Unit 2 Section A Grammar focus (3a-3d) 语法(2024新版)人教版七年级(下册)

PresentationUnit2

NoRules,NoOrderSectionAWhatrulesdowefollow?

GrammarFocus(3a-3d)语法课公开课

单元主题范畴：人与社会单元主题内容：自我管理PresentationLearningObjectives1.能够利用大家耳熟能详的“冰雪奇缘”主题曲歌词，在多个贴近实际生活的学习情境中，通过观察和分析示例句子，深入理解并准确辨析祈使句和情态动词的表意功能。(学习理解)2.能够发现并总结祈使句和含有情态动词的句子中的动词的形态变化特点。能够归纳和掌握祈使句的句式结构、意义和用法。能够根据语境，正确运用情态动词can、must、haveto。能够使用祈使句和情态动词谈论学习和生活中的规则。（学习理解，应用实践）3.通过完成4d,学生能够熟练运用祈使句和情态动词介绍规则，并在班级活动中积极参与“绘制规则标识”游戏，最终评选出表现最佳的团队。（迁移创新）PresentationWatchandfill________letthemin._________letthemsee______thegoodgirl.YoualwayshavetobeConceal,don'tfeel,don’t_____themknowWell,nowtheyknow.____________.____________.Can'tholditbackanymoreLetitgo.Letitgo______awayandslamthedoorIdon’tcarewhatthey’regoingtosay_____thestormrageonThecoldneverbotheredmeanywayDon’tBeDon’tLetitgoLetitgoTurnLetletWhatdotheyhaveincommon?Imperatives祈使句PresentationWatchandfillWhat

school

rules

do

they

follow?

______usecellphonesinclass.Rule

1:______cellphones

in

class.Rule

2:______yourhandtospeak.Rule

3:_________yourclassmatesandyourteacher.Rule4:___prepared(准备)forclass.Rule

5:______sleepinginclass.

______sleepinclass.NoDon’tRespectRaiseBeNoDon’t______obeytherules._______breaktherulesLet’sLet’snotPresentationLookandsayLookatthesignsandtalkaboutthemindifferentways.Don’tuseyourphonein

class.Don’tlitter.Don’truninthehallways.Don’ttalkinclass.Bequietinclass.Nophonecalls.Nolittering.Norunning.Washyourhands.Bequiet,please.Bepolitetoyourfriends.Keepoffthegrass.Watchyourhead.Nosmoking.Whatkindofsentencesarethey?Imperatives祈使句命令(command)请求(request)劝告(advice)禁止(prohibition)警告(warning)禁止(prohibition)PresentationReadandthinkWashyourhands.Bequiet,please.Bepolitetoyourfriends.Watchyourhead.Keepoffthegrass.Nosmoking.Don’tuseyourphonein

class.Don’ttalkinclass.Imperatives祈使句Whatarethecharacteristics(特点)ofimperativesentences?动词原形开头，否定形式在动词原形前加don't.无主语为表示礼貌,可在句首/句末加上please.(句末时,please前通常加逗号)表达命令(commands),请求(requests),劝告(advice),警告(warnings),禁止(prohibitions)等的句子命令(command)请求(request)劝告(advice)禁止(prohibition)警告(warning)禁止(prohibition)PresentationObserveandlearn3aReadthesentencesandanswerthefollowingquestions.Whichsentencesareimperativesentences（祈使句）?Whichsentencescontainmodalverbs（含有情态动词）?Whatarethemodalverbs?祈使句含有情态动词情态动词PresentationObserveandlearn3aReadthesentences.Dotheverbsinboldneedtochangeforms?Why?Dotheseverbschangeforms?Becauseaffirmativeimperativesentences(肯定祈使句)beginwiththebaseformofaverb.Innegativeimperativesentences(否定祈使句)theverbafter“don’t”shouldbeinthebaseform.Howabouttheseverbs?Dotheychangeforms?Modalverbs(情态动词)suchas“can”“must”and“haveto”arefollowedbythebaseformofaverb.No,theydon’t.Becausetheverbsappearinimperativesentencesoraftermodalverbs.在

祈使句中

和

情态动词后，动词均用原形。PresentationObserveandlearn祈使句的特点1.通常省略___________。2.其肯定形式常以____________开头，否定形式是_____________。3.祈使句句尾用______或________。主语you动词原形don’t+动词原形句号感叹号Presentation祈使句的类型ObserveandlearnDo型祈使句1Stopataredlight.Goatagreenlight.Waitatayellowlight.Don’ttalk.Don’tsmoke.肯定句：________

(+宾语)+其他.否定句：_____+动词原形(+宾语)+其他.动词原形Don’tBe型祈使句2Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.Beagoodgirl.Don’tbelateforschool.Don’tbenervous.

