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2024—2025学年辽宁省阜新市育才教育集团高二下学期开学考试英语试卷
一、阅读理解(★★)TheFutureofMuseums:EducationProgrammesMuseumshavelongenjoyedafruitfulrelationshipwithprimaryandsecondaryschools,workingwiththeeducationdepartmenttodevelopengagingcontentandvitalresources.AneventcalledTheFutureofMuseums:EducationProgrammesthatwillbeheldfromMondaytoThursdaynextmonthlooksatthecurrentlandscapeforschoolprogrammes,andexploreshowmuseumsmightadapttheirprogrammesintothefuture.It’sAugustnow,andtheeventiscomingsoon.Theprogrammeincludesgroupdiscussions,casestudiesandpractice-ledpresentationsonadiverserangeofissues.EventfeesVIPMember—£35OrdinaryMember—£45Non-member—£65Notamember?Jointodayandpayadiscountedpriceforthiseventaswellasreceivinglotsofothergreatbenefits.ImportantbookinginformationPleasesigninandchecktheemailaddressonyourprofilebeforebooking.Yourconfirmationandjoininginstructionemailswillgototheemailaddressyouusetoenterthewebsite.Ifyoucreateanewrecordwithadifferentemailaddress,yourmembershipwillnotberecognizedandyouwillbechargedtheincorrectfee.Youcancheckandchangeyouremailaddressbeforebooking.HowattendingthiseventhelpsyourprofessionaldevelopmentTheFutureofMuseums:EducationProgrammesprimarilyrelatestothedevelopingselfandothers,theabilityareasofsustaining(维持)partnerships.Itclearlyshowsdifferentareasofabilityandlevelswithinthoseareas,whichyoushouldbeaimingtoachievethroughoutyourwork.Oureventwillhelpyoutargetyourlearningandcreatefocusintheevent.Finally,youwillfindthatattendingtheeventhelpsyourprofessionaldevelopment.1.Whatistherighttimeforattendingtheevent?
A.Tues.26August.B.Wed.27August.C.Thur.26September.D.Fri.27September.2.Howmuchwillacouplewhoaren’tmemberspayfortheevent?
A.£35.B.£45.C.£65.D.£130.3.Whatcantheparticipantsgainfromtheevent?
A.Thewayofearningmoremoney.B.Thesupportoftheircareerdevelopment.C.Thesenseofachievementintheirwork.D.Thestrategyofstartingapartnership.(★★★)Theysaiditcouldn’tbedone.Theysaidhewascrazy.Theysaidhewouldnevermakeit.ButDuaneHansenandhisbeautifulpumpkin,whichhenamedBerta,provedthemallwrong.LikeCinderella’sfairygodmother,thisNebraskamanprovedthatyoureallycanturnapumpkinintoafunctionalvehicle—inthiscase,aseaworthyvessel(船).Yes,youreadthatright.Hansenwantedtocelebratehis60thbirthdaybyhollowingouthisprized846-poundpumpkinandsailingdowntheMissouriRiverinsideit.NotonlydidHansenenjoyapumpkinsailonhisspecialday,buthis38-milejourneyalsolandedhimaworldrecord!Incaseyouwondered,thepreviousworldrecordforthelongestsailinapumpkinwas25miles,setbyaNorthDakotamanin2018.Itwasn’taneasyjourney.Growingapumpkinbigenoughtouseasaboatisalreadyachallenge.Then,therewashischosenwaterway.ThecityofBellevue,Nebraska,postedaphotograghofHansenonthewaterthatoffersareminderofjusthowbigtheMissouriRiveris.“HehasalwayssaidthatyoucandoanythingyouwantandI’mjustsoproud,”Hansen’sdaughterMorganBuchholzsaid.Hansenreportedlyspentnearlyadecadetryingtogrowapumpkinbigenoughtoworkasasailingvessel.Hewasinspiredtobeginhismissionaftermeetingawomanwhohadpreviouslywon“theBiggestPumpkinCompetition”.Heaskedhermanyquestionsaboutherexperience.Asforhispumpkin-sailingfuture,“I’mdonewiththis.”Hansensaidthatthevoyagemadehiskneesache.Thewake(尾流)fromboatswasrough,andwhentheypassed,hesaidhehadtostopeverythingandjusthangon.“Ifsomebodybreaksthisrecord,Iwill,like,bowdowntothembecausetheyaretough,”hesaid.4.WhydidHansengoonapumpkinjourney?
A.Toobservehisbirthday.B.Toshowhisprizedpumpkin.C.Tobreakaworldrecord.D.Toprovepumpkincouldbeavessel.5.WhatdidHansendotomakehisjourneypossible?
