专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷9（共216题）

专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷9（共9

套）

（共216题）

专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷第1套

一、阅读理解（本题共25题，每题1.0分，共25分。）

Before1945,hardlyanyoneoutsideofNewMexicohadeverheardofAlamogordo.In

1960itspopulationnumbered21,723.Eversince1898.whenthetownhadbeenbuiltby

theSouthernPacificRailroad,Alamogordohadbeenalonelytown.Thelandaroundit

waslargelydesert,andlargelyempty.Becauseitwasisolatedandbecausetheweather

wasalmostalwaysclearandbeautiful;aspotofdesertnearAlamogordowaschosenas

thetestsiteforthefirstatomicbombeverexploded.Thesecretnameofthetestwas

Zero.AtdawnonJuly16,1945,theatomicbombwassetoff.Observersagreedthatthey

hadwitnessedsomethingunlikeanythingeverseenbymenbefore:ahugecolorful

fireball,morebrilliantthanthesun,flashingasitroseformilesintotheair.Neverbefore

hadmenreleasedsomuchpoweratonetime,norhadanynationeverpossesseda

weaponasterribleanddestructiveastheatomicbomb.Forseveralweeks,thetestwas

keptsecret.WhenanatomicbombwasdroppedfromanAmericanplaneonHiroshima,

Japan,newspapersandradiostationsalloverAmericatoldofthetestofthebombinNew

Mexico.Almosteverybodywasamazedtolearnwherethebombhadbeenmadeand

tested;thedesertsoftheSouthwesthadhiddenthesecretwell.Whennewsoftheatomic

bombanditsdestructivenesswasannounced,peopleallovertheworldwonderedwhat

othernewweaponswerebeingpreparedinNewMexicodesert.Somepeopledoubted

thatthesecretmakingatomicbombscouldbekeptfromothercountries.Someeven

doubtedthewisdomofusingsopowerfulaweapon.Butnoonedoubtedthatanewkind

ofwar-andanewkindofworld—hadbegunatAlamogordo,onesummermorningin

1946.

1、Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?

A、ThesecretofAlamogordo.

B、Anewkindofwar.

C^Thedestructiveforceofthefirstatomicbomb.

D、Theselectionofthetestsiteforthefirstatomicbomb.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章主要汜述了阿拉莫戈多的秘密，即它是一个研究原子弹的秘密基

地。故A正确。

2、WhichofthefollowingisthemainreasonforchoosingAlamogordoasthetestsite?

A、Italwayshadanenjoyableclimate.

B、Itwasconnectedtoothercitiesbyarailway.

C、Itslocationwouldhidethesecretwell.

D、ItwassituatedinsouthwesternNewMexico.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由第二段第一句的“Becauseitwasisolated..."及后面第四段最后一句

的“…thedesertsoftheSouthwesthadhiddenthesecretwell”可知C为最佳选项,A项

只占一部分原因。

3、WhenwastheatomicbombdroppedonHiroshima?

A、Assoonasthesecretwasrevealed.

B、AtdawnonJuly16,1945.

C、Immediatelyafterthetest.

D、Severalweeksafterthetest.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：由文章第四段的内容可知，新墨西哥的原子弹爆发几周后，一直处于

保密状态，直到美国在三本广岛投下原子弹，新墨西哥的原子弹才被曝光。由此可

推断出本题答案应为D。

4、Afterthefirstatomicbombexplosion,everybodyagreedthat.

A、itwaswisetochooseAlamogordoasthetestsite

B、manhadenteredtheageofnuclearwarfare

C、itwasnotwisetousesuchapowerfulweapon

D、itwasnotpossibletokeepthetechnologyofmakingatomicbombssecret

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据最后一句"Butnoonedoubtedthatanewkindofwar一andanew

kindofworld一hadbegunatAlamogordo,onesummermorningin1946.”可知应选

Bo

5、Thetoneofthispassageisoneof.

