大学英语四级模拟试卷18

大学英语四级模拟试卷18

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispari,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteaneye-witnessaccountofa

rescueafteratrafficaccident.Youshouldwritenomorethan120wordsaccordingtothe

outlinegivenbelowinChinese假设你在“五一”节乘车回家的路上H击一起救助车祸

伤者的情况，就此为当地报社写一份报道。报道须包括以下几点：1.车祸发生的

时间及地点；2.你所见到的车祸救援情况（警方、民众和医护人员等）；3.评述人

与人之间的这种相互关爱。AnEye-WitnessAccountofaRescueafteraTraffic

Accident

标准答案：AnEye-WitnessAccountofaRescueafteraTrafficAccidentLastweek,on

LaborDay,acarwith3peopleinit,inordertoavoidhittingasmallcat,crashedintoa

wall.IthappenednearCentralPlazaintheheartofthecityat

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10

分。）

LifeonOtherPlanetsIn1961,scientistssetupagigantic,sensitiveapparatustocollect

radiowavesfromthefarroachesofspace,hopingtodiscoverinthemsomemathematical

patternindicatingthatthewavesweresentoutbyotherintelligentbeings.Thefirstat

temptfailed;butsomedaytheexperimentmaysucceed.Butisthereintelligentlife?Life

thathasreachedthestageofbeingabletosendradiowavesout-intospaceinaplanned

pattern?Ourownplanetmayhavebeeninexistencefbrfivebillionyearsandmayhave

hadlifeonilfortwobillion,butitisonlyinthelastfiftyyearsthatintelligentlife

capableofsendingradiowavesintospacehaslivedonearth.Fromthisitmightseemthat

eveniftherewerenotechnicalproblemsinvolved,thechanceofreceivingsignalsfrom

anyparticularearth-typeplanetwouldbeextremelysmall.Thisdoesnotmeanthat

intelligentlifeatourleveldoesnotexistsomewhere.Thereissuchanunimaginable

numberofstarsthat,evenwithonlyasmallchance,itseemscertainthattherearc

millionsofintelligentlifeformsscatteredthroughspace.Theonlytroubleis,nonemay

bewithinhailingdistanceofus.Perhapsnoneeverwillbe;perhapsthehugedistances

thatseparateusfromourfellowinhabitantsofthisuniversewillforeverremaintoogreat

tobeconquered.Andyetitisconceivablethatsomedaywemaycomeacrossoneofthem

or,frighteningly,oneofthemmaycomeacrossus.Whatwouldtheybebike,these

extraterrestrialcreatures?Surely,itwouldseem,thereisnowayoftelling.Hereonearth

alone,lifehasdevelopedinmanydirections,takingonformsthatcouldscarcelybe

inventedbythewildestimaginationiftheywerenotalreadyknowntoexist.Whowould

dreamthatamousecouldflyifhehadneverseenabat?Whowouldpredictblindlizards

livingincaves,orwormslivingintheintestinesofothercreatures?Considerthegiraffe,

thehumming-bird,theredwoodtree,theVenus*flytrap,andseewhetheryoucanimagine

anylimittovariousformsoflife.Thenhowcananyonepredictanythingatallabout

extraterrestrialbeings?Ah,butallthesevariationsandmodificationsthatexistonearth

areinsomewaysonlysuperficial.Inthechemist'stesttube,allamazingdifferencesin

lifeformsvanishwhenweconsiderthebasicsimilarityofthoselifeforms,whichis

neitherexcitingnoramazing.Whateverappearanceearthcreaturesmayhave,theyareall

madeupofthesamekindsofcomplexmolecules;withminorvariations,theyallmake

useofthesamechemicalmachinery.Forallitswonderfuldifferences,lifeonearthis

merelyanimaginativevariationonasinglechemicalstructure.Lifeonanycarthlikc

planetmayprovetobesimilar.Asweunderstandlife,itconsistsofmoleculeslarge

enoughandcomplexenoughtomeettheinfinitelyflex:blerequirementsoflivingtissue.

