黑龙江省鹤岗市名校2022-2023学年高一下学期5月期中考试英语试卷（含答案）

黑龙江省鹤岗市名校2022-2023学年高一下学期5月期中考试英语试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五六七总分评分一、阅读（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ThisGeniusDeviceMakesNoLanguage"Foreign"AnymoreWhatIsNativoPro?NativoProisaJapanesehigh-techinventionthatistakingtheworldbystorm.Itletsyoucommunicateinmorethan40languages.Thedevicethatwaspreviouslyusedbygovernmentsandlargecorporationsonlyisnowavailabletoyou.Youcanuseitwhentravelling,forbusinessmeetingsorwheneveryouwishtosaysomethinginadifferentlanguage.HowDoesItHelpYou?Choosethelanguageinwhichyouwanttocommunicatebeforeyoupressthe"A"buttonandstarttalking.Thenreleasethe"A"buttonandyourtranslatorwillautomaticallytranslateyourspeechintoaselectedforeignlanguage.Pressbutton"B"andletyourforeignfriendspeak.Thenreleasethe"B"buttonandyourdevicewillautomaticallytranslatehisspeechbackintoyournativelanguage.WhatMakesItSoSpecial?♦Portabledesignfitseasilyinyourpocket.♦Itsupportsreal-timetranslationandtexttranslationisalsoavailable♦Itprovidesfastandaccuratetwo-waycommunicationinover40languages.♦Withsoundloudenough,itiscomfortabletouseincrowdedplacesandhearclearly.HowCanIBuyTheNativoPro?OrdertheNativoProtranslatorfromitsofficialwebsite.Theregularpriceis$200each.Rightnow,youcangeta40%discountoffthat.1．Whatshouldyoudoatfirstwhenusingthedevice?A．Selectaforeignlanguage. B．TalkinyourownlanguageC．Pressandholdthe"A"button. D．Recordwhattheforeignersays2．Whichcanbestdescribethedevice?A．ItisweightybuteasytouseB．Itneedsuserstospeakloudly.C．Itoffersinstanttwo-waytranslation.D．Itissuitableforreadingpractice.3．Howmuchwillyoupayifyoubuytwonow?A．$160. B．$200. C．$240. D．$400.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。BeforeSteveJobsco-foundedApple,therewerenoiPhonesoriPads.Jobschangedthewaywethinkaboutmanythings,includingtelephones,computers,andbooks.BecauseofJobs,sayshisbiographer(传记作者)WalterIsaacson,entireindustrieslikemusicandpublishinghavechangedcompletely.IrecentlytalkedwithIsaacsoninNewYorkCityabouthisnewbest-seller,TheInnovators:HowaGroupofHackers,Geniuses,andGeeksCreatedtheDigitalRevolution,inwhichhetellshundredsofstoriesofthepeoplewhocreatedthecomputerandtheInternet.Iaskedwhatqualitiesstoodoutintheinnovatorshestudied."Theyreallycareaboutbothartandscience,"Isaacsonsaid."Theyreallybelieveit'simportanttoconnectthehumanitiestotechnologyandengineering."Forkidswhowanttobecometomorrow'sinnovators,hesaid,"Ifyou'resuchaperson--verycreativeandloveart,youshouldnotshyawayfromalsolearningmathandlearningcoding(编码).Ifyou'reanengineer,youshouldlearntoreadpoetry.""Everygreatinnovatorhaspassion(激情),determination,andthecouragetofail,"Isaacsonsaid."Workinginteamsmakescreativepeopleevenmoreeffective(有效的),"headded."Sometimes,some-oneelse'ssuggestionscanhelpimproveorperfectyourdesign."WhenIsaacsonwasgrowingupinNewOrleans,Louisiana,hedecidedearlyonthathewantedtobeawriter.Afterreadingabookbyafriend'suncle,herealizedthatwritingisajobyoucanhave,justlikebeingafishermanoranengineeroradoctor.OfallthebooksIsaacsonhaswritten,hesaidthathisfavoritewasabiographyofBenFranklin."Hedideverything,"Isaacsonsaid."Hewasfriendlyandniceandgoodtopeople.Readingallofhisletters,IfeltIreallygottoknowhimandlikehim."4．