阅读理解之记叙文-2023年中考英语复习专练（原卷版）

专项五中考题型

重难点26阅读理解之记叙文

知识梳理

1.材料特点

人物故事类的阅读理解是中考英语的常考材料之一。这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。

i.i.人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，其特

点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。

1.2.短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人

物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因

和后果的推测等方面着手，考查考生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。

2.解题技巧

2.1.阅读人物传记类文章时应该抓住时间线索来获取有关信息，即主人翁在某个时间做过什么，然后

通过分析推理、综合归纳的方法进行解题。

2.2.阅读短篇故事类材料时，同学们一定要根据主要情节掌握文章主旨大意，同时抓住每一个细节，

设身处地地根据文章内容揣摩作者的态度和意图，根据情节展开想象，这样的话即使是深层理解题也可迎

刃而解。

3.满分技巧

3.1.主旨题

解题技巧为：找主题句。应先通读全文，理解大意，充分理解主题句的意义。主题句通常出现在短文第一

句或最后一句。

3.2.细节题

解题技巧为：快速捕捉信息，尤其是一些事例、数字等，划出相关句子，进行对照。

3.3.推断题

解题技巧为：寻找线索，悟出字里行间的意思。

3.4.猜测词义题

解题技巧为：通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义。

命题趋势

中考阅读理解题主要考查学生的语篇阅读能力、分析和判断能力。要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短

文大意，获取其中的主要信息，能做出正确判断，然后根据试题的要求从三个或四个选项中选出最佳答案。

文章的难易程度和初三课文基本相同，要求阅读速度为每分钟40-50个词。主要涉及到记叙文，说明文，应

用文等。

典例解析

（2022・江苏盐城•统考中考真题）

Maggie,TravisandLucy'sscienceteachersetaspecialtestforthem.Theyhadtoworkoutdifferentkindsof

problemswithinlimitedtimetogetoutofalockedroom.

Forthepasthour,Maggie,TravisandLucyhadbeenlockedinsidearoomdecoratedlikeamadscientisfs

laboratory.Togethertheydecoded（破译）asecretlanguageandsolvedadifficultmathsproblem.

Thelastchallenge,however,stoppedthem.Thekeytothedoorwastrappedinablockofice.

“Wehavetomelttheice,“Lucysaid.

“Butthere9snothinghothere!”Maggiecomplained.

Travispulledoffhissweatshirtandwrapped（裹）itaroundtheice."ThiskeepsmewarmJhereasoned.

Afewminutespassedby,buttheicedidn'tmelt.

“Isn'tclothaninsulator（Pi%热材料）？“Lucyasked.Shetriedtorememberwhatshehadlearnedinscience

class.a4Heatalwaysflowsfromwarmobjectstocoldones.Theheatintheairwilleventuallymelttheice,butwe

needtofindsomethingthatwillhelpheatmovefromtheairtotheicemorequickly.

“Whataboutglass?”Maggieasked.

“Glassisalsoaninsulator.Itkeepsheatfrommoving,Lucysaid.Thenshenoticedalargemetaltray（金属托

盘）acrosstheroom.t4Thismightwork!”

Lucyputtheblockoficeontothetray.Everybody'seyesmovedbetweentheclockandtheice.Wouldtheybe

abletofreethekeyintime?

Atlast,thekeylayinthewateronthetray.Thethreefriendsrushedoutoftheroominthelastminute.

“Wemadeit!”Travischeered.t6Goodthingyoupaidattentioninscienceclass!,?

1.Whatfinalchallengedidthethreefriendsneedtocomplete?

A.Tosolveamathsproblem.B.Tolearnasecretlanguage.

C.Tofindtheirscienceteacher.D.Togetthekeytrappedinice.

2.WhatdoesTravismeanbysaying"Thiskeepsmewarm^^?

A.Hissweatshirtcanhelpmelttheice.B.Hedislikeshissweatshirt.

C.Hissweatshirtisofgoodquality.D.Hewantstotakeoffhissweatshirt.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eventually“probablymean?

A.carefullyB.suddenlyC.finallyD.properly

4.Whafsthebesttitleforthestory?