Themoleculesmustbestableenoughtoretaintheirstructureundersomeconditions,and

unstableenoughtochangekaleidoscopicallyunderotherconditions.Inlivingthingson

earth,themostimportantmoleculesofthistypearetheproteins,andasfarasweknow,

nothingwillsubstituteforthem.Furthermore,thechangestheseproteinsundergointhe

processoflivingcanonlytakeplaceagainstawaterybackground.Lifebeganinthe

oceans,andeventhevariousformsoflandlifearestillfrom50to80percentwater.The

chemicalstructure,then,uponwhichlifeisbased,hereandpossiblyonallearth-type

planets,isprolein-inwater.Ifweareevertomeetupwithcreaturesfromanearth-type

planet,wemaynotbeabletopredicttheirappearance,butwecanpredictthat,whatever

theirshape,theywillverylikelybeprotein-in-water.Butwhataboutlifeonplanetsthat

arenotliketheearth?Whataboutplanetssoclosetotheirsunthattheirsurfacesarehot

enoughtomeltlead?Whataboutplanetssofarfromtheirsunthatwateriseternally

frozen?Arcsuchworldsbarrenforever?Itwouldseemso,certainly,ifalllifewereonly

protein-in-water.Butcanwebesurethatlifecannotbebasedonotherstructures?

Suppose,forinstance,thatinaworldonwhichliquidwatercannotexistbecauseoffrigid

temperatures,therewasasubstancethatcouldtaketheplaceofwater.Actually,thereis

suchasubstance,anditiscalledammonia.Everyoneisfamiliarwiththebottled

ammoniathatlookslikewaterbuthasastrongsmell.Thisisactuallyonlyammonia

(iissolvcdinwater;ammoniaitselfisagasatoniinarytemperatures.Underconditionson

earthitdoesnotbecomealiquiduntilitiscooledtothirtydegreesbelowzeroFahrenheit

anddoesnotfreezeuntilatemperatureofonehundreddegreesbelowzeroisreached.

Thecoldworldsofourownsolarsystem,suchasJupiterandSaturn,havethick

atmospheresthataremainlyhydrogenandheliumbutcontainastrongmixtureof

ammonia.Thereisgoodreasontothinkthatanylargecoldplanetwouldhavean

atmosphereofthissort.Itisconceivable,then,thatsuchplanets,evenwithallwater

frozenintoicc,mighthaveoceansofliquidammoniainwhichlifemightdevelopina

completelyalienmanner.Actually,ammoniastronglyresembleswaterinthewayit

dissolvessubstances,sothestructureofprotein-in-ammoniaisfascinatinglypossible

underconditionswherethetemperatureistoocoldforprotein-in-water.Whataboutthe

hotplanetsclosetoasun9Certainlytherewouldbenowater;ifanyexistedatthe

beginning,itwouldhaveboiledawayeonsago.Perhapslifewoulddevelopinsubstances

thatareliquidathightemperatures.Sulfurisliquidbetweentemperaturesof235and800

degreesFahrenheit.Couldtherebesulfur-basedlife?Itthereis,itcouldscarcelybe

basedonordinaryprotein,whichwouldbehighlyunstableatsuchelevatedtemperatures.

Therearemoleculescalledsiliconeswhichcouldconceivablybebuiltintocomplex

structuresabletosurvivehightemperatures.Siliconeshavebeendevelopedinthe

laboratoryhereonearth.Solidsiliconesserve,amongotherthings,asakindofartificial

rubber,andliquidsiliconeshavebeenusedashydraulicfluids.Canwepicturelifeforms

onhotplanetswithrubberytissuesandhydraulicfluidbloodstreams,livinginpuddlesof

liquidsulfur?Wehavealreadyundergonearadicalbroadeningofthoughtinbeginningto

acceptthefactthatwemaynotbetheonlyworldoflivingcreaturesintheuniverse一not

even,perhaps,theonlylivingintelligences.Willwesomedayundergoanother

broadeningofthoughtandacceptourselvesasanexampleofonlyoneofthepossible

chemicalstructuresoflife?Ifso,isitpossiblethatwcwillfindourselvesstudying,v/ith

fascination,theabsolutelyalienlifechemistryofthesiliconeHotsandtheammonia

Colds,withourselvestheonlyexamplesoftheprotein-in-waterIn-Betweens?Ican't

helphopingflatwhenweventureintospacewewillfindthingsbeyondevenourwildest

speculations.Andwhynot?Inscience,asineverythinghuman,itisthechanceofthe

unexpectedthatgivesexcitementtoefforts.