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A．IsaacsonhadagreatinfluenceonJobs.B．Jobs'biographywasdifficulttowrite.C．Isaacsonlikesmusicverymuch.D．IsaacsonthinkshighlyofJobs.5．InIsaacson'smind,innovatorsarethosewho_______.A．aregoodattellingstoriesB．wanteverythingtobeperfectC．arefriendlyandnicetopeopleD．loveboththehumanitiesandscience6．Paragraph5mainlytellsus_______.A．howtoworkwithagreatinnovator B．theimportanceofgoodteamworkC．whatittakestobeaninnovator D．theroleofaninnovatorinateam7．Isaacsondecidedtobeginhiscareerasawriterbecause_______.A．hefailedtobecomeanengineerB．hereadabookbyafriend'suncleC．hegotlotsofhelpfromSteveJobsD．hegottoknowmoreaboutBenFranklin阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Inthelonghistoryofpipe-assisteddrinking—beginningwiththegoldbeer-sippingtubesoftheSumerians—Starbucks'splasticstraws(吸管)knewtheyhadsomeadvantagesovertherest.TheirtightwhitewrappingcarriednotonlyEnglishwordsbutaFrenchstyle.Theystoodstraightandtallasastalk(秆)ofwheat,withnouglyappearance.Andtheircolourwasbeautiful.Itwasdarkerthantheleavesofspring,andlighterthantheWashingtonforestsandthelogoofthecompany.Butdespiteallthat,theyweretodisappearby2020,fornotbeinggreenenough.Ofcourse,thestrawsplayedanimportantpartindailylife.Youcouldbuildacottagewiththem,ormakeahat.Atbest,theymightcomposeamat.Theirnearestrelativeswerenotdelicategrasses,butsingle-useplastictubes.Yetthisdidnotconcernthem,becausetheyhadahighercalling:torefreshhumanbeings.Ratherthanpumpingupthecustomerwithhothighly-effectiveAmericanos,theycooledhimwithlesscaffeineandmoreplay.People,especiallyteenagersandchildren,neededthemtosocialize,andamusethemselves.AllthesefolkcouldhavedrunktheirFrappuccinoortheiricedteasdirectlyfromtheplasticcup,ofcourse.Somedid,ignoringtheeagerstrawsstandingready.Funwaswhygreenstrawshadbeenputintouseatall.TheybegantheirservicenotwhenStarbuckswasfounded,in1971,butwhenitintroducedtheFrappuccinoalmostthreedecadeslater.Greenstrawsmarchedin,alongwithwhippedcream.Theymeanthappiness.Yetforeachofthosestraws,theFrappuccinoanditsfollowersfacedaseriouschallenging.Throughtheflatplasticlidsoficedcoffees,nowsharplyscoredwithacross,theywereexpectedtodothesame.However,thestrawswerethrowntothebin,eitherin-storeorinthestreetafterbeingused.Theylaywheretheywerethrowninwoods,orfields,oramongthehills.Theywouldneverbedust.Theyhadeternal(永久的)life.That'sthereasonwhytheywoulddisappear.8．WhywouldStarbucks'splasticstrawsdisappear?A．Theywerenotenvironmentallyfriendly.B．Theywerenotwidelyusedineverydaylife.C．Theytookonanuglylookinappearance.D．Theywereuncomfortableforfollowerstouse.9．Whateffectdidstrawshaveonpeople?A．Calming. B．Uplifting. C．Disturbing. D．Depressing.