陕西省渭南市重点中学高一下学期2022-2023学年期中英语试卷（含答案）

陕西省渭南市重点中学高一下学期2022-2023学年期中英语试卷姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五总分评分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题,共37.5分）阅读理解ThePeerEducationProjectThePeerEducationProjectisaschool-basedprogrammethataimstogiveyoungpeopletheskillsandknowledgetheyneedtosafeguardtheirmentalhealth,andthatoftheirpeers（同龄人）.Bytrainingolderpupilstodelivermentalhealthlessonstoyoungerstudents,weintendtoincludetheprogrammeintheschoolcourseasakeysourceofsupporttoyoungpeopleexperiencingmentalhealthproblem.Whyispeereducationhelpful?•Youngpeoplealwaysturnadeafeartoadultsandaremorewillingtolistentotheirschoolmates.•Youngpeoplemayfeelmorecomfortableaskingquestionsoftheirfellows.•Peer-deliveredprogrammescanprovideaccessiblerole-modelsandadvisers.•ThePeerEducationProjectusesexistingsocialnetworkstoexerciseinfluenceandmaintaintheinfluencebeyondtheclassroom.Whatdoestheprojectteach?•Itintroducesmentalhealthassomethingthatweallhave,likephysicalhealth.•Itencouragesstudentstothinkaboutwaystostaywell,howtoseekhelpandsupportfriends.•Itintroducessomecommonwrongopinionsaboutmentalhealth,anddealswiththediscrimination（歧视）againstpeoplewithmentalproblems.OurnewPEPplatformThePEPplatformisdesignedtobeaone-stopshopforThePeerEducationProject.Registernowtoaccesstheresourcesyouwillneedtointroducementalhealthintoyourschoolcourse.ContactusWearecurrentlyworkingtobringtheprojecttomoreschools.Calloremailusifyou'dliketotakepart,ortofindoutmoreaboutwhat'sinvolved.1．What'sthepurposeofThePeerEducationProject?____A．Givelessonstoolderpupils.B．Helptheyoungwiththeirmentalhealth.C．Teachskillsandknowledgeofstudy.D．Providekeysupporttoschools.2．Whyistheprojectbeneficial?____A．Itcreatesusefulsocialnetworks.B．Ithiresprofessionaladviserstohelp.C．Ithelpsyoungpeoplecommunicatewiththeirparents.D．Ithelpstheyoungcommunicatewiththeirfellows.3．Toknowmoreabouttheproject,youcan____.A．registernow B．payavisitinpersonC．makeaphonecall D．sendashortmessage阅读理解Afewyearsago,IstoodinasmallclassroomjustoutsideofNewYorkCity,watchingahighschoolernamedSerenaStevensonanswermathquestions.Aninstructorreadoutnumbers-74,470,70,809,98,402-andStevensonaddedtheminherhead.Foreachquestion,sheclosedhereyes,andthenthefingersofherrighthandbegantomove.Sheansweredmostoftheproblemscorrectly.Thekeytohersuccesswasanancienttechnologycalledtheabacus（算盘）.Stevensonusedapracticecalled"mentalabacus",imaginingtheabacusinhermindandthenusingherfingerstoworkthroughtheproblems.FromwatchingStevenson,Iknewthatgainingskillattheabacuswasmorethanamatterofcountingbeads（珠子）,soIdecidedtosignupforanabacuscoursewithmytwodaughterstoseeifwecouldalsoimproveourmathskills.IwasoneofthemanywhohadsomemathdoubtsandIfeltatouchoffear.Mytypicalsolutionwasavoidance,andifIhadtocalculatesomethinglikeapercentagechange,Iwouldgoonline.Thenafterafewabacusclassesandagoodamountofpractice,mathseemedalittlelessfrightening.Ididn'tbecomeEuclid,thefounderofgeometry（几何学）.Butthepracticebroughtmynumericalfearsdown.Thisisatime-testedpoweroftheabacus.Confidencegrowseasilyinthedevice,andabacusstudentsarelesslikelytobenervousaboutanupcomingmathtest,accordingtoonestudy.Partofthereason,itseems,isthatpracticeandoutcomesappeartomoveinstep.Mykidsgainedmuchaswell.Myyoungestdaughtercouldworkoutthosemathproblemsthatonceher,whilemyolderchildbroughtherabacustoschooltoshowittoherclassmatesandteacher.Thesewerejustsmallsuccessesforthem,butthatwashowtheyfinallydevelopedconfidence.4．