A.Hechoseacalmwaterway.B.Hetalkedwiththepreviousrecordholder.C.Heconvincedhisfamilytosupporthisplan.D.Heworkedalongtimetogrowthepumpkin.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?
A.Hiskneesgotseriouslyinjuredinthesailing.B.Hisvesselturedoverinthewakefromboats.C.Hansenwillrespectwhoeverbreakshisrecord.D.Hansenwillcontinuethepumpkin-sailinginfuture.7.WhatdoesHansen’sstorytellus?
A.Itisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.C.Wherethere’sawill,there’saway.D.Fearalwaysspringsfromignorance(★★★)Tostudythebehaviorofmysteriousanimals,scientistsroutinelyfixthemwithGPSlocationtrackers.Butsuchdevices’batterycapacitylimitshowlongtheyoperate,oftenbringinganearlyendtovitalconservationwork.Solar-poweredtrackersbreakeasily,makingthemapoorchoicefordevicestiedtolargermammals—andtheydon’tworkfornocturnal(夜行的)creatures.SobiologistRasmusWorsoeHavmolleroftheUniversityofCopenhagenandhiscolleaguesturnedtoanotherabundantpowersource:kineticenergy(动能)generatedbyananimal’smovements.Theirkinetictracker,whichHavmoller’steamrecentlytestedondomesticdogs,awildsmallhorseandaEuropeanbison,couldtheoreticallysurvivefortheentirelifespanofanactiveanimal.Itisalsolighterandcheapertomakethanitsbattery-poweredcounterparts.“Thedesigniscleverandexciting,”saysMarkHebblewhite,ahabitatecologistattheUniversityofMontana,whowasnotinvolvedwiththenewwork.Theproof-of-conceptkinetictrackerworksbymeansofamagneticpendulum(磁摆)thatswingsaroundacoppercoil,generatingelectricityasthetaggedanimalmoves.Thedogsandbisoninthestudywereactiveenoughtocreatetheenergytotransmitonelocationperdayfor14daysand17days,respectively.Oneofthewildhorse’strackerslastedatleast146daysbutdidn’tgenerateadequatepowerfordailytransmissions,theresearchersreportedinPLoSONE.“Thelimitedpowergeneratedbytheanimals’movementsmeansthetechnologyisn’treadyforprimetimejustyet,”saysecologistEmilyStuddofBritishColumbia’sThompsonRiversUniversity,whowasn’tinvolvedinthestudy.Whentheresearcherswanttomonitoranimalsclosely,theyoftenneedGPSfixesmorethanonceaday.ButStuddsaysthat“withabitmoredevelopment,thiscouldbeagamechangerforwildlifeanimalresearchandmonitoring”.Havmollerandhiscolleagueshopeconservationworkerscanonedayusethistechnologytotrackspeciessuchastigers,leopardsandwolves,whichcaneasilydestroysolar-poweredtrackersandwhichhuntandtravelatnight.8.WhatisthemainproblemwithcurrentGPSlocationtrackersusedinconservationwork?
A.Theirbatteriesareharmfultoanimals.B.Theirbatterylifeislimited.C.Theysendweaksignals.D.Theybreakeasily.9.Whatisthemainlimitationofthekinetictrackertechnology?
A.Itisexpensivetomake.B.Itisn’tsuitableforlargermammals.C.Itdoesn’tworkfornocturnalcreatures.D.Itcan’tproduceenoughpowerfordailytransmissions.10.WhatdoesEmilyStuddthinkofthekinetictrackertechnology?
A.Itneedsimprovement.B.Itcanbewidelyusednow.C.Ithasreacheditsprimetime.D.Itisn’tgoodformonitoringwildlife.11.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?
