2025年2月上海市高三联考高考调研英语试题(答案详解)

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页2025上海高考英语调研卷（2025年2月）(考试时间105分钟，满分115分)I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.GettingOverThe“Ick”Gettingthe“ick”canruinabuddingromanceoranongoingdate.It’sthatsuddenfeelingofdisgust1makesyouwanttobackaway.Maybeyouheardthemmakeanawkwardnoise,mocksomeoneunfairly,oreatmessily.Oncethe“ick”setsin,it’shardtoshakeoff,leavingyouquestioning2tomoveforward.Disgust,thoughoftenoverlookedinresearch,isastrong,primal(原始的)emotion.Likefearoranger,it’striggeredinspecificsituationsand3(vary)betweenindividuals.Whilesomereactionsareuniversal—likedisgustatrottingfoodorunhygienicacts—peoplewithhighsensitivitytodisgustmightfeeliteveninslightsituations,suchasapartner’s4(crack)lipsormessyeating.Disgustevolvedtoprotectusfromharm,5spoiledfoodormoralwrongdoing.However,whenitrushedintoourromanticlives,itraisesquestions:Isitasignaltostop,or6wecanworkthrough?Studiesshowthatheighteneddisgustsensitivityislinkedtoemotionalchallenges,suchaslowdesireoraversion.Inrelationships,mismatchedthresholdsfordisgustcancauseconflicts—onepartner’slimitsmightfeelrestrictivetotheother.Overcomingthe“ick”involves7(reduce)disgustsensitivity.Disgustcanbereducedinmuchthesamewayasweworktoreduceaperson’sfear:Gradualexposuretoincreasinglygreaterlevelsofthestimulus.Inotherwords,startsmallandincreaseyourexposuretothethingthatmakesyoudisgustedandyourresponsewillbecome8(dramatic).Ifthe“ick”istiedtoapersonratherthananact,reflectioniskey.Stronginitialfeelingsofconnectionmaybeworthworking9thediscomfort.Relationshipsoftenallowustooverlookflaws,10ifthetriggerisatruedealbreaker—somethingmorallyunacceptable—it’stimetotrustyourinstinctsandmoveon.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.fuelB.escapeC.equivalentsD.patternsE.wrestleF.containG.promotingH.gamesI.rankJ.forcingK.addressingCalifornia’sGrowingWildfireCrisisCalifornia’swildfireshavebeenfueledbyincreasinglydangerousconditionsoverthepasttwodecades,creatingagrowingcrisis.TherecentMountainFireinVenturaCountyhighlightsthisalarmingtrend.Over10,000residentswereforcedto11theirhomesasthefirequicklyspread,injuringatleast10peopleandleavingdozensofhousesinashes.Injusttwodays,theblazeconsumedover20,000acres,12GovernorGavinNewsomtodeclareastateofemergency.Expertspointtoadestructive“environmentalrecipe.”Beforethefire,forecastersissuedarareRedFlagwarning,cautioningthatdrywindsandlowhumiditycouldturninto13forfast-spreadingwildfires.WhentheMountainFireerupted,strongSantaAnawindscarriedembers(灰烬)farandwide,whilevegetationfromtwounusuallywetwintersactedasready14.Asaresult,thefirecouldescalaterapidly,leavingfirefightersstrugglingto15it.Climatechangehasfurthershiftedthelandscape.Risingtemperaturesandprolongeddroughtshavemadevegetationdrierandmoreignitable.Atthesametime,wetterwintershaveencouragedplantgrowththatlaterdriesout,becomingkindlingforfires.Fallandwinterblazes,unliketheirsummer16,aredrivenbyintensewindsandlowerhumidity,makingthemhardertocontrol.Manyhistorical17showtheseverityofthistrend.TheWoolseyFirein2018andtheThomasFirein2017,bothoccurringinwinter,18amongCalifornia’smostdestructive.Additionally,morethanhalfofthestate’slargestfireshavebeenrecordedinthelastdecade,underscoringtheroleofclimatechange.AsCaliforniacontinuesto19withworseningwildfires,thestakesgrowhigher.Without20theseenvironmentalshifts,thebattleagainstfirewillbecomeanevenmoredifficultgameofsurvival.