Whatisthemainpurposeofthefirstparagraph?A．ToshowthehighintelligenceofStevenson.B．Tostresstheimportanceofabacuslearning.C．Tointroducethetopicoftheabacus.D．Toprovethedifficultyofmath.5．Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromparagraph3?A．Hewasweakinmath.B．Hewasgoodatcomputer.C．Heregardedmathasuseful.D．Hehadacloserelationshipwithkids.6．Whatdoestheauthorrealizefromhislearningexperience?A．Knowledgestartswithpractice.B．It'snevertoolatetolearn.C．Faithcanmovemountains.D．Practicemakesperfect.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"baffled"inthelastparagraphmean?A．Bored. B．Defeated. C．Interested. D．Inspired.阅读理解Thetimetoformanewhabitdependsontheperson,thehabititself,theenvironment,andthemotivation.Generallyspeaking,60daysisgoodenoughforgettinganewhabitformed,butsomehabitscouldtaketwiceaslong.Somehabitswillneverbeformednomatterhowmuchtimepasses.Evenahabitthattakesmonthsoryearstoformcanstillbebrokeneventually.Becominganearlyriserwasreallychallenging.Istruggledwiththishabitforyearstomanagetoformit.Idobreakthishabitnowandthen,usuallybychoicetoexperiencesomethingdifferentforawhile.Inthepast90days,Ihavestayedinbedpast5amperhapsonlytwoorthreetimes.Ittakesmelessthanaweektobebackwithit.Rememberingthebenefitssurelyhelps.Inmy20sIwastooimpatientwithmanyhabits.IfIcouldn'tgetsomethingworkinginafewweeks,I'doftendropitandtrysomethingelse.NowthatI'minmylate40s,Ihavelearnedtothinkinamorepracticalway.Iknowthatevenifittakesmanymonthsoryearstoformanewhabit,Iamsurethehabitcouldbringadvantagesformanyyears.Itdoesn'ttakemetoolongtothinkofcarryingoutthenewhabit,Ijustgetitstarted.Whenyouthinkaboutahabitthatyouhavestucktoformanyyears,whocaresifittookafewweeksorsixmonthstoformit?Don'tworrysomuchabouthowlongittakestoformahabit.Instead,considerwhichhabitscouldimprovethequalityofyourlifesothattheyareworthyofsixmonthstogetthemformed.Whenahabitformsatlast,itfeelsuncomfortablenottodoit,andyourdaydoesn'tfeelcompletewithoutit.8．Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?A．Wehavetokeepthehabitsonceformed.B．Mosthabitscanbeformedquickly.C．Weneedsixtydaystoformanewhabit.D．Thetimetoformhabitsvariesgreatly.9．Whydoesthewriterbreakthehabitofgettingupearlysometimes?A．Helikessleepinginbedforawhile.B．Hewantstotrysomethingdifferent.C．Hepreparesbreakfastforthefamily.D．Heisafraidtowakeuphisfamily.10．Whatdoesthewriterthinkmoreaboutthehabitwhenheisinhisforties?A．Thedevelopmentofthehabit. B．Theexpenseofthehabit.C．Thebenefitsofthehabit. D．Thelimitationofthehabit.11．Inwhichpartofamagazineisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Education. B．