肯定句：____+表语(n./adj.)+其他.否定句：______+be+表语+其他.BeDon’tPresentation祈使句的类型ObserveandlearnLet型祈使句3Let’sreadabook.Letmehaveatry.Don’tlethergo.Lethernotgo.

肯定句：____+宾语+_________+其他.否定句：____+let+宾语+动词原形+其他.或Let+宾语+___+动词原形+其他.Let动词原形Don’tnotNo型祈使句4Nosmoking.Nofishing.Nophones.Nophotos.No+v-ing!/No+名词!2.禁止停车!Noparking!PresentationLookandsayMakeasummary.肯定祈使句②Be型祈使句③let型祈使句①do型祈使句否定祈使句Don’tbe+表语+其他.Don’tlet+宾语+动原+其他.Let+宾语+not+动原+其他.Don’t+动原+其他.Be+表语+其他.动原+其他.Let+宾语+动原+其他.No+动词-ing!No+名词!表示“禁止”④No型祈使句祈使句歌诀祈使句，祈使句，请求、命令或建议。主语是______常省去，_________开头记。否定形式要注意，______放到句首去。要讲客气用______，句首、句末没关系。Nodoing!需提起，表示________不小觑。you动词原形Don’tplease“禁止”PresentationLookandfillLet’spractice.1.It’sanimportantmeeting.

(not,be)late.2.

(not,make)anynoise!Yourmotherissleeping.3._(not,talk)and

(read)aloud.4.Thenoticeonthewallsays“

”.(nosmoke)5.

(look)out!Acariscoming.6.

(not,let)thebabycry.7.Let’s

(notsay)anythingaboutit.Don’ttalkDon’tmakereadNosmokingLookDon’tletnotsayDon’tbePresentationLookandsayCan

youfindotherwaystoexpresstherules?

Canwebringourphonestoclass?No,wecan’t.Wemust

keepthem

inourlockers.Canweeatsnacksinclass?No,wecan’teatinclass.Wehavetoeatinthedininghall.情态动词modalverb没有人称和数的变化。不能单独作谓语，必须和动词原形连用。表示说话人的语气和情绪，如请求、许可、意愿、可能、推测、建议等。PresentationLookandsayObserveandlearn3aReadthesentencesandcirclethemodalverbs.GrammarFocus出现了哪些情态动词？can,must,havetoWhatothermodalverbsarethere?maywillshould情态动词是动词的一种,表示说话人的语气和态度等.情态动词有一定的意义,但不能单独作谓语,一般和实义动词连用构成谓语.注意:PresentationLookandlearnModalverbs情态动词Readandsummarize:1.-CanIeatintheclassroom?-No,youcan’t.Butyoucaneatinthedininghall.2.Wecan’tfeedanimalsinthezoo.3.Youcangohomenow.可以;能不可以;不能可以;能可以;能1can表示请求或许可,意为“可以;能”,否定形式can’t意为“不可以;不能”.-Canyouplaythepiano?-No,Ican’t.ButIcanplaytheguitar.能;会不能;不会能;会2can表示能力,意为“能;会”,否定形式can’t意为“不能;不会”PresentationLookandlearnModalverbs情态动词Readandsummarize:1.-Canitbetrue?-No,itcan’tbetrue.2.Tomcan’tbeathome.可能不可能不可能cancan’t3can表示推测,意为“可能”,否定形式can’t意为“不可能”.(常用于否定句或疑问句)Can是情态动词，表示(conjecture推测/Ability能力/permission许可）其后用动词______,_______(有/无）人称变化否定形式是______原形无can’tCansb.+V原+sth.?Yes,sb.can./No,sb.can't.PresentationModalverbs情态动词Readandsummarize:LookandlearnmusthavetoFrankhasto/mustfinishhishomeworkbeforeplayingbasketball.两者都表示“必须”,有时可以互换使用.注意:

