复旦大学考博英语模拟试卷13

复旦大学考博英语模拟试卷13

一、词汇（本题共30题，每题7.0分，共30分。）

1、Youradvicewouldbevaluabletohim,whoisnowatalossastowhattodo

first.

A、exceedingly

B>excessively

C、extensively

D、exclusively

标准答案：A

知识点解析：从词义上看，B项“过分地，非常地”、C项“广阔地”和D项“排外

地，专有地”用在句中均不恰当。只有A项exceedingly”非常地，极度地”符合题

意，如：Michaeldroveexceedinglyfast.（麦克尔开车开得过快。）故答案为A。

2、Sherefusedtothedoorkeytothelandladyuntilshegotbackherdeposit.

A^handin

B、handout

C^handdown

D、handover

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题考查动词hand与介词的搭配。handin表示“交出,交上”;hand

out表示“把拿出来，分发，施舍“；handdown表示“传下来,宣布“；handover

表示“移交,让与如:Thepickpocketwashandedovertothepolice.（扒手被移交

警方。）显然，D项正确。

3、Thelowoperatingcostsoftheforeigncompanywillthehighlaborcoststhe

businesspaysinitsowncountry.

A、offend

obstruct

C、oblige

D、offset

标准答案：D

知识点解析；本题空格处是说抵消高的劳动成本。D项。ffset”抵消”符合题意。其

他三项offbnd”得罪”，obstruct"阻碍"，oblige“迫使”都不正确。

4、Contestantswhodonotcomplywiththeregulationswillbedisqualified,

cooperatewith

B、observe

C、approve

D^submitto

标准答案：B

知识点解析：complywith服从，依从，按要求去做。observe遵守，奉行（法令、规

则等）。Submitto顺从,服从。Cooperatewith合作,协作。approve赞成,批准。

5、Manypuremetalshavelittleusebecausetheyaretoosoft,rusttooeasily,orhave

someother.

A、bruises

B、blunders

C、handicaps

D、drawbacks

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题是说夕艮多纯金属无法使用，因此它们太软，易生锈，或有些其他

的缺陷。D项"drawbacks缺点，障碍”符合题意。其他三项“bruises瘀伤，擦伤；

blunders大错，失误；handicaps妨碍，使不利，阻碍”都不正确。

6、Thelastgueststoreachthehotelat12o'clockatnight.

Axcheckedout

B、checkedup

C、checkedin

D、checkon

标准答案：C

知识点解析：checkedoul付帐离开，检查；checkedup调查，核对；checkedin登

记，报到；checkon检查。

7、Coughsyrupsandcoldremediesthatarcmanufacturedwithalcoholwilllastmuch

longerthanthosepreparedwithwater.

A、float

finish

C、remaineffective

D、beprescribed

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、Weseekasocietythathasarespectforthedignityandworthofthe

individual.

A、atitsend

B、atitshand

C、atitscore

D^atitsbest

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、Fourmemberswalkedoutofthesession,withtheresultthatthecommitteedidnot

haveaandwouldnottakeanydecisions.

A、babe

B、backbone

C、quorum

D^apartheid

标准答案：C

知火点解析：quorum"法定人数委员会或组织最少人数的官员或成员，通常要达到

多数，必须出席，以确保事务处理的有效性''符合题意。babe婴孩，天真而不知世

故的人；backbone骨干.中坚；apartheid南非共和国实行的一种官方的种族隔离政

策。

10、Whileresearchersmaynottheexpansiveclaimsofhard-corevitamin

enthusiasts,evidencesuggeststhatthenutrientsplayamuchmorecomplexrolein

assuringvitalityandoptimalhealththanwaspreviouslythought.

A、authorize

B、license

C^counteract

D、endorse

标准答案：D

知识点解析：authorize批准;license许可，特许;counteract抵消，阻碍；endorse

在（票据）背面签名，正式赞同或支持。研究者没有支持那些顽固的维他命狂热者，

所以选D。

11、Becauseofarecentobstacleinproduction,saleshavedroppedandaccordingly

profitshave.

