologyoftenworktogetherintheirstudyofhuman

behavior.Itisassumedthatbybetterunderstandingindividualmotivationandbehavior,

morewillbelearnedaboutgroupmotivationandbehavior.Thereverseisalsoassumed:

ifscientistscanlearnmoreaboutsocialgroups,theywilllearnmoreaboutindividuals.

1、Whatwouldbeanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

A、PsychologyandSociology

B、IndividualandGroup

C>HumanBehaviorStudy

D、MainConcernsofSocialSciences

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章第一段讲了心理学和社会学的定义及区别，第二段重点讲社会

学，第三段重点讲心理学，最后一段讲两者之间的合作互利。故A对。

2、Whichofthefollowingquestionsistheconcernofpsychology?

A^Whatistheroleofreligionorartinasociety?

B、Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutioninasociety?

C、Whatarethecausesofantisocialbehavior?

D^Whydoesonesocietyprogressmorerapidlythananother?

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第三段Psychologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslike

these：...Whatarethecausesofantisocialbehavior?讲的都是心理学所涉猎的内容，

所以选C。A、B、D项所述都是社会学研究的内容。

3、Accordingtotheauthor,.

A、psychologyandsociologybenefitfromeachother'sresearch

B、toomuchemphasisonpsychologymaycausesocialproblems

C、thestudyofgroupbehavioristheinterestofpsychologists

D^differentsocietieswithdifferentculturescannotgetalongwell

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由文章的第四段Psychologyandsociologyoftenworktogetherintheir

studyofhumanbehavior…及其后面的内容可知，研究个体对团体的行为研究有利，

而研究团体也对个体的行为研究有利。因此选A。

4、Awordwhichcantaketheplaceof"reverse"inthelastsentenceis.

A、consequence

B、result

C、opposite

D、implication

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由文章最后一段最后两句Itisassumedthatbybetterunderstanding

individualmotivationandbehavior»morewillbelearnedaboutgroupmotivationand

behavior.Thereverseisalsoassumed：ifscientistscanlearnmoreaboutsocial

groups,theywilllearnmoreaboutindividuals.可知,这两句讲的是相互对立的两个

方面.故reverse前后假设的条件和结果F好相反「故C对c

5、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A、Bothpsychologyandsociologystudyhumanbehavior.

B、Mentalproblemsshouldbedealtwithbyasociologist.

C、Sociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior.

D、Psychologypaysmoreattentiontoindividualsthantogroups.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章第一段psychologyisthestudyofindividualbehavior,whereas

sociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior和Psychologydealswiththepossibleproblems

anindividualmighthaveinsocialinteractionwithotherindividuals可知A、C、D正

确，mentalproblem足psychology所研究的对象，故选

Thereisnodenyingthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingabouthowcomputerswork,just

asweexpectthematleasttounderstandthattheinternal-combustionengine（内燃机）

hassomethingtodowithburningfuel,expandinggasesandpistonsbeingdrive.For

peopleshouldhavesomebasicideaofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhattheydo.

Further,studentsmightbehelpedbyacoursethatconsidersthecomputer'simpacton

society.Butthatisnotwhatismeantbycomputerliteracy.Forcomputerliteracyisnota

formofliteracy（读写能力）;itisatradeskillthatshouldnotbetaughtasaliberalart.

Learninghowtouseacomputerandlearninghowtoprogramonearetwodistinct

activities.Acasemightbemadethatthecompetentcitizensoftomorrowshouldfree

themselvesfromtheirfearofcomputers.Butthisisquitedifferentfromsayingthatall

oughttoknowhowtoprogramone.Leavethattopeoplewhohavechosenprogramming

asacareer,whileprogrammingcanbelotsoffun,andwhileoursocietyneedssome

peoplewhoareexpertsatit,thesameistrueofautorepairandviolin-making.Learning

howtousecomputerisnotthatdifficult,anditgetseasierallthetimeasprograms

becomemore"user-friendlyLetusassumethatinthefutureeveryoneisgoingtohave

toknowhowtouseacomputertobeacompetentcitizen.Whatdoesthephrase"learning

touseacomputer"mean?Itsoundslike"learningtodriveacar",thatis,itsoundsasif

thereissomesetofdefiniteskillsthat,onceacquired,enableonetouseacomputer.In

fact,"learningtouseacomputer"ismuchmorelike"learningtoplayagame,"but

learningtherulesofonegamemaynothelpyouplayasecondgame,whoserulesmay

notbethesame.Thereisnosuchathingasteachingsomeonehowtouseacomputer.