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"Some"refertoinparagraph3?A．Humans. B．Straws. C．Icedteas. D．Plastictubes.11．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．WhyAretheGreenStrawsSoPopular?B．ProtectingtheEnvironmentİsOurDutyC．Don'tDrinkIcedFrappuccinoAnyMoreD．SayGoodbyetoStarbucks'sGreenStraws阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Lastyear,NASAsentasupplyspaceshiptotheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).Itsgoodsincludedthousandsoftardigrades（缓步动物）.Thesecreatures，eachsmallenoughtofitonthetipofapencil，canbefoundjustaboutanywhere:inoceans,trees,andprobablyyourbackyard.Scientistssaysometardigradeswouldcontinuetoexistevenifmostotherlife-formsonEarthwerewipedout.Tardigradesaresurvivors,whichmakesthemwellsuitedforspacetravel.Somecantakeaboutathousandtimestheamountofradiation(辐射)thatwouldkillahuman.UnlockinghowtheycandothatisimportantifwehopetosendpeopletoMarssomeday."Ifwecanlearnthetricksthattardigradesusetoprotectthemselves,"biologistThomasBoothbysays,"Wecoulddeveloptechnologiesthatcouldprotecthumans.ThetardigradesontheISScamefromBoothby'slabattheUniversityofWyoming.Antecedentexperimentsexposedtardigradestobigdoses（剂量）ofradiation,andscientistsmademanyamazingdiscoveriesinthisfield.Thistime,Boothbywantstofindouthowtheyrespondtolowdosesofradiationoveralongperiod.That'sthekindofexposurepeoplelivinginspacewouldget.Onewaytardigradesprotectthemselvesisbyenteringwhat'scalledatun（桶）state.Thisadaptationletsthemsurviveinplacesthatdryoutmanytimesayear.Tardigradesdryuptoo.Theycurl（弯曲）upintotuns,orlittleballs，producingsubstances（物质）thatprotecttheircellsfromdamage.Theirmetabolism（新陈代谢）shutsdown.They"essentiallystoptolive,"Boothbysays."Andtheycanstaylikethatforyearsorevendecades."Whenwaterreturns,tardigradesspringtolife.Withthisknowledge,scientistscoulddevelopfoodsthatboostprotectivechemicalsinastronauts'bodies.Thismightkeepawayfromtheeffectsofradiation.Thereisstilllotsofresearchtobedone."Rightnow,we'reinthelearningphase（阶段）,"Boothbysays,addingthatotherscientistswillbuildonhisresearch."That'sjustthewayscienceworks."12．WhydidscientistssendtardigradestotheISS?A．Totesttheirfitnessforspacetravel.B．TohelpdodangerousjobsonMars.C．Tocollectmoreradiationinspace.D．Tounderstandtheirsurvivalsecrets.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"Antecedent"inparagraph3mean?A．Safe. B．Secret. C．Previous. D．Frequent.14．Whichofthefollowingistardigrades'featureofthetunstate?A．Theykeepstilltostoremorewater.B．Theytendtomovetodryplaces.C．Theybecomeballstosaveenergy.D．Theyseemtohavenosignsoflife.15．WhatdoesBoothbythinkofhisteam'sresearchontardigrades?A．Fruitful B．Pioneering C．Dangerous D．