A.ChangingIceintoWaterB.DecoratingtheLaboratory

C.RunningawayfromtheRoomD.PreparingforaScienceClass

【短文大意】

本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了玛吉、特拉维斯和露西在科学老师的安排下，在一间上了锁的房间，利用学过

的科学知识突破重重关卡，最终走出房间的故事。

【答案解析】

1.细节理解题。根据"Thelastchallenge,however,stoppedthem.Thekeytothedoorwastrappedinablockofice.”

可知，孩子们遇到的最后一个挑战是拿到被冻在冰里的钥匙。故选D。

2.词句猜测题。根据"Wehavetomelttheice"及"Travispulledoffhissweatshirtandwrapped（裹）itaroundthe

ice.'Thiskeepsmewarm,'hereasoned.”可知，孩子们想找热的东西来融化冰，特拉维斯脱下了自己的运动衫，

他强调这件运动衫可以让自己保持暖和，意在说明这件运动衫同样也可以让冰“暖和”，可以帮助融化冰。故

选Ao

3.词句猜测题。根据“Heatalwaysflowsfromwarmobjectstocoldones.Theheatintheairwilleventuallymelt

theice”可知，热量总是从温暖的物体流向寒冷的物体，空气中的热量最终会融化冰，划线部分单词意为“最

终地”，与finally同义。故选C。

4.最佳标题题。根据"Theyhadtoworkoutdifferentkindsofproblemswithinlimitedtimetogetoutofalocked

room.”及全文可知，本文主要讲述了三个小伙伴利用自己学过的知识突破重重关卡，最终成功走出上锁房间

的故事，故"RunningawayfromtheRoom”可作为本文标题。故选Co

限时检测

（2022•四川绵阳•统考中考真题）AtasnowparkinZhangjiakou,Hebei,ChineseteenagesnowboarderSu

Yimingwonasilverinthemen'ssnowboardingcompetitiononFebruary7.ItwasthefirsttimethataChinese

snowboarderhadevercompetedinthiseventatanyOlympics.Suwasintroducedtosnowboardingattheageof4

byhisparents,whowerebothsnowboardingfans.Sufellinlovewiththesportthefirsttimetheytookhimtoaski

center.Laterhekeptonpracticingafterclass.Tosaveupmoretimeforsnowboarding,hewouldgetupat5amand

finishhishomeworkearly.

Sujustsawsnowboardingasahobbyinthebeginning.However,onJuly31,2015whenheknewthatWinter

Olympics2022wouldbeheldinBeijing,hismindturnedtoprofessional（职业的）competition.Hedreamedof

joiningintheWinterOlympics.Andhedecidedtogoprofessional.

In2018SubecameamemberofChina5snationalsnowboardingteam.In2020and2021,hetookhomegold

medals（奖牌）ofallnationalcompetitions.InJanuary2021,hebecamethefirstChinesemansnowboardertofinish

theCab1800—themostdifficultsnowboardingskill.

BehindhissuccessisSu'shardwork.Hehasmadefulluseofeverychancetotrainmore.Usuallyhearrived

atthetrainingcenterearlierthanhisteammates.Inthatway,hecouldpracticemore.Heevenbrokeseveral

snowboardsinoneweekbecauseofheavytraining.

AfterSuwonhissilvermedal,hisfatherSuQunreceivedaninterview.Hesaidthatthiswouldnotbehis

son'slastOlympicsandSuwoulddobetterinthefuture.

1.HowdidSufeelthefirsttimehetriedsnowboarding?

A.Disappointed.B.Interested.C.Worried.D.Moved.

2.WhydidSudecidetogoprofessional?

A.Hisparentsweresnowboardingfans.

B.Hecouldfinishthemostdifficultskill.

C.HejoinedChina'snationalsnowboardingteam.

D.WinterOlympics2022wouldbeheldinBeijing.

3.WhendidSubecomeanationalteammember?

A.In2022.B.In2020.C.In2018.D.In2015.

4.WhatisthekeytoSu'ssuccess?

A.Takinghomegoldmedals.B.Trainingharddayandnight.