Technology. C．Tourism. D．Literature.阅读理解Whetherit'satrickymathsproblemoranunexpectedbill,lifeisfullofstressfulexperiences.Nowresearchershavefoundthathumansproduceadifferentodour（气气味）whenunderpressureanddogscansniffitout.Whilepreviousstudieshavesuggesteddogsmightpickuponhumanemotions,possiblythroughsmell,questionsremainedoverwhethertheycoulddetect（察觉）stressandifthiscouldbedonethroughscent.WritinginthejournalPlosOne,ClaraWilson,aPhDstudentatQueensUniversityBelfastandthefiurstauthoroftheresearch,andhercolleaguesreporthowtheyfirstconstructedastandbearingthreecontainers,eachtoppedbyalidwithholes.Theresearcherswereabletotrainfourdogstopointoutthecontainerthatwasholdingaparticularbreathandsweatsampletakenatadifferenttimeofday,evenwhenthelineupincludedunusedgauze（纱布）.Withtheteamconfidentthatthedogsunderstoodtheapproach,theyturnedtobreathandsweatsamplesfrom36peoplewhohadbeenaskedtocountbackwardsfrom9,000inunitsof17.Theparticipantsreportedfeelingstressedbythetaskandforthe27whocarrieditoutinthelab,theirbloodpressureandheartraterose.Thedogsweretaughttopickoutsamplestakenjustafterthetaskfromalineupthatincludedtwocontainersholdingunusedgauze.Theresearchersthentestedwhetherthedogscoulddothesamewhenthelineupincludednotonlyunusedgauzebutsamplestakenfromthesameparticipantjustbeforethetask,whentheyweremorerelaxed.Eachsetofsampleswasshowntoasingledogin20trials.Theresultsshowthatthedogschosethe"stressed"samplein675outofthe720trials."Itwasprettyamazingtoseethembesoconfidentintellingme'nope,thesetwothingsdefinitelysmelldifferent',"saidWilson.Whileitwasunclearwhatchemicalsthedogswerepickingupon,thestudyshowshumansproduceadifferentodourwhenstressed.Wilsonsaiditwaspossiblethatevenuntrainedpetdogsmightdetectchangesinodourwhenahumanbecamestressed.12．Whatdiddogsdetecthumanemotionsbyaccordingtopreviousstudies?A．Smell. B．Taste. C．Expression. D．Hearing.13．Whydidtheresearchersusethreecontainersatfirst?A．Tohavethedogsmoreconfused.B．Toholdthebreathmorestably.C．Toletthedogsknowtheapproach.D．Toincreasethereliabilityofcontainers.14．What'stheattitudeofClaraWilsontowardstheresultofthetest?A．Doubtful. B．Convinced. C．Indifferent. D．Negative.15．Whichmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．YourSmellWillChangeWhenYouFeelNervous.B．DogsKnowWhyYouAreRelaxed.C．YourEmotionalStateCanBeDetectedbyOdour.D．DogsCanSniffoutWhenYouAreStressed.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题,共12.5分）阅读七选五ItisnotalwayseasytokeepaconversationgoinginEnglish.Youmightnotbesureaboutwhattosay.Ormaybeyouareafraidthatyourpronunciationisnotgood.SohowcanwecontinueaconversationinEnglish?16．ListenandfollowupFirst,remembertheimportanceoflistening.Listentotheotherpersonattentively,sothatyoucanaskafollow-upquestion.Forexample,let'ssaytheotherpersontellsyou,"IjustgotbackfromatriptoCanada."17．WheredidyougoinCanada?Whatwasyourfavoriteplacethere?Howwasthefoodthere?Avoidsimple"yes"or"no"questionsIfyouwanttokeepaconversationgoing,it'sagoodideatoaskquestionsthatcannotbeansweredwithasimple"yes"or"no".Iftheotherpersonasksyoua"yes"or"no"question,trytogivealongeranswertohelpkeeptheconversationgoing.Forexample,afriendmightask,"Hey,haveyouseenthenewStarWarsmovie?"Youcouldjustanswer,"No,Ihaven't."18．