A、duulinud

B、increased

C、broken

D、maintained

标准答案：A

知识点解析：decline下降。increase增加。break打破。maintain保持。

12、Mystudentsfoundthebook;itprovidedthemwithanabundanceofin­

formationonthesubject.

A、enlightening

B、confusing

C、distracting

D、amusing

标准答案：A

知识点解析:A项enlightening意为“使人受启发的”,与后面半句意思相符;B项

confusing意为“令人迷惑的”；C项distracting意为“分散注意力的"；D项amusing

意为“逗人乐的

13、Humanchoicejiottheintrinsiccontentofscience,determinestheoutcomeand

scientists,ashumanbeings,thereforehaveaspecialresponsibilitytoprovidecouncil

rootedin.

A、expiration

B、explanation

CNexpertise

D、expenditure

标准答案：C

知识点解析：四个选项的意思分别是expiration“期满，到期"：explanation"解糅，

说明”;expertise”专家意见,专门技术”；expenditure”支出,消耗句意是，科学

家有责任提供专业咨询建议。根据句子意思推出正确答案是C选项。

14、Sinceshewasalone,sheopenedthedoor,leavingthechainlockfastened.

A、warily

consciously

C^audaciously

D、recklessly

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

15NJackisgood,kind,hard-workingandintelligent.,1can'tspeaktoohighlyof

him.

A、Asaresult

B、Bytheway

C、Inaword

D、onthecontrary

标准答案：C

知识点解析：A.Asaresull结果；B.Bylheway顺便；C.Inaword总之；

D.onthecontrary正相反。

16>Individualsmayatvariouspointsintheirlivesexperiencediscriminationinthe

allocationofresourceseitherofbeingtoooldortooyoung.

A、attherisk

B、tothepoint

CNinthecase

D、ontheground

标准答案：D

知识点解析：个人在不同阶段都要经历或因年龄太大或因年龄太小而带来的资源的

分配不公。ontheground(of)”根据,以...为理由”;attherisk(of)H1^；tothe

point(of)切中要害；inthecase(o。在...的情况下。

17、Everypersononthesalesteamisbecausetheyworktogetherwell.

A、incompatible

B、incredible

C、indefinite

D^indispensable

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题空格处是说销售队伍的每个人都是不可或缺的。D项

indispensable"不可或缺的”符合题意，其他三项incompatible“不相容的”：

incredible”难以置信的”;indefinite”不确定的”都不正确。

18、Treesthemselvesbyseeds.

A、cultivate

B、grow

C、enrich

D、propagate

标准答案：D

知识点解析：propagate繁殖;cultivate培养;grow生长;enrich使富有。句意:树

是通过种子来自我繁殖的。

19、Wastepaperandglassescouldbewhilemostplasticcouldnot.

A、rectified

B、recycled

C、recruited

D、recurred

标准答案：B

知识点解析：recycle回收利用；rectify改正;校正；recruit招募(新兵)，吸收(新成

员)；recur重视。根据常识判断，B符合题意。句意：废纸和玻璃可以回收利用，

而大部分塑料则不可以。

20>Histhighswerebarelystrongenoughtosupporttheweightofhisbody.

A、inanimate

rustic

C、malleable

D、shrunken

标准答案：A

知识点解析：各项的意思是：inanimate“死气沉沉的,没生命的”;rustic“乡村的”;

malleable“有延展性的,可锻的“；shrunken“缩小的”。空格处的意思是：他那毫无

生气的大腿不够强壮，难以支撑身体的重量。

21、Weregrettoinformyouthatthematerialsyouorderedare.

A^outofwork

B、outofstock

C、outofreach

D、outofpractice

标准答案：B

知识点解析：各项的意思是：outofwork”失业的"；outofstock”无现货的，无库存

的"；outofreach“够不着"；outofpractice“久不练习，荒疏”。空格处的意思是：我

们很遗憾地通知您，您所订的材料暂无库存。

22Recordedoftoday'sbigfootballgamewillbeshownafterthenews.