C.BeingthefirsttofinishtheCab1800.D.Gettingmuchhelpfromhisteammates.

5.Whichpartisthetextprobablytakenfrominamagazine?

A.Sport.B.Travel.C.Health.D.Science.

（2022•四川宜宾•统考中考真题）Dreamsreallyexist.Butinthemorningwhenyouwakeup,theyare

rememberedjustasadream.Thatiswhathappenedtome.

Ialwayshadthedreamtodance.WhenIwasyoung,Iwoulddancearoundandaroundinthefieldsof

wildflowersthatgrewinmybackyard.RealitywokemeupwhenIheardavoicesaying,"Idon'tknowwhyyoutry

todance,Anna.Youdon'thavethetalenttobeaballerina（芭蕾舞演员）Hearingthat,Ifelltothegroundand

criedforhours.

Welivedinthecountrysidebyalake.Mymotherdidn'tlikeanythingbecauseshethoughtnothingwasever

perfectinherlife.Shedreamedofadifferentlifebutsheendeduplivinginthecountryside,farawayfromthecity

whereshebelievedherdreamswouldcometrue.

Ienjoyedhangingoutbythewater.Iusedtositthereforhoursandstareatmyreflection.Oncethewaves

came,myreflectionwouldbewashedaway,justlikemydreamtodance.

AsIgrewolder,Ibegantorealizemydreamwasevenbornbecauseofsomethingthatwasinsideme.The

dreamIhadwasnevercaredfor,soitslowlydied.WhenIfinallywokeupfrommanyyearsofdreaming,Irealized

thatIcouldn'tonlydanceinthewildflowers.Ihadtomoveontothestage（舞台）.

6.Whatisthewriter'sdream?

A.Tobeaballerina.B.Todanceinthefield.

C.Toliveinthecity.D.Tohelphermother.

7.WhydidAnnacryforhours?

A.Shecouldn'tsleepduringthenight.B.Shecouldn'trememberherdreams.

C.Peopledidn9tletherdanceintheyard.D.Peopledidn'tthinkshewasgoodatdance.

8.WhatcanweknowaboutAnna'smotherfromParagraph3?

A.Sheachievedherdream.B.Shewantedtoliveinthecity.

C.Shewassatisfiedwithherlife.D・Shelikedlivinginthecountryside.

9.WhatdidAnnausuallydowhenhangingoutbythewater?

A.Dancebyherself.B.Dosomewashing.

C.Findherlostdreams.D-Watchherselfinthewater.

10.WhatdidAnnafinallydecidetodo?

A.Letherdreamdie.B.Holdontoherdream.

C.Gobacktothecountry.D.Livewithherdearmother.

NanHauserisamarinebiologist（海洋生物学家）.Oneday,shewasfilmingneartheocean（海洋）.Asitwas

required,shewentintotheoceanandswamslowlytowardsomewhales.Justthen,awhalesawher,andsuddenly

chargedat（猛冲）her.

Nanhadworkedintheoceanfor30yearsandhadneverseenanythinglikeit.Shedidn'tknowwhattodo.So,

shestayedawayfromit.Butthewhalehadnoideaofwalkingaway.Justthen,shesawsomewhalesmovingfast

towardher.Whenshelookedcloser,therewasalsoabigtigershark.ThewhaletriedhisbesttoprotectNan.Hehid

Nannexttohisface.

ThewhalepulledNanwithitshead,andswamasfastasitcouldtowardtheboat.t6Ijustrodethewhalefor

about10minutes,9,saidNan.

ItwasnotuntilNanwassafelyintheboatthatthewhaleslowlymovedaway.

Ayearand15dayslater,toNan'ssurprise,sheagainsawthewhalethathadsavedherlife!Nanwasonlyone

meterawayfromhimandshesawthescar（伤疤）onhishead.Shegotontheboatandputherfootinthewaterand

thewhalestayedthereforanother20minutes.Finally,Nantoldhimthesamethingshesaidlasttime:Thankyou,I

loveyou.

“Itwillalwaysbeapartofme.Itwillalwayshaveaplaceinmyheart.IhopeIcanseeitagainbecauseI

reallymissit.”