A、anxiety

satisfaction

C、encouragement

D、fear

标准答案：D

知识点解析：由第三段最后一句"Neverbeforehadmenreleasedsomuchpoweratone

time,norhadanynationeverpossessedaweaponastembleanddestructiveasthe

atomicbomb.”可推出作者的口气。四个选项中D项较为恰当。

Televisionhaschangedthelifestyleofpeopleineveryindustrializedcountryinthe

world.IntheUnitedStates,wheresociologistshavestudiedtheeffects,someinteresting

observationshavebeenmade.Television,althoughnotessential,hasbecomean

importantpartofmostpeople'slives.Italterspeople'swaysofseeingtheworld;inmany

ways,itsupportsandsustainsmodemlife.Televisionhasbecomeababy-sitter,an

introducerofconversations,themajortransmitterorculture,akeeperoftradition.Yet

whenwhatcanbeseenonTVinonedayiscriticallyanalyzed,itbecomesevidentthat

televisionisnotateacherbutasustainer:thepoorqualityofprogrammingdoesnot

elevate（提?,；j）peopleintogreaterunderstanding,butrathermaintainsandencouragesthe

lifeasitexists.TheprimaryreasonforthelackofqualityinAmericantelevisionis

relatedtoboththehistoryofTVprogrammingdevelopmentandtheeconomicsofTV.

TelevisioninAmericabeganwiththeradio.Radiocompaniesandtheirsponsorsfirst

experimentedwithtelevision.Therefore,thecloserelationshipwhichtheadvertisershad

withradioprogramsbecamethesystemforAmericanTV.Sponsorsnotonlypaidmoney

fortimewithinprograms,butmanyactuallyproducedtheprograms.Thus,inAmerican

society,televisionisprimarilyconcernedwithreflectingandattractingsocietyratherthan

experimentingwithnewideas.AdvertiserswanttoattractIhelargestviewingaudience

possible.Todosorequiresthattheprogramsbeentertainingratherthaneducational,

attractiveratherthanchallenging.TelevisioninAmericatodayremains,toalargeextent,

withthesameorganizationandstandardsasithadthirtyyearsago.Thehopeforfurther

developmentandtrueachievementtowardimprovingsocietywillrequireachangeinthe

entiresystem.

6、AccordingtotheauthorAmericantelevisionispoorinqualitybecause.

A^advertisersareinterestedinexperimentingwithnewideas

B、itisstillatanearlystageofdevelopment,comparedwiththeradio

C、theprogramshavetobedevelopedintheinterestsofthesponsorsforeconomic

reasons

D、itiscontrolledbyradiocompanies

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第三段第一句说到“Theprimaryreasonforthelackofqualityin

AmericantelevisionisrelatedtoboththehistoryofTVprogrammingdevelopmentand

theeconomicsofTV.”再根据下文对此的解释，可知选C。

7、Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout.

A、TVasthesustainerofAmericanlife

B、TVasthemajortransmitterofculture

C、theeducationaleffectofTVonsociety

D、thestronginfluenceandthepoorqualityofAmericanTV

标准答案：D

知识点解析：由第二段第一句“…becomeanimportantpartofmostpeople'slives.”

和最后一句“…thepoorqualityofprogrammingdoesnotelevate（提高）peopleinto

greaterunderstanding,butrathermaintainsandencouragesthelifeasitexists.''可知

与D一致。

8、Intheauthor'sviewAmericanTVshould.

A^becriticalbutentertaining

B、becreativeandeducational

C、changewiththedevelopmentofsociety

D、attractasmanyviewersaspossible

标准答案：B

知识点解析：从文章第三段的末尾“Advertiserswanttoattractthelargestviewing

audiencepossible,todosorequiresthattheprogramsbeentertainingratherthan

educational,attractiveratherthanchallenging.”可以读出作者的态度，作者认为广

告商只是想吸引大多数观众，因此节目更多地表现为娱乐性而不是教育性，吸引性

而不是挑战性。因此作者的态度是想让节目更具教育性和创新性。

9、TheauthorbelievesthattelevisionintheUnitedStateshasbecomeimportanttomost

peoplebecause.

A、itpromotesfamilyunity

B、ithelpsthemdeveloptheirspeakingability

C、itaffectstheirlifeinmanyways

D、itchallengessociety

标准答案；C

知识点解析:从第二段第一、二句"Television,althoughnotessential,hasbecome

animportantpartofmostpeople'slives.Italterspeople'swaysofseeingtheworld：in

manyways,itsupportsandsustainsmodernlife.”可知电视已成为人们生活中的一

个重要部分。故选C。

10、Theauthor'sattitudetowardsAmericantelevisionis.