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Artificialintelligence(AI)iscommonlyusedtomakepredictionsfromdatasets,butthistypicallyrequirescreatingamodelforeachtask.Hollmannetallhavedevelopedasolution—afoundationmodel—thatapplyingmachinelearningacrossdifferenttaskswithouttask-specifictraining.Thisdevelopmentcouldstreamlinepredictiontasks,suchaspredictingpatientdeteriorationinhospitals.Inatypicaltabularmachinelearningscenario,ahospitalusesatotrackpatientinformation,suchasage,blood-oxygenlevel,andvitalsigns,withthelastcolumnindicatingifapatient’scondition.Amodelisthentrainedonthisdatatopredictrisk.,youneedtotrainmultiplemodelsfordifferenttasks,whichistime-consuming.WithafoundationmodellikeTabPFN,youcanimmediatelyuseanydatasettomakewithouttraininganewmodeleachtime.Foundationmodels,likeTabPFN,areandcanbeappliedacrossmanytasks,similartotoolslikeChatGPTandStableDiffusion.Thesemodelsreducetheeffortandtimerequiredformachinelearningtasks,fasterdeploymentofAIsolutionsinhealthcare,finance,andmore.TabPFNhasseveralkeyadvantages:itcanhandlenewdatasetsquickly,makingpredictionsinofasecondwithouttraining.Italsodealswellwithissueslikemissingvaluesandoutliersandperformsexcellentlyondatasetswithupto10,000rowsand500columns.Toovercomethechallengeoflimitedreal-worlddata,TabPFNwaspre-trainedon100millionrandomlygenerateddatatablethatrealdata’sstatisticalproperties.Thisallowedittolearngeneralpatternswithoutrelyingonactualdatasets.Evenifpredictionscanbemadeinlessthanasecond,TabPFNisnotchallenges.Itisa“blackbox,”souserscannoteasilyunderstandhowitmakespredictions.Itmayalsowithverylargedatasets,particularlythosewithover10,000rowsand500columns.Asthefirstmodelofitskind,itsfullandlimitationsarestillbeingexplored.Despitethesechallenges,TabPFNcouldmarkthebeginningofaintabularmachinelearning.DatascientistsmaysoonusefoundationmodelslikeTabPFNtohandlemuchoftheheavylifting,openingthedoorforfaster,moreefficientmachinelearningapplications,similartotheimpactoflargelanguagemodelsonnaturallanguageprocessing.21．A．unique B．complex C．typical D．temporary22．A．complicates B．simplifies C．restricts D．blocks23．A．diagram B．chart C．graph D．table24．A．worsened B．expanded C．evolved D．decreased25．A．Occasionally B．Similarly C．Traditionally D．Typically26．A．assumptions B．predictions C．evaluations D．preparations27．A．flexible B．systematic C．trained D．approachable28．A．providing B．improving C．gaining D．enabling29．A．transitions B．microseconds C．durations D．fractions30．A．represent B．ignore C．imitate D．reject31．A．facedwith B．freefrom C．strivingfor D．combinedwith32．A．benefit B．enhance C．struggle D．lengthen33．A．schemes B．potentials C．outputs D．intentions34．A．decline B．charge C．shift D．modification35．A．harmful B．gradual C．insignificant D．transformativeSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Ispentanhourormoresittingonthefloorofmybedroominmynightgown,unpackingmybooksfromthetravelingtrunkandputtingthemonthebookshelf.Iarrangedthemalphabetically:LouisaMayAlcott,FrancesHodgsonBurnett,LewisCarroll,CharlesDickens...ThenItookthemallofftheshelfandstartedagain.ThistimeIusedthespinestocreatearainbowofcolor—blue,green,gray,black...Iputmybookoffairytalesonthebedsidetable;itdidn’tlivewithmyotherbooks.Mybrother,Robert,hadgivenittomeformytwelfthbirthday,verynearlyayearago.Itwasfilledwiththemostbeautifulpicturesyoucouldeverimagine—pageafterpageofenchantedforests,underwatercities,androyalpalaces.Thelongeryoulookedatthosepictures,themoreyouwouldsee—therewerepictureswithinthepictures,worldswithinworlds.Mynewbedroomwasatthebackofthehouseoverlookingthegardenandthewoodsbeyond.Iopenedtheheavycurtainsandstoodatthedarkwindow,butallIcouldseewasmyownreflectionlookingbackatme.Thereweredarkcirclesundermyeyes;myhairwasatangledbrownmess.Ayearago,Mamawouldhavelaughedandsaid,“Youlooklikeyou’vebeendraggedthroughahedgebyarunawaypony,Hen.”Shewouldhavepulledmetowardherandgentlybrushedatthebird’snestuntilmyhairshone.Shewouldhavekissedmegoodnight.Iblinkedawaythetears,andpulledthecurtainstogetherbehindmetoshutoutthelight.Thedarknessbeyondthewindowwasvastanddeep,nothinglikethehazygrayofLondonatnight.Thisskybelongsinmybookoffairytales,Ithought.Anevilqueen’sblackvelvetcloak,embroideredwithdiamonds.AndthenIsawthesmoke.Itwasdriftingupfromtheshadowywoods.AsIsquintedatit,Isawatinyorangelightflickeringamongthetrees.Afire.Someonehaslitafireinourforest.36．Whatdistinguishesthebookoffairytalesfromtheotherbooksintheauthor’scollection?A．Itwasagiftfromtheauthor’smother. B．Itcontainspicturesofbeautifulplaces.C．Itistheauthor’sfavoritebook. D．Itistheoldestbookinthecollection.37．Whatdoestheauthorcomparethenightskywithwhenlookingoutthewindow?A．Ascenefromhisfairytalebook. B．ThecurtainofnightinLondon.C．Astorytoldbytheirmother. D．Anadventurewiththeirbrother.38．Whatistheprimarythemeofthepassage?A．Thejoyoforganizingandarrangingpersonalbelongings.B．Theimportanceoffamilytraditionsandheirlooms.C．Theexcitementofdiscoveringnewplacesandadventures.D．Thecomfortfoundinfamiliarroutinesduringtimesofchange.39．Whatdoestheauthor’sinteractionwiththebookoffairytalessymbolizeinthepassage?A．Adesiretoescaperealityandimmerseinfantasy.B．Alongingforchildhoodinnocenceandsimplicity.C．Anappreciationforartisticbeautyandcreativity.D．Aconnectiontotheirbrotherandfamilymemories.(B)Awell-designedPowerPointpresentationcanhelpcommunicateyourideaseffectivelyandengageyouraudience.Toavoidcreatingtext-heavyslidesthatboreyouraudience,followtheseessential4sortsoftipscompiledfromPowerPointexpertFerryPereboom.1.TextTips:KeepTextShort:Sticktothe5×5rule—nomorethan5lineswith5wordsperline.ChooseReadableFonts:Useclassic,easy-to-readfontslikeCalibriorHelvetica.FontSize:Setheadersto20ptandbodytextto18ptforbetterlegibility.2.DesignTips:IncreaseContrast:Maketexteasytoreadbyusinghighcontrast,suchasdarktextonalightbackground.UseColorsWisely:Choosecolorsbasedonyouraudience—brightcolorsforinformalpresentationsandsubdued(柔和的)tonesforprofessionalsettings.PowerPointShapes:Replacebulletpointswithshapestomakeyourmessageclearerandvisuallyappealing.SelectRelevantVisuals:Usehigh-qualityimagesthatsupportyourmessageandmaintainconsistency.Mock-upsOverScreenshots:Usedevicemock-upsinsteadofscreenshotsforamorepolishedlook.VisualizeData:Usegraphs,charts,andSmartArttorepresentdataclearly.SimplifyTables:Avoidclutterintablesbyremovingunnecessarybordersandcolors.IndustryTemplates(模版):Useindustry-specifictemplatestomakeyourslidesmorerelevant.3.____________:MinimizeTransitions:Usesimpletransitions,likefade,tokeepthefocusonyourcontent.PresenterView:UsePresenterViewtomonitortime,slides,andnotes.ProvideanOutline:Startwithawelcomeslide,followedbyamenuslideandasummaryslidetohelpyouraudiencefollowalong.4.HardwareTips:BackUpYourPresentation:Saveyourslidesinmultipleformats(e.g.,PDForGoogleSlides)topreventtechnicalissues.Byapplyingthesetips,youcancreateaPowerPointthatisengaging,clear,andprofessional,ensuringyourmessageiscommunicatedeffectively.40．Whichofthefollowingphrasescanbestfillintheblank?A．StandardizationTips B．OrientationTipsC．LimitationTips D．Easy-to-ReadTips41．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmayupsettheaudience’svisualexperienceduringaratherformalmeeting?A．Templatescustomizedforthecorrespondingacademicfields.B．Calmandsoftbackgroundcolorscombinedwithtextsusinghigh-contrastcolors.C．Adiagramdirectlycapturedfromapaperviaprintscreenkeyonthekeyboard.D．Ideasdescribedinaneasyformandappropriatenumberoftechnicalterms.42．Sherylispreparingforherannualacademicmedicaloutcomepresentation.Followingisoneofherslides.Tomodifytheunproperplace(s),sheshouldrefertoSort________oftips.A．1 B．2 C．1and4 D．1,2,3and4(C)AttemptstogeneticallyengineertheAmericanchestnuttree(Darling58)havefailed,exposingtherisksofrushedsolutionstocomplexproblems.InDecember2023,theAmericanChestnutFoundation(TACF)announceditwasendingitsyears-longefforttocreateablight-resistantchestnut.Thesetreesgrewpoorly,failedtoresistdisease,andoftendied.TheAmericanchestnut,onceabundantinEasternU.S.forests,wasdestroyedbyblightintheearly1900s.Somesurvivingtreessproutedfromstumpsorresistedthediseasenaturally.Effortstorestorethespecieshavedividedscientistsintotwocamps:oneadvocatingfornaturalrestorationandtheotherforgeneticengineering(GE).TheGEapproachstartedin1989,ledbyresearchersatSUNY-ESFwithbackingfromindustryplayerslikeDukeEnergy,andMonsanto.In2020,researcherssoughtUSDAapprovaltoderegulateDarling58.Thetreewasengineeredwithawheatgenetocombattheacidproducedbychestnutblight.However,criticsarguedthetestingperiodwastooshorttopredictthetree’slong-termimpact.TheproposedplantospreadGEtraitsthroughwildforestssparkedfearsofecologicalharm.By2023,itwasrevealedthatyearsofresearchhadmistakenlyusedthewrongtreevariety(Darling54).TACFwithdrewsupport,citingpoorresults,reducedsurvivalrates,andcommercialconflictsinvolvingafor-profitcompany.Despitesetbacks,SUNY-ESFcontinuestopushforUSDAapproval,claimingthetreesaresafe.Meanwhile,organizationsliketheAmericanChestnutCooperatorsFoundationfocusonnaturalmethods,breedingpurechestnutswithblightresistance.HybridizationwithChinesechestnutsisanothermethodunderdevelopment.TheDarling58debaclehighlightstherisksofgeneticengineeringandcommercialmotivesbehindGEtrees.CriticsarguethatGEislessaboutforesthealthandmoreaboutprofitsfromfaster-growingorindustriallymodifiedtrees.Asthedebatecontinues,thelessonremainsclear:sciencemustproceedcautiously,especiallywhendealingwithlong-livingspeciesliketrees.43．Theprimarypurposeofthispassageisto________.A．criticizetheuseofgeneticengineeringonchestnuttreesinforestrestoration.B．describethemainhistoryoftheAmericanchestnuttree’sdeclinesincethe1900s.C．explainthecontroversysurroundingtherestorationoftheAmericanchestnuttree.D．promotenaturalbreedingasthebestsolutionforchestnuttreerestoration.44．WhydidtheUSDApetitionforDarling58facecriticism?A．Thetestingperiodwasnotlongenoughtopredictlong-termeffects.B．Thegeneticallyengineeredtreeswerenotresistanttoblight.C．TheUSDAwasaccusedoffavoringgeneticengineeringcompanies.D．Thepetitiondidnotincludeinputfromenvironmentalscientists.45．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Darling58chestnuttreeswereapprovedforwidespreadplantingin2023.B．NaturalmethodsofrestoringtheAmericanchestnutshownopromise.C．Criticsbelievethegeneticengineeringisprofit-drivenratherthanecological.D．TACFfullysupportsSUNY-ESF’seffortswithDarling58chestnuttrees.46．Whatcanbeinferredaboutreleasinggeneticallyengineeredtreesintothewild?A．ItmayleadtoderegulationandcommercializationofGEtrees.B．Itwillrapidlyrestoreecosystemswithminimalrisks.C．Itprovescorporateinterestsalignwithenvironmentalgoals.D．ItshowsGEismorereliablethannaturalrestoration.SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Thecomplexrelationshipbetweenmusicandmemoryisprofound.Musicactsasastrongtriggerforemotionsandmemories,transportingindividualsbacktospecificmomentsinthepast.Long-termmemorysplitsintoexplicitandimplicittypes.Explicitoneinvolvesconsciousrecall,likeacademiclearningandpersonalexperiences.Implicitmemoryworksautomatically,likeplayinginstrumentsorrememberinglyrics.47Itoftenlastsalifetimeevenwithoutpractice.DiseaseslikeAlzheimer’smainlyaffectexplicitmemorysystems.48Thisleadstoalikingforfamiliarpiecesduetothemereexposureeffect.Majorrecordlabelsuseitthroughfrequentairplaytoboostrecordsales.Implicitmemoryworkslikeclassicalconditioning,whereanevent,emotion,andsongbecomelinked.EltonJohn’s“CandleintheWind”isstronglyconnectedwithPrincessDianaasheperformeditatherfuneral.Music-triggeredmemoriesoftencomefromimportantlifestages,especiallybetweentheagesof10and30,knownasthe“reminiscencebump.”Musicfromthistimeismorelikelytobelinkedwithvividmemoriescomparedtootherperiods.Theteenageyearsandtwentiesarecrucialforformingmusicpreferences.49Ithelpsthemrecallvividmemoriesfromtheiryouth.Despiteseverememoryloss,peoplewithdementiaoftenremembermusicwell.Researchshowsself-chosenmusiccanbringbackpositivememoriesthatmightotherwisebehardtorecall.Musichelpsunlocknon-musicalmemoriesandimprovescommunicationamongolderadultswithAlzheimer’sdisease,asortofdiseaseconcerningone’slong-termmemory.Listeningtomusicfromimportantlifeevents,likeweddingsorfunerals,canbringaboutdeeplynostalgicandemotionalexperiences.50A．