A^summits

B、peaks

C、heights

D、highlights

标准答案：D

知识点解析：（highlight最精彩的场面,最重要的部分）。句意为：今天足球大赛精

彩场面的录像将在新闻之后播放。A.summit顶点,绝顶；B.peaks山顶，山

峰；C.hcighi海拔，顶点，绝顶。

23、Hetoldastoryabouthissisterwhowasinasadwhenshewasillandhad

nomoney.

A、plight

B、polarization

C^plague

D^pigment

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

24、theFirstWorldWar,theUnitedStatesbecamethedominantforceinthe

motion-pictureindustry.

A、Itwasduringtheadventunder

Withtheadventof

C、Tofollowtheadvent

D、Upontheadventat

标准答案：B

知识点解析：withtheadvent。广随着……的到来”在句首做状语，符合题意。

25、animalsmustbekeptincagesincasetheymighthurtthetourists.

A^Land

B、Domestic

C、Vicious

D、Farm

标准答案：C

知识点解析：vicious凶恶的；不道德的，堕落的；land陆地，国土；domestic家庭

的；国内的；驯服的；farm农场，农田。

26、Asthespeedofchangebringsdesignfashion,thendecisionsabouttastewill

havetobemademoreandmoreregularly.

A、nearto

B、nearerto

C^nextto

D、closeto

标准答案：B

知识点解析:nearerto更接近于;nearto接近于;nextto与...相临；closeto接近

于。

27、"BetterlatethanneverMisathatisveryfamiliartomostEnglishspeakers.

A、plaudit

B、platitude

Cxplenty

D、plenary

标准答案：B

知识点解析：platilude平凡的话，滥调。plaudit喝彩，称赞。plenty充分，大量。

plenary完全的（权力）无限的。

28、Theplanefoundthespotandhoveredcloseenoughtothatitwasacar.

A、ensure

B、examine

C、verify

D^testify

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题答案是C。C项的意思是：verify（侧重于经过核查）证明，证实。

其他各项的意思是：ensure保证，担保；examine/查；testify作证，证明。

29、anyoneshouldthinkitstrange,letmeassureyouthatitisquitetrue.

A、Inorderthat

Lest

C、If

D、Providing

标准答案：D

知识点解析：句子大意为：鉴于每个人都会感到很奇怪，我就向你保证它是真实

的。本题考查常用表达的辨析。在给出的选项中：Inorderthat"为了"；Lest“以

防”；f如果"；Providing”鉴于、考虑到"。所以，正确答案是D。

30、inflation,drivenbyrisingfoodandoilcosts,isstrikinghardestatthe

world'spoorest,whoareforcedtospend60to80percentoftheirincomeonfood.

A^Sprouting

B、Surging

C、Spilling

D、Spinning

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题答案是B。surging意为“起伏，汹涌，振荡，滑脱”。其他三项

词义：sprouting意为“使发芽，使生长"；spilling意为“溢出,涌流”;spinning意为

“使转动”。

二、阅读理解(本题共720题，每题7.0分，共720

分。)

Increasingly,U.S.companiesarebecomingrelationship-focused.Weseektobe

customer-driven.Wcwanttopartnerwithsuppliers.Wcarcmovingfroma

manufacturingeconomytoavalue-added,service-orientedeconomy.Andattheheartof

servicearerelationships:interpersonalrelationships,inter-grouprelationships,and

interdepartmentalrelationships.TheascendanceofworkteamsinlargeU.S.

organizationsputsanewpremiumontherelationshipofteammembers.Infact,emphasis

onteamworkhaslongbecomethemostfrequentlyvaluedmanagerialcompetencein

studiesoforganizationsaroundtheworld.AbouthalftheFortune500companiessay

theyareusingself-managedworkteamsandexpecttoexpandtheiruseincoiningyears.

Teamwork,formanyofus,isabigswitchfromhowwc'rcaccustomedtofunctioning.