2、Evenintelligentlifeonearthcouldn'tsendradiowaveshalfacenturyago.Soit

wouldbeimpossibleforanyintelligentbeingstoexistonanyotherplanetatthattime.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：由第三段的首句可知以上那些结果并不能说明地球以外的其他地方就

不存在与我们有同等智力水平的生物，故此判断错误。

3、Theauthorbelievesthatotherlifeformsaresofarawayfromourplanetthatwe

couldnevermeetthem.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：此判断的错误在于“never”。由文中第三段的倒数第二句话可知作者

认为将来有一天我们遭遇外星球的生物是可以想象的。

4、Theauthorsaysthatsiliconesmightreplaceproteinonhotplanetsbecausesilicones

mayremainstableunderveryhightemperatures.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由倒数第二段中的“Therearemoleculescalledsiliconeswhichcould

conceivablybebuiltintocomplexstructuresabletosurvivehightemperatures”及前面的

“itcouldscarcelybebasedonordinaryprotein”可知既然普通的蛋白质不能经受住高

温，那么作者推断硅酮有可能取而代之。

5、Theauthormentionedflyingmice,blindlizardsandwormsinordertoshowthat

manystrangethingsoccurintheworld.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：通过对第五段的分析我们不难发现作者列举出这些动物的目的并不是

为了说明地球上出现了许多奇怪的动物，而是为了说明要预估外星球的生命所需的

无比的想象力。

6、Moderntheoriesofthedevelopmentofstarssuggestthatalmosteverystarhassome

sortoffamilyofplanets.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：通读全文我们可知文中并未提及有关星星的现代科学理论的发展，因

此无从判断。

7、Scientistscollectradiowavesfromspaceinhopesthattheymightreceiveplanned

messagessentbyintelligentlifeonanotherworld.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由第一段的第一句话可知科学家利用仪器收集无线电波是为了探测外

星球的生命现象，故此判断正确。

8、JupiterandSaturnarecomworldsofthesolarsystem.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由倒数第四段的第一句话可知木星和土星是太阳系中的冷行星，此判

断正确。

9、Thechemicalstructureofacreaturefromanearth-typeplanetwillverylikelybe

标准答案：protcin-in-watcr

知识点解析：由第卜段可知，作者认为对于生活在和地球环境类似的星球上的生

物，其生命的化学基础也很有可能是proteinin-water。

10、Theauthorbelievesthatlifeonotherplanetscantakeonformsbecause

evenlifeonourownplanetassumessuchstrangeandvariousforms.

标准答案：beyondhumanimagination

知识点解析：由第五段可知作者认为地球上的生物人们尚且没有足够的想象力去想

见，更何况外星球的生物，这超出了人们想象的范围。

11>Intermsofchemicalstructure,thepassagemainlydiscussesthreesubstances.They

are.

标准答案：protein,ammoniaandsilicone

知识点解析：通读全文可知作者认为根据温度的不同，生物的化学基础就有所不

同。它们分别是适于低温的“氨”，适于高温的“硅酮''和介于中间的“蛋白质

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。）

12、

A、Hemeallthefood.

liecleanedtherefrigerator.

C、Heworkeddayandnight.

D、liehadabiglunch.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：W:Well,youhavecleanedouttherefrigeratorthistime.Nothingisleft

over.M:Oh,yes.Ihadalotofworkalldayandasmalllunchintheoffice.Q:Whatdid

themando?

13、

A、He'splayingsports.

B、He'swatchingsportsgames.

C^He'sdriving.

D、He'sfighting.

标准答案：C

知识点解析:W:Heavens!Pleasebecareful.Youalmosthittheothercar!M:Didyou

seehimcutinrightinfrontofme.Q:What'sthemanprobablydoing?

14、

A、Shedidn'tfeelwell.

B、Shewentdancingearlier.

C、Shecamedowntogodancing.

D、Shegotmadatthewoman.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：M:Ithoughtyouweregoingoutdancingthisevening.W:Iwas,butI

canceledmyplansbecauseCatherinecamedownwithaheadache.Q:Whathappenedto

Catherine?

15、

A、$5.

B、$5.60

C、$4.40

D、$6.60

标准答案：B

知识点解析:W:Ithoughtthatthesetypewriterribbonscost5dollars.M:Theyusedto,

butthepricehasgoneupsixtycents.Q:Howmuchdothetypewriterribbonscostnow?

16、

A、inashippingcompanyoffice.

B、InProfessorBenson'soffice.

C^Inapublisher'soffice.