A、critical

B、praising

C、doubtful

D、sympathetic

标准答案：A

知识点解析：从全文来看，作者提出了美国电视节目存在的问题，而文章中最后一

句话“Thehopefbrfurtherdevelopmentandtrueachievementtowardimprovingsociety

willrequireachangeintheentiresystem.”也表明了作者的态度。故选A。

Theseaisthecommonpropertyofallnations.Itbelongsequallytoall.Nonecan

appropriateitexclusivelytothemselves;norisit"foreign"toany.Thiswasthedecision

ofJohnMarshall,chiefjusticeoftheUnitedStatesfrom1801to1835.Itwasstatedasa

fundamentalruleoftheseathatnoone,andthereforeeveryone,ownstheocean.This

meansthatoutsideterritorialwaters(thewaterswithinthreemilesofacountry'scoast),

thelawiswhatevernationsagreeoninpeacetimeandwhateverthestrongestnaval

powerscanenforceinwartime.AftertheUnitedStatespurchasedAlaska,Americans

begantoseizeCanadianswhowerehuntingsealsoutsideAlaskanterritorialwaters.The

AmericansclaimedthatthesealswereAmericanpropertybecausetheyoftencameinto

theAlaskanshoresownedbytheUnitedStates.Internationalarbitratorsdisagreedwith

thisreasoning.Insomecases,however,thespecialrightsofanationthatmakesuseofan

open-seaareaarerecognized.Allofthesea'srulesoftheroadareestablishedby

internationalconferencesandtreaties.

11、Thefundamentalruleoftheseameansthat.

A、theseashouldbeequallydividedamongallthenationsintheworld

anyareaoftheseabelongstothenationclosesttoit

C^nonationhasanysearights

D、nonationhasexclusiverighttotheopensea

标准答案:D

知识点解析：由文章第一段第二、三句"Itbelongsequallytoall.Nonecan

appropriateitexclusivelytothemselves；norisit'fbreign'toany.”和第二段第三句"It

wasstatedasafundamentalruleoftheseathatnoone,andthereforeeveryone,ov/ns

theocean.”可知D项正确。

12、TheAmericans'claimtothesealswasbasedon.

A、theideathatthesealscomingtoAmericanshoreswereAmericanproperty

B、theideathattheywereinternationalarbitrators

C、thefactthattheUnitedStaleshadpurchasedallthewatersofAlaska

D^thefactthattheUnitedStateshadspecialrightsforopen-seaareas

标准答案：A

知识点解析：从第三段第二句"TheAmericansclaimedthatthesealswereAmerican

propertybecausetheyoftencameintotheAlaskanshoresownedbytheUnitedStates.'

可知A正确。

13、Internationalarbitratorsdecidedthat.

A^CanadahadnorighttohuntsealsofAlaska

B、theCanadianscouldhuntthesealsoutsideAlaskanterritorialwaters

C、theUnitedStatescouldclaimthesealsasitsproperty

D、theAmericanscouldnothunttheseals

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章第三段倒数第二句提到“Internationalarbitratorsdisagreedwi止Ihis

reasoning.”其中“this”指的是前面一句美国的声明。四个选项中只有B项较为符合

本句隐含意思，故选Be

14、Inpeacetime,nationsmayacquirespecialrightsonopenwatersby.

A^anagreementwiththestrongestnavalpowers

BNthedecisionsofinternationalarbitrators

C、internationalagreements

D、negotiationswiththosewhoowntheareas

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第二段结尾提到“…thelawiswhatevernationsagreeonin

peacetimeandwhateverthestrongestnavalpowerscanenforceinwartime.”其中agree

on与C一致。

15、Themainideaofthispassageisthat.

A、thelawoftheseawasstatedbyJohnMarshall

B、somenationsareabletoacquirespecialopensearights

C、everynationownsitsterritorialwaters

D、thelawsoftheseaareestablishedbyinternationalagreement

标准答案：D「

知识点解析：根据全文的讲述以及最后一句"Allofthesea'srulesoftheroadare

establishedbyinternationalconferencesandtreaties.”可知D为正确答案。

Whatisyourfavoritecolor?Doyoulikeyellow,orange,red?Ifyoudo,youmustbean

optimist,aleader,anactivepersonwhoenjoyslife,peopleandexcitement.Doyouprefer

graysandblues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shy,andyouwouldratherfollowthan