Andthat'sespeciallytrueforthoseofyouatthebeginningofyourcareers.Somepeople

nevergetoutoftheindividualcontributormodebecausetheyhavelimitedexpertisewith

iheinterpersonalskillsrequiredforteam-building.Butthehighly-effectivepeopleof

successarethosewhomovefromchild-likedependencetoindependence,andthenonto

interdependence.Teamworkreallybuilds.Ifthere'snotrustandhonestyamong

employeesandeveryoneismaneuveringbasedonwharitmightdofortheirowncareers,

you'renotgoingtoaccomplishmuch.AnoldOrientalproverbthat"peoplewithone

mindwillremoveMountTai"istrue.Anotherwayistoconsiderthis:individualsadd;

teamplayersmultiply.Ofcourse,asthewholeisneverthesumofitsparts,itmaybe

greaterorlesser,dependingonhowwelltheindividualsworktogether.Agoodteam

leaderisonewhocancreategroupsynergyinordertopursuecollectivegoals.Ifyou're

goingtobeagoodboss,makesurethatyousupportpeoplearoundyouandkeepthe

groupworkingwell.That'sanimportantlessonIlearnedfromoneofmyformerchief

executiveofficers,whoheldmeaccountablefbrmybeliefs—infact,thereweretimeshe

heldmyfeettothefire--butheneverheldagrudgeagainstmeforbelievingin

somethingdifferentfromhim.(345words)

31、Themainideaofthepassageis.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章第一句是主题句.与D项内容相符。relalionship-focused意思为

“重视合作关系的A、B和C的内容都是太具体了。

32、Whatisthekeytoacompany'sserviceaccordingtothepassage?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由于A的内容概括了下面三点，所以选择它作为“一个企业成功的关

键”较为合适。这点从第一段第一句和最后句可以看出.特别是最后句中

relationships后面有冒号.这就证明它是个概括词。

33、Fromthethirdparagraph,whatcanweinfer?

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第三段所说的是.一个成功人士走向成熟要经过几个阶段，最终的一

个阶段是“有团队工作的能力

34、Theproverbinthefourthparagraphmostprobablycomesfrom.

标准答案：B

知识点解析；原文虽然只提到Orientalproverb.但从MountTai可以判断出这个谚

语是中国的“人心齐泰山移

35、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：参考第二段第二句。

Aparticularareainwhichassumptionsandvaluesdifferbetweenculturesisthatof

friendship.FriendshipsamorigAmericanstendtobeshorterandlessintensethanthose

amongpeoplefrommanyothercultures.Atleastmanyobserversfromabroadhavethis

impression.BecauseAmericansaretaughttobeself-reliant,becausetheyliveinavery

mobilesociety,andformanyotherreasonsaswell,theytendtoavoiddeepinvolvement

withotherpeople.Furthermore,Americanstendto"compartmentalize"theirfriendships,

havingtheir"friendsatwork"."friendsatschool",a"tennisfriend",andsoon.

(Americansoftenseemveryfriend-ly,evenwhenyoufirstmeetthem.Thisfriendliness

doesnotUsuallymeanthattheAmericanislookingforadeeperrelationship.Theresult

oftheseattitudesandbehaviorsissometimesviewedbyforeignerasan"inabilitytobe

friends".Othertimesitisseenasanormalwaytoretainpersonal-happinessinamobile,

ever-changingsociety.Peoplenormallyhaveintheirmindsstereotypesaboutpeoplewho

aredifferentfromthemselves.Stereotypesarebasedonlimitedandincomplete

experienceandinformation,buttheyshapepeople'sthoughtsandexpectations.