Onecanonlyteachpeopletousethisorthatprogramandgenerallythatiseasily

accomplished.

6、Tobethecompetentcitizensoftomorrow,peopleshould.

A、trytolayasolidfoundationincomputerscience

BNbeawareofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhattheydo

C^learntouseacomputerbyacquiringacertainsetofskills

D、understandthatprogrammingacomputerismoreessentialthanrepairingacar

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据第二段Learninghowtouseacomputerandlearninghowto

programonearetwodistinctactivities.Acasemightbemadethatthecompetent

citizensoftomorrowshouldfreethemselvesfromtheirfearofcomputers.可知C正

确。

7^Inthesecondparagraph"violin-making"ismentionedtoshowthat.

A、programmingacomputerisasinterestingasmakingaviolin

B、oursocietyneedsexpertsindifferentfields

C>violin-makingrequiresasmanyskillsascomputerprogramming

D、peoplewhocanuseacomputerdon'tnecessarilyhavetoknowcomputerprogram

标准答案：D

知识点解析:thesameistrueofautorepairandviolin-making.在这里用autorepair

和violin-making分别指代使用电脑和懂得编程的人。

8、Learningtouseacomputerisgettingeasierallthelimebecause.

A、programsarebecominglesscomplicated

B、programsaredesignedtobeconvenienttousers

C、programmingisbecomingeasierandeasier

D^programsarebecomingreadilyavailabletocomputerusers

标准答案：B

知识点解析：Learninghowtousecomputerisnotthatdifficult,anditgetseasierall

thetimeasprogramsbecomemoreuuser-friendly,\此题的关键是理解“user-friendly"

的意思，“对用户友好的，容易使用的“。故选B。

9、Accordingtotheauthor,thephrase"learningtouseacomputer”(Para.3)means

learning.

A^aseiofrules

B、thefundamentalofcomputerscience

C、specificprograms

D^generalprinciplesofprogramming

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由文章最后一句Onecanonlyteachpeopletousethisorthatprogram

andgenerallythatiseasilyaccomplished.可知选Co

10、Theauthor5spurposeinwritingthispassageis.

Axtostresstheimpactofthecomputeronsociety

B、toexplaintheconceptofcomputerliteracy

C、toillustratetherequirementforbeingcompetentcitizensoftomorrow

D、toemphasizethatcomputerprogrammingisaninterestingandchallengingjob

标准答案：B」-^

知识点解析：通读全文可知，作者主要讲述的是使用计算机能力的一些内容，A、

C、D所述均不正确，只有B项是作者的写作目的所在。

Honeybeescannotlivealone.Theirbodystructureandinstinctsequipthemfbrlifeina

colonyorcommunity,wheretheyhaveacomplexsocialorganizationandthevarious

dutiesaredividedamongtheindividualsaccordingtophysicalfitnessandage.An

individualworkerbeecannotproduceitself.Whileitmaycontinuetoliveifforcibly

isolatedfromitsmates,itfailstocareforitselfadequately,andsoondies.Mostinsects

havetheabilitytohibernateinwinter,butthehoneybeeseemstohavelostthis.Sinceat

lowtemperaturesthebeewilldie,itmusthavetheabilitytomakeitsownenvironment,

sofarastemperatureisconcerned.Thismakesacolonyisnecessarytothebeesin

winter,sothattheymaycollectivelywarmeachother.Efficiency,ifnotnecessarily,

demandsthattheworkofthecolonybedivided,andsuchadivisionoflabortendsto

enhancetheneedtomaintainthecolony.Thephysicalstructureofthehoneybeeis

furthersuitedforthedefenseoftheentirecolonyratherthanforitsowndefense.The

bee'sbarbedstingisusedonlyonceandismademoreeffectivebythefactthatitishft

behindinthevictim.Withthelossofthesting,however,thebeedies.Thiskindof

defensiveweaponisnotofservicetotheindividual,buttothecommunity.