lead.Youtendtobeapessimist（悲观主义者）.Thisiswhatpsychologiststellus.They

tellus,amongotherfacts,thatwedon'tchooseourfavoritecoloraswegrowup—weare

bornwithourpreference.Ifyouhappentolovebrown,youdidsoassoonasyouopened

youreyes,oratleastassoonasyoucouldseeclearly.Colorsdoinfluenceourmoods;

thereisnodoubtaboutit.Ayellowroommakesmostpeoplefeelmorecheerfuland

morerelaxedthanadarkgreenone.Ontheotherhand,blackisdepressing.Ablack

bridgeovertheThamesRiver,nearLondon,usedtobethesceneofmoresuicidesthan

anyotherbridgeinthearea-untilitwasrepaintedgreen.Thenumberofsuicide

attemptsimmediatelyfellsharply;perhapsitwouldhavefallenevenmoreifthebridge

hadbeendoneinpinkorbabyblue.Weoftenassociateaparticularcolorwithapieceof

music,abook,aplay,aperson,anumber,oraletter.Doesn't3lookredand4yellow?At

thebeginningofthiscenturyaFrenchpoetwrotethatforhimtheletterAwasalways

black;Ewaswhite,Ired,0blue,andUgreen.Forsomeoneelse,Umightbedeeppurple

oilemonyellow.Atragic（悲观的）storymakesyouthinkofblack,red,andgold,while

lovestoriesvaryfromredtopink—ormaybelightblue?Andwhydidtheblack

Americancomposersofsadjazzmusiccallthesongs"blues'1?Remember,then,thatif

youfeellow,youcanalwaysbrightenyourday-oryourlife—withanewshirtorafew

cansofpaint.Anddon'tforgetthatanyonecanguessalotaboutyourpersonalitywhen

youchooseapairofsocksoralampshade.

16、Apersonwhoprefersgraysandbluesislikelytobe.

A、aleader

B、anoptimist

C、afollower

D、apsychologist

标准答案：C

知识点解析：从第一段第四、五句中"Doyouprefergraysandblues?Thenyouare

probablyquiet,shy,andyouwouldratherfollowthanlead.”可知C是正确答案。

17、Thenumberofsuicideattemptsfellsharplyafter.

A^thebridgeovertheThamesRiverwasrepaintedpink

B、thebridgeovertheThamesRiverwasrepaintedgreen

C、thebridgeovertheThamesRiverhadbeenrepaintedbabyblue

D、thebridgeovertheThamesRiverhadbeenrepaintedblack

标准答案：B

知识点解析：从第二段第四、五句"AblackbridgeovertheThamesRiver,near

London,usedtobethesceneofmoresuicidesthananyotherbridgeinthearea-----until

itwasrepaintedgreen.Thenumberofsuicideattemptsimmediatelyfellsharply…''可知

B正确。

18、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEabouttheFrenchpoetmentionedinthe

abovepassage?

A、HealwayswrotetheletterAinblack.

B、Iamredhewrote.

C^HewroteforhimselfthattheletterUwasalwaysgreen.

D、HesaidthattheletterAalwayssuggesteddepressiontohim.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：从第二段第三句"Ontheotherhand,blackisdepressing.”和第三段第

三句"AtthebeginningofthiscenturyaFrenchpoetwrotethatforhimtheletterAwas

alwaysblack…''可推断出D正确。

19、Thesongsofthesadjazzmusicgetthename"blues"because.

A、theblackpeoplearesad

thebluecolorremindsonesadness

C、theblackpeoplelikethesongs

D、thebluecolorissad

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据第三段最后一句"AndwhydidtheblackAmericancomposersofsad

jazzmusiccallthesongs'blues”'中的sad可知正确答案为B。

20、Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkmaybestserveasthetitleofthispassage?

ANHOWColorInfluencesMood

B>TheDifferenceBetweenColorandMood

C^Mood'sInfluenceonColor

D^Color'sInfluenceonMood

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章一直在强调颜色影响心情，第二段首句即是文章的中心。故选

Do

Thereisn'tanyquestionaboutWashington'sgreatness.Ifhisadministrationhadbeena

failure,therewouldhavebeennoUnitedStates.Hehadallthebackgroundthatcaused

himtoknowhowtomakeitwork,becausehehadworkedundertheContinental

Congress.SomePresidentshavelimitedtheirrolestobeingadministratorsofthelaws

withoutbeingleaders.ButWashingtonwasbothagreatadministratorandagreatleader.

