国开2024年理工英语2形成性考核册答案

国开2024年理工英语2形成性考核册答案一、交际用语（每题2分，共10分）（一）选择正确的选项完成对话1.I'mreallysorrytohavebrokenyourcoffeecup.__________A.Goodidea.B.That'sallright.C.Idon'tthinkso.答案：B。对方因打破咖啡杯而道歉，B选项"没关系"符合语境，A选项"好主意"和C选项"我不这么认为"均不合适。2.Canyoutellmehowtousethisnewsoftware?__________A.Sure.It'squiteeasy.B.No,thanks.C.I'mgladyoulikeit.答案：A。问题是询问如何使用新软件，A选项"当然。很简单"能很好地回应，B选项"不，谢谢"和C选项"我很高兴你喜欢它"不符合语境。3.What'sthematterwithyou?__________A.Itdoesn'tmatter.B.Nottoobad.C.Ifeelabitsick.答案：C。问句问怎么了，C选项"我感觉有点不舒服"能回答问题，A选项"没关系"和B选项"还不错"与问题不相关。4.Wouldyouliketogototheconcertwithmetonight?__________ButIhavetofinishmyreport.A.I'dloveto.B.That'sright.C.Mypleasure.答案：A。对于对方邀请去音乐会，A选项"我很想去"符合，后面提到要完成报告只是说明不能去的原因，B选项"那是对的"和C选项"我的荣幸"不合适。5.Howaboutgoingforawalkafterdinner?__________A.It'sgoodforyou.B.Thatsoundsgreat.C.Youarewee.答案：B。提议饭后散步，B选项"听起来很棒"表示赞同，A选项"这对你有好处"和C选项"不客气"不符合语境。

二、词汇与结构（每题2分，共30分）（一）选择正确的选项1.Thenewtechnologyhas__________thewaywelive.A.affectedB.effectedC.effort答案：A。affect是动词，意为"影响"；effect作名词时意为"影响"等，作动词意为"实现"等；effort是名词，意为"努力"。这里需要动词表示新技术影响了我们的生活方式，所以选A。2.Weneedto__________theproblembeforeitgetsworse.A.dealwithB.dowithC.handlewith答案：A。dealwith和dowith都有"处理"的意思，但dealwith常与how搭配，dowith常与what搭配；handle本身就是"处理"的意思，不需要加with，所以选A。3.Theexperiment__________at3o'clockyesterdayafternoon.A.wasbeingcarriedoutB.isbeingcarriedoutC.hasbeencarriedout答案：A。根据时间状语yesterdayafternoon可知用过去进行时，且实验是被进行，要用被动语态，所以选A。4.He__________toBeijingseveraltimes.A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.went答案：A。hasbeento表示"去过（已回来）"，hasgoneto表示"去了（还没回来）"，这里说去过北京几次，用hasbeento，选A。5.I'mlookingforwardto__________you.A.hearfromB.hearingfromC.hearof答案：B。lookforwardtodoingsth.是固定用法，意为"期待做某事"，hearfrom意为"收到......的来信"，hearof意为"听说"，所以选B。6.Thebookis__________moreinterestingthanthatone.A.veryB.quiteC.much答案：C。much可以修饰比较级，表示"......得多"，very和quite不能修饰比较级，所以选C。7.Weshould__________theenvironment.A.protectB.preventC.protest答案：A。protect意为"保护"，prevent意为"阻止"，protest意为"抗议"，这里说保护环境，选A。8.She__________Englishforfiveyears.A.haslearnedB.learnedC.hadlearned答案：A。forfiveyears表示一段时间，用现在完成时，选A。9.Themovieisso__________thatIwanttoseeitagain.A.excitingB.excitedC.excite答案：A。exciting常用来形容事物"令人兴奋的"，excited常用来形容人"感到兴奋的"，这里形容电影用exciting，选A。10.Idon'tknow__________todonext.A.whatB.howC.which答案：A。这里缺少do的宾语，用what，意为"我不知道接下来做什么"，how表示方式，which表示"哪一个"，均不合适，选A。11.Theywillgototheparkifit__________tomorrow.A.doesn'trainB.won'trainC.isn'training答案：A。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循"主将从现"原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，所以选A。12.Thisistheman__________helpedme.A.whoB.whichC.what答案：A。先行词是theman，指人，在定语从句中作主语，用who引导，选A。13.Theputerisveryusefulinour__________life.A.everydayB.everydayC.everydays答案：B。everyday是形容词，意为"日常的"，everyday是副词短语，意为"每天"，这里用everyday修饰life，选B。14.Hemadea__________mistake.A.careB.carefulC.careless答案：C。根据语境可知是犯了一个粗心的错误，careless意为"粗心的"，care是名词"关心"或动词"关心"，careful意为"细心的"，选C。15.We__________apartylastnight.A.hadB.haveC.willhave答案：A。根据时间状语lastnight可知用一般过去时，选A。