11、Accordingtothepassage,beesarefittedforcommunallifebyvirtueoftheir

A、flexibilityandinitiative

B>intelligenceandsensitivity

C、independenceandendurance

D^instinctsandform

标准答案：D

知识点解析：由第一段首句Honeybeescannotlivealone.Theirbodystructureand

instinctsequipthemforlifeillacolonyorcommunity.可知选D。

12、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatatonetimebeeshadtheabilityto.

A、increasetheiractivityinlowertemperatures

B、leavecoldclimatesduringwinter

C、remaininactivethroughperiodsofcoldweather

D^constructinsulatedhives

标准答案：C

知识点解析：从文中第五句Mostinsectshavetheabilitytohibernateinwinter,but

thehoneybeeseemstohavelostthis.可知昆虫有冬天冬眠的能力，但是蜜蜂可能己

经失去了这个能力。推断曾经蜜蜂可能具有这个能力。故选C。

13、Accordingtothepassage,beesdifferfrommostoihercommunitiesofinsectsin

theirneedto.

A、reproduceinlargenumbers

B、controlthetemperaturewheretheylive

C^dividetheworkoftheircolonies

D^haveacomplexdefensesystem

标准答案：C

知识点解析：从文中Efficiency,ifnotnecessarily,demandsthattheworkofthe

colonybedivided,andsuchadivisionoflabortendstoenhancetheneedtomaintain

thecolony可知蜜蜂需根据它们工种的不同来进行工作分工，这也是它们与其他昆

虫的不同之处，故选C

14、Accordingtothepassage,thehoneybee'sstingisparticularlyeffectivebecause

it.

A、hasmanypotentialuses

cankillseveralvictimsatonce

C、islocatedintherearofthebee'sbody

D、remainswiththebee'svictim

标准答案：D

知识点解析：从文中Thebee'sbarbedstingisusedonlyonceandismademore

effectivebythefactthatitisleftbehindinthevictim.可知D正确。

15、Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriatetitleforthepassage?

A、TheCommunalLifeofBees

B、TheStructureoftheBee

C、TheOrganizationofInsectColonies

D^TheLifeoftheSocialInsects

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据文章最后内容可知，文章阐述的是蜜蜂的群居生活。故A对。

Itisveryinterestingtonotewherethedebateaboutdiversity（多样化）istakingplace.It

istakingplaceprimarilyinpoliticalcircles.HereattheCollegeFund,wehavealotof

contactwithtopcorporate（公司的）leaders;noneofthemistalkingaboutgettingridof

thoseinstrumentsthatproducediversity.Infact,theysaythatiftheircompaniesarcto

competeintheglobalvillageandintheglobalmarketplace,diversityisanimperative.

Theyalsosaythattheneedfortalented,skilledAmericansmeanswehavetoexpandthe

poolofpotentialemployees.Andinlookingatwherebirthratearegrowingandatwhere

thepopulationisshifting,corporateAmericaunderstandsthatexpandingthepoolmeans

promotingpoliciesthathelpprovideskillstomoreminorities,morewomen,andmore

immigrants.Corporateleadersknowthatifthatdoesn'toccurinoursociety,theywillnot

havetheengineers,thescientists,thelawyers,orthebusinessmanagerstheywillneed.