Unnecessary二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Therearemanyoccasions(时候)towriteathank-younote,suchasafterajobinterviewortoexpressyourthanksaftersomeonehasdoneyouafavor.16．.Evenifyoudidn'taskforthegiftoryousaidthankyouwhenitwashandedtoyou,it'sjustoneofthosetimeswhenyoushouldwriteathank-younote.Nowit'stimetogetdowntohowtowriteathank-younote.17．.Butitmustmentionthegiftandyourappreciation(感激)forthesender'stimeandthoughtfulness.18．.Usingwordslike"reallyamazing"whenwordslikethathavenevercomeoutofyourmouthwillcomeacrossasinsincere(不真诚的).Trytousethesametone(语气)asyouwouldtothereaderinperson.Addressingyourappreciationforthesenderthemselveswillhaveapowerfuleffect.Mentionsomethingspecificyouloveandappreciateaboutthatperson.19．Justlikeyouexpressyourexcitementforaneventwhenyoureply,youcankeeptheexcitementgoingaftertheeventtoo.20．.Thisshowsthatyouvalueyourrelationship,whichismoreimportantthananygift.Soendbymentioningthenexttimeyoumightseethem.A.Whatyouwriteshouldsoundlikeyou.B.Youcanwritethenoteassoonaspossible.C.Thisletsthesenderknowyoureceivedthegift.D.Youtellthemthatyouarelookingforwardtoseeingthemagain.E.Thenotedoesn'thavetobelong—threeorfoursentencesarefine.F.Forexample,youcanwrite"Yourcareforothershasalwaystouchedme."G.Butthemostcommonoccasiontosendathank-younoteisafteryoureceiveagift.三、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）完形填空"Doyouneedavaseforyourpurplecarnations(康乃馨)?"agentlevoice21．meinmyhospitalbed.Itwasoneofthosefew22．momentswhennooneelsewasintheroomwithmeandIhadslippedintosleep.Usuallytheroomwasfullof23．andtheirfamilies."Yes,thesearefromaspecialfriend,"I24．tositupinspiteofmyweakbody.Shewasacleanerandwhileclearingthedeskbesidemybed,she25．theflowers.Butwhywouldshecare?Andshesaid"purplecarnations"26．.Iaskedherifshelikesflowers.Hereyeslitupandshespokeinexcited27．.Shelovesflowerssomuchthateveryflowerinhergardeneachdaygetsaspecialhugand28．fromherbeforesheleavesforwork.MyGod!Ican'tbelieveit!ItoldherthatI'vebeen29．alotofflowersfrommyrelativesandusuallyIhadthemdeliveredtothenursestation.AndIdecidedtogiveherthepurplecarnationsjustbecauseofher30．aboutflowers.Shewasingreat31．.Butbeingthenicepersonsheis,shestilltriedto32．metohavehalfofthemandshewouldhappilytaketheresthome.Iaskedherifshecould33．themwithothersinstead.Shewasdoublyhappy.Sheleft,camebackandsaid,"IwillbethinkingofyouwheneverIseepurple."Ialmost34．.Suchgoodwillforsomethingso35．?Iwasreallyamazedandimpressedbythiscleaner!21．A．awoke B．interrupted C．bothered D．surprised22．A．important B．moving C．rare D．painful23．A．cleaners B．doctors C．nurses D．patients24．A．happened B．managed C．pretended D．refused25．A．gaveout B．chancedupon C．dealtwith D．heldback26．A．specifically B．initially C．willingly D．bravely27．A．dances B．shouts C．whispers D．bursts28．A．shower B．feed C．bye D．greeting29．A．buying B．receiving C．requesting D．borrowing30．A．imagination B．knowledge C．craziness D．opinion31．A．delight B．panic C．shock D．need32．A．remind B．inspire C．prepare D．convince33．A．organize B．plant C．struggle D．share34．A．laughed B．slept C．choked D．hesitated35．A．small B．strange C．kind D．unbelievable四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）语法填空AccordingtothecurrentresearchinCanada,datacentresandsmartphoneswillbethemostdamaginginformationandcommunicationtechnology(ICT)totheenvironmentby2040.TheresearchersclaimthatICTwillaccount36．