11.WhydidNangointotheocean?

A.Becauseshewasrequiredtodoso.B.Becauseshelikedtoswimintheocean.

C.Becauseshewantedtoseethewhale.D.Becausethewhalewantedtoseeher.

12.HowmanyyearshadNanworkedasamarinebiologistintheocean?

A.Forafewyears.B.Fortenyears.C.Fortwentyyears.D.Forthirtyyears.

13.WhatdidNanunderstandatlastwhenshefoundabigtigershark?

A.Thewhalewantedtofightagainsttheshark.B.Thesharkwantedtoeatthewhale.

C.ThewhalewantedtoprotectNan.D.ThesharkwantedtoprotectNan.

14.HowdidNancomebacktoherboat?

A.Thewhalekilledtheshark.B.Nanrodethewhalebacktoherboat.

C.Thesharksentherbacktoherboat.D.Nanswamasfastasshecouldtoherboat.

15.Whatdowelearnfromthestory?

A.Whalesareourfriendsthatneedtobeprotected.

B.Whalesareindangerfromwaterpollution.

C.Weshouldlearnmoreaboutwhales.

D.Whalesarehugeanimalsinthesea.

（2022•贵州遵义•统考中考真题）TodayisJune26th,theInternationalAnti-drugDay（国际禁毒日）.When

peopletalkaboutdrugfighting,anamewillprobablyappearinourminds-LinZexu,whoisrememberedasa

nationalheroinChina.Since1839,weChinesehavealwaysbeenfightingagreatwaragainstdrugs.

Now,PengTaizhenfromYunnanprovincehasbeensupportingtheworkofdrugfightinginherownway.

Peng'shusband,ZhangCongshun,wasananti-drugpoliceofficer.Onedayin1994,whenhewasfighting

withagroupofdrugcriminalsandtryingtosavehispartner,hegotseriouslyinjuredanddiedlater.Penghadto

raisetheirsonsbyherself.

Allofherthreesonsbecamepoliceofficersaftergraduatingfromcollege.Sadly,heryoungestson,Zhang

Ziquan,losthislifeattheageof36whilehewasworkingonadrugcaseinDecember,2020.

“Myhusbanddied,leavingmanyunfinishedthingsincrimefightingbehindhim.Butwestillhavesonsto

continuealongtheway.IfIhadthechancechooseagain,IwouldstillstandbehindthemPengsaid.

PengTaizhenistrulyaheroine,agreatmotheraswellasagoodwife.Shehasmadesuchagreat

contribution（贡献）toanti-drugfighting!

16.LinZexuisrememberedasa（an）byusChinese.

A.artistB.nationalhero

C.writerD.policeofficer

17.WhatdidPeng'shusbanddiefor?

A.Savinghispartner.B.Helpinghisson.

C.Protectingthevillagers.D.Fightingthevirus.

18.WhichstatementisTRUEaboutPengTaizhen?

A.HerhusbanddiedinDecember,2020.

B.Heryoungestsonlosthislifein1994.

C.Onlyoneofhersonsisapoliceofficer.

D.Sheisaverygreatwifeandmother.

19.Howmanypeoplementionedinthepassagehavemadegreatcontributionstodrugfighting?

A.2B.3C.4D.5

20.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage?

A.ToexpressourthankstoMs.Peng

B.ToknowaboutLinZexuandhisstories.

C.ToremembertheInternationalAnti-drugDay.

D.Topassonthespiritofourdrug-fightingheroes.

（2022•辽宁丹东•统考中考真题）

Text1:LiuYang,borninOctober1978,waschosenasthefirst

ChinesewomanastronautinspaceinJune,2012.Shemadehistory.

InJune,2022,shewassenttospaceagainbyShenzhou-14.PictureA

Text2：LhasaisthecapitalofTibet.ThePotalaPalace（布达拉宫）

inLhasamakesTibetfamousallovertheworld.Ontheotherhand,以

Tibetisalsowell-knownforitsbeautifulnaturalsights.SoalotofPictureB

visitorsgothereeveryyear.