Youcouldanswer："No,butIplantoseeitsoon.Howaboutyou?"19．Donotworryaboutyourpronunciation.Ifyourpronunciationisalittledifferent,theotherpersonwillstillunderstandyourmessageifyoutryspeakingslowlyandclearly.WhenyouaretravelinginanEnglish-speakingcountryandhavesomefreetime,bebraveandspeakinEnglishwithsomeonewhodoesnotlooktoobusy.20．A.Or,youcouldsaymore.B.Bebraveandpracticeoften.C.Youcantrythefollowingways.D.Thenyoumaymakeanewfriend.E.Whydidyouchoosethedestination?F.Correctyourpronunciationifpossible.G.Youcancontinuewithaquestionusingwhere,what,why,orhow.三、完形填空（本大题共15小题,共15.0分）完形填空InDecember,2009,46-year-oldPhilBelfiorewasteachinghisstudentshowtowriteapastiche（模仿作品）ofRobertFrost'spoem.Helikedthe21．hehadwrittenforthem,sohe22．itonhisansweringmachine（电话答录机）.Thatbroughtanunusual23．tohim.WhenPhilreturnedfromNewYearvacation,helistenedto24．.Onegentlemansaidhewassorryfordialingwrongly.Headdedheheartily25．thepoem.Phillaughedandthoughtnothingmoreaboutit.26．,thephonerangdayslater.Philrecognizedthevoice."He27．forbotheringme,buthewantedtohearthepoemagain,"recallsPhil.ThecallerisJohn,73yearsold.Itturnedoutthathisbrother'snumberwas28．toPhil's；thusthewrongcallhappened."Itoldhimtocallbackanytime."Thatwas11yearsago.They'vetalkedregularlyeversince.John29．mostcalls.Philwillringifalongtimehaspassedandhehasany30．toworry."Wealways31．eachotherwhenthere'sbeenastormorasportsevent,"Philsays.Gradually,theirconversationsgrewmore32．."Wetalkabouthealth,finances,andwhateverelsecomesup."Theyplannedtwicetovisittheother,butcircumstances33．theirplans.Theyhaven'tgonetoagameorhadacoffeetogether.Neither34．the"haven't",aspickingupthephoneisenough."MybestfriendissomeoneI'venotyet35．,"saysJohn.21．A．story B．example C．image D．program22．A．recorded B．tested C．spread D．explained23．A．vacation B．friendship C．lesson D．conversation24．A．holidaywishes B．latestnewsC．voicemessages D．courseevaluation25．A．understood B．learnt C．recommended D．enjoyed26．A．Therefore B．Instead C．However D．Moreover27．A．longed B．apologized C．accounted D．allowed28．A．equal B．related C．subject D．close29．A．makes B．misses C．suggests D．expects30．A．problem B．time C．reason D．choice31．A．protect B．visit C．inspire D．contact32．A．commercial B．personal C．unique D．common33．A．crossedup B．leton C．keptto D．consistedof34．A．forgets B．mentions C．imagines D．minds35．A．heard B．thanked C．met D．left四、语法填空（本大题共1小题,共15.0分）语法填空ThemusicfromanupcomingmusicalbymusicianLiDunandcomposerSanBao,FlyingApsaras（飞天）,wasperformed36．thefirsttimeinShanghaionSeptember5.Theconcertincluded14songs37．werecreatedbywriterGuanShanandcomposerSanBaoforthemusical.38．（inspire）bytheculturaltreasuresoftheDunhuangmurals（壁画）,themusicaltellsastoryaboutaguardianwhowatchesoverthemuralsandascholarwhotravelsoveralong39．（distant）toDunhuang.Areligious（宗教的）andculturalcrossroadsontheSilkRoad,Dunhuanghas40．