Likewise,Idon'thearpeopleintheacademysaying,"Let'sgobackward.Let'sgobackto

thegoodolddays,whenwehadameritocracy（不拘一格选人才）“，whichwasnever

true-weneverhadameritocracy,althoughwe'vecomeclosertoitinthelast30years.I

recentlyvisitedagreatlittlecollegeinNewYorkwherethecampushasdoubledits

minoritypopulationinthelastsixyears.ItalkedwithanAfricanAmericanwhohasbeen

professorthereforalongtime.Andsheremembersthatwhenshefirstjoinedthe

community,therewerelewerthanahandfulofminoritiesoncampus.Nowallofusfeel

（hewayisbetterbecauseofthediversity.Sowherewehearthisdebatesisprimarilyin

politicalcirclesandinthemedia-notincorporateboardroomsoroncollegecampuses.

16、Thewordimperative（Para.1）mostprobablyreferstosomething.

A、superficial

remarkable

C、debatable

D、essential

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据文中具体语言环境可知该词的意思为“必需的，不可缺少的''，故

选D。

17^Whichofthefollowinggroupsofpeoplestilldifferintheirviewsondiversity?

A^Minorities.

B、Politicians.

C^Professors.

D、Managers.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据文中前两句Itisveryinterestingtonotewherethedebateabout

diversity（多样化）istakingplace.Itistakingplaceprimarilyinpoliticalcircles.可知对

多样化的讨论多发生在政界，所以应该是政客谈论的较多。故选B。

18、Highcorporateleadersseemtobeinfavorofpromotingdiversitysoasto.

A^lowertherateofunemployment

Americanpoliticalcircleswillnotacceptdiversity

C、becompetitiveintheworldmarket

D、satisfythedemandofagrowingpopulation

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据文中第一段Infact,theysaythatiftheircompaniesaretocompete

intheglobalvillageandintheglobalmarketplace,diversityisanimperative.可知公

司要在市场上更具竞争力就要注意多样化发展，故C正确。

19、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A^meritocracycanneverberealizedwithoutdiversity

B、Americanpoliticalcircleswillnotacceptdiversity

C、ItisunlikelythatdiversitywilloccurintheU.S.media

D^minoritiescanonlyenterthefieldswherenodebateisheardaboutdiversity

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据文中第二段...whichwasnevertrue—weneverhadameritocracy,

althoughwe'vecomeclosertoitinthelast30years.及后面的Nowallofusfeelthe

wayisbelterbecauseofthediversity.可知选A。

20、Accordingtothepassage,diversitycanbeachievedinAmericansocietyby.

A、expandingthepoolofpotentialemployees

B、promotingthepoolofpotentialemployees

C、trainingmoreengineers,scientists,lawyersandbusinessmanagers

D、providingeducationforallregardlessofraceorsex

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据文章意思Americaunderstandsthatexpandingthepoolmeans

promotingpoliciesthathelpprovideskillstomoreminorities,morewomen,andmore

immigrants.因此D为E确选项。

Bacteriaareextremelysmalllivingthings.Whilewemeasureourownsizesininchesor

centimeters,bacterialsizeismeasuredinmicrons.Onemicronisathousandthofa

millimeter;apinheadisaboutamillimeteracross.Rod-shapedbacteriaareusuallytwoto

fourmicronslong,whileroundedonesaregenerallyonemicronindiameter.Thus,ifyou

enlargedaroundedbacteriumathousandtimes,itwouldbejustaboutthesizeofa

pinhead.Anadulthumanmagnifiedbythesameamountwouldbeoveramile(1.6

kilometers)tall.Evenwithanordinarymicroscope,youmustlookcloselytoseebacteria.

Usingamagnificationof100times,onefindsthatbacteriaarcbarelyvisibleastinyrods

ordots.Onecannotmakeoutanythingoftheirstructure.Usingspecialstains,onecansee

thatsomebacteriahaveattachedtothemwavy-looking"hairs"calledflagella(鞭毛).

Othershaveonlyoneflagellum.Theflagellarotate,pushingthebacteriathroughthe

water.Manybacterialackflagellaandcannotmoveaboutbytheirownpower,while

otherscanglidealongoversurfacesbysomelittle-understoodmechanism.Fromthe

bacterialpointofview,theworldisaverydifferentplacefromwhatitistohumans.Toa

bacterium,waterisasthickasmolassesistous.Bacteriaarcsosmallthattheyarc

influencedbythemovementsofthechemicalmolecules（分子）aroundthem.Bacteria

underthemicroscope,eventhosewithnoflagella,oftenbounceaboutinthewater.This

isbecausetheycollidewiththewatermoleculesandarepushedthiswayandthat.