asmuchas14%forthetotal37．(globe)footprintby2040.Amongallthedevices,theypredictthatby2020,themost38．(damage)onestotheenvironmentaresmartphones.39．smartphonesconsumelittleenergytooperate,over80%oftheiremissionsimpact40．(come)fromtheirproduction.Thechipandthemotherboardofasmartphonearemadeupofpreciousmetalswhichareminedatahighcost.Therefore,toproducethemrequireshugeamountofenergy.Smartphonesalsohavearelativelyshorterlife,41．drivesfurtherproductionofnewmodelsand42．extraordinaryamountofwaste.Withthe43．(late)research,theresearchershopetohelpsmartphoneusersexpand44．（they）worldview.When45．(select)smartphones,manypeopledon'tconsidertheissueofsustainability.Theresearchershopethatthroughtheirwork,theycouldhelppeoplerealisewhattheywanttodo.五、单词拼写（请用所学单词的适当形式填空，每题1分，满分10分）46．Theshipstruckarockands（下沉）tothebottomoftheriver.47．Wemustfindawaytor(解决)theseproblemsbeforeit'stoolate.48．Itisanactorwhosenamee(忘记)meforthemoment.49．Hungeristhebody'ss(信号)thatlevelsofbloodsugararetoolow.50．Ihopetoj(证明，为—辩护)hisconfidence.51．Whoeverleavestheclassroomlastmuste(确保)thatallthewindowsanddoorsarewellclosed.52．Onthedeskwassomeevidencer(揭示)theterriblefact.53．Alwaysmakeyour(present)justabitshorterthananticipated.54．Thevillagewherehewasbornhaschangedbeyond(recognize).55．Thedetective(critic)hisclientforputtinghimontheline.六、单句语法填空（每题1分，满分15分）56．Remebertoreviewwhatyouhavelearnt,oryou'llbeamesswhenexamscome.57．Ifyouwanttocutonyourspending,agoodgoalwouldbemakingmorningcoffeeathomeinsteadofgoingtoaCafé.58．Shewillofferwarmsupporttoneedshelp.59．Asamatteroffact,itistheproductionoffood,notitstransport,usesmostoftheenergy.60．NoteveryonewatchedthefilmJawsbecameafraidofsharks.61．Soresponsibleissheweallrecommendherasourmonitor.62．Makingapaperbagusesuptothreetimesamountofwaterasmakingaplasticbag.63．Itismyfault(let)offsteaminthediscussion.64．Jimratherthantwoofhiscolleagues(fire)uptonow.65．AlistairrantowardsJonny,(catch)himandstartedpullinghimtowardsthefinishline.66．I(intend)toseeyouoffattheairport,butIhadanunexpectedvisitorwhenIwasabouttoleave.67．Allthesegifts(buy),Tomlefttheshoppingcenterimmediately.68．ThereisacolumninChinaDaily(concern)languagestudy.69．(devote)totheoldladyaged60,thetwolittleyellowdogswerewithherfor196hourstillshewasrescued.70．Heisthought(act)foolishly.Nowhehasnoonebuthimselftoblameforlosingthejob.七、作文（满分15分）71．你是某国际中学李华。你校正在开展"创建美丽校园"的活动，请你用英语给全校学生写一封倡议书，要点包括：1创建美丽校园的重要性2校园存在的不文明现象3你的态度注意：词数在80字左右，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯Dearfellowstudents,Lihua