A.TheImportanceofWildlifeTrackersB.TheMeaningofMonitoringDifferentWildAnimalsC.ToughNewWildlifeTrackerRunsonAnimalPowerD.ConservationWorkersUseNewMethodstoProtectAnimals(★★★)Whenyouheartheword“uncertainty”,howdoyoufeel?Scared,anxious,excitedorchallenged?Withmanyglobalchallengesstillongoing,wearelikelytofaceevenmoreoftheunknown,sowehadbettergetaccustomedtomanagingit.Sohowdowedetectuncertaintyandwhichpartofthebrainisresponsibleforit?Researchershavefoundthatnoradrenaline(去甲肾上腺素)isthekeychemicalinvolvedinourresponsetouncertainty.Toinvestigatetherolenoradrenalineplayswhenwearefacedwithuncertainevents,scientistsatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyconductedanexperimentwithmice.Theanimalsweretrainedtopushalever(杠杆)downwhentheyheardahighfrequencynoise.Iftheydidthis,theywererewardedwithadrinkofwater.Theywerealsotrainedtolearnthatthey’dreceiveanunpleasantpuffofairiftheleverwasactivatedwhenalowfrequencynoisewasplayed.Buttheresearchersaddedinanelementofuncertaintybyincludingasoundwherethefrequencywasunclear.Fromthisexperiment,theresearchersdiscoveredthatasmallpartinthebraincalledthelocuscoeruleus—anareathatmodulatesnoradrenaline—wasessentialindetectinguncertainty.Whenthehighfrequencywasclearandtherewardwasexpectedforthemice,theirnoradrenalinereleasewassmall.Butwhentheoutcomewasn’tclear,andtherewardwasasurprise,thereleasewasmuchlarger.Thiswashowthemice’sbrainslearnedtodealwithuncertainty.Astudywithhumanswasalsocarriedout.Theydiscoveredthatthesubjects’neurons(神经元)intheprefrontalcortex(前额叶皮质)respondmuchmoretolossthantogain.Namely,thisarearulesouravoidancebehaviourwhenweareunderstress.Thishelpsusunderstandourunwillingnesstoexposeourselvestouncertainty.Onceweunderstandthatourcognitiveandemotionalresponsestouncertaintyareanecessarypartofthehumanexperience.Acknowledgeinsteadoffearthem,perhapsmakingbigdecisionscanseemlessstressful.12.Whatistheuncertaintyintheexperimentwithmice?
A.Thehighfrequencynoise.B.Adrinkofwaterasareward.C.Theactiontopushaleverdown.D.Thenoisewithunclearfrequency.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“modulates”inparagraph4mean?
A.Removes.B.Adjusts.C.Lessens.D.Boosts.14.Howdoestheprefrontalcortexinfluenceourchoiceswhenwe’restressed?
A.Byseekingrewardingoutcome.B.Bymaintainingbalance.C.Byavoidingnegativeoutcome.D.Byreducinguncertainty.15.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthetext?
A.Responsestouncertaintycomenaturally.B.Uncertaintygivesbirthtopotentialrisks.C.Experimentscanpredictexpectedoutcomes.D.Noradrenalinetendstoresultfromuncertainty.(★★★)Howtostopprocrastinating(拖延)andmakeastartProcrastinatingisasmuchaboutfearasitisaboutmotivation.Perhapsyouhaveavoidedpayingbill,outliningaproposaloraskingsomeoneout.16.Fortunately,herearefourtipstogetyoumovingagain.Littlestepsforbigtasks.Mostprocrastinatorstellthemselves,“I’llwaituntilI’minthemood.”Let’sfaceit;you’renevergoingtofeellikebalancingyourcheque-bookorcleaningupthemessonyourdesk.Theseareboring,unpleasanttasks.17.Onewaytodothisistobreakyourjobintostepsthatcanbeaccomplishedbitbybit.18.Thosewhoprocrastinateoftenassumethatsuccessfulpeopleachievetheirgoalswithoutfrustration,self-doubtandfailure.Thisisunrealistic.Highlyproductivepeopleknowthatlifeisfrustrating.Theyassumethey’llencounterobstacles;whentheydo,theypersevereuntiltheyovercomethem.Tuneoutnegativethoughts.Whenyou’reavoidingatask,itmaybebecauseyou’refeedingyourselfunrealistic,negativemessages.19.Onceyouchangeyournegativethoughts,energyreturns.Giveyourselfcredit.20.Butifyouneverallowyourselftofeelsatisfiedwithyourefforts,you’llsoonfinditpointlesstotry.So,nomatterhowsmalltheachievementis,giveyourselfcredit.Thenyoucantackleyourtoughesttask.However,ifyouaresurethattherearegoodreasonswhyyouavoiddoingsomething,youmayneedtore-evaluateyourgoals.
A.Nevergiveup.B.Expectdifficulties.C.Sometimesyousimplyhavetogetyourselfgoing.D.Weusuallythinkofrewardsascomingfromtheoutside,E.Bywritingthemdown,youhaveachanceofriddingthem.F.Beherenow,anddon’tworryaboutthingsyouhavetodointhefuture.G.Whateverthething,puttingitoffoftenbecomesabiggerproblemthanactuallydoingit.二、完形填空(★★★)Whiletakinga20-hourtrainridealongtheedgeoftheTaklimakanDesertinnorthwesternChina,Ihadthekindofhumbling,educational,andaboveallelse,wonderful________withalocalthatalltravelerslongfor.AyoungChineseman________meonthetrain.My________friendspokevirtuallynoEnglish,soIhappilytookthe________topracticemyChinese.Overseveralhours,hewouldtellmeabouthowhehad________atwo-yearprofessionalschooltoquicklyfindajob________highwaysinordertohelpsupporthisfamily.Perhapsthemost________,however,wasthefactthatthismanspenthoursstudyingeverydayafterhardphysicallabor.Withoutbattinganeye,hewould________atranslatedEmersonpassagebeforeaskingabouttheliteraryinfluenceofAmerican________asawhole.”AndwhatdoyoualllearnaboutRussianauthors?”I________himaskingatonepoint.Itwouldhavebeeneasyto________myassumptionsaboutthishighwaybuilderwhohadneverbeenmorethanafewhundredmilesfromhome.Butthishighlyinformed,________,andadmirablepersonpreventedmedoingso.Inthecourseofacoupleofhours,he________mejusthowmuchonecangainfrom________withanopenmind,andawillingnessto________withlocalsfromallwalksoflife.21.A.experimentB.encounterC.competitionD.appointment22.A.treatedB.savedC.lecturedD.approached23.A.trueB.so-calledC.newD.long-lost24.A.chanceB.adviceC.troubleD.right25.A.visitedB.financedC.attendedD.founded26.A.buildingB.sweepingC.checkingD.guarding27.A.typicalB.obviousC.naturalD.remarkable28.A.publishB.quoteC.сорyD.download29.A.writersB.historiansC.workersD.students30.A.anticipateB.imagineC.recallD.catch31.A.lookintoB.relyonC.gooverD.dealwith32.A.well-behavedB.multi-skilledC.warm-heartedD.self-educated33.A.askedB.warnedC.showedD.promised34.A.travelingB.readingC.searchingD.teaching35.A.cooperateB.sideC.negotiateD.engage三、语法填空(★★★)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thisyearmarksthe10thanniversaryofthefirstpublicappearanceofCrestedIbises(朱鹮)36.(produce)bytheShanghaiDanceTheatre(SDT).ThedramawasinspiredbyChina’sachievementinsavingandprotectingthecrestedibis,whichisknown37.“birdofgoodfortune”inAsianculture.Thecrestedibis,withitsiconicredcrestandlongblackbeak,isbelievedtohaveexistedfor60millionyearsand38.(gradual)foundinChina,ontheKoreanPeninsula,JapanandRussiauntilthe1960s.Birdconservationistslistpesticides,fertilizers,hunting,environmentalandecologicalreasonsfor39.(bring)thebirdstotheedgeofextinction.ThecrestedibiswasthoughttobeextinctinChinauntilsevenwildbirds40.(spot)inYangxianCountyinNorthwestChina’sShaanxiProvincein1981,adiscovery41.causedcaptivebreeding(圈养繁殖)andstrengthenedprotectionofthespecies.Aftermorethan40yearsofcontinuousconservation,42.isestimatedthatthereareover11,000crestedibisesalivein2024.SDTintroducedthedramain2014,andintegratedChinesefolkdanceandWesternballet.TraditionalChinesedance43.(characteristic)areusedinupperbodymovements,whileballetandWesterndanceelementsfeatureinthefootwork,whichmakesitamasterpiecereceiving44.(recognize)bothhomeandabroad.“Forwhatwaslostinthepast,let’sappealtovaluethefutureforever,”SDTputitasthesloganinthepromotionalmaterialsofthedancedrama,remindingthepublic45.(learn)fromthelessonofthecrestedibisandprotectboththeenvironmentandtheecosystem.四、书信写作(★★★)46.假定你是校广播站英语节目“ScientificFrontier”的负责人李华,请给郑州大学客座教授Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次关于WorldOceanDay的访谈。内容包括:1.节目介绍;2.访谈的时间和话题。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearProfessorCaroline,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua五、书面表达(★★★)47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。MyheartpoundedasIstaredatthescreen.Ire-readthemessagefrommyfriend,Noelle.Someonehadupsetherbysharingherpersonalnews,arecentdevelopmentNoellehadsharedwithonlyafewclosefriends,includingme.Shedidn’tknowwholetthewordout,butshewashurtanddisappointed.Ifeltsoguilty.IknewhowthenewshadgotoutbecauseIhadbeentheonetotellsomeoneelse.Honestly,Ihadn’trealizedshemeanttokeepitsoclosetohome,butatthesametimeI’dknownitwasn’tagoodideawhenIstartedtotellittosomeoneelse.Didshereallynotknowitwasme?Itwouldhavebeeneasytocomecleanandapologizeifhernotewasanaccusation.Butitreadasthoughithadbeencopiedandpast
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