Moleculesmovesorapidlythatwithinatenthofasecondthemoleculesarounda

bacteriumhaveallbeenreplacedbynewones.Evenbacteriawithoutflagellaarcthus

constantlyexposedtoachangingenvironment.

21、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A、Rod-shapedbacteriaaregenerallylargerthanroundedones.

B、Ifweenlargedarod-shapedbacteriumathousandtimes,itwouldstillbesmallerthan

apinhead.

C、Ifoneusedamicroscopewithamagnificationof100times,hecanseethestructure

ofabacteriumclearly.

D^Watermoleculesmovesoquicklythatabacteriumcannotmoveinthewater.

标准答案:A

知识点解析：根据文中第一段“Rod—shippedbacteriaareusuallytwotofourmicrons

long,whileroundedonesaregenerallyonemicronindiameter”,可明显得出rod-

shapedbacteria比roundedbacteria要大，故A正确。

22、Accordingtothepassage,onewhoexaminesbacteriawithanordinarymicroscope,

usingamagnificationof100timeswillsee.

A、tinyrods

stains

C、wavy-lookinghairs

D、detailedstructures

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据文中第二段前两句"Usingamagnificationof100times,onefinds

thatbacteriaayebarelyvisibleastinyrodsordots”,故选A。

23、Theenvironmentaroundbacteriaisalwayschangingbecause.

A、moleculesaroundbacteriamoveveryfast

B、thewaterisasthickasmolasses

C^thereisalargenumberofmoleculesaroundbacteria

D、newbacteriaalwaysreplacetheoldones

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据文章第三段“Moleculesmovesorapidlythatwithinatenthofa

secondthemoleculesaroundabacteriumhaveallbeenreplacedbynewones”,故选

Ao

24>Theauthorcompareswatertomolassesinordertoshow.

A、howdifficultitisforbacteriatomovethroughthewater

B、howdifferentthebacterialworldisfromthehumanworld

C、howthewatermoleculeswork

D^whatdifferentbacteriaoneliquidcontainsfromanother

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由文章第三段前三句可知作者将水比作糖浆是为了说明“水对于细菌

来说就相当于糖浆对于人类一样稠，所以细菌在水中运动起来就很困难”，故选

Ao

25、Therelationshipbetweenabacteriumanditsflagellaismostsimilartowhichofthe

following?

A^Aflagattachedioastick.

B、Acowboyonthecow'sback.

C、Adoorclosedbyanaughtyboy.

D^Aboatpushedbythemotor.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据文章第二段最后几句“…somebacteriahaveattachedtothem

wavy-looking'hairs'calledflagella...Theflagellarotate,pushingthebacteriathrough

thewater。”可知D更确切。

专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷第2套

一、阅读理解（本题共25题，每题7.0分，共25分。）

TheUnitedStatesisacountrymadeupofmanydifferentraces.Usuallytheyaremixed

togetherandcan'tbetoldonefromanother.Butmanyofthemstilltalkaboutwheretheir

ancestorscamefrom.Itissomethingtheyareproudof.TheoriginalAmericans,of

course,weretheIndians.Theso-calledwhitemenwhothencameweremostlyfrom

England.ButmanycamefromothercountrieslikeGermanyandFrance.Oneproblem

theUnitedStateshasalwayshadisdiscrimination.AsnewgroupscametotheUnited

Statestheyfoundtheywerediscriminatedagainst.FirstitwastheIrishandItalians.Later

itwastheblacks.Almosteverygrouphasbeenabletoeventuallyescapethis

discrimination.Theonlyimmigrantswhohavenotaretheblacks.Surprisinglyenough

theworstdiscriminationtodayisshowntowardstheIndians.OnereasontheIndiansare

discriminatedagainstisthattheyhavetriedsohardtokeeptheiridentity.Ofcoursethey

arenottheonlyoneswhohavedoneso.TheJapanesehavetheirLittleTokyoinLos

AngelesandtheChineseaChinatowninNewYork.TheDutchsettlementin

Pennsylvaniaalsostaysseparatefromotherpeople.Theirtownsarelikesomethingfrom

the19thcentury.Theyhaveadifferentreasonthantheothergroupsforstayingapart.