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．C3．C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一个可以帮助你学习多种外语的设备nativpro。【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题,。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。1．细节理解题。根据Choosethelanguageinwhichyouwanttocommunicatebeforeyoupressthe"A"buttonandstarttalking.选择你想要交流的语言，然后按下“A”键开始说话。可知选项Selectaforeignlanguage.符合题意，故答案为A。2．细节理解题。根据♦Itsupportsreal-timetranslationandtexttranslationisalsoavailable支持实时翻译，也支持文本翻译。♦Itprovidesfastandaccuratetwo-waycommunicationinover40languages.它提供40多种语言的快速准确的双向交流。可知选项Itoffersinstanttwo-waytranslation.符合题意，故答案为C。3．推理判断题。根据OrdertheNativoProtranslatorfromitsofficialwebsite.Theregularpriceis$200each.Rightnow,youcangeta40%discountoffthat.从其官方网站订购nativepro翻译器。正价是每个200美元。现在你可以享受四折优惠。可知购买一个需要：$200-$200x40%=$120，选项$240.符合题意，故答案为C。【答案】4．D5．D6．C7．B【解析】【分析】这是一篇人物采访报道。讲述了乔布斯的传记作者艾萨克森对创新者的认识和看法。【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和段落大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答段落大意题时需要根据文章内容和选项来判断出正确答案。4．推理判断题。根据第一段BeforeSteveJobsco-foundedApple,therewerenoiPhonesoriPads.Jobschangedthewaywethinkaboutmanythings,includingtelephones,computers,andbooks.BecauseofJobs,sayshisbiographer(传记作者)WalterIsaacson,entireindustrieslikemusicandpublishinghavechangedcompletely.在史蒂夫·乔布斯联合创立苹果公司之前，还没有iphone和ipad。乔布斯改变了我们对许多事物的看法，包括电话、电脑和书籍。乔布斯的传记作者沃尔特·艾萨克森说，因为乔布斯，像音乐和出版这样的整个行业都彻底改变了。可知选项IsaacsonthinkshighlyofJobs.符合题意，故答案为D。5．细节理解题。根据第三段Iaskedwhatqualitiesstoodoutintheinnovatorshestudied."Theyreallycareaboutbothartandscience,"Isaacsonsaid."Theyreallybelieveit'simportanttoconnectthehumanitiestotechnologyandengineering."我问他，在他研究的创新者身上，哪些品质最突出。“他们真的很关心艺术和科学，”艾萨克森说。“他们真的认为把人文学科与技术和工程联系起来很重要。”可知选项：loveboththehumanitiesandscience符合题意，故答案为D。6．段落大意题。根据"Everygreatinnovatorhaspassion(激情),determination,andthecouragetofail,"Isaacsonsaid."Workinginteamsmakescreativepeopleevenmoreeffective(有效的),"headded."Sometimes,some-oneelse'ssuggestionscanhelpimproveorperfectyourdesign."“每一位伟大的创新者都有激情、决心和敢于失败的勇气，”艾萨克森说。他补充说:“团队合作能让有创造力的人更有效率。”“有时候，别人的建议可以帮助你改进或完善你的设计。可知这段重点再讲创新者需要的品格和条件，选项whatittakestobeaninnovator符合题意，故答案为C。7．推理判断题。根据Afterreadingabookbyafriend'suncle,herealizedthatwritingisajobyoucanhave,justlikebeingafishermanoranengineeroradoctor.在阅读了朋友叔叔的一本书后，他意识到写作是一份你可以拥有的工作，就像成为渔夫、工程师或医生一样。可知选项hereadabookbyafriend'suncle符合题意，故答案为B。【答案】8．A9．B10．A11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。论述了星巴克塑料吸管消失的原因。【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答词义猜测题需要根据文章的内容和选项来判断出正确答案；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。8．细节理解题。根据第一段Butdespiteallthat,theyweretodisappearby2020,fornotbeinggreenenough.但尽管如此，由于不够环保，它们将在2020年消失。可知选项Theywerenotenvironmentallyfriendly.符合题意，故答案为A。9．推理判断题。根据第三段Yetthisdidnotconcernthem,becausetheyhadahighercalling:torefreshhumanbeings.然而这事与他们无关，因为他们有更崇高的使命:使人振作起来。可知选项Uplifting.符合题意，故答案为B。10．词义猜测题。根据第三段AllthesefolkcouldhavedrunktheirFrappuccinoortheiricedteasdirectlyfromtheplasticcup,ofcourse.当然，所有这些人都可以直接从塑料杯里喝星冰乐或冰茶。可知Somedid,ignoringtheeagerstrawsstandingready.有些人这样做了，无视那些对准备好的稻草吸管的渴望。这里的“Some”指的是“Allthesefolk”中的一些人，选项Humans.符合题意，故答案为A。11．主旨大意题。根据文章的结构：总分总，可知最后一段也是中心段落，根据最后一段However,thestrawswerethrowntothebin,eitherin-storeorinthestreetafterbeingused.Theylaywheretheywerethrowninwoods,orfields,oramongthehills.Theywouldneverbedust.Theyhadeternal(永久的)life.That'sthereasonwhytheywoulddisappear.