Text3:Recently,shortvideoplatforms（平台）haveofferedafun

4

andeasywaytoshowthetraditionalartforms,suchaspaper

cutting,shadowplayworks（皮影戏）,PekingOpera.Youngusers

PictureC

knowmoreabouttraditionalChineseculturefromthosevideos.

Text4:Handsinthepockets——Thisiscommonlyseenindaily

0）

life.InSwedenandFrance,puttingyourhandsinyourpockets

wouldbeconsideredimpoliteinabusinessmeeting,eventhoughi

PictureD

youmaywearasuit.

21.WhenwasLiuYangsenttospaceforthesecondtime?

A.In1978.B.In2012.C.In2021.D.In2022.

22.TherearereasonswhyTibetiswell-knownaccordingtoText2.

A.twoB.threeC.fourD.five

23.WhichpictureshowsthetraditionalartformmentionedinText3?

A.PictureA.B.PictureB.C.PictureC.D.PictureD.

24.WherecanyoungpeoplelearnaboutthetraditionalChineseartformseasily?

A.Inspace.B.InthePotalaPalace.

C.Onshortvideoplatforms.D.InSwedenandFrance.

25.WhichonewouldbeconsideredimpoliteinabusinessmeetinginSwedenandFrance?

A.Puttingyourhandsoutofyourpockets.

B.Shakinghandswithbusinesspartners.

C.Wearingasuitwithpockets.

D.Puttingyourhandsinyourpockets.

（2022.广西河池.统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据短文内容，从下面各小题所给的四个备选项中，选出最佳

选项。

SuBingtianranintotherecordbooksattheTokyo2020OlympicGamesonAugust1.Hebecamethefirst

Chinesetoenterthemen's100mfinal（决赛）attheOlympics.Andwith9.83secondsinthe100msemi-final（半决

赛）,hesetanewAsianrecord.

Althoughhefinishedsixth,Surecordedatimeof9.98secondsinthefinal,0.18secondsbehindthewinner

LamontMarcellJacobsofItaly,whoclocked9.80seconds."'Actually,Iamveryhappytorununder10seconds

twiceinsuchashorttime.Makingitintothefinals,IhavealreadygivenallIhave,^^Susaidaftertherace.

ThelastChinesetrack-and-fieldathlete（田径运动员）tomakehistoryattheOlympicswasLiuXiang.Liu

wonagoldmedalinthemen's110mhurdles（跨栏赛）inAthensin2004andbroughtChinaitsfirstOlympicgold

medalinamen'strack-and-fieldevent.

“Ifitwasn'tforLiuXiang9sachievement,we'dneverhavethoughtthatanAsianwouldstepontheOlympic

track-and-fieldfinalandevenwintherace,“Susaid."IhopemysixthplaceattheOlympicfinalwillencourage

moreChineseathletestogoforward.,,

26.Su'sBingtianbecametheChinesetoenterthemen's100mfinalattheOlympics.

A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth

27.Sufinishedsixthinthefinalandit'sjustsecondsbehindthewinner.

A.0.15B.0.18C.9.83D.9.98

28.Suwasverytorununder10secondstwiceinsuchashorttime.

A.tiredB.boredC.worriedD.glad

29.broughtChinaitsfirstOlympicgoldmedalinamen'strack-and-fieldevent.

A.LinDanB.MaLongC.LiuXiangD.SuBingtian

30.PeoplemostlythinkthatseldomstepsontheOlympictrack-and-fieldfinal.

A.anAsianB.aEuropeanC.anAmericanD.anAfrican

（2022•山东东营•统考中考真题）WhenmysisterBeckywasyoung,shewasbitten（咬）byadog.Fromthat

dayon,shedidn'tlikedogs.Butallofthatchangedwhenmyunclehadtobeawayforaweek.

Myunclelefthisdogwithustotakecareof.Thedog'snamewasRex,andhewashuge.PoorRexliked

followingmysisteraroundverymuch.Shehatedthatbecauseofherfearofdogs.