numberofcavesthathouseavastcollectionofmuralsdescribingreligiousstoriesandlifescenes.LiDunsaidhe41．（move）totearsduringhisfirstvisittothecavesinDunhuangbythese42．（extreme）finepaintings.Hehopedtotellastoryaboutthe43．astonish）beautyofDunhuangtotheworldintheformofamusical.AccordingtoLiDun,thetitleFlyingApsarascamefromtheflyingdosarasintheDunhuangmurals.Thesefemalespiritsdanceinthesky,44．（give）peopleadreamlikeimpression.PaintedfromtheJinDynasty（265-420）totheendoftheYuanDynasty（1279-1368）,theancienttreasures45．（be）alsoasymbolofChineseculture.五、书面表达（本大题共2小题,共40.0分）46．你们学校将举办英文演讲比赛，要求参赛选手选择一位自己最敬佩的人，向大家进行介绍。假设你选择的人物是中国科学家屠呦呦，请根据以下要点提示，写一篇演讲稿。

1.出生：1930年，浙江省。

2.工作：开发青蒿素，治疗疟疾。

3.成就：2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖；挽救了数百万名疟疾患者的生命。

4.人物精神：遇到困难不放弃，持之以恒，开拓创新。写作要求：词数为100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇：theNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicine诺贝尔生理学或医学奖artemisinin青蒿素malaria疟疾Goodmorning,everyone!Thankyouforlistening.47．阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onceuponatimeinavillage,therelivedasmallboynamedVarun,wholosthismotherwhenhewas10yearsold.Varun'sfatherlovedhissonverymuchandworkedveryhardeverydayonthefarmtomeettheneedofhisson.Andbecauseofhishard-work,Varungotanopportunityforhighereducation.SinceVarunwasintelligent,hestudiedverywellandgotplacedinoneofthebestcompaniesintheTownaftergraduation.Varunhadtotakehisfatheralongwithhimbecausehisfatherwasoldandsick.Varun'sfatherwhowasveryself-dependentdidnotwanttorelyonhisson.But.hisrelativesconvincedhimtogoalongwithhissonandstaywithhim.Afterafewdays,Varun'sfatherwhowasalreadyillgotsickerdaybyday.Varuntookcareofhisfatherandservedallthethingsthatwerenecessaryforhim.ButVarunstartedthinkinghisownlife,whichmadehimunhappyandstressed.Hestartedignoringhisfather.InoneeveningwhenVaruncamebackhome,hesaidtohisfatherthathewantedtotakehimforanouting.Varun'sfatherfeltsohappythatheimmediatelygotupfromhisbed.Andhewasveryexcitedtospendsomeprecioustimewithhisson.ButactuallyVarunhadalreadymadeuphismindtotakehisfatherforalongwalkandleavehimontheway.Whilewalking,Varun'sfatherpickedupallthewoodensticks（棍状物,条状物）andkeptthemasideontheroad,leavingagap（间隔,差距）andkeepingthesticksoneafteranotherontheroad.注意：续写词数应为150左右；Seeinghisfatherdoingthis,Varunwasveryconfused.ThenVarunrealizedthathisfatherkneweverything.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．D3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了ThePeerEducationProject这一项目。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"ThePeerEducationProjectisaschool-basedprogrammethataimstogiveyoungpeopletheskillsandknowledgetheyneedtosafeguardtheirmentalhealth,andthatoftheirpeers(同龄人)."同伴教育项目是一个以学校为基础的方案，旨在为年轻人提供他们所需的技能和知识，以保障他们和同龄人的心理健康。可知，ThePeerEducationProject的目的是为了保障年轻人的心理健康。故选B。2．考查细节理解。根据Whyispeereducationhelpful?部分中的"·Youngpeoplealwaysturnadeafeartoadultsandaremorewillingtolistentotheirschoolmates.·Youngpeoplemayfeelmorecomfortableaskingquestionsoftheirfellows."•年轻人总是对成年人充耳不闻，更愿意听取同学的意见。•年轻人可以更轻松地向同伴提问。