Iguessinfact,thattheonlyanti-WashingtonthingIcansayisthathemadeamistake

whenheestablishedtheprecedentofthetwo-termPresidentandeventherehehada

goodpersonalreasonforwantingthat,atleastforhimself.Hewasattackedviciouslyby

thepressofhisday;hewascalledsomanyterriblethingsthathetoldfriendsevenduring

hisfirsttermthathewasn'tgoingtorunagain.ButThomasJeffersonandJamesMadison

andAlexanderHamiltonpersuadedhimtogoaheadandserveasecondtermandfinally

hedid.Afterhe'dgottenthroughhissecondterm,though,hemadeuphismindthathe

justwouldn'ttakeitanymore,andhequit.

21Basicallytheauthor'sopinionofWashingtonis.

praiseful

B、derogatory

C^critical

D、negative

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章第一段着重介绍了华盛顿的巨大贡献，由第二句"Ifhis

administrationhadbeenafailure,therewouldhavebeennoUnitedStates”和最后一句

“ButWashingtonwasbothagreatadministratorandagreatleader.知作者对华盛

顿是持赞扬态度的。故选A。

22、Washington'sadministrationhadbeena.

A、failure

success

C、goodexamplefollowedbyotherpresidents

D、miracle

标准答案：B

知识点解析：从第一段的第二句中“Ifhisadministrationhadbeenafailure,there

wouldhavebeennoUnitedStates.”可推理出华盛顿的行政管理是成功的。

23、Washington'sgreatnessshoweditselfinthat.

A>WashingtonworkedundertheContinentalCongress

B、Washingtonlimitedhisroletobeingadministratorsofthelaws

C、Washingtonwasbothagreatadministratorandagreatleader

D、Washingtonestablishedtheprecedentofthetwo-tennPresidency

标准答案：C

知识点解析：从第一段最后一句"ButWashingtonwasbothagreatadministratoranda

greatleader.”可知C对。

24、Whal'stheauthor'sattitudetowardWashington'stwo-termPresidency?

A^HethinksWashingtonmadeamistakebydoingso.

B、HethinksthatWashingtonhadagoodpersonalreasonfordoingso.

C、HethinksthatWashingtonwastooselfishindoingso.

D、BothAandB.

标准答案：D

知识点解析:从第二段第一句“…thattheonlyanti—WashingtonthingIcansayisthat

hemadeamistakewhenheestablishedtheprecedentofthetwo-termPresidentandeven

therehehadagoodpersonalreasonforwantingthat,atleastforhimself.“可知A、B

都正确，故正确答案为D。

25、WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?

A、Washingtonwasverypopularwiththepressofhisday.

Washingtonwaspersuadedtoservethesecondterm.

C>WashingtoncontributedmuchtotheestablishmentoftheUnitedStates.

D、Washington'sgreatnessisundoubted.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：从第二段第二句可知“Hewasattackedviciouslybythepressofhis

day…在这里"beattackedviciously”与选项A中的“popular”不相符，故选A。

专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷第2套

一、阅读理解（本题共25题，每题1.0分，共25分。）

Everyartistknowsinhisheartthatheissayingsomethingtothepublic.Notonlydoeshe

wanttosayitwell,buthewantsittobesomethingwhichhasnotbeensaidbefore.He

hopesthepublicwilllistenandunderstand-hewantstoteachthem,andhewantsthem

tolearnfromhim.Whatvisualartistslikepainterswanttoteachiseasytomakeoutbut

difficulttoexplain,becausepainterstranslatetheirexperiencesintoshapesandcolors,

notwords.Theyseemtofeelthatacertainselectionofshapesandcolors,outofthe

countlessbillionspossible,isexceptionallyinterestingforthemandworthshowingtous.

Withouttheirworkweshouldneverhavenoticedtheseparticularshapesandcolors,or

havefeltthedelightwhichtheybroughttotheartist.Mostartiststaketheirshapesand

colorsfromtheworldofnatureandfromhumanbodiesinmotionandrepose;their

choicesindicatethattheseaspectsoftheworldareworthlookingat,thattheycontain

beautifulsights.Contemporaryartistsmightsaythattheymerelychoosesubjectsthat

provideaninterestingpattern,thatthereisnothingmoreinit.Yeteventheydonot

chooseentirelywithoutreferencetothecharacteroftheirsubjects.Ifonepainterchooses

topaintagangrenouslegandanotheralakeinmoonlight.Eachofthemisdirectingour

attentiontoacertainaspectoftheworld,eachpainteristellingussomething,showingus

something,emphasizingsomething—allofwhichmeansthat,consciouslyor

unconsciously,heistryingtoteachus.