Americanshavemanystereotypesaboutforeignstudentsingeneral(forexample,that

theyarcveryhardworking,intelligent,andrich;thattheydonotspeakEnglishwell)and

aboutparticularcategoriesofforeignstudents(Chinesearepoliteownstereotypesof

Americans,forexample,thattheyarearrogant,rude,andgenerous).Therearetwo

stereotypesthatofteneffectmale-femalerelationshipsinvolvingU.S.andforeign

students.Thefirstistheidea,heldbysomeforeignmales,thatAmericanfemalesarc

Americanfemales,isthatmaleforeignstudentshavenointerestinAmericanfemales

otherthanhavingsexwiththem.Theexistenceoftheseandotherstereotypescangive

risestoconsiderablemisunderstandingandcanblockthedevelopmentofamutually

satisfactoryhumanmindseekstocategorizeandclassifyinformation,soitisnotrea'istic

tosupposepeoplecan"forgettheirstereotypes".Buttheycanbeawareoftheir

stereotypes,andbereadytofindexceptionstothem.

36、Concerningfriendship,Americans.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：从文章第一段倒数第五行可以推知。

37、Theword"compartmentalize"inmefirstparagraphmeans'*

标准答案：A

知识点解析：从文章第一段倒数第三行可以推出将朋友分为“工作中的朋友，学习

上的朋友，简单的朋友等

38、Theauthor'sattitudetowardtheAmericantypeoffriendshipseemstobe.

标准答案：D

知识点解析:D项“客观的”；A项“支持的”;B项“批判地”;C项“有偏见的”。综

观全文，作者对此的态度显然是客观的。

39、Accordingtotheauthor,stereotypesconcerningmale-femalerelationshipsinvolving

U.S.

标准答案：C

知识点解析•：从最后一段第五行可以推知，这些行为可导致误解，因而是有害的。

40、Accordingtotheauthor,stereotypesseemunavoidablebecause.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章的末尾处Stereotypesseemunavoidable一soitisnotrealisticto

supposepeoplecan44fbrgettheirstereotypes”nJ以推知。

InarecentbookentitledThePsychicLifeofInsects,ProfessorBouviersaysthatwemust

becarefulnottocreditthelittlewingedfellowswithintelligencewhentheybehavein

whatseemslikeanintelligentmanner.Theymaybeonlyreacting.Iwouldliketo

confronttheprofessorwithaninstanceofreasoningpoweronthepartofaninsectwhich

cannotbeexplainedawayinanyothermanner.Duringthesummerof1899,whileIwas

atworkonmydoctoralthesis,wekeptafemalewaspatourcottage.Itwasmorelikea

childofourownthanaWasp,exceptthatitlookedmorelikeawaspthanachildofour

own.Thatwasoneofthewayswetoldthedifference.Itwasstillayoungwaspwhenwe

gotit(thirteenorfourteenyearsold)andforsometimewecouldnotgetittoeatordrink,

itwassoshy.SinceitwasafemalewcdecidedtocallitMiriam,butsoonthechildren's

nicknameforit—"Pudge"—becameafixture,and"Pudge"itwasfromthattimeon.

OneeveningIhadbeenworkinglateinmylaboratoryfoolingaroundwithsomeginand

otherchemicals,andinleavingtheroomItrippedoveranineofdiamondswhich

someonehadleftlyingonthefloorandknockedovermycardindexwhichcontainedthe

namesandaddressesofallthelarvaeworthknowinginNorthAmerica.Thecardswent

everywhere.Iwastootiredtostoptopickthemupthatnight,andwentsobbingtobed,

justasmadasIcouldbe.AsIwent,however,Inoticedthewaspwasflyingaboutin

circlesoverthescatteredcards."MaybePudgewillpickthemup,"Isaidhalflaughingly

tomyself,neverthinkingfbronemomentthatsuchwouldbethecase.WhenIcame

downthenextmorningPudgewasstillasleepinherbox,evidentlytiredout.Andwell

shemighthavebeen.ForthereonthefloorlaythecardsscatteredallaboutjustasIhad

leftthemthenightbefore.Thefaithfullittleinsecthadbuzzedaboutallnighttryingio

cometosomedecisionaboutpickingthemupandarrangingthemintheboxesforme,

andthenhadfiguredoutfbrherselfthat,assheknewpracticallynothingoflarvaeofany

sortexceptwasplarvae,shewouldprobablymakemoreofamessofrearrangingthem

thanifshehadleftthemonthefloorformetofix.Itwasjusttoomuchforhertotackle,

and,discouraged,shewentoverandlaydowninherbox,whereshecriedherselfto

sleep.IfthisisnotananswertoProfessorBouvier'sstatement,Idonotknowwhatis.

