2025高考英语大二轮专题强化练高考题型组合练作业22　文学与艺术类说明文

2025高考英语大二轮专题强化练高考题型组合练作业22文学与艺术类说明文作业22文学与艺术类说明文(每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)A(2023·新课标Ⅱ)Asanartistwhosharesherjourneyonsocialmedia，I’moftenaskedbycuriousfollowershowtobeginanartjourney.Unfortunately，thereisnomagiclistIcanoffer.Idoremember，though，whatitwasliketobeacompletebeginner.SoI’veputtogethersomegoodtipsforstartinganartjourney.·Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook(素描本)forsmall①studies.Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybea②springboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.1You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou’vecome.·Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There’snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes，portraits，orlandscapes，paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.2·Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.3Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Welcometotheclub；we’veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.·4Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反馈)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand，inturn，havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected，nomattermylevelofartisticability.Thejourneyyou’reonwon’tfollowastraightpath.5Pushthrough，giveittimeandputintheeffort.Youwillharvesttherewardsofanartisticlife.A．Getoutofyourcomfortzone.B．Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C．Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D．Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E．You’llhitroadblocks，andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F．Evaluateyourperformanceand，ifneeded，③redefineyourrole.G．You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithrepetition.语境猜词①study熟义：v.学习，研究生义(文义)：n.②springboard(合)＝spring＋board③redefine(派)＝re＋defineB(2022·新课标Ⅱ)Writinganessayisadifficultprocessformostpeople.However，theprocesscanbemadeeasierifyoulearntopracticethreesimpletechniques.1Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay，putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.Staylooseandfree.2Don’tworryaboutgrammarorspelling.Eventhoughthistechniquewon’tworkforeveryone，ithelpsmanypeoplegetagoodstoreofideastodrawon.Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.3Yet，bylearningtolivewith①imperfection，youwillsaveyourselfheadachesanda②wastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled(弄皱)paper.Thinkofyourfirstdraftasapathcutoutofthejungle—aspartofanexploration，notasacompletehighway.Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple-spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforrevision.4Asaresult，thesewritersnevergetinthehabitof③crossingoutchunks(大块)oftheirdraftandwritingrevisionsintheblankspace.Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore，youcanenteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.5Theresultingblankspaceinvitesyoutorevise.A．Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.B．Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.C．Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.D．Firstofall，learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.E．Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.F．Manybeginningwritersdon’tleaveenoughspacetorevise.G．Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft，againsettingyourtextontriple-space.语境猜词①imperfection(派)＝im＋perfect＋ion②wastepaper(合)＝waste＋paper③crossoutC(2024·广东深圳一模)Artcomesintwomaincategories:realisticandabstract.Realisticartaimstoshowreal-lifescenes，people，andobjectsexactlyastheyappear.Itinvolvespayingcloseattentiontodetails，makingthingslooklikephotographs.1It’smoreaboutexpressingfeelings，emotions，andideas.Realisticartiseasytounderstand.Viewerscaneasilyrecognizewhatisportrayed.TaketheMonaLisa，forexample—it’sarealisticpaintingofaladywithamysterioussmile.2Theyhelpustolearnaboutthepast.Unlikerealisticart，abstractartismoreaboutbeingcreative.3Theyuseshapes，colorsandpatternstoexpressfeelingsandideas.Abstractartmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Somepeopleenjoytryingtofigureoutwhattheartworkconveys.4Realisticartneedsprecisionindrawingorsculptingtomakethingslookreal.Abstractartrequiresimaginationtouseshapesandcolorsinnewways.Manyartistsareskilledinboth.Theycreaterealisticpiecestodemonstratetheirtechnicalskillsandabstractonestodisplaytheir①creativity.Asforpersonalpreference，somepeopleprefertheclearstoriesofrealisticartwhileothersareattractedtothemysteryofabstractart，interpretingmeaningsintheshapesandforms.Together，thetwokindsofartmaketheartworlddiverseand②engaging.5A．Bothtypesofarttakeskillstomake.B．Photographspreservefacesoffolksfromlongago.C．Graspingabstractartdemandsmoreartistictraining.D．Bothwaysofcreatingarthavetheirownvalueandbeauty.E．Incontrast，abstractartfocuseslessonrealisticappearances.F．Artworkslikethistellstoriesabouthistoryandeverydaylife.G．Artistshavethefreedomtogobeyondreal-life③representations.语境猜词①creativity(派)＝creativ(e)＋ity②engaging(派)＝engag(e)＋ing③representation(派)＝represent＋ation语境猜词答案A．①(绘画的)试画②跳板；出发点③重新定义，重新界定B．①不完美；瑕疵②废纸；纸屑③划掉C．①创造力，独创性②迷人的，吸引人的③表现答案精析A1.C2.G3.A4.D5.EB1.D2.B3.E4.F5.GC1.E2.F3.G4.A5.D作业23人与自然及环境类说明文(每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)A(2024·湖南邵阳二模)Coralreefsaretherainforestsoftheocean.Theyexistonvastscalesandareequallyimportanthavens(避风港)ofbiodiversity.Reefsoccupy0.1%oftheoceans.12Withouttheprotectionwhichreefsaffordfromcrashingwaves，①low-lyingislandssuchastheMaldiveswouldhavefloodedlongago，andabillionpeoplewouldlosefoodorincome.However，reefsareunderthreatfromrisingseatemperatures.Heatcausesthealgae(海藻)withwhichcoralsarelivingtogethertogeneratetoxins(毒素)thatforcethosecoraltoleave.Thiscancauseacoral’sdeath.Researchgroupsaroundtheworldarecomingupwithplansofactiontoseeifthatwillhelp，suchasidentifyingnaturally②heat-resistantcoralsand③cross-breedingsuchcoralstocreateanewtype.3Withoutcarbonreductionanddeclineinlocal，coral-killingpollution，evenresistantcoralswillnotsurvivethecentury.Doubtersdoubthumanitywillgetitsacttogetherintimetomakemuchdifference.4Carbontargetsarebeingsetandoceanpollutionisbeingdealtwith.Countriesthatshareresponsibilitiesforreefsarestartingtoacttogether.Scientificworkaroundscanalsobefound.Naturalcurrentscanbeappliedtofacilitatemassbreeding.Sitesofthegreatestecologicalandeconomicalimportancecanbeidentifiedtomaximizebangforbuck.Thismixofnaturalactivityandhumaninterventionisimportant.5Hard-coregreens—thosewhothinkthatallhabitatsshouldbekeptunspoiled—maynotapprove.Butwhenentireecosystemsarefacingdestruction，thecostofdoingnothingistoogreattobear.A．Coralsareusefultopeople.B．Butthereare④groundsforoptimism.C．Andtheyhostaquarterofmarinespecies.D．Itcouldserveasablueprintforotherecosystems.E．Coral’sglobalecosystemservicesareworthupto$10trnayear.F．Thisresearchcanalsobebroughttobearontryingtosaveentireecosystems.G．However，theassistedevolutionofcoralsdoesnotmeetwithuniversalenthusiasm.语境猜词①low-lying(合)＝low＋lying②heat-resistant(合)＝heat＋resistant③cross-breed(合)＝cross＋breed④ground熟义：n.地，地面生义(文义)：n.B(2024·湖北七市州二模)MynameisMcKenzieSkilesandI’masnowhydrologist(水文学家)attheUniversityofUtahinSaltLakeCity.1Actually，thepurposeistotrackdust’simpactonwaterresources.Iammostinterestedintheimpactofwarmingtemperaturesonsnowmeltingrates，andIhavestartedstudyingsnowmeltsince2009inUtahandColorado.WhenIskiedtoresearchsitesinUtahtocollectsnowformyexperiment，the①mountainouslandscapeswerecoveredindust.2It’sclearthat2009wasoneofthebiggestyearsfordustdeposition(沉积)ontosnow.3Iusuallyhavetocoverseveralkilometers，carryinga27-kilogrammepackwithashovel(铲子)todigasnowhole，toolstocutsnowandmeasureitsdensity，andcontainerstocollectsnowforanalyses.Oneyear，Ihitadustyareaofsnow，brokemyskiandslicedmylegopen.Inareaswithheavydustdeposition，suchasthesouthernRockyMountains，dustspeedsupmeltingbyoneortwomonths.Warmingairtemperaturesaffectsnowgathering，butdustbuildsupovertimeand②darkensthesurface.4I’mnowexploringdifferenticeandsnowlandscapesforfurtherresearch.Forexample，howblack-carbonbuildupfollowingforestfiresaffectsmelting.5Aswemoveintoafuturethatislikelytobeevendustier，weneedthemtopredictsnowmeltformanyreasons，includingworkingouthowtousewaterinthewesternUnitedStatesefficiently.A．Thedustcausedalotoftrouble.B．Iwentformilesinthewilderness.C．Doingmyresearchisnoeasytask.D．Oneofthegoalsistodevelopsnowmeltmodels.E．InColorado，thereddustfromdesertsoilshadalsoblownin.F．Asaresult，thesnowwillabsorbmoresunlightandquickenmelting.G．Myjobistoskiinthewildernesstomeasuredustontopofsnoweachspring.语境猜词①mountainous(派)＝mountain＋ous②darken(派)＝dark＋enC(2024·江西萍乡一模)NewAnimalsInnorthernVietnam，inthickforestsintheNorthAnnamiteMountains，thereisawildlifeparkcalledVuQuang.In1986，theareawasmadeanofficialforestreserve.In2002,550squarekilometersoftheareaweredeclaredaNationalPark.1Itisinanareathatishardtogetto，foronething.Andit’sanareathat’sdifficulttowalkthroughbecausetherocksarecoveredwithalgaeandarevery①slippery.2Inthelasttwentyyears，severalnewspeciesofanimalsthathaveneverbeenseenanywhereintheworldbeforehavebeendiscoveredthere.Someofthemaresonewthatscientistshaven’tgiventhemofficialnamesyet!ThenewanimalsdiscoveredattheparkincludetheVuQuangoxorSaola，a“slow”deer，agiantmuntjac(theworld’slargest，infact)，ablackdeeranda“holy”goat.3TheSaolawasthefirstnewspeciesoflargemammaltobediscoveredinmorethanfiftyyears，soitcausedalotofexcitementinthescientificworld.4Ithashornsthatcanbebetweenoneandtwofeetlong，andthatseemtocomeoutoftheanimal’sheadatslightlydifferentangles.That’swhyitiscalled“Saola”，meaning“spinningwheelposts”inVietnamese.ThecreaturehadhiddensafelyforgenerationsintheVuQuangarea.Butonceitwasdiscovered，itwasindanger.5Sadly，theSaolaisnowbeinghuntedandmaywellendupasanother②endangeredspecies.A．That’swhyitattractshunters.B．VuQuangisnoordinarypark，though.C．Huntershavenorespectfornewspecies.D．Butthat’snotallthatisunusualaboutVuQuang.E．Fivenewspeciesoffishhavealsobeenfoundthere.F．Thiswasthefirsttimesomanynewspecieshadbeenfoundinthisarea.G．Itisastrangegoat-likecreaturethatlooksasifitissomehowrelatedtocattle.语境猜词①slippery(派)＝slip＋per＋y②endangered(派)＝en＋danger＋ed语境猜词答案A．①低洼的②抗热的，耐热的③使杂交，杂交繁育④充分的理由B．①多山的②使变暗，变黑C．①湿滑的，容易打滑的②(动植物)濒危的答案精析A1.C2.A3.G4.B5.DB1.G2.E3.C4.F5.DC1.B2.D3.E4.G5.C作业24生活与学习类记叙文完形填空记叙文类文体解读文章内容记叙文通常讲述一个事件或故事，具有明显的故事性和情节性，使得文章易于理解。这类文章明确包含时间、地点、人物、故事的发生、发展和结局等六个要素。叙述手法记叙文多按照时间顺序来展开情节和内容，有时也会采用倒叙或者插叙的手法，以增加文章的吸引力。命题特点侧重语篇，注重语境，突出对文章的理解，关注情节发展的内在逻辑关系。命题还关注各种线索，如人物线索、时间线索等。完形填空记叙文类解题技法(每小题1分，满分30分)A(2024·河北邯郸三模)Dr.FrancisCollinsisoneofAmerica’sleadingscientists.Inaninterview，Dr.Collinswasaskediftherewasanyspecialsparkoranymomentinparticularthat1himtopursuealifeofscience.Dr.Collins2thatinfacttherewas.Hesaidthatwhenhewasinhighschool，onthefirstdayofhisfirstsciencecourse，theteacherhandedeachstudentabox3.Theboxesweresealedontheoutsideandhollowontheinside.Buteachbox4something.AndasyoungCollinsturnedtheboxonitssideandturneditaround，hecould5somethingrollingaroundinside.Whatwasit?Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheir6wastodeterminewhatwasinsidethebox.Theycould7anykindoftestoraskanykindofquestionthatwouldleadthemtofindoutwhatwasinsidethebox.Buttheycouldn’t8thebox.Theyhadtofirstfindwaysto9whatwasinthebox.“That’swhat10is，”theteachercarefully11，“beingcurious，andthinkingofquestionstoask，untilyoufindouttheanswer.”Dr.Collinswas12.Hesaidthatthatdayinclasscompletely13hislife.Fromthenon，hewas14tospendingalifeinscience，wherehisjobwastobe15andasklotsofquestions.1.A.forcedB．inspiredC．orderedD．requested2．A.doubtedB．recognizedC．imaginedD．replied3．A.carefullyB．hurriedlyC．secretlyD．impatiently4．A.representedB．meantC．containedD．told5．A.seeB．hearC．fancyD．monitor6．A.campaignB．desireC．ambitionD．assignment7．A.avoidB．designC．passD．mark8．A.openB．rollC．throwD．hit9．A.pickupB．drawonC．figureoutD．stickto10．A.experimentB．scienceC．educationD．study11．A.answeredB．apologizedC．arguedD．explained12．A.attractedB．confusedC．frightenedD．disappointed13．A.controlledB．improvedC．savedD．changed14．A.opposedB．exposedC．committedD．used15．A.curiousB．smartC．generousD．