Theyliveseparatelyforreligiousreasonsratherthankeepingtogetherinaracialgroup.

Althoughsomegroupshavekeptthemselvesseparateandothershavebeendiscriminated

against,allgroupshavehelpedmaketheUnitedStatesagreatcountry.Thereisnogroup

thathasnothelpedinsomeway.Andthereisnogroupthatcansaytheyhavedonethe

mosttomakeitagreatcountry.Manypeoplestillcomefromothercountriestohelpthe

UnitedStatesgrow.AgoodexampleistheAmericanprojectthatletaroanwalkonthe

moon.ItwasascientistfromGermanywhowasmostresponsiblefordoingthat.Itis

certainthatinthefuturetheUnitedStateswillstillneedthehelpofpeoplefromallracial

groupstoremainagreatcountry.

1、Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestdescribethemainideaofthispassage?

A、TheUnitedSlatesisacountrymadeupofmanydifferentraces.

B、DiscriminationisthemostseriousproblemintheUnitedStates.

C>AlltheracesintheUnitedStateshavehelpedmakethecountryagreatone.

D、TheprosperityoftheUnitedStatesismainlyduetothehardworkofthemost

discriminatedraces.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由文章第五段第一句"Althoughsomegroupshavekeptthemselves

separateandothershavebeendiscriminatedagainst,allgroupshavehelpedmakethe

UnitedStatesagreatcountry可知C正确。

2、Inthefirstparagraph,theword"told"means.

A、separated

distinguished

C、revealed

D、madeknown

标准答案：B

知识点解析：从上下文准理Usuallytheyarcmixedtogetherandcan'tbetoldonefrom

another.前面的mix已能判断出told的含义，即“区分、区别''的意思，同B项意

思接近。

3、Thispassageimpliesthatdiscriminationisaproblemwhich.

A^manyracesintheUnitedStateshaveexperienced

B、isstillveryseriousintheUnitedSlalus

C、hasalreadybeensolvedintheUnitedStates

D^isstronglyopposedbymanydifferentracesintheUnitedStates

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由文章第三段第一句"OneproblemtheUnitedStateshasalwayshadis

discrimination."和第五句"Almosteverygrouphasbeenabletoeventuallyescapethis

discrimination.”可知A正确。

4、ThemainreasonwhytheIndiansaremostdiscriminatedagainstisthat.

theyhavetriedhardtokeeptheirreligious

B、theyhavetriedhardtolivetogethertokeeptheirIndiancustoms

C、theyaretheonlyoneswhotriedtokeeptheiridentity

D、theydiscriminatemanyotherraces

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章第四段第一句说到"OnereasontheIndiansarediscriminatedagainst

isthattheyhavetriedsohardtokeeptheiridentity.”这里的keeptheiridentity与B中

的keeptheirIndiancustoms属同义替换。

5、TheDutchliveseparatelyinPennsylvania.