D、inauniversitystore.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：W:Excuseme,TinlookingforthetextbooksforPraetorBcnsoifscourse.

M:I'mafraidtheyarcou:ofstock.You'llhavetoorderthem,anditwilltakethe

publisherthreeweekstoshipthemtous.Q:Wheredidthisconversationprobablytake

place?

17、

ANTheywillhavetotakeadifferentbus.

B、Thetripistoodangerous.

C^Theywillhavetowait.

D^Thereisaproblemwiththebus.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：M:Hurryup!It'salreadysixo'clock,andthebuswillbeleavingany

minute.W:Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Theyannouncedthatthereisadelaybecauseof

dangerousconditions.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

18、

A、Asecretary.

Anovelist.

C、Anewspaperman.

D^Abusinessman.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：W:Jackworkedasasecretaryfbrthreeyears.Thenhebecamea

newspaperman.Afterthat,hestartedwritingnovels.M:Iknow.Andhehasbeendoing

nothingelseeversince.Q:Whatistheman'soccupationnow?

19、

A、InNewYork.

B、InBoston.

C、InMichigan.

D^InWashington.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：W:AreyouhappywiththedecisionthatyoucametoWashington20

yearsago?M:Yes,indeed.TdconsideredgoingtoNewYorkorBoston,butI'venever

regrettedmydecision.Q:Wheredoesthemanlive?

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题1.0

分，共3分。）

20、

ANRelaxingattheseashore.

B、Visitingherparents.

C、Sailingonaboat.

D、Preparingforarace.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：Howdidthewomanspendlastweekend?

21、

A、Shewasinvitedonlyfortheweekend.

B、Theweatherwastoohot.

C>Shehadanappointment.

D、Shehadschoolworktodo.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Whydidthewomancomehomesosoon?

22、

A、Shehadtogohome.

B、Shewastootiredtocontinue.

C、Shehadtofinishherschoolwork.

D^Shewasthirsty.

标准答案：B

知识点解析:Whydidthewomanhavetostopplayinginthevolleyballgame?

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分，共4分。）

23、

Themanwantstoobtainaninternationaldriver'slicensethathecanusebothinthe

U.S,andinhiscountry.

B、Themanwantstotakeadriver'stesttogetanArizonadriver'slicense.

C>Themanwantstoknowwhetherhecanusehisinternationaldriver'slicensein

Arizona.

D、ThemanwantstofilloutanapplicationfbranArizonadriver'slicense.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Whatisthemainpurposeoftheconversation?

24、

A、ShowhisstudentIDandpaytendollars.

Usehisiniernaiionaldriver'slicense.

C、Takeadriver'stestandapplyfbralimitedlicense.

D、Showproofoftemporaryresidence.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Whatdoesthemanhavetodoinordertodrivelegally?

25、

A^Lessthanoneyear.

B>Fouryears.

CxFiveyears.

D、Tenyears.

标准答案：C

知识点解析:Forhowlongisalimitedlicensevalid?

26、

A、Filloutanapplication.

B、GobacktotheuniversitytogethisID.

C^Gotoseehisfriend.

D、Takeawrittenexamandaneyeexam.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：Whatwillthemanmostprobablydonext?

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题1.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A、Itisagoodplacetolandatbyaeroplane.

Itisagoodplacetoflyover.

C、Itisagoodplacetotraveltobyland.

D、Itisagoodplacetoliveat.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：Whatcanwelearnaboutthepolarregionfromthepassage?

28、

A^Becausethereplanesflyhigherthanattheequator.

B、Becausetheretheeyescanreachabout4,000metres.

C、Becausethereplanesareclearofbadweather.

D、Becausethereplanesflymorequicklythanattheequator.

标准答案：C

知识点解析:WhyisitadelighttoflyatthePole?

29、

A^Inwarmair.

B、Incoldair

C^Whenitreachesthepolarregion.

D、Onlywhenthecloudsarcdownlow.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：Onwhatconditioncanaeroplaneclimbquickly?

30、

A、Atlowlatitudes.

B、Atmid-latitudes.

C、Athighlatitudes.

D、Athighaltitudes.

标准答案：C

知识点解析:Wheredothegreatestchangesofclimatestakeplace?

31、

A、Latitude.

B、Longitude.

C、Sea.

D^Mountain.

标准答案：B

知识点解析:Whichofthefollowingdoesnotaffectclimate?

32、

A^Brazil.

B、Argentina.