然而，吸管被扔进垃圾桶，或者在商店里，或者在街上。他们躺在他们被扔的地方，在树林里，或田野里，或在山上。它们永远不会变成尘土。他们有永恒的生命。这就是它们会消失的原因。可知选项SayGoodbyetoStarbucks'sGreenStraws符合题意，故答案为D。【答案】12．D13．C14．D15．B【解析】【分析】这是一篇科学研究报道。讲述了俄明大学的实验室的布斯比所带团队对缓步动物的研究成果。【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和词义猜测意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答词义猜测意题时需要根据上下文的内容和选项来判断出正确答案。12．细节理解题。根据第二段UnlockinghowtheycandothatisimportantifwehopetosendpeopletoMarssomeday.如果我们希望有一天把人类送上火星，解开它们如何做到这一点是很重要的。可知选项Tounderstandtheirsurvivalsecrets.符合题意，故答案为D。13．词义猜测题。根据第二段Somecantakeaboutathousandtimestheamountofradiation(辐射)thatwouldkillahuman.：有些可以承受足以杀死一个人的一千倍的辐射。可知experimentsexposedtardigradestobigdoses（剂量）ofradiation,andscientistsmademanyamazingdiscoveriesinthisfield.实验将缓步动物暴露在大剂量的辐射下，科学家在这个领域有了许多惊人的发现。这些实验已经做过了，都有结论了，可知选项Previous.以前的，先前的；符合题意，故答案为C。14．推理判断题。根据第四段They"essentiallystoptolive,"Boothbysays."Andtheycanstaylikethatforyearsorevendecades.Whenwaterreturns,tardigradesspringtolife."他们“基本上停止了生活，”布斯比说，“它们可以保持这种状态数年甚至数十年。当水回归时，缓步动物就会复活。”可知选项Theyseemtohavenosignsoflife.。符合题意，故答案为D。15．推理判断题。根据Boothbysays,addingthatotherscientistswillbuildonhisresearch."That'sjustthewayscienceworks."Boothby补充说，其他科学家将以他们的研究为基础。“这就是科学的运作方式。”可知他认为他们的研究是开创性的，选项Pioneering符合题意，故答案为B。【答案】16．G；17．E；18．A；19．F；20．D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了如何写感谢信。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，属于七选五，解题关键在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示词或重复的关键词，认真阅读选项，选出恰当的答案，最后再通读全文进行检查。16．根据下文Evenifyoudidn'taskforthegiftoryousaidthankyouwhenitwashandedtoyou,it'sjustoneofthosetimeswhenyoushouldwriteathank-younote.即使你没有要求得到这份礼物，或者当礼物递给你时你说了谢谢，这也是你应该写一封感谢信的时候之一。可知空白处需要：你收到礼物也要感谢，选项G.Butthemostcommonoccasiontosendathank-younoteisafteryoureceiveagift.但最常见的发送感谢信的场合是在你收到礼物之后。符合题意，故答案为G。17．根据上文Nowit'stimetogetdowntohowtowriteathank-younote.现在是时候开始学习如何写感谢信了。以及下文Butitmustmentionthegiftandyourappreciation(感激)forthesender'stimeandthoughtfulness.但一定要提到礼物，以及你对送礼人花时间和考虑周到的感谢。可知空白处提醒你注意感谢信的长短，选项E.Thenotedoesn'thavetobelong—threeorfoursentencesarefine.留言不必太长——三到四句话就可以了。符合题意，故答案为E。18．根据下文Usingwordslike"reallyamazing"whenwordslikethathavenevercomeoutofyourmouthwillcomeacrossasinsincere(不真诚的).Trytousethesametone(语气)asyouwouldtothereaderinperson.当你从来没有说过"太棒了"的时候，用这样的词会给人留下不真诚的印象。尽量使用与你面对面对读者说话时相同的语气。可知空白处提醒你谢感谢信要发自你的内心，要符合你的语气，选项A.Whatyouwriteshouldsoundlikeyou.你写的东西应该听起来像你自己。符合题意，故答案为A。19．根据上文Addressingyourappreciationforthesenderthemselveswillhaveapowerfuleffect.Mentionsomethingspecificyouloveandappreciateaboutthatperson.表达你对发件人的感激之情将会产生强大的效果。提到你特别喜欢和欣赏那个人的地方。可知空白处讲举例说明怎么写，选项F.Forexample,youcanwrite"Yourcareforothershasalwaystouchedme."例如，你可以写"你对别人的关心一直感动着我。"符合题意，故答案为F。20．根据下文Thisshowsthatyouvalueyourrelationship,whichismoreimportantthananygift.Soendbymentioningthenexttimeyoumightseethem.这表明你重视你们的关系，这比任何礼物都重要。所以在结束的时候提到下次你可能会看到他们。可知空白处提醒你别忘了：期待再次见面，选项D.Youtellthemthatyouarelookingforwardtoseeingthemagain.