Itisnowwidelyusedtocurelotsofseverediseases.B．Thisemotionalconnectionallowsindividualstorecalldetailsoftheirpast.C．Music’sabilitytoreachthemindsofAlzheimer’spatientsisremarkable.D．Explicitmemoryfadeswithoutactiverecall,butimplicitmemoryisdurable.E．Implicitmemorycanformthroughpassivelisteningtobackgroundmusic.F．Rememberingthingsisoftenhard,butmusichelpsbringbackmemorieslinkedtoasong.III.SummaryWriting51．Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.InsidetheNFLFootballFactoryCheeringforyourfootballteamastheythrowalongpassisaclassicAmericantraditionthatstartedinthelate1800s.Today’sfootballs,oftencalled“pigskins,”arenolongermadefrompigbladders.Theyaremadefromcowhideleatherwithrubberinside.Eventhoughthematerialshavechanged,theshapeandsizeofNFLfootballshavestayedthesameforover100years.Dr.RabindraMehta,aformerNASAscientist,explainsthatafootballisdesignedtobemoreaerodynamicthanabaseball.Footballsaremadefromfourpiecesofleather,shapedlikeleavesandsewntogetherinsideout.Theleatheristhensteamedtomakeitsoftenoughtoturnright-sideout.Anairbladderisinserted,andthefootballislacedbyhand.Afootballisn’taperfectsphere(球体)butaprolatespheroid,whichmeansit’soval-shapedwithpointedends.Thisshapemakesiteasiertograspandhelpstheballtravellongerdistances.Thesurfaceofthefootball,includingthetextureoftheleather,thestitching,andthelaces,helpstheairflowstayattachedlonger,reducingdragcomparedtoaroundobjectlikeabaseball.Whenabaseballfliesthroughtheair,theairbendsaroundit,creatingdragthatslowsitdown.Golfballshavedimplesontheirsurfacetoreducedrag.Similarly,thetexturedsurfaceandcurvedshapeofafootballhelpcreateaturbulent(湍流的)layerofairaroundit,allowingairtostayattachedlongerandreducingdrag.MITprofessorAnetteHosoisaysit’shardtopredictdragonobjectslikefootballs.Dragdependsontheshapeoftheairbehindtheball,whichchangeswiththeball’sposition,speed,andsurfacetexture.Airtemperaturealsoaffectsdrag;warmerairislessdense,sofootballsmayflyfartheronwarmerdays.Afootballthrownwithatightspiral(螺旋形)isfuntowatch.Thespinoftheballstaysalignedwiththedirectionit’smoving,justlikeabullet.Thisskilliswhatmakesquarterbackssoimpressive._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IV.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52．他背上行囊，与家人告别，踏上了伟大征途。(farewell)(汉译英)53．落日霞光下的海面熠熠生辉，各地游客络绎不绝。(stream)(汉译英)54．古人对天文现象的独特理解浓缩于“银河”之名，尽显他们对迷人星空的浪漫想象。(capture)(汉译英)55．既然那场悲剧已时过境迁，那么为何村里人仍心有余悸，甚至规定每逢大年初一必须张灯结彩呢？(tragic)(汉译英)V.GuidedWriting56．Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.你是未来中学的高三学生小星，正在完成一份英语学科的跨文化研习课题。请根据以下给出的报告提纲，撰写一篇文章阐述研究所得。FestivalsinChinaandWesternCountriesReporter:XiaoXingSteps1.ChooseonetypicalfestivalfromeachofChinaandWesternCountries.2.Comparethetwofestivalsinatleasttwoaspects,whetherincommonordifferent.(Suchastheculturalbackground,waystocelebrate,etc.)3.Analyzewhythesefeaturesareincommonordifferent.4.FindcommonalitiesordifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternculturesthefestivalsreflect.(ifany,orcanbeomitted)MainText………………_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．that2．whether3．varies4．cracked5．like##including6．something7．reducing8．lessdramatic9．through##against10．but【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了厌恶这种情绪对人的影响。1．考查强调句。句意：这种突然的厌恶感让你想要退后。此处为强调句：itis+被强调部分+that/who+其他，被强调部分为thatsuddenfeelingofdisgust，故填that。2．考查疑问词。句意：一旦“恶心”来了，就很难摆脱，让你怀疑是否要继续前进。此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构，且表示“是否”应用whether。故填whether。3．考查时态。句意：就像恐惧或愤怒一样，它是在特定的情况下触发的，因人而异。作并列谓语，且陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用三单形式。故填varies。4．考查形容词。句意：虽然有些反应是普遍的，比如对腐烂的食物或不卫生的行为感到厌恶，但对厌恶高度敏感的人即使在轻微的情况下也会感到厌恶，比如伴侣的嘴唇开裂或吃得一团糟。修饰名词lips用形容词cracked“破裂的，有裂纹的”。故填cracked。5．考查介词。句意：厌恶进化是为了保护我们免受伤害，比如/包括变质的食物或不道德的行为。后跟名词作宾语，表示“比如”或“包含”应用介词like或including。故填like/including。6．考查代词。句意：然而，当它闯入我们的浪漫生活时，问题就来了：这是一个停止的信号，还是我们可以解决的问题？此处表示“某事”应用不定代词something，作表语。故填something。7．考查非谓语动词。句意：克服“恶心”需要降低厌恶敏感性。短语involvedoingsth.表示“涉及做某事”。故填reducing。8．考查比较级。句意：换句话说，从小事做起，增加你对让你厌恶的事情的接触，你的反应就会变得不那么剧烈。作表语，且表示“不那么剧烈的”应用形容词dramatic的比较级，在前面加less。故填lessdramatic。9．考查介词。句意：最初强烈的联系感可能值得解决不适。短语workthrough/against表示“克服，解决”。故填through/against。10．考查连词。句意：感情常常让我们忽略缺点，但如果导火索是真正的分手者——道德上不可接受的事情——是时候相信你的直觉，继续前进了。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。11．B12．J13．H14．A15．F16．C17．D18．I19．E20．K【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了加州日益严重的野火危机。11．考查动词。句意：随着火势迅速蔓延，1万多名居民被迫逃离家园，至少10人受伤，数十座房屋化为灰烬。根据“theirhomesasthefirequicklyspread,injuringatleast10peopleandleavingdozensofhousesinashes”以及句意“逃离”可知应用动词escape，且上文为短语beforcedtodosth.。故选B。12．考查动词。句意：在短短两天内，大火烧毁了2万多英亩土地，迫使州长加文·纽森宣布进入紧急状态。根据“GovernorGavinNewsomtodeclareastateofemergency.”以及句意“迫使”可知应用动词force，此处用现在分词作状语。故选J。13．考查名词。句意：火灾发生前，预报员发布了罕见的红旗警告，警告说干燥的风和低湿度可能会成为快速蔓延的野火的游戏。根据“forfast-spreadingwildfires”以及句意“游戏”可知应用复数名词games，作宾语，故选H。14．考查名词。句意：当山火爆发时，强烈的圣安娜风把余烬吹到很远的地方，而两个异常潮湿的冬天的植被则成为现成的燃料。根据“WhentheMountainFireerupted”以及句意“燃料”可知应用名词fuel，作宾语。故选A。15．考查动词。句意：因此，火灾可能会迅速升级，让消防员难以控制火势。根据“thefirecouldescalaterapidly,leavingfirefightersstrugglingto”以及句意“控制”可知应用动词contain，此处为不定式作宾语，故选F。16．考查名词。句意：秋季和冬季的火灾与夏季的对应不同，它们是由强风和较低的湿度驱动的，这使得它们更难控制。根据“Fallandwinterblazes,unliketheirsummer”以及句意“对应”可知应用复数名词equivalents，作宾语，故选C。17．考查名词。句意：许多历史模式都表明了这一趋势的严重性。根据“showtheseverityofthistrend”以及句意“模式”可知应用名词patterns，结合many可知为复数。故选D。18．考查动词。句意：2018年的伍尔西大火和2017年的托马斯大火都发生在冬季，排名加州最具破坏性的火灾之一。根据“amongCalifornia’smostdestructive”以及句意“排名”可知应用动词rank，作谓语，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为TheWoolseyFirein2018andtheThomasFirein2017，谓语用原形。故选I。19．考查动词。句意：随着加州继续与不断恶化的野火作斗争，风险越来越高。根据“withworseningwildfires,thestakesgrowhigher”以及句意“作斗争”可知应用动词wrestle，此处为不定式作宾语，故选E。20．考查动词。句意：如果不解决这些环境变化，与火灾的斗争将成为一场更加艰难的生存游戏。根据“theseenvironmentalshifts”以及句意“解决”可知应用动名词addressing，作介词的宾语。故选K。21．A22．B23．D24．A25．C26．B27．A28．D29．D30．C31．B32．C33．B34．C35．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了新开发了一种名为TabPFN的人工智能模型，简化了机器学习在不同任务之间的应用，而无需特定任务的训练。介绍了其工作原理以及存在的挑战。21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人工智能（AI）通常用于从数据集进行预测，但这通常需要为每个任务创建