1、Itishardtoexplainwhatapainterissaying,because.

A、mostpaintersdonotexpressthemselveswell

B、apainterusesunusualwordsandphrases

C、apainterusesshapesandcolorsinsteadofwords

D^manypaintersdonotsayanything

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第二段Whatvisualartistslikepainterswanttoteachiseasytomake

outbutdifficulttoexplain,becausepainterstranslate:heirexperiencesintoshapesand

colors,notwords.故C对。

2、Withouttheartist'sworkthepublicmightnot.

A、noticeparticularshapesorcolors

B、sectheshapesandcolorsthatexpresshisexperiences

C、feelhisdelightinshapesandcolors

D、alloftheabove

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章第二段结尾Withouttheirworkweshouldneverhavenoticedthese

particularshapesandcolors,orhavefeltthedelightwhichtheybroughttotheartist.故

D对。

3、Anartisfschoiceofshapesandcolorsindicatesthathebelievesthemtobe

A、meaningfulinthemselves

B、merelybeautiful

C、areflectionofhisexperiences

D^worthlookingat

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章第三段iheirchoicesindicatethattheseaspectsoftheworldare

worthlookingat,thattheycontainbeautifulsights.故D对。

4、Comparedwithapainterofunpleasantsubjects,apainterwhodrawsalakein

moonlightis.

A^conveyingmoremeaning

B、pointingoutdifferentthings

C、moreskilled

D^communicatingless

标准答案：B

知识点解析：从文章第四段eachofthemisdirectingourattentiontoacertainaspectof

theworld可知，无论描绘什么样的景致，都是为了引起我们对世界不同角度的关

注。

5、Impliedbutnotslated;.

A^Apaintingismoreeasilyunderstoodthanasymphony

B、Artismerelythearrangingofshapeandcolor

C、Everyartisttriestosaysomethingtothepublic

D^Onemustlookbeyondshapeandcolortofindwhattheartistissaying

标准答案：D

知识点解析：从文章第四段结尾Eachofthemisdirectingourattentiontoacertain

aspectoftheworld,eachpainteristellingussomething,showingussomething,

emphasizingsomething------allofwhichmeansthat,consciouslyorunconsciously,he

istryingtoteachus.可知D正确。

AlthoughtheUnitedStatescherishesthetraditionthatitisanationofsmalltownsand

wideopenspaces,onlyoneineveryeightAmericansnowlivesonafarm.Therecent

populationtrendhasbeenadoubleone,towardbothurbanizationandsuburbanization.

Metropolitanareashadgrownexplosivelyinthepastdecade,andnearlyhalfthisincrease

hasbeeninthesuburbs.Withtherapidgrowthofcitieshascomeequallyrapid

decentralization.TheflightofAmericansfromthecentralcitytothesuburbsconstituted

oneofthegreatestmigrationsofmodemtimes;quietresidentialsectionsoutsidecities

havebecomeconglomerationsofstreets,split-levelhouses,andshoppingcenters.This

spurtofsuburbanexpansion,however,doesnotalterthebasicfactthattheUnitedStates

hasbecomeoneofthemosturbannationsonthefaceoftheearth.Census（人口调查）

Bureaufiguresshowthattheruralpopulationhasbeenshrinkingsteadilysince1830.

WhentheUnitedStatesbecameanationithadnolargecitiesatall;todaysomefifty

citieshavepopulationsofmorethan258,000.Mammothcomplexesofcitiesare

developingintheareaoftheEastCoastandtheeastnorth-centralstates,onthePacific

andGulfcoasts,andneartheshoresoftheGreatLakes.Somesociologistsnowregard

theentire600-milestretchbetweenBostonandWashington,D.C.一anareaholdinga

fifthofthecountry'spopulation-asonevastcityor,astheycallit,megalopolis.

6、AtraditionalAmericanbeliefisthat.