C、Chile.

D、Ecuador.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Wherearethedriestplacesandtherainiestplacelocated?

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分，共4分。）

33、

A、Nineoutoften.

B、Onethird.

C^Elvenoutofthirty.

D、Onefourth.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：What'stherateofsurvivalinafalloftwostoreysormore?

34、

A、Thecatcanreachtheirterminalspeed.

B、Thecatdoesnotchangeitsfinalspeed.

C、Hislegsspreadoutandmusclesabsorbmoreforceofimpact.

D、Hewillslowdownandreducethedamage.

标准答案：C

知识点解析:Huwcanacalsurvivewhenfallingfioinaheightmorethanthe7lhfluur?

35、

A、Catscanchangetheirpositionwhilefalling.

B、Theforceofimpactv/iththegroundoverfourlegsisspread.

C、Catscanlandontheirfeetafterfalling.

D、Theirmusclescanabsorbmoreoftheforceofimpact.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：What'stheadvantageofthewell-developedsenseofbalance?

36、

A、Nineoutoftencatshaveabetterchanceofsurvival.

B、Whatisthesignificanceoftheseventhfloor?

C^What'sthecats1terminalspeed?

D、Mostcatscansurvivewhenfalling.

标准答案：D

知识点解析:Whatdoesthispassagetellusaboutcats?

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题1.0分，共

〃分。）

Catsare[Bl]ofhabit.Theyliketogotosleepaboutthesametimeeveryday

andforacertain[B2]oftime.Theyseemtohavea[B3]clock

insidethemthattellsthemwhentosleep.Cats[B4]theirregularsleepwith

[B5]catnaps.Someexpertsfeelthathumancouldalso[B6]from

thishabit.Catnapshelptobuildup[B7]inthebody.Theyarealsoagoodway

toovercome[B8].Sincecatshavemoodssimilartothoseofhumans,some

expertsbelievethat[B9].[BIO].Thenapswould

usuallylastfromfifteentothirtyminutes.WinstonChurchilltookcatnaps.Sodid

PresidentsHarryTruman.JohnF.Kennedy,andLyndonB.Johnson.[B11]

.Perhapsmorepeoplecouldlearnfromeatsandtakenapstofeelbetter

andlivelonger!

37、[Bl]

标准答案：creatures

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、[B2]

标准答案：length

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、[B3]

标准答案：natural

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、[B4]

标准答案：supplement

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、[B5]

标准答案：occasional

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、[B6]

标准答案：benefit

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、[B7]

标准答案：energy

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、[B8]

标准答案：boredom

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、[B9]

标准答案：peoplecanimprovetheirmoodsandattitudesbycatnapping.Peoplemight

becomehappierandmorepositive.

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、[BiO]

标准答案：Anumberoffamouspeoplehavecopiedcatsbytakingcatnapsduringthe

day.

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、（Bll]

标准答案：Thesefamousmenwereknownfortheirenergy.Theywerealsoableto

worklonghours,oftenintothenight.Nappingwastheirsecret.

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读（选词填空）（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共

10分。）

ExceptforThanksgivingturkey,it'shardtofinda[SI]______"American"food.The

UnitedStatesisalandofimmigrants.SoAmericanseatfoodfrommanydifferent

countries.WhenpeoplemovetoAmerica,theybringtheircookingstyleswiththem.

That'swhyyoucanfindalmosteverykindofethnicfoodinAmerica.Insome[S2]

,Americanshaveadoptedfoodsfromothercountriesasfavorites.Americanslove

Italianpizza,MexicantacosandChineseeggrolls.ButtheAmericanversiondoesn't

tastequitelikethe[S3]!Americanslivingatafastpaceoftenjust"graba

quickbite'1.Fastfoodrestaurantsofferpeopleontheruneverythingfromfriedchickento

friedrice.Microwavedinnersand[S4]foodsmakecookingathomeasnap.

Americansalsotendtoeatalotof"junkfood".Potatochips,candybars,softdrinksand

othercandiesarepopulartreats.Manypeopleeattoomanyofthese[S5]

snackswhileothers[S6]morehealthydiethabits.Someevengo"allnatural".