你告诉他们你期待着再次见到他们。符合题意，故答案为D。【答案】21．A；22．C；23．D；24．B；25．B；26．A；27．D；28．C；29．B；30．C；31．A；32．D；33．D；34．C；35．A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者生病住院期间遇到一位热爱花儿且很善良的清洁工。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。做完后再通读一遍检查验证。21．句意："你的紫色康乃馨需要一个花瓶吗?"一个温柔的声音把我从病床上吵醒了。根据下文whennooneelsewasintheroomwithmeandIhadslippedintosleep.当时房间里没有其他人，我已经睡着了。可知作者在睡着的时候被这个声音吵醒了，选项awoke唤醒；interrupted打断；bothered打扰，烦扰；surprised使（某人）吃惊；可知选项awoke符合题意，故答案为A。22．句意：这是一个难得没有其他人在我房间里的时刻，我已经睡着了。根据下文Usuallytheroomwasfulloftheirfamilies.通常我住的病房间里都是其他病人的家人。可知我病房很少时候只有我一个人，选项important重要的，重大的；moving动人的，感人的；rare少见的，不常发生的；painful疼痛的；可知选项rare符合题意，故答案为C。23．句意：通常我住的病房间里都是其他病人和他们的家人。根据上文：一个温柔的声音把我从病床上吵醒了。可知作者在生病住医院，病房里住的是病人，选项cleaners清洁工人；doctors医生；nurses护士；patients病人；可知选项patients符合题意，故答案为D。24．句意："需要，这是一位特别的朋友送的。"尽管我的身体很虚弱，我还是设法坐了起来。根据句意：尽管我的身体很虚弱，可知作者要说话，处于礼貌一定要做起来的，选项happened碰巧，managed设法做成，pretended假装，refused拒绝，可知选项managed符合题意，故答案为B。25．句意：她是个清洁工，在清理我床边的桌子时，偶然发现了那些花。根据句意：她是个清洁工，在清理我床边的桌子时，可知这个时候才看到了我的紫色康乃馨，选项gaveout分发，发放；chancedupon偶然看见，dealtwith处理，heldback克制，抑制；可知选项chancedupon符合题意，故答案为B。26．句意：但她为什么会在意这些花儿呢?而且她特别说了"紫色康乃馨"根据常识清洁工人一天忙于生计，是无暇顾及什么花儿的，可知作者很好奇她特别关注"我的紫色康乃馨"，选项specifically特意，专门地；initially开始，最初；willingly欣然地；bravely勇敢地；可知选项specifically符合题意，故答案为A。27．句意：我问她是否喜欢花。她两眼放光，激动地说着话。根据句意：她两眼放光，可知这位清洁工人很喜欢话，说到花儿她很激动，选项dances舞蹈；shouts叫喊，whispers低语，bursts不停的说话，可知选项bursts符合题意，故答案为D。28．句意：她非常喜欢花，每天在她去上班之前，她都会给花园里的每一朵花一个特别的拥抱和再见。根据句意：每天在她去上班之前，她都会给花园里的每一朵花一个特别的拥抱，可知这位清洁工人上班前会同她养的花儿道别，选项shower淋浴，feed喂养，bye再见，greeting问候，招呼；可知选项bye符合题意，故答案为C。29．句意：我告诉她我从亲戚那里收到了很多花，通常我都把它们送到护士站。根据句意：通常我都把它们送到护士站，可知我这儿的花都是我收到的，选项buying购买；receiving收到；requesting请求，要求；borrowing.借入；可知选项receiving符合题意，故答案为B。30．句意：我决定送她紫色康乃馨，因为她喜欢花。根据上文：她非常喜欢花，每天在她去上班之前，她都会给花园里的每一朵花一个特别的拥抱和再见。可知她是一位花痴，选项imagination想像力，想像；knowledge知识，学问；craziness狂热，一片痴情；opinion.意见，看法；可知选项craziness符合题意，故答案为C。31．句意：她非常高兴。根据下文Shewasdoublyhappy.她倍加高兴。可知她很高兴，选项delight高兴；panic恐慌，惊慌；shock吃惊，震惊；need需要，必须；可知选项delight符合题意，故答案为A。32．句意：但作为一个好人，她还是试图说服我留下一半，她很乐意把剩下的带回家。根据句意"我留下一半，她很乐意把剩下的带回家。"可知她劝我别把全部紫色康乃馨都给她，选项remind提醒，inspire激励，鼓舞；prepare准备；convince说服，劝服；可知选项convince符合题意，故答案为D。33．句意：我问她是否可以与其他人分享这些花儿。她倍加高兴。根据上文：但作为一个好人，她还是试图说服我留下一半，她很乐意把剩下的带回家。可知她是喜欢分享的人，作者问这个问题时，她会倍加高兴，选项organize组织，筹备；plant栽种，种植；struggle奋斗，努力；share分享；可知选项share符合题意，故答案为D。34．句意：我几乎感动得说不出话来了。根据上文Sheleft,camebackandsaid,"IwillbethinkingofyouwheneverIseepurple."她离开了，回来说:"每当我看到紫色，我就会想起你。"可知作者被她的善良感动了，选项laughed发出笑声；slept睡觉了；choked堵塞的；hesitated犹豫；可知选项choked符合题意，故答案为C。35．句意：这么小的东西就这么好?这个清洁工给我留下了深刻的印象。根据上文：我告诉她我从亲戚那里收到了很多花，通常我都把它们送到护士站。可知在作者看来这些花儿但是可有可无的不太重要的东西，选项small无关紧要的，不重要的；strange奇怪的，不寻常的；kind宽容的，体贴的；unbelievable不可信的，不真实的；可知选项small符合题意，故答案为A。【答案】36．for；37．global；38．damaging；39．while/Although/though；40．comes；41．which；42．an；43．latest；44．their；45．selecting【解析】【分析】这是一篇科学报道。讲述了手机的制造浪费了大量的能源。

【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。36．句意：研究人员声称，到2040年，信息通信技术将占全球总足迹的14%。根据固定搭配：accountfor说明，占据（一定比例）：可知空白处缺少介词f