41、PrufcssurBouvierbelievesihaliiibculs.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据第1段中的wemustbecarefulnottocreditthelittlewingedfellows

withintelligence,可以断定A正确。

42、Ontheeveningtheauthorfellover,someone.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据第4段Itrippedoveranineofdiamondswhichsomeonehadleft

lyingonthefloor,可见B正确。

43、Whenhecametothelaboratorythenextmorning,theauthor.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：根据第6段中Forthereonthefloorlaythecardsscatteredallaboutjust

asIhadleftthemthenightbefore,可以排除A,而D正确。根据第1句WhenIcame

downthenextmorningPudgewasstillasleepinherbox,可以肯定B错误。C在文章

中未提及。

44>Theauthor'saccountofhiswasp'sintelligence.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：作者根本就没有见到wasp昨晚的所伦所为，一切都是作者想象出来

的。可见A正确。

45、Thepurposeofthisarticleisto.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：作者根据自身的经历，以调侃的口气，从反面证实了Professor

Bouvier的观点，所以B正确。

Listeningoutforwhalesongisonewaythatshipscanavoidcollidingwithwhales.But

whatdoyoudoifthewhalesaren'tsinging?Oneanswer,developedbyresearchersinthe

CanaryIslands,istofocusonthewaythegiantcreaturesmasktheclamourofocean

noise.Nooneknowshowmanywhalesarekilledbyshipseachyear,butcollisionsare

thoughttoac-countforuptoathirdofunnaturaldeatlis.Forthenorthernrightwhale,

thismeansoneortwoindividualseveryyear,andwithonly300animalsleft,that'san

unacceptableloss.Therearcthreeglobalhotspotsforwhalecollisions:northernright

whalesareatriskintheAtlanticofftheeastcoastoftheUSandCanada,finwhalesin

theMediterranean,andspermwhalesofftheCanaryIslands.Lastyear,the

Massachusetts-basedinternationalFundforAnimalWelfareattachedhydro-phonesto

buoysandsuccessfullylistenedoutforrightwhalesongintheNorthAtlantic.Butsince

rightwhalesremainsilentforhoursatatime,andspermwhalesaresilentforaroundhaft

thetime,abettertrackingtechnologyisneeded.ThenewWhaleAnti-CollisionSystem

(WACS),developedbyMichelAndre,isdesignedtohelpshipsinthesehotspotssteer

clearofthewhales.Itusesasonartechniquecalledambientnoiseimagingtolocatethe

animalsevenwhentheyaresilent.Todothis,Andrehasbeentestingalonglinesof

buoys,eachbristlingwith32sensitiveunder-watermicrophones,orhydrophones,that

pickupseasoundssuchasbreakingwaves,rainandship-pingnoise.Anyapproaching

whaleblocksthisbackgroundnoiseandcreatesadetectable"soundshadow".By

comparingthereflectionsreceivedfromthehydrophonesondifferentbuoys,Andre's

systemcangatherenoughinformationtoworkoutthewhale'spositionandhowfastitis

moving.Softwaredisplaystheresults,ona3Dcolourmap.Underwaterobjectsstandout

likehotspotsonathermalimage.Intrialsplannedfornextyear,Andrewillplacetwo

linesof12sphericalbuoysalongthe120-kilometreferryroutebetweentheislandsof

TenerifeandGranCanaria.Thesignalswillbesenttoalandstationwheretheywillbe

analysedtocreatea3Dpictureoftheseainrealtime.Ifthetrialsaresuccessful,the

WACSsoftwarecouldbeinstalledaboardferriessothatships'masterscansteerclearof

whales.Failingthat,thewhales'movementscouldbetrackedfromshore-based

installationandradioedtoshipsinthearea.

46、Thelossofoneortwonorthernfightwhaleseveryyearisconsideredan

unaeeeptablelossbecausethey.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：从文中第二段可知withonly300animals(norlhernrightwhales)left,

如果每年减少一两头，该鲸群不久就会灭绝，选项D正确。

47、Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasaglobalhotspotforwhalecollisions?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第二段指出Therearethreeglobalhoispotsforwhalecollisions,它们

分别是【heAtlantic,theMediterranean,CanaryIslandso

48>WACScanreducethewhalecollisionsby.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：见第四段designedtohelpshipsinthesehotspotssteerclearofthe

whales»选项C中turnawayfrom对应文中的steerclearof。

49、Theambientnoiseimagingisabletolocatethewhalesevenwhentheyaresilent

because.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第五段虽然说Any叩proachingwhale...createsadctcctablc^sound

shadow-,但并不是说鲸鱼就制造了声音阴影，而是说它们会对原有声波造成干

扰，反映在图谱上就是standoutlikehotspotsonathermalimage,选项D符合《

50、Themainideaofthepassageis.

标准答案:B

知识点解析：木文主要讲了通过sonartechnology避免船只与鲸鱼的碰撞以保护鲸

鱼的安全，选项B符合文意。

Muchofmanymanagers'timeistakenupwithmeetings.Therearemeetingswith

colleaguestoagreeacourseofaction.Therearemeetingswithsuperiorstoreportandto

discussfuturepolicies.Therearemeetingswithsubordinates.Manywouldsaythatthere

arefartoomanymeetings;somewouldbeevenlesspolite.Therecan,however,beno

doubtthatmeetingsarepartofeverymanager'slife.Heshouldthereforeknowhowto

copewiththem.Heshouldknowthetechniquesofcommunicationinmeetings.He

shouldknowhowtousethesetechniquestohisownadvantage.Itissometimes

suggestedthatwhenamanagercan'tthinkwhattodo,heholdsameeting.Butmeetings

inthemselvesarenotanendproduct,nomatterwhatsomemaythink.Theyaremerely

oneofmanymeansofmanagementcommunication.Itmaywellbethataproblemcanbe

solvedbyaone-to-onediscussion,face-to-face,orevenbytelephone.Iftheneedcanbe

metwithoutameeting,sobeit.Letusthereforedefineameeting,inthemanagement

sense,asthegatheringtogetherofagroupofpeopleforacontrolleddiscussion,witha

specificpurpose.Eachofthoseattendingthemeetinghasaneedtobethereandboth

discussionanditsresultwouldnotbesowellachievedinanyotherway.Itisoften

advisabletocalculatethecostofameeting.Asimplemeetingofafewpeopleonmiddle-

executivesalariescansoonrunintothree-figurecostsforwagesalone.Donot,therefore,

haveunnecessarypeoplesittinginalmeetingsanddoensurethatallmeetingsareboth

efficientandeffective.

51、Howmanydifferentkindsofmeetingsarcmentionedinthefirstparagraph?

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

52、Accordingtothepassage.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

53^Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthormostprobablyagreewith?

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

54、Itisimpliedinthelastfewinstancesthat.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationforDahrendorfsassertion

thatsocialchangeexistseverywhere.Technology,theapplicationofknowledgefor

practicalends,isamajorsourceofsocialchange.Yetwewoulddowelltoremind

ourselvesthattechnologyisahumancreation:itdoesnotexistnaturally.Aspearora

robottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter.Fora

birdlookingforanobjectonwhichtorest,aspearorrobotservesthepurposeequally

well.TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandtheRussiannuclearaccidentat

Chernobylmakepeopleseehowimportantthehumanqualityoftechnologyis:they

providecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlybecamecompletelydisordered

andtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.Sincetechnologyisahumancreation,we

areresponsibleforwhatisdonewithit.Pessimistswonythatwewilluseourtechnology

eventuallytoblowourworldandourselvestopieces.Buttheyhavebeensayingthisfor

decades,andsofarwehavemanagedtosurviveandevenflourish.Whetherwewill

continuetodusoinihuycaisaheadremainsunucrlaiii.Clearly,lliuimpaulofIcuhiiolugy

onourlivesdeservesacloserexamination.Fewtechnologicaldevelopmentshavehada

greaterimpactonourlivesthanthecomputerrevolution.Scientistsandengineershave

designedspecializedmachinesthatcandothetasksthatonceonlypeoplecoulddo.

Therearethosewhoassertthattheswitchtoaninformation-basedeconomyisinthe

samecampasothergreathistoricalmilestones,particularlytheIndustrialRevolution.Yet

whenweaskwhytheIndustrialRevolutionwasarevolution,wefindthatitwasnotthe

machines.Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasarevolutionisthatitledtogreatsocialchange.

Itgaverisetomassproductionand.throughmassproduction,toasocietyinwhichwealth

wasnotconfinedtothefew.Insomewhatsimilarfashion,computerspromiseto

revolutionizethestructureofAmericanlife,particularlyastheyfreethehumanmindand

opennewpossibilitiesinknowledgeandcommunication.TheIndustrialRevolution

supplementedandreplacedthemusclesofhumansandanimalsbymechanicalmethods.

Thecomputeremendsthisdevelopmenttosupplementandreplacesomeaspectsofthe

mindofhumanbeingsbyelectronicmethods.Itisthecapacityofthecomputerfor

solvingproblemsandmakingdecisionsthatrepresentsitsgreatestpotentialandposesthe

greatestdifficultiesinpredictingtheimpactonsociety.

55、Aspearorarobothasthequalityoftechnologyonlywhenit.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题目问：只有什么时候，一个矛或一个机器人才是技术?第二段首句

41Yetwewoulddowelltoremindourselvesthattechnologyisahumancreation：itdoes

notexistnaturally.Aspearorarobottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmore

thanasolidmassofmailer.”通过这段话可知，我们最好还是提醒自己，科技是人

类的创造，它不存在于自然之中。矛或机器人生产机器零件，这两者都不仅仅是坚

实的物体。据此判断，答案是B。

56、TheexamplesoftheChallengerandChernobylcitedbytheauthorservetoshow

that.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题目问：祚者引用“挑战者号''航天飞机爆炸和“切尔诺贝利”核泄漏的

例子是想表明什么？第二段“TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandthe

RussiannuclearaccidentatChernobylmakepeopleseehowimportantthehumanquality

oftechnologyis；theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlybecame

completelydisorderedandiherewasnoreadyhandtosetIhemright.”通过这段话可

知，“挑战者号”航天飞机的爆炸和俄罗斯在“切尔诺贝利”的核事故让人们看到了技

术的人性化是多么的重要，这些事故表明了那些经过周密计划的系统会突然变得混

乱，也不可能让它们恢复到正常轨道上来。据此判断，答案是A。

57、Accordingtotheauthor,theintroductionofthecomputerisarevolutionmainly

because.

标准答案：D

知识点般,•析：题目问：根据作者的观点，计算机的采用是一场革命，主要是因为什

么？第三段"Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasarevolutionisthatitledtogreatsocial

change.”通过这句话可知，计算机的采用是一场革命，主要理由是它导致了巨大

的社会变革。所以，答案是D。

58、Byusingthephrase"thehumanqualityoftechnology'XLine5,Para.2),lheauthor

referstothefactthattechnology.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题目问：通过用短语“技术的人性化”.作者提及了什么事实?第一段

“TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandtheRussiannuclearaccidentat

Chernobylmakepeopleseehowimportantthehumanquailtyoftechnologyis；they

providecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlybecamecompletelydisordered

andtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.”通过这段话可知，”技术的人性化''也

就是说，技术要拥有一些人类的特征。所以，答案是B。

59、Thepassageisbasedontheau