They[S7]toeatanyfoodpreparedwithchemicalsandadditives.Americans

representawide[S8]ofbackgrounds,waysofthinkingandliving.The'

varietyoffoodsenjoyedintheUS[S9]thediversityofpersonaltastes.The

foodmaybe[SIO]orinternational.However,anyway,thestyleisall-

American.WordBank:A.typicallyI.casesB.convenientJ.refuseC.rangeK.boundary

D.professionallyL.preferE.originalM.conflictF.instantN.reflectsG.unhealthyO.

regionalH.appetizing

48、[SI]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：分析可知此处需要一个副词，typically的含义是“有代表性地”。

49、[S2]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：这里需要的是名词，insomecases的意思是“在某些情况下”。

50、[S3]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：分析可知这里需要表示“原来，原有”含义的词，因此选original。

51、[S4]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：通过阅读得知这里的意思是“微波食品和食品让做饭变得简

单”，instantfood的意思是“方便食品”，指半成品或方便面一类的食物。

52、[S5]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：这里需要形容词，并且从前文看出作者对这类食物持否定态度，认为

是“垃圾食品”，因此这里用unhealthy“不健康的”。

53、[S6]

标准答案：L

知识点解析：这里需要表示“喜欢、偏爱”意义的动词，因此选prefer。

54、[S7]

标准答案：J

知识点解析：通过阅读上下文知道这里谈论的是这样一类人，他们倾向于“全天

然“，因此吃任何含有化学物质和添加剂的食物。所以选一个具有否定意味

的词，refuseo

55、[S8]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：这里需要名词，awiderangeof这个词组的意思是“广泛的”。

56、[S9]

标准答案：N

知识点解析•：这里需要动词，阅读可知“美国食物的多样性个人口味的多样

性”,因此选reflects“反映

57、[S10]

标准答案：O

知识点解析：阅读可知这里需要一个和international相对的形容词，因此选

regional"地方性的

十、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共70题，每题7.0

分，共70分。）

Largecompaniesneedawaytoreachthesavingsofthepublicatlarge.Thesame

problem,onasmallerscale,facespracticallyeverycompanytryingtodevelopnew

productsandcreatenewjobs,Therecanbelittleprospect（前景）ofraisingthesortof

sumsneededfromfriendsandpeopleweknow,andwhilebanksmayagreetoprovide

short-termfinance,theyaregenerallyunwillingtoprovidemoneyonapermanentbasis

forlong-termprojects.Socompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolendthem

money,ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.Thisthey

dobyissuingstocksandsharesinthebusinessthroughtheStockExchange.Bydoingso

theycanputintocirculationthesavingsofindividualsbothathomeandoverseas.When

thesaverneedshismoneyback,hedoesnothavetogotothecompanywithwhomhe

originallyplacedit.Instead,hesellshissharesthroughastockbroker（证券经名己人）to

someothersaverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoney.Manyoftheservicesneededboth

byindustryandbyeachofusarcprovidedbytheGovernmentorbylocalauthorities.

Withouthospitals,roads,electricity,telephones,equipmentandnewdevelopmentifthey

aretoserveusproperly,requiringmoremoneythanisraisedthroughtaxesalone.The

government,localauthorities,andnationalizedindustriesthereforefrequentlyneedto

borrowmoneytofinancemajorcapitalspending,andtheytoo,cometotheStock

Exchange.Thereishardlyamanorwomaninthiscountrywhosejoborwhosestandard

oflivingdoesnotdependontheabilityofhisorheremployerstoraisemoneytofinance

newdevelopment.Inonewayoranotherthisnewmoneymustcomefromthesavingsof

thecountry.IheStockExchangeexiststoprovideachannelthroughwhichthesesavings

canreachthosewhoneedfinance.

58^Almostallcompaniesinvolvedinnewproductionanddevelopmentmust.

A、relyontheirownfinancialresources

persuadethebankstoprovidelong-termfinance

C^borrowlargesumsofmoneyfromfriendsandpeopletheyknow

D^dependonthepopulationasawholeforfinance

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节辨析题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。见文章第一段，文中

指出从朋友和认识的人那儿等款前景黯淡，而银行只愿提供短期不愿提供长期，所

以公司耍向公众筹款（tumiothepublic）,因此，人口的多少是决定性因素，所以选

Do

59、Themoneywhichenablesthesecompaniestogoaheadwiththeirprojectsis

A^repaidtoitsoriginalownersassoonaspossible

B、raisedbythesellingofsharesinthecompanies

C、investedindifferentcompaniesontheStockExchange

D、exchangedforpartownershipintheStockExchange

标准答案：B、

知识点解析：细节辨析题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。见文章第一段，公司

从公众中筹款，力邀他们入股，通过证券交易所发行股份使公司得以继续运营。得

知正确答案是B。

60、Whenthesaverwanttheirmoneybackthey.