（二）用所给词的适当形式填空1.I(work)__________inthispanyforthreeyears.答案：haveworked。forthreeyears表示一段时间，用现在完成时，结构是have/has+过去分词，主语是I，用haveworked。2.She(go)__________tothelibraryjustnow.答案：went。justnow表示过去的时间，用一般过去时，go的过去式是went。3.They(play)__________footballwhenitstartedtorain.答案：wereplaying。when引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，表示过去某个动作正在进行时另一个动作发生了，结构是was/were+现在分词，主语是They，用wereplaying。4.Thebook(write)__________byLuXunisveryinteresting.答案：written。过去分词短语writtenbyLuXun作后置定语，修饰thebook，表示"被鲁迅写的书"。5.Weshouldtry(solve)__________theproblemassoonaspossible.答案：tosolve。trytodosth.意为"尽力做某事"，所以用tosolve。

三、阅读理解（每题2分，共30分）（一）阅读下列短文，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个正确答案Passage1TheInternethasbeanimportantpartofourdailylife.Ithaschangedthewaywemunicate,work,andplay.WiththeInternet,wecansendemails,chatwithfriends,andshoponline.Wecanalsofindinformationonalmostanytopic.

However,theInternetalsohassomeproblems.Forexample,thereisalotoffalseinformationontheInternet.SomepeopleusetheInternettospreadvirusesortomitcrimes.Inaddition,spendingtoomuchtimeontheInternetcanbeharmfultoourhealth.Itcancauseeyeproblemsandneckpain.

WeshouldusetheInternetcarefully.Weshouldmakesurethattheinformationwegetistrue.WeshouldalsolimitourtimeontheInternetanddosomeotheractivities,suchassportsandreading.1.WhathastheInternetchanged?A.Thewaywelive.B.Thewayweeat.C.Thewaywesleep.答案：A。根据第一段第二句Ithaschangedthewaywemunicate,work,andplay.可知互联网改变了我们的生活方式，包括交流、工作和娱乐等方面，所以选A。2.WhatcanwedowiththeInternet?A.Onlysendemails.B.Domanythings.C.Onlychatwithfriends.答案：B。根据第一段第三句WiththeInternet,wecansendemails,chatwithfriends,andshoponline.Wecanalsofindinformationonalmostanytopic.可知我们可以用互联网做很多事情，如发邮件、聊天、购物、查找信息等，所以选B。3.WhataretheproblemsoftheInternet?A.Thereisnofalseinformation.B.It'sverysafe.C.Thereisfalseinformationanditcanbeharmfultohealth.答案：C。根据第二段内容可知互联网的问题有虚假信息以及花太多时间上网对健康有害，所以选C。4.WhatshouldwedowiththeInternet?A.Useitcarelessly.B.Makesuretheinformationistrueandlimitourtime.C.Spendallourtimeonit.答案：B。根据第三段内容WeshouldusetheInternetcarefully.Weshouldmakesurethattheinformationwegetistrue.WeshouldalsolimitourtimeontheInternetanddosomeotheractivities可知我们应该谨慎使用互联网，确保信息真实并限制上网时间，所以选B。5.WhatotheractivitiesshouldwedobesidesusingtheInternet?A.WatchingTV.B.Playinggames.C.Sportsandreading.答案：C。根据第三段最后一句WeshouldalsolimitourtimeontheInternetanddosomeotheractivities,suchassportsandreading.可知除了上网，我们还应该进行体育和阅读等活动，所以选C。

Passage2Scientistshavebeenworkinghardtodevelopnewtechnologies.Oneofthemostimportantareasisrenewableenergy.Renewableenergysources,suchassolar,wind,andhydropower,arecleanandsustainable.

Solarenergyisenergyfromthesun.Wecanusesolarpanelstoconvertsunlightintoelectricity.Solarpowerisbingmoreandmorepopularbecauseitisabundantandfree.

Windenergyisenergyfromthewind.Windturbinescanbeusedtogenerateelectricity.Windpowerisalsoacleanandrenewableenergysource.However,windturbinesneedalotofspaceandthewindmustbestrongenough.