A、fewpeopleliveonfarms

B、thenationconsistsmainlyofsmalltownsandwideopenspaces

C^thepopulationisthegreatestintheworld

D、theUnitedStatesisanationofbigcities

标准答案：B

知识点解析：从文章第一句话AlthoughtheUnitedSlatescherishesthetraditionthatit

isanationofsmalltownsandwideopenspaces...,可知B正确。

7、Theselectionsaysthattrendsaretowardthe.

A^growthofcitiesandshrinkingofsuburbanareas

B、growthofbothruralandsuburbanareas

C、shrinkingofurbanandsuburbanareas

D^growthofurbanandsuburbanareas

标准答案：D

知识点解析：AL文章第——段Therecentpopulationtrendhasbeenadoubleone,

towardbothurbanizationandsuburbanization.可知D正确。

8、Nearlyhalftheincreaseinmetropolitanpopulationisaccountedforbythe

A、growthofsmalltowns

B、migrationtofarmareas

C、growthofthesuburbs

D^expansionofexistingurbanareas

标准答案：C

知识点解析：从文章第一段Metropolitanareashadgrownexplosivelyinihepast

decade,andnearlyhalfthisincreasehasbeeninthesuburbs.可知C正确。

9、Theauthorimpliesthatthemodemsuburbis.

A、quietandresidential

veryruralincharacter

C、contusedandovergrown

D、muchlikeasmalltown

标准答案：C

知识点解析：从文章第一段最后一句，TheflightofAmericansfromthecentralcity

tothesuburbsconstitutedoneofthegreatestmigrationsofmoderntimes；quiet

residentialsectionsoutsidecitieshavebecomeconglomerations（密集）ofstreets,split一

levelhouses,andshoppingcenters.可知现代的郊区变得街道密集,成为了购物中

心，可推知很混乱很拥疥，故C正确。

10,Megalopolisisthesociologist'snamefora.

A^suburbanareaaroundacity

largecityanditssuburbs

C^groupoftownsorganizedasacity

D^groupofcitiesblendingtoformonehugecity

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章第二段末尾Somesociologistsnowregardtheentire600一mile

stretchbetweenBostonandWashington.D.C.------anareaholdingafifthofthe

country^population------asonevastcityor,astheycallit,megalopolis.关键是读出

onevastcity即是megalopolis0

Amtrak（美国铁路客运公司）wasexperiencingadownswinginridership（客运量）along

thelinescomprisingitsrailsystem.OfmajorconcerntoAmtrakanditsadvertising

agencyDDBNeedham,werethelong-distancewesternrouteswhereridershiphadbeen

decliningsignificantly.Atonetime,trainsweretheonlypracticalwaytocrossthevast

areasofthewest.Trainswerefast,veryluxurious,andquiteconvenientcomparedto

otherformsoftransportationexistingatthetime.However,timeschangeandthe

automobilebecameAmerica'sstandardofconvenience.Also,airtravelhadeasily

establisheditselfasthefastestmethodoftravelinggreatdistances.Therefore,thetaskfor

DDBNeedhamwastoencourageconsumerstoconsiderotheraspectsoftraintravelin

ordertochangetheirattitudesandincreasethelikelihoodthattrainswouldbeconsidered

fortravelinthewest.Twoportionsofthetotalmarketweretargeted:I）anxiousfliers一

thoseconcernedwithsafety,relaxation,andcleanlinessand2）travel-lovers—those

viewingthemselvesasrelaxed,casual,andinterestedinthetravelexperienceaspartof

theirvacation.Theagencythendevelopedacampaignthatfocusedontravelexperiences

suchasfreedom,escape,relaxation,andenjoymentofthegreatwesternoutdoors.It

stressedexperiencesgainedbyusingthetrainsandportrayedwesterntraintripsas

wonderfuladventures.Advertisementsshowedpicturesofthebeautifulscenerythat

couldbeenjoyedalongsomeofthemorefamouswesternroutesandemphasizedthe

romanticnamesofsomeofthesetrains(EmpireBuilder,etc.).Theseadswere

strategicallyplacedamongfamily-orientedTVshowsandprogramsinvolvingnatureand

Americainordertomosteffectivelyreachtargetaudiences.Resultswereimpressive.The

EmpireBuilder,whichwasfocusedoninonead,enjoyeda15percentincreaseinprofits

onitsChicagotoSeattleroute.

11、What'stheauthor'spurposei