可知，年轻人更愿意与同龄人交流，向他们寻求建议，该项目有益是因为它能更好地促进年轻人同他们的同龄人进行交流。故选D。3．考查细节理解。根据Contactus部分中的"Calloremailusifyou'dliketotakepart,ortofindoutmoreaboutwhat'sinvolved."如果您想参加，请致电或发送电子邮件给我们，或了解更多有关活动的信息。可知，要想了解更多关于项目的事情，你可以打电话或者发电子邮件。故选C。【答案】4．C5．A6．D7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者自己和孩子学习珠算的故事，得出了"熟能生巧"的道理。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Foreachquestion,sheclosedhereyes,andthenthefingersofherrighthandbegantomove.Sheansweredmostoftheproblemscorrectly."对于每一个问题，她都闭上眼睛，然后她右手的手指开始移动。她正确地回答了大部分问题；以及第二段中的"Thekeytohersuccesswasanancienttechnologycalledtheabacus."她成功的关键是一种叫做算盘的古老技术。可推知，第一段的主要目的是引出算盘这个主题。故选C。5．考查推理判断。根据第三段"FromwatchingStevenson,Iknewthatgainingskillattheabacuswasmorethanamatterofcountingbeads（珠子）,soIdecidedtosignupforanabacuscoursewithmytwodaughterstoseeifwecouldalsoimproveourmathskills.IwasoneofthemanywhohadsomemathdoubtsandIfeltatouchoffear.Mytypicalsolutionwasavoidance,andifIhadtocalculatesomethinglikeapercentagechange,Iwouldgoonline."通过观察史蒂文森，我知道掌握珠算技能不仅仅是数珠子，所以我决定和我的两个女儿报名参加一个珠算课程，看看我们是否也能提高我们的数学技能。我是许多对数学有疑虑的人之一，我对数学有一丝恐惧。我的典型解决方案是回避，如果我必须计算一个百分比变化，我会上网。可推知，作者的数学不好。故选A。6．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段"Thenafterafewabacusclassesandagoodamountofpractice,mathseemedalittlelessfrightening.Ididn'tbecomeEuclid,thefounderofgeometry.Butthepracticebroughtmynumericalfearsdown.Thisisatime-testedpoweroftheabacus."经过几节算盘课和大量的练习，数学似乎没那么可怕了。我没有成为欧几里得，几何学的奠基人。但这种做法消除了我对数字的恐惧。这是一种久经考验的算盘的力量。可推知，作者从他的学习经历中意识到熟能生巧。故选D。7．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中"Thesewerejustsmallsuccessesforthem,butthatwashowtheyfinallydevelopedconfidence."对他们来说，这些只是小小的成功，但这就是她们最终建立自信的方式；以及"Mykidsgainedmuchaswell.Myyoungestdaughtercouldworkoutthosemathproblemsthatoncebaffledher."孩子们也从算盘中收获良多，最小的女儿也解开了曾经baffled自己的数学题。可知，孩子们学算盘学的不错，获得成功，可得出最小的女儿也解开了曾经打败自己的数学题，画线词baffled意思是"打败"。故选B。【答案】8．D9．B10．C11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了养成一个新的好习惯所需要的时间取决于个人、习惯本身、环境和动机。不要太关注养成一种新习惯所需要的时间长短，而要关注养成这种习惯可能会带来的好处。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。8．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Thetimetoformanewhabitdependsontheperson,thehabititself,theenvironment,andthemotivation.”养成新习惯的时间取决于人、习惯本身、环境和动机。可知，养成不同习惯的时间差别很大。故选D。9．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Idobreakthishabitnowandthen,usuallybychoicetoexperiencesomethingdifferentforawhile.”我确实偶尔会打破这个习惯，通常是选择去体验一段时间不同的东西。可知，作者偶尔打破早起的习惯，通常是为了体验一些不一样的事情。故选B。10．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“NowthatI’minmylate40s,Ihavelearnedtothinkinamorepracticalway.Iknowthatevenifittakesmanymonthsoryearstoformanewhabit,Iamsurethehabitcouldbringadvantagesformanyyears.”现在我快40岁了，我学会了用更实际的方式思考。我知道，即使它需要许多个月或几年来形成一个新习惯，我相信这个习惯可以带来许多年的好处。可知，作者认为这个习惯能带来很多好处，故选C。11．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Iknowthatevenifittakesmanymonthsoryearstoformanewhabit,Iamsurethehabitcouldbringadvantagesformanyyears.”我知道，即使它需要许多个月或几年来形成一个新习惯，我相信这个习惯可以带来许多年的好处。可知，文章围绕习惯展开介绍了影响一个新习惯养成的几点因素及养成好习惯可能带来的好处，应属于教育版块的范畴。故选A。【答案】12．A13．C14．B15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，实验证明狗狗可以嗅出人类的压力。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。12．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Whilepreviousstudieshavesuggesteddogsmightpickuponhumanemotions,"虽然之前的研究表明，狗狗可能会通过嗅觉感知人类的情绪。可知，之前的研究表明狗可以通过嗅觉感知人类的情绪。故选A。13．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"andhercolleaguesreporthowtheyfirstconstructedastandbearingthreecontainers,eachtoppedbyalidwithholes.Theresearcherswereabletotrainfourdogstopointoutthecontainerthatwasholdingaparticularbreathandsweatsampletakenatadifferenttimeofday,evenwhenthelineupincludedunusedgauze(纱布)."她的同事们报告了他们是如何首先建造一个支架的，支架上有三个容器，每个容器的顶部都有一个带孔的盖子。研究人员能够训练四只狗指出在一天中不同时间采集的特定呼吸和汗液样本所在的容器，即使队列中包括未使用的纱布；以及第四段中的"Withtheteamconfidentthatthedogsunderstoodtheapproach"研究小组确信狗狗们理解了这种方法。可推知，研究人员一开始用三个容器是为了确保狗狗理解识别气味的方法。故选C。14．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"‘Itwasprettyamazingtoseethembesoconfidentintellingme‘nope,thesetwothingsdefinitelysmelldifferent','saidWilson.Whileitwasunclearwhatchemicalsthedogswerepickingupon,thestudyshowshumansproduceadifferentodourwhenstressed.Wilsonsaiditwaspossiblethatevenuntrainedpetdogsmightdetectchangesinodourwhenahumanbecamestressed."威尔逊说:"看到他们如此自信地告诉我‘不，这两种东西闻起来肯定不一样'，真是太神奇了。"虽然尚不清楚狗狗闻到了什么化学物质，但研究表明，人类在压力下会产生不同的气味。威尔逊说，即使是未经训练的宠物狗，也有可能在人感到压力时察觉到气味的变化。可推知，ClaraWilson对研究结果是深信不疑的。故选B。15．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Nowresearchershavefoundthathumansproduceadifferentodour（气气味）whenunderpressureanddogscansniffitout."现在，研究人员发现，人类在压力下会发出一种不同的气味，而狗可以嗅出来。可知，本文介绍了实验证明狗狗可以嗅出人类的压力。"当你有压力的时候，狗会嗅出来"可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。【答案】16．C；17．G；18．A；19．B；20．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何维持一段英语对话。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"SohowcanwecontinueaconversationinEnglish?"所以我们如何维持一段英语对话呢？提出一个问题：如何维持一段英语对话？下文是具体的方法，C.Youcantrythefollowingways."你可以尝试以下方法"承上启下，符合语境，故选C。17．根据空前"Listentotheotherpersonattentively,sothatyoucanaskafollow-upquestion."仔细倾听对方，这样你就可以问一个后续的问题。可知，要认真听别人说什么以便提出后续的问题；以及"Forexample,let'ssaytheotherpersontellsyou,‘IjustgotbackfromatriptoCanada.'"例如，假设别人跟你说，"我刚从加拿大旅行归来。"讲述别人提出一个话题，所以空处应是针对别人的话题提出相关问题，G.Youcancontinuewithaquestionusingwhere,what,why,orhow."你可以使用以哪里、什么、为什么或是如何的问题来继续。"符合语境，故选G。18．根据空前"Youcouldjustanswer,‘No,Ihaven't.'"你可以直接回答："不，我没有。"可知，针对别人提出的问题可以直接回答"是"或"不"；以及空后"Youcouldanswer:"No,butIplantoseeitsoon.Howaboutyou?"你可以回答："没有，但是我打算尽快去看。你呢？"可知，此处是提供另一种回答，比起回答"是"或"不"多说一点，A.Or,youcouldsaymore."或者，你可以多说点"引起下文，符合语境，故选A。19．根据空后"Donotworryaboutyourpronunciation."不要担心你的发音；以及"bebraveandspeakinEnglishwithsomeonewhodoesnotlooktoobusy"勇敢些，和那些看起来不太忙的人用英语交谈。可知，本段建议要勇敢说出来，多练习。B.Bebraveandpracticeoften."勇敢一些，多加练习"符合语境。故选B。20．根据空前"WhenyouaretravelinginanEnglish-speakingcountryandhavesomefreetime,bebraveandspeakinEnglishwithsomeonewhodoesnotlooktoobusy."当你在讲英语的国家旅行时，有空就勇敢地跟那些看不上不太忙的人士对话。可知，在说英语的国家旅行时，可以找陌生人对话，E.Whydidyouchoosethedestination?"然后你可能会交到一个新朋友"承接上文，讲述上文做法可能的结果，符合语境，故选E。