Hydropowerisenergyfromflowingwater.Damscanbebuilttogenerateelectricityfromwater.Hydropowerisareliablerenewableenergysource,butitcanalsohaveanimpactontheenvironment.1.Whatisoneofthemostimportantareasofnewtechnologies?A.Nonrenewableenergy.B.Renewableenergy.C.Fossilfuels.答案：B。根据第一段第二句Oneofthemostimportantareasisrenewableenergy.可知最重要的新技术领域之一是可再生能源，所以选B。2.Whatarerenewableenergysources?A.Solar,wind,andhydropower.B.Coalandoil.C.Naturalgas.答案：A。根据第一段第三句Renewableenergysources,suchassolar,wind,andhydropower,arecleanandsustainable.可知太阳能、风能和水能是可再生能源，所以选A。3.Howcanweconvertsunlightintoelectricity?A.Usewindturbines.B.Builddams.C.Usesolarpanels.答案：C。根据第二段第二句Wecanusesolarpanelstoconvertsunlightintoelectricity.可知我们可以用太阳能板将阳光转化为电能，所以选C。4.Whataretheadvantagesofwindenergy?A.Itisabundantandfree.B.Itiscleanandrenewable.C.Itdoesn'tneedspace.答案：B。根据第三段内容Windenergyisenergyfromthewind.Windturbinescanbeusedtogenerateelectricity.Windpowerisalsoacleanandrenewableenergysource.可知风能的优点是清洁和可再生，所以选B。5.Whatistheimpactofhydropowerontheenvironment?A.Ithasnoimpact.B.Itcanhaveanimpact.C.Itisverygoodfortheenvironment.答案：B。根据最后一段最后一句Hydropowerisareliablerenewableenergysource,butitcanalsohaveanimpactontheenvironment.可知水能对环境有影响，所以选B。

Passage3Anewstudyshowsthatsittingforlongperiodsoftimeisbadforourhealth.Evenifweexerciseregularly,sittingfortoolongcanstillcauseproblems.

Sittingforlongperiodsoftimecanincreasetheriskofheartdisease,diabetes,andsomecancers.Itcanalsocausebackpainandneckpain.

Expertssuggestthatweshouldtakebreaksevery30minutesifwehavetositforalongtime.Weshouldalsotrytostandupandmovearoundmore.Standingdesksarebingmorepopular,andsomepeopleevenwalkwhiletheywork.1.Whatisbadforourhealthaccordingtothenewstudy?A.Exercisingregularly.B.Sittingforlongperiodsoftime.C.Standingupoften.答案：B。根据第一段第一句Anewstudyshowsthatsittingforlongperiodsoftimeisbadforourhealth.可知长时间坐着对我们的健康有害，所以选B。2.Whatproblemscansittingforlongcause?A.Heartdisease,diabetes,andsomecancers.B.Onlybackpain.C.Onlyneckpain.答案：A。根据第二段内容Sittingforlongperiodsoftimecanincreasetheriskofheartdisease,diabetes,andsomecancers.Itcanalsocausebackpainandneckpain.可知长时间坐着会增加患心脏病、糖尿病和某些癌症的风险，还会导致背痛和脖子痛，所以选A。3.Whatshouldwedoifwehavetositforalongtime?A.Takebreaksevery30minutes.B.Neverstandup.C.Sitwithoutmoving.答案：A。根据第三段第一句Expertssuggestthatweshouldtakebreaksevery30minutesifwehavetositforalongtime.可知如果我们不得不长时间坐着，应该每30分钟休息一下，所以选A。4.Whatarebingmorepopular?A.Sittingdesks.B.Standingdesks.C.Movingdesks.答案：B。根据第三段第三句Standingdesksarebingmorepopular可知站立式办公桌越来越受欢迎，所以选B。5.Whatdosomepeopledowhiletheywork?A.Sleep.B.Walk.C.Sitstill.答案：B。根据第三段最后一句somepeopleevenwalkwhiletheywork.可知有些人甚至在工作时走路，所以选B。

（二）根据短文内容判断下列句子的正误，正确的写"T"，错误的写"F"Passage4Inthepast,peopleusedtotraveltoforeigncountriesbecausetheythoughttheywouldbedifferentfromhomethebuilding,thefood,thenationaldress.Nowadays,however,onelargecityisverylikeanother.TheyallhavetheirHiltonorSheratonHotelswhichlooklikeHiltonorSheratonHotelseverywhere.TheyallhavetheirMcDonald's,theirKFCsandtheirPizzaHuts.Officebuildingslookthesameeverywhere,andmostcitycentersarefullofofficebuildings.And,ofcourse,peoplearedrivingthesamebrandsofJapaneseorEuropeancars,usuallywearingthesamekindsofclothingandwatchingthesameAmericanmoviesandTVshows.Airportsarethesameeverywhereandtheworld'sairlinesareallflyingthesameaircraft,BoeingsorAirbuses.

What,therefore,isthepurposeofforeigntravelforpeoplewhoarenotonbusiness?Whatdotouristshopetoexperienceinaforeigncountrythattheycannotexperienceathome?Whytraveltoforeigncountriesatall?Theanswercouldbethatpeopleareveryinterestedinthepast.Itisanation'shistoryandculturethatarethemainattractions.Mostpeopletraveloverseastofindoutwhatforeigncountries'historyandculturesusedtobelike,notwhattheyareliketoday.