Oneday,togetawayfrom（摆脱）Rex,mysistertiedhimtoachairintheyardandwentforawalkinthe

forest.Shelookedbackandsawhimpullingathisrope（绳）,buthestillstayedthere.

Whilewalkingintheforest,Beckysuddenlysawsomewolveseatingadeer（鹿）thathadjustbeenkilled.

Normally,wolveswouldnotattack（攻击）ahuman,butwhentheyareeating,theycanbeverydangerous,

especiallyforachild.

Slowly,thewolvesbegantomovetowardsBecky,makingacirclearoundher.Shewasclosetoatree,soshe

caughtalowerbranch（树枝）quicklyandtriedtoclimbupthetree.Oneofthewolvescaughtherfoot.Luckily,she

wasabletopullherselfup,butherfootwasbadlyhurt.Sheshoutedforhelp,butnoonewasaround.Shethought

shewasgoingtodie.Suddenly,Rexappeared.

Therehewas,runningthroughtheforest,pullingthechair.ItwasnoteasyforRex,buthemadehiswayto

Beckyinthetree.Heattackedthewolves,soontheyranoff.

WhenBeckyandRexgothome,everyonewasshockedandhappythatRexhadsavedmysister.Helicked（舔）

herfaceasthedoctortreated（治疗）herfoot.

Now,Rexismysister'sfavoritefriendintheworld.Thedoctortoldher,“Adogisaman'sbestfriend.^^My

sistersmiledandadded,tcAndagirl'sbestfiiend,too.”

31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inParagraph2referto（指的是）？

A.Adogbither.B.Rexwashuge.C.Rexfollowedheraround.D.HeruncleleftRexwiththem.

32.Therightorderofthefollowingstatementsis.

①Beckyshoutedforhelp

②Beckyclimbedupthetree

（3）BeckysawRexrunningtoher

④Beckywascircledbywolves

A.②①④③B.④②③①C.③④②①D.④②①③

33.Rexcouldbeatwolvesbecausehewantedto.

A.beaheroB.makeBeckyhappyC.protecthisownerD.getfoodfromwolves

34.WhydidBeckychangeherattitudetoRex?Because.

A.RexwaspoorB.RexsavedherlifeC.RexlickedherfaceD.Rexattackedthewolves

35.Accordingtothepassage,whatwillmostprobablyhappennext?

A.BeckywilloftenplaywithRex.B.Beckywillnevergototheforest.

C.BeckywouldlikeRexnottofollowher.D.BeckywillreturnRextoherunclehappily.

（2022•江苏徐州•统考中考真题）Peterlovesbaseball.Lastsummer,hehelpedcoachaschoolbaseballteam.

Whenhefirstwatchedtheteamof12-year-oldsplaybaseball,hisfirstimpressionswerenotreallypositive.

Oneplayeroftenleftassoonastheystartedlosing.Anotherplayerpaidtoomuchattentiontoalltheir

mistakesduringthegame.Otherboyspreferredtodigupthegrasswhentheyweren'tintheplay.Alotofboys

threwtheirbaseballbatswhentheylostthecatch.

Whiletheirbaseballskillsimprovedovertimewithmorepractice,therewerestillproblemswiththeir

all-importantcharacter.Theteamhadalongwaytogo.Forexample,someboyswerehardonthosewhomade

mistakes.Insteadofbeingsupportiveorencouraging,theyblamed（责怪）eachother.

Peterstartedone-on-onetalkswitheachplayertodiscussthingsthathehadnoticed.Somewereaboutskills

likeholdingthebatuphigheroropeningtheireyeswhentheyweremakingacatch.Butmostwereaboutstaying

positiveandsupportingeachother.

Slowlythingsbegantochange.Theboysbegantotakethedutiesfortheirplayinsteadofblamingothersfor

mistakes.Theystayedoptimisticevenwhenlosing.Theteamculturewasimproving.

Playersbeganencouragingeachother,high-fivingandsupportingteammates.Peterwasespeciallypleasedto

seesomeoftheboystakingleadershiprolesandhavingtheirownone-on-onetalkswiththeirteammates.

Peterdoesn'tthinkhemadehugeprogressinteachingtheboyshowtothrow,