A、toescapediscrimination

B、toenjoythemselvesintheirowntowns

C、tokeeptogetherinaracialgroup

D、forreligiousreasons

标准答案：D

知识点解析：第四段结尾说到“Theyliveseparatelyforreligiousreasonsratherthan

keepingtogetherinaracialgroup…”。因此D正确。

Foryears,theTobaccoInstitutehastriedunsuccessfullytorefute（反驳）thechargeby

healthexpertsthatcigarettesmokingcanbedangeroustoyourhealth.Nowtheinstitute

hastakenanewtack（彳亍动方针）.Inanadvertisingcampaignlastfall,theindustrytrade

associationignoredhealthquestionsandstressedthatnotsmokingcouldbedangerousto

thelocaleconomy."Tobaccomeans$1,193,000,000toVirginia,*'trumpetedone

advertisement,"VirginiatobaccohelpspaveVirginiasocialprograms.Tobaccomeans

90,000Virginiajobs."Themessagewasrepeatedwiththeappropriatedollarfiguresin

sixothertobaccostates.ThestatisticsarebasedonastudybytheUniversityof

Pennsylvania'sWhartonSchool,whichcalculatesthat,overall',theU.S.tobaccoindustry

generates$30millioninwagesandearnings,$15.5billionincapitalinvestmentand

$22billionintaxrevenueeachyear."Ifyoulookattheeconomiccontributiontobacco

makestoAmerica/1saysEdwardHorrigan,Jr.,ChairmanofR.JReynoldsTobaccoCo.,

"thereisnoreasonforustobeashamedofthebusinesswearein."TheAmericanCancer

Societydisagrees.WhileVirginiaiscollectingits$1.2billionintobaccorevenuethis

year,theSocietysaid2,900ofitscitizenswillbevictimsoflungcancer.Thousands

more,thesocietycouldhaveadded,willbevictimsofotherdiseasesstronglyassociated

withsmoking.AndtheU.S.SurgeonGeneralestimatesthedirectdollarcostsoftreating

smoking-relatedillnessesnationallyatmorethan$13billionayear-nottomention

another$25billioninlostwagesandproductivity.

6、OnwhatgrounddidtheTobaccoInstitutearguewithhealthexperts?

A、Theyareunwillingtopaymoretax.

B、Cigarettesmokingcannotbedangeroustohealth.

C、Mostpeoplecannotgetridofsmokinghabit.

D、Muchofthegovernment'srevenuecomesfromtobaccotax.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章第一段第三句中说到“…theindustrytradeassociationignored

healthquestionsandstressedthatnotsmokingcouldbedangeroustothelocal

economy.”再由下文的讲解和数据可知吸烟为美国经济作出了巨大贡献。A、B、

C三项都不符合文意，只有D项较为符合。故选D。

7、TheTobaccoInstitutehastakenanewtacktorefutethechargeby.

A、advertising

trumpeting

C^thehelpoftheindustrytradeassociation

D、supportingVirginiasocialprograms

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由第一段第二、三句"Nowtheinstitutehastakenanewtack（行动方

针）.Inanadvertisingcampaignlastfhll…''可知A正确。

8、"Tobaccomeans$1,193,000,000toVirginia."Thisimpliesthat.

A、Virginiawillproduce$1,193,000,000tobacco

B、tobaccoisworth$1,193,000,000inVirginia

C、Virginiawillcollect$1,193,000,000intobaccorevenue

D、thetaxontobaccoinVirginiaishigh

标准答案：C

知识点解析:此句话后面有“VirginiatobaccohelpspaveVirginiasocial

programs.Tobaccomeans90,000Virginiajobs.“另外第三段第二句又说到“While

Virginiaiscollectingits$l.2billionintobaccorevenue…''可推知C是正确答案。

9、WhydoesEdwardHorrigan,Jr.say"thereisnoreasonforustobeashamedofthe

businesswearein"?

A、Becausehethinksthattobaccoisnotharmfultohealth.

BecausehethinksthattobaccomakesagreatcontributiontotheAmericaneconomy.

C^BecausehethinksthattobaccodoesmuchdamagetotheAmericaneconomy.

D、BecausehethinksthattobaccoisessentialtomanyAmericans.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章第二段结尾说到“Ifyoulookattheeconomiccontributiontobacco

makestoAmerica,^saysEdwardHorrigan,Jr.,ChairmanofR.JReynolds

TobaccoCo..uthereisnoreasonfbrustobeashamedofthebusinesswearein.“可

知文中economiccontribution是原因。故选B。

10、TheU.S.Government'sannualtobaccorevenueis.

A^$1.2billion

B、$15.5billion

C、$22billion

D、$30billion

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据文章第二段第一句“…and$22billionintaxrevenueeachyear."可

知C是止确答案。

Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsof

thousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasesforthedecisionswemakeandtherootsof