2025版高考英语二轮复习限时规范训练二十七阅读板块-练速度

PAGE1-限时规范训练(二十七)阅读板块——练速度(满分40分，限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解(30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AINTRODUCTIONChineseGovernmentScholarshipprogramforinternationalstudentsisestablishedbytheMinistryofEducation(MOE)ofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaaimingtopromoteChinesehighereducationbrandonaninternationalbasis.ChinaScholarshipCouncil,entrustedbytheMOE,holdstheresponsibilityofverification(证明),approvalandtheroutinemanagementoftheprogram.SCHOLARSHIPCOVERAGETuition;campusaccommodationfees;medicalinsuranceandamonthlyallowance.APPLICANTS●Applicantsmustbenon­Chinesecitizensandingoodhealth.●Applicantsforamaster'sdegreeprogrammusthaveabachelor'sdegreeandbeunder35.●Applicantsforadoctoraldegreeprogrammusthaveamaster'sdegreeandbeunder40.APPLICATION1．Applyonlineatcampuschina.org2．MailapplicationdocumentstoEastChinaNormalUniversity(ECNU)●AnapplicationformforChineseGovernmentScholarship.●Thehighestdiplomaandacademictranscripts(学生成果单)(notarizedphotocopies).DocumentsinlanguagesotherthanChineseorEnglishmustbeattachedwithnotarized(经过公证的)translationinChineseorEnglish.●Aresearchplan.Itisrequiredtobenomorethan800words.●Recommendationletters.ApplicantsforpostgraduatestudiesmustsubmittwolettersofrecommendationinChineseorEnglishbyprofessorsorassociateprofessors.●AphotocopyofForeignerPhysicalExaminationForm.Pleaseselecttheappropriatetimetotakemedicalexaminationasitisvalidforonly180days.●TheHSK(ChineseProficiencyTest)certificate.●Theprocessingfee.Thebankwirereceiptshouldbeenclosedintheapplicationpackage.3．ApplicationdateYourapplicationdocumentsshouldreachtheInternationalStudentsOfficeofECNUbyApril30th.APPROVALANDNOTIFICATIONTheresultwillbepostedonlineat：//lxs.ecnu.edu.cnbytheendofJune.[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了中国为国际学生设立的中国政府奖学金项目的详细状况。1．Whatdoweknowabouttheprogram?A．Thereisnoagelimitforapplicants.B．TheapplicationisdueonJune30th.C．Itisonlyforinternationalstudents.D．Therearetwowebsitesforapplication.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段第一句“ChineseGovernmentScholarshipprogramforinternationalstudents...onaninternationalbasis.”可知，这个项目只针对国际学生。故选C。答案：C2．Whatwillapplicantshavetopayaccordingtothetext?A．Tuition.B．Processingfees.C．Alllivingcosts.D．Medicalexaminationcharge.解析：细微环节理解题。依据APPLICATION部分中的“Theprocessingfee.Thebankwirereceipt...package.”可知，申请者需支付手续费。答案：B3．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Longerresearchplansarepreferred.B．TheHSKcertificateisvalidforonly180days.C．Governmentofficialsgiverecommendationletters.D．EducationcertificatesinChineseorEnglishareaccepted.解析：推理推断题。依据APPLICATION部分中的“Documentsinlanguages...inChineseorEnglish.”可推知，英语或汉语版本的教化证书都是可以接受的。答案：DBInthefarcornerofthefrontyardofalargehouseinFloridarestsanRV—RecreationalVehicle(活动房屋式旅游车),shadedbytreesasclothingonanearbylineswaysinthebreeze.InthisRV,NationalGeographicexplorerThomasCulhaneliveswithhiswife,Enas,almostentirelyoffthegrid—alifestylewithoutrelyingonelectricitysupply.Culhanebeganlivingoffthegridinthelate1990s,whenhewentintothebasementofhisapartmentbuildinginLosAngelesandpulledtheplugthatdeliveredelectricity.Evenearlierthough,hewasfirstinspiredbysustainablelivingduringatripin1970tovisithisrelatives.Hewaseightyearsoldandworriedthathisstayintheirsmallvillagewasgoingtobemiserablebecausehisrelativestoldhimtheyhadnoairconditioningorelectricity—buttheyhadplentyoffreshfruitsfromorchards(果园)andlotsofcolddrinkschilledbytheicystreamfromtheicecapsofthenearbymountain.“Thisisamazing，”saysCulhane.HemetEnaswhenshewaslivinginanecovillageinPortugal.Enassaidshelikedthefeelingofbeinglow­impact,ofbeingvirtuallyharmlesstotheearth.Culhanewasimpressedandfellinlovewithher.Thecouplegotmarried,livingonthesamepropertythattheycurrentlyhave.Theymovedintotheirfirsthometogether—anRVwhichtheypromptlytookcompletelyoff­grid.InsidetheirRV,CulhaneandEnashavehotshowers,aworkinggasstove,arefrigerator,awashingmachineandabigscreenTV.Theyusegascreatedbytheiron­sitebiodigesters(生物煮解器)tocookonagas­poweredstove.Theyalsouseenergycreatedbythebiodigesterstoheattheirbathwater.Theyfeedthebiodigestersusingtheirownfoodwaste—atnoadditionalcosttotheearth.Sometimesonweekends,theRVisturnedintoaclassroom.Thecouplehostworkshopstoletthecommunitymembersandstudentsknowlivinganoff­gridlifeisgettingeasierandteachthemhowtorespectandcoexistpeacefullywiththeenvironment.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲解并描述了Culhane和Enas这对夫妇在活动房屋式旅游车中自给自足的生活。4．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph2?A．Addsomebackgroundinformation.B．Summarizethepreviousparagraph.C．Providesomeadviceforthereaders.D．Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.解析：推理推断题。依据其次段的内容可推知，本段主要介绍了Culhane居住在活动房屋式旅游车里之前的一些背景信息。答案：A5．WhatattractedCulhanemostwhenhefirstmetEnas?A．Hermarriageproperty.B．Theircommonlifebelief.C．Thebeautyofherecovillage.D．Herexperienceofexploration.解析：推理推断题。依据第三段中的“Enassaidshelikedthefeelingofbeinglow­impact,ofbeingvirtuallyharmlesstotheearth.Culhanewasimpressedandfellinlovewithher.”可推知，当Culhane第一次见到Enas的时候，最吸引他的是他们共同的人生信念。答案：B6．Whatdothebiodigestersproduce?A．Foodwaste.B．Additionalcosts.C．Greenhousegases.D．Alternativeenergy.解析：细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中的“Theyusegas...toheattheirbathwater.”可知，生物煮解器可产生替代能源。答案：D7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AnRVClassroomB．LivingofftheGridC．GettingClosetoNatureD．ProtectingtheEnvironment解析：标题归纳题。通读全文内容，尤其是第一段最终一句中的“...ThomasCulhaneliveswithhiswife,Enas,almostentirelyoffthegrid—alifestylewithoutrelyingonelectricitysupply.”其次段第一句中的“Culhanebeganlivingoffthegridinthelate1990s...”和最终一段中的“Thecouplehostworkshopstoletthecommunitymembersandstudentsknowlivinganoff­gridlifeisgettingeasier...”可知，本文主要讲解并描述了Culhane和Enas这对夫妇完全脱离电力供应，住在活动房屋式旅游车中的自给自足的生活。故选B。答案：BCNothingsucceedslikesuccess,aseveryparentofastraight­Astudentknows,buttryingtostressacademicexcellencebytellingyourchild“You'resosmart！”maybecounterproductive.Why?Accordingtoa2024study,childrenwhothinktheirintelligenceisfixedarelesslikelytopayattentiontoandbounceback(重整旗鼓)frommistakesthanchildrenwhothinkintelligencecangrowandchange.Inthestudy,researcherslookedat123children.Theteamassessedthechildrentodeterminewhethertheyhada“growthmindset”(believingthatyoucanworkhardertogetsmarter),ora“fixedmindset”(believingthatyourintelligenceisunabletochange).Theythenaskedthechildrentocompleteafast­pacedcomputeraccuracytaskwhiletheirbrainactivitywasrecorded.Duringtherecording,researchersnotedthatbrainactivitystoppedwithinahalf­secondaftermakingamistake,aschildrenbecameawareoftheirmistakeandpaidcloserattentiontowhatwentwrong.Thelargerthebrainresponsewas,themorethechildfocusedonthemistake.Basedonthedata,theyconcludedthatchildrenwitha“growthmindset”weremuchmorelikelytohavealargerbrainresponseaftermakingamistake.Whilechildrenwitha“fixedmindset”wereableto“bounceback”，onlyiftheygavetheirfullattentiontothemistake.Forparents,thelessonsareclear:Don'tpayyourchildrencomplimentsthatsuggestthatintelligenceisfixed.IfyourchildrenhandsyouanA＋score,don'tsay,“You'resosmart！”Instead,say,“Wow,thatstudyingreallypaidoff！”or“Youclearlymasteredthismaterial—waytogo！”Notetheeffort,nottheintelligence.Besides,manyparentsshyawayfromaddressingtheirchildren'smistakes,tellingthem“It'sOK.You'llgetitthenexttime”withoutofferingthemthechancestofigureoutwhatgoeswrong.Instead,it'sbettertoreassureyourchildrenthatmistakeshappen,andworktofigureoutwhereandhowtheymakethemistake.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了父母要留意孩子的努力而非智力，在孩子犯错后，父母要引导孩子正确地对待错误。8．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“counterproductive”underlinedinparagraph1?A．Opposite. B．Competitive.C．Successful. D．Unknown.解析：词义揣测题。依据第一段最终一句“Accordingtoa2024study，childrenwhothinktheirintelligenceisfixedarelesslikelytopayattentiontoandbouncebackfrommistakesthanchildrenwhothinkintelligencecangrowandchange.”可知，依据2024年的一项探讨，那些认为自己的智力是固定的孩子比那些认为智力是可以成长和变更的孩子更不行能将留意力集中于错误，并从错误中振作起来。再结合语境可推知，画线词与A项“相反的”含义相近。答案：A9．Howdidthechildrenwitha“growthmindset”reactinthestudy?A．Theymadefewermistakes.B．Theytriedtoavoidmistakes.C．Theyhadasmallerbrainresponse.D．Theyfocusedmoreonthemistake.解析：推理推断题。依据其次段倒数第三句“Thelargerthebrainresponsewas,themorethechildfocusedonthemistake.”和倒数其次句“Basedonthedata,theyconcludedthatchildrenwitha‘growthmindset’weremuchmorelikelytohavealargerbrainresponseaftermakingamistake.”可推知，具有“成长思维模式”的孩子更加关注其所犯的错误。答案：D10．Whatshouldbeavoidedaccordingtothestudy?A．Overstressingtheintelligence.B．Payingchildrencompliments.C．Addressingchildren'smistakes.D．Offeringchancestofindmistakes.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段最终一句“Notetheeffort,nottheintelligence.”可知，应避开过分强调智力。答案：A11．Whatshouldparentssaywhenchildrenmakeamistakeaccordingtothetext?A．Youaresocareless.B．Yourstudyingpaidoff.C．You'llgetitthenexttime.D．Let'sfindouthowyoumadeit.解析：细微环节理解题。依据文章最终一句“Instead，it'sbettertoreassureyourchildrenthatmistakeshappen,andworktofigureoutwhereandhowtheymakethemistake.”可知，当孩子犯错误时，父母应与孩子一起弄清错的地方以及如何犯错的。答案：DDWheretherearehumans,therearehousesparrows.Butdespitetheirsuggestivespeciesname,Passerdomesticus,theyaren'tofficiallydomesticated.Thebold,tinyandgray­and­brownbirdsarefoundoneverycontinentexceptAntarctica,hoppingaroundcities,pecking(啄)atleftoverfoodonsidewalks,andsometimeschasingawaynativebirdspecies.Thehousesparrowshaveadaptedtolivingalongsidehumans,butthisfriendlybehaviortohumansislegendary.Nooneknewwhatsetthemapartfromtheotherwildmembersofthesparrowfamily.Lookingforageneticexplanation,MarkRavinet,anevolutionarybiologistandhiscolleaguescaughtdozensofsparrowsatsitesacrossEurope.Theysetupmistnetsthatharmlesslytrappedthebirdsastheyflewinside—measuredandtaggedthebirds,drewbloodsamples,andthenreleasedthem.Backinthelab,theysequencedthebirds'DNA.Theyfoundthatthehousesparrow'sgenesofmanyregionsappearedtohaveexperiencedpositiveselection,helpingthebirdslivealongsidehumans.Theevolutionaryprocessofnaturalselectionmayhavefavoredgeneticchangesthatalteredtheirskullshapeandallowedthemtoeatfoodwithstarch(淀粉)—similartodomesticatedanimalslikedogs.Themostsignificantsignofpositiveselectioninthebirds'DNAwasfoundinaregionwithtwoknowngenes:oneislinkedtoskulldevelopmentandanotherhelpscreatetheamylase(淀粉酶),whichhelpsbreakdownstarchinhumans,dogsandotherdomesticatedanimals.Changestobothgenesmighthavehelpedthehousesparrowseathuman­cultivatedfoods.AnotherevolutionarybiologistSamuelAndrewsaystheworkisanexcitingnewstepforbirdresearchersthatcouldanswermanyquestionsabouthowsparrowspeciesadaptedtodifferentconditions.ButheandRavinetagreetheremaybechangestoothergenesthatweremissedinthisinitialanalysis,yetstillhelpedthebirdstakeadvantageofhumans.“Ifyouliveinamajorcity,therearemoreanimalsaroundyouthanyourealize，”Ravinetsays.“Theyhaveahistoryandastorytotell.”[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。通过主动的基因选择，家雀适应了现在的生存环境。12．Whatdoweknowaboutthehousesparrowsfromparagraph1?A．Theyaredomesticated.B．Theyareveryfriendly.C．Theyarewell­adapted.D．Theyareararespecies.解析：推理推断题。依据第一段中的“Thebold，tiny...onsidewalks...”和“Thehousesparrowshaveadaptedtolivingalongsidehumans...”可推知，家雀的适应实力很强。答案：C13．WhatisthepurposeofRavinet'sresearch?A．Toexperiencepositiveselection.B．Toconfirmthespeciesnameofhousesparrows.C．Tocomparehousesparrowswithotherdomesticanimals.D．Togeneticallyexplainhousesparrows'friendlybehavior.解析：推理推断题。依据第一段中的“...butthisfriendlybehaviortohumansislegendary.Nooneknewwhatsetthemapartfromtheotherwildmembersofthesparrowfamily.”及其次段中的“Lookingforageneticexplanation...”可推知，Ravinet的探讨的目的是想从基因上说明家雀具有友好行为的缘由。答案：D14．Whyistheamylaseimportanttogeneticchange?A．Becauseithelpsdigeststarch.B．Becauseallanimalscancreateit.C．Becauseitpromotesskulldevelopment.D．Becauseitcansequenceanimals'DNA.解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“...whichhelpsbreakdown...eathuman­cultivatedfoods.”可知，这种淀粉酶对基因变更重要的缘由是它有助于消化淀粉。答案：A15．Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A．Housesparrows'historyislegendary.B．Housesparrowstakeadvantageofhumans.C．Theskullshapedeterminesanimals'evolution.D．PositiveselectioninDNAleadstobiologicalevolution.解析：推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Theyfoundthatthehousesparrow'sgenesofmanyregionsappearedtohaveexperiencedpositiveselection...similartodomesticatedanimalslikedogs.”和第三段中的“...theworkisanexcitingnewstepforbirdresearchersthatcouldanswermanyquestionsabouthowsparrowspeciesadaptedtodifferentconditions.”可推知，主动的基因选择会引起生物的进化。答案：DⅡ.阅读七选五(10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。VARtechnologyhasbeenusedinU.S.sportsforyears.Nowitisfullycombinedwiththeglobalgameoffootballandmadeitsdebut(首次亮相)atthe2024WorldCup.16.Itisactuallyateamwhoworktogethertoreviewcertaindecisionsmadebythemainreferee(裁判)bywatchingvideoreplays.TheVARteamsupporttherefereesfromacentralizedvideooperationroom.Theoperatorsselectandprovidethebestanglesfromrelevantbroadcastcamerasplustwoadditionaloffsidecameras.17.Theywillcommunicatewiththerefereeonlyforclearandobviouserrorsorseriousmissedincidents.TherefereecandelaytherestartofplayatanytimetocommunicatewiththeVARteam.