【答案】21．B；22．A；23．B；24．C；25．D；26．C；27．B；28．D；29．A；30．C；31．D；32．B；33．A；34．D；35．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了电话答录机上的一首诗以及一通打错的电话为Phil和John开启一段特殊友谊的故事。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：他喜欢他为他们写的例子，所以他把它记录在他的答录机上。A.story"故事"；B.example"示例"；C.image"图像"；D.program"程序"。根据上文"46-year-oldPhilBelfiorewasteachinghisstudentshowtowriteapastiche(模仿作品)ofRobertFrost'spoem"可知，此处表示Phil自己仿写了一首诗给学生作范例。故选B。22．句意：他喜欢他为他们写的例子，所以他把它记录在他的答录机上。A.recorded"记录"；B.tested"测试"；C.spread"传播"；D.explained"解释"。根据下文的"hewantedtohearthepoemagain"可知，Phil把自己写的诗录成了电话答录机的留言。故选A。23．句意：这给他带来了不同寻常的友谊。A.vacation"假期"；B.friendship"友谊"；C.lesson"课程"；D.conversation"对话"。根据下文"‘MybestfriendissomeoneI'venotyet15,'saysJohn."可知，此处表示这件事带给Phil带来了一段不寻常的友谊。故选B。24．句意：当Phil从新年假期回来时，他听到了语音留言。A.holidaywishes"节日祝福"；B.latestnews"最新消息"；C.voicemessages"语音留言"；D.courseevaluation"课程评估"。根据上文"onhisansweringmachine"和下文的"onegentlemansaid"可知，Phil度假回来后，开始听电话答录机中的语音信息。故选C。25．句意：他补充道，他非常喜欢这首诗。A.understood"理解"；B.learnt"学习"；C.recommended"推荐"；D.enjoyed"喜欢"。根据下文"hewantedtohearthepoemagain"可知，打错电话的人说他非常喜欢那首诗。故选D。26．句意：然而，几天后电话铃响了。A.Therefore"因此"；B.Instead"代替"；C.However"然而"；D.Moreover"此外"。根据语境可知，Phil听了对方的留言后，笑了笑，没再多想这件事，但是几天过后，那人又打来了电话，前后之间存在转折关系。故选C。27．句意：Phil回忆道："他为打扰我而道歉，但他想再听一遍这首诗。"A.longed"渴望"；B.apologized"道歉"；C.accounted"视为"；D.allowed"允许"。根据语境和常识可知，此处表示Phil回忆说："他为打扰到我道歉，但是他想再听一遍那首诗。"。故选B。28．句意：原来他哥哥的电话号码和Phil的差不多。A.equal"相等的"；B.related"相关的"；C.subject"服从于"；D.close"紧密的"。根据下文"thusthewrongcallhappened"可知，因为Phil的电话号码和他哥哥的很相似，所以他才会打错电话。故选D。29．句意：John打电话最多。A.makes"制作"；B.misses"错过"；C.suggests"建议"；D.expects"期望"。根据下文"Philwillringifalongtimehaspassedandhehasany10toworry."可知，多数时候都是John先打电话。makephonecalls"打电话"。故选A。30．句意：如果过了很长时间他不打来电话，Phil有理由担心，他便会打电话过去。A.problem"问题"；B.time"时间"；C.reason"原因"；D.choice"选择"。根据上文"John9mostcalls."可知，总是John先打来电话，如果长时间他不打来电话，Phil有理由担心，他便会打电话过去。故选C。31．句意：当发生暴风雨或体育赛事时，我们总是互相联系。A.protect"保护"；B.visit"访问"；C.inspire"激发"；D.contact"联系"。根据下文"whenthere'sbeenastormorasportsevent"可知，当发生暴风雨或体育赛事时，他们总是互相联系。故选D。32．句意：渐渐地，他们的谈话变得更加个人化。A.commercial"商业的"；B.personal"私人的"；C.unique"独特的"；D.common"普通"。根据上文"whenthere'sbeenastormorasportsevent"和下文"Wetalkabouthealth,finances"可知，他们的交谈的内容越来越私人化。故选B。33．句意：他们计划两次去拜访彼此，但情况把他们的计划搞砸了。A.crossedup"阻挠"；B.leton"透露"；C.keptto"遵守"；D.consistedof"包括"。根据下文"Theyhaven'tgonetoagameorhadacoffeetogether."根据，有两次他们计划拜访对方，但是现实情况打乱了他们的计划。crossup"搅乱，彻底破坏"。故选A。34．句意：也不介意他们还没有彼此见过，因为拿起电话就足够了。A.forgets"忘记"；B.mentions"提及"；C.imagines"想象"；D.minds"介意"。根据下文的"aspickingupthephoneisenough"可知，他们都不介意没有见过彼此。故选D。35．句意：John说："我最好的朋友是我还没见过的人。"A.heard"听到"；B.thanked"感谢"；C.met"见面"；D.left"离开"。根据语境可知，John和Phil他们两个从来都没有见过面，但是John说他最好的朋友是他尚未见过的人。故选C【答案】36．for；37．that/which；38．Inspired；39．distance；40．a；41．wasmoved；42．extremely；43．astonishing；44．giving；45．are【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一台上演的音乐会，该音乐剧的灵感源自于敦煌壁画《飞天》。

【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及介词，定语从句，非谓语动词，名词，冠词，时态语态，副词，形容词，主谓一致以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，