A、lookforotherpeopletoborrowmoneyfrom

BNtransfertheirmoneytoamoresuccessfulcompany

C、puttheirsharesinthecompanybackonthemarket

D^askanothercompanytoobtaintheirmoneyforthem

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节辨析题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。见文章第二段，当储

户想收回公司，他可以通过证券交易人将他的股份售卖给其他想投资的储户。从而

得知他可将公司股份投放市场，由此可知答案是C,

61、Alltheessentialservicesonwhichwedependare.

A^runbytheGovernmentorourlocalauthorities

B、inconstantneedoffinancialsupport

C、unabletoprovidefortheneedsofthepopulation

D、financedwhollybyratesandtaxes

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实归纳题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。见文章第三段特别是

最后一句话，Thegovernment,localauthorities,andnationalizedindustriestherefore

frequentlyneedtoharrowmoneytofinancemajorcapitalspending,andtheyloo,

cometotheStockExchange.得知正确答案是Bo

62、TheStockExchangemakesitpossiblefortheGovernment,localauthoritiesand

nationalizedindustries.

A、tomakecertaineverybodysavesmoney

B、tomakecertaineverybodylendsmoneytothem

C、toraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopments

D、toborrowasmuchmoneyastheywish

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节辨认题，在理解原文的基础上推理得知答案。根据文章的最后一

句话，TheStockExchangeexiststoprovideachannelthroughwhichthesesavingscan

reachthosewhoneedfinance以及倒数第二段的最后一句话，Thegovernment,local

authorities,andnationalizedindustriestheretorefrequentlyneedtoborrowmoneyto

financemajorcapitalspending,andtheytoo,cometotheStockExchange.得知答案

是Co

Friendshipisoneofthebasicbondsbetweenhumanbeings.Whilethecharacteristicsof

friendshipmightvaryfromonecountrytoanother,peoplefromallculturesnotonly

enjoyfriendsbutneedthem.Manystudieshaveshownthatteenagerswhohaveno

friendsoftensufferfrompsychologicaldisorders.Ithasbeenshownthatteenagers,

perhapsmorethananyotheragegroup,needcompanionshipandasenseofbelonging.

Thenegativeconsequencesoflonelinesshavealsobeenobservedamongtheelderly.The

deathofaspouseoftenleavesawidoworawidowertotallylonely.If,however,theyare

surroundedbyfriendsandrelativesandiftheyareabletoarticulatetheirfeelings,they

aremorelikelytorecoverfromtheirgrief."Nomanisanisland.'*Inotherwords,weare

allpartsofsociety.Weallneedthelove,admiration,respectandmoralsupportofother

people.Ifwearefortunate,ourfriendswillprovideuswithallofthesenecessaryaspects

oflife.Asmostpeopleobserve,therearemanylevelsoffriendship.Thedegreeor

intensityoffriendshipvariesdependingonthepersonalityoftheindividualsinvolvedand

thecontextoftherelationships.Extrovertsenjoybeingsurroundedbymanypeople

whereasintrovertsareperhapscontentwithfewerbutmoreintensefriendships.Everyone

isnotequallyopenwithalltheirfriends.Thedegreeofintimacyisdeterminedbymany

factors.Closefriendscanbeformedatanystageinone'slifebuttheyareusuallyvery

rare.Notverymanypeoplehavemorethanafewreallyclosefriends.Irrespectiveofthe

levelotintimacy,allfriendshipsarebasedonreciprocity,honestyandacertainamount

ofloveandaffection.

63、Thesecondparagraphimpliesthat.

A、teenagerswithoutfriendswillsufferfrompsychologicalproblems

B、awidoworawidowerwilldieverysoonwithoutcompanionships

C>humanbeingsneedcompanionshipsandasenseofbelonging

D、bothAandB

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节推理题。文章第二段提到没有朋友的青少年和丧偶的老年人常常

会有心理问题，并提到陪伴和归属感是他们共同的需求，所以C为正确答案。答

案A和B都过于武断，作者只是说一般而言，并没有说一定会，所以不对。

64>Nomanisanisland(Line1,Para.3)impliesthat.

A、everyoneisapa