optimisticB(2024·安徽安庆二模)Mytwo-year-olddaughterwasplayingwithgroceriesinmyshoppingcart.Agentlemanstoodbehindmewiththree1.Helookedathiswatchandme.Whilemydaughterwas2well，Iknewshecouldn’tstaythereanylonger.Themanobviouslywasina3，andhe’dbebehindmealongtime.I4tolethimgofirst.“Thankyou，”hereplied5，steppingaheadofme.Hisfacelitupwith6.Whenthelinemovedforward，Istarted7mycart.AsIhurriedlyopenedmypurse，myheart8：Iforgottobringmybankcard.Thegentlemanhadpaidandwas9hisgroceries.“CanIjustputmy10onthesideandgohometotakemycard？”Iaskedthecashierina11voice.Thegentlemansaid，“I’llpayforherorder.”ButI12，havingover$250worthofgroceries.“Youcanjustsendmeacheck，”he13.“That’stoomuchofacartripforthelittlegirl.”Iwasalwayswillingtohelpothers.However，therewasanewfeelingI14whenIgothelpfromothers.Iwasshockedthatacompletestrangerwould15anotherwithaloanofthatamount.1．A.toysB．bagsC．itemsD．dollars2．A.behavingB．studyingC．eatingD．resting3．A.panicB．hurryC．messD．mood4．A.failedB．offeredC．agreedD．promised5．A.patientlyB．constantlyC．appreciativelyD．eventually6．A.respectB．confidenceC．determinationD．pleasure7．A.unloadingB．unfoldingC．unwrappingD．uncovering8．A.achedB．brokeC．beatD．sank9．A.pickingupB．lookingoverC．handingoutD．givingaway10．A.purseB．cardC．daughterD．stuff11．A.annoyedB．discouragedC．confusedD．astonished12．A.hesitatedB．panickedC．regrettedD．rejected13．A.confirmedB．jokedC．smiledD．insisted14．A.rememberedB．fearedC．experiencedD．shared15．A.trustB．praiseC．thankD．reward答案精析A语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了柯林斯博士上高中时的一堂科学课，它彻底改变了他的人生轨迹，从那时起他就致力于科学研究。1．B[force迫使；inspire鼓舞；order命令；request要求。根据上文“anyspecialsparkor”以及下文“himtopursuealifeofscience”并结合最后一段内容可知，柯林斯博士被问及是否有任何特别的火花或任何特别的时刻激励他追求科学。故选B。]2．D[doubt怀疑；recognize认出；imagine想象；reply回复，回答。根据上文“Inaninterview，Dr.Collinswasaskedif”可知，柯林斯博士对该问题回答说，事实上是有的。故选D。]3．C[carefully认真地；hurriedly匆匆地；secretly秘密地，神秘地；impatiently不耐烦地。根据下文“Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheirwastodeterminewhatwasinsidethebox.”可知，老师让学生自己去查明盒子里有什么，可推知是神秘地递给每个学生一个盒子。故选C。]4．C[represent代表；mean意味着；contain包含；tell告诉。根据下文“AndasyoungCollinsturnedtheboxonitssideandturneditaround，hecouldsomethingrollingaroundinside.”可知，每个盒子里都装着东西。故选C。]5．B[see看；hear听；fancy想象；monitor监测。根据上文“Theboxesweresealed”可知，盒子被密封了，所以只能听到里面有东西在滚动。故选B。]6．D[campaign战役；desire愿望；ambition抱负；assignment任务。根据下文“todeterminewhatwasinsidethebox”可知，老师告诉学生他们的任务是确定盒子里是什么。故选D。]7．B[avoid避免；design设计，构思；pass通过；mark标记。要弄清楚盒子里面到底是什么，他们可以设计任何一种测试。故选B。]8．A[open打开；roll滚动；throw扔；hit打击。根据But可知，他们可以用测试或提问的方式，但不能直接打开盒子。故选A。]9．C[pickup拾起；drawon利用；figureout弄清楚；stickto坚持。根据上文“Theycouldanykindoftestoraskanykindofquestionthatwouldleadthemtofindoutwhatwasinsidethebox.”可知，他们必须先想办法弄清楚盒子里是什么。故选C。]10．B[experiment实验；science科学；education教育；study学习。根据上文“hisfirstsciencecourse”可知，老师在解释科学。故选B。]11．D[answer回答；apologize道歉；argue争论；explain解释。由上文“That’swhatis”和下文“beingcurious...theanswer”可知，此处指老师认真解释道。故选D。]12．A[attract吸引；confuse使困惑；frighten使惊吓；disappoint使失望。根据下文“Fromthenon，hewastospendingalifeinscience”可知，柯林斯博士之后一直从事科学，所以是被吸引住了。故选A。]13．D[control控制；improve提高；save挽救；change改变。根据下文“Fromthenon，hewastospendingalifeinscience”可知，那一天彻底改变了他的生活。故