must和haveto用法并不完全相同.Itrains.Frankhastostopplayingbasketball.haveto+动词原形“不得不做...;必须做...”强调客观需要.有人称和数的变化.第三人称单数形式为hasto.PresentationModalverbs情态动词Readandsummarize:Lookandlearnmusthavetohaveto+动词原形“不得不做...;必须做...”强调客观需要.表示受到外在因素的压迫甚至威胁，内心不情愿做某事，但又“不得不”去做某事有人称和数的变化.第三人称单数形式为hasto.构成否定句或疑问句须借助助动词do和does.Frankhastostopplayingbasketball.改为否定句Frankdoesn’thavetostopplayingbasketball.否定句:疑问句:Frankhastostopplayingbasketball.DoesFrankhavetostopplayingbasketball?PresentationModalverbs情态动词Readandsummarize:LookandlearnmusthavetoIlikeEnglish.Imustlearnitwell.must+动词原形“必须;一定”强调主观意愿.认为有义务或有必要去做某事.Tomwantstogetintoagooduniversity.Hemuststudyhard.Wemustn’tcrosstheroadwhentheredlightison.must还可用于否定句中.注意:mustn’t表示禁止,“不要;不许”.Youmustn’tsmokehere.PresentationModalverbs情态动词Readandsummarize:LookandlearnmusthavetoMustIdomyhomeworknow?must还可用于疑问句中.注意:不能用mustn’t作否定回答.肯定回答:否定回答:Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t.No,youdon’thaveto.mustn’t表示禁止,不允许ThebookmustbeFrank’sbecausehisnameisonit.must还可表示把握性很大的推测,意为“一定;必然”.通常用于肯定句.FrankPresentationModalverbs情态动词Readandsummarize:Lookandlearnmusthaveto表达意义人称,数和时态否定形式123havetoSummarymust侧重于客观需要,含有“不得不”的意思侧重于说话者的主观意愿,认为有必要或者有义务去做某事有人称,数和时态的变化,第三人称单数形式为hasto无人称,数和时态的变化don’t/doesn’thaveto“不必”mustn’t禁止“不要;不许”PresentationLookandlearnLet’spractice.Completethesentenceswithcan,can’t,must,havetoorhasto.1.Ann______doherhomework,soshegoestoaskherteacherforhelp.2.Youdon’t______cleanyourroomtoday.Youcandoittomorrow.3.—______JimspeakEnglish?—No,hecan’t.4.—______Iwearmyschooluniform?—Yes,youmust.5.—Whatdostudents_________inlibrary?—They______keepquiet.can’thavetoCanMusthavetodohavetoPresentationLookandfill3bCompletethesentencesusingcan,haveto/must,orcan't/mustn't.1.Don’tjumpthequeue.You______________waityourturn.2.I______feedmydogmanykindsoffood,butI______________givehimchocolate.Itisbadforhim!3.A:CanIleavetheclassroomifIdon'tfeelwell?B:Yes,butyou_____tellyourteacheraboutitwhenyou_________beabsentfromclass.4.A:Hey!CanIlookatyourbook?B:Shh,we______________talkquietlyinthelibrary.5.A:Canyouputonyourseatbelt?We______________wearonewhenwe'reinacar.B:Sure.Thanks!haveto/mustcancan’t/mustn’thavetocanhaveto/musthaveto/mustjumpthequeue插队feedmydog喂狗beabsentfrom缺席talkquietlyinthelibrary在图书馆里轻声细语putontheseatbelt系上安全带/li:v/离开/ˈæbsənt/PresentationLookandsayLookatthefirstsignandreadtherules.Thenwritetherulesfortheothersigns.3cDonoteatordrink.Noeatingordrinking.Youcan’t/mustn’teatordrink.intheclassroominthelibraryinthemuseumWherecan

we

find

these

signs?PresentationLookandsayLookatthefirstsignandreadtherules.Thenwritetherulesfortheothersigns.3cDonotparkhere.Noparking.Youcan’t/mustn’tparkhere.onsidewalksatbusstopsincrosswalksDonottakephotos.Nophotos.Youcan’t/mustn’ttakephotos.inthemuseuminacinematemplehallsWherecan

we

find

these

signs?PresentationLookandsayLookatthefirstsignandreadtherules.Thenwritetherulesfortheothersigns.3cDonotswim.Noswimming.Youcan’t/mustn’tswim.bytheriver/lakeareaswithdangerousmarinelifeDonotfeedthebirds.Nofeeding.Youcan’t/mustn’tfeedthebirds.inthezoonaturereservesWherecan

we

find

these

signs?PresentationDrawandsay3dIngroups,brainstormthreerulesforoneoftheplacesbelow.Thendrawsignstoshowtherules.Shareyoursignsinclassandexplainwhattheymean.library

schooldininghall

park

cinema

hospitalInthelibrary：Wemustkeepquiet.Wemustn’tmakenoise.Wecan’t...librarydining

hallparkcinemahospitalPresentationDrawandsay3dIngroups,brainstormthreerulesforoneoftheplacesbelow.Thendrawsignstoshowtherules.Shareyoursignsinclassandexplainwhattheymean.libraryNonoise!Don’tmakenoise.Youcan’t/mustn’tmakenoise.Nosmoking!Don’tsmoke.Youcan’t/mustn’tsmoke.Nofood!Don’teatanddrink.Youcan’t/mustn’teatanddrink.Sample:Inthelibrary,wemustkeepquietfirst.Wemustn’tmakenoise.Second,wecan’tbringanyfoodordrinktothelibrary.Wemustkeepitcleanandtidy.What’smore,wemustn'tsmoke.Let’smakethe