任务型阅读-2023年中考英语二轮复习（解析版）

专题10任务型阅读解题技巧

题型概述

对于中考考生来说做“任务型”这样的题目时，普遍觉得不难,而考试结果一出来,却发现得高分的不多，

原因就在于这种题型不仅要求考生读懂文章，还要求同学们用自己的语言简练的回答有关问题；既考查了

学生的阅读理解能力，也考查了大家的英语表达能力和概括能力，另外，对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的

要求，使得做简答题有一定的难度。再加上解答这样的题型几乎没有猜题的技巧可言，也从某种意义上加

大了做题的难度。要想取得较好的成绩，对于题型的研究，好的解题步骤和技巧是非常重要的。任务型阅

读即根据短文内容回答问题是阅读理解的一道重要题型。此题为5个问题，问题设计一般比较简单，多数

考题针对文章中的事实细节，答案都能在原文中找到出处。最后一个问题通常为开放性题目，往往需要概

括文章主旨要义。

解题步骤

］看任务：略读任务记住任务

2看文段：略读文段首尾句、段--带着任务细读一在文段中做标记定位-对比文段中标记处和对应任务

常见题型

1信息查找题：1.解题关键：根据问题查找定位信息。

常用方法：带着问题有意识地在关键处做标记

2信息转换题:解题关键：根据问题查找定位信息，加工分析并转换成另一种表达方式。常见的转换方式有：

词性转换，词汇转换，句型转换

3信息归纳题：解题关键:根据问题查找定位信息，找共性的东西，归纳概括出最佳答案。

方法技巧

技巧一：由一般疑问句引出的判断题解题技巧

以be动词、助动词、情态动词为句首，句末有问号（？）的句子。要用yes和no回答的句子.例如：

Dotheydotheirhomeworkafterschool?

be动词：am,is,are,was,were

助动词：do,does,did,will,have,has

情态动词：can,may,must,could,should,would

技巧二：由选择疑问句引出的判断题解题技巧

提出两种或两种以上的情况，要求选择一种情况回答，这种问句叫做选择疑问句，选择疑问句的两种

或两种以上的情况用or连接，回答时不能用yes或no。

1.一般选择疑问句句型：一般疑问句+or+被选择的情况?

—Areyouateacherorastudent?---I'mastudent.

技巧三：由特殊疑问句引出的判断题解题技巧

特殊选择疑问句句型：特殊疑问句+AorB?/A,BorC?

——WhenwillheleaveforLondon,todayortomorrow?——Tomorrow.

特殊疑问句是以特殊疑问词为句首，句末有问号的句子。特殊疑问词包括Who（人物）、Where（地点）、

When（时间）、What（事件）、Why（原因），which（哪个），whose（谁的），whom（who的宾格形式）How（方

式）和由基本疑问词变化的疑问词。

例如：由what增力口的whattime/whatday/whatkind/whatcolor/whatshape/whatlength

由how变化的howlong/howsoon/howoftenhowold/howfar/howmany/howmuch

特殊疑问句解题技巧：

回答特殊疑问句较为复杂，要注意问题与回答在形式上的对应。

（1）问目的，就应当用for短语，todo不定式短语等来回答；

（2）问原因，就应当用becauseof短语或because从句来回答；

（3）问方式，就应当用Bydoing来回答；

（4）问时间、地点时，答语中不要忘记介词。

（5）提问词是what只能用完整句子、名词或名词性短语、名词性从句（多为宾语从句）来回答；

技巧四：最后一题提问类型

Whafsthemainideaofthepassage?

Whatarethemainpointsabout...inthispassage?

Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?

Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?

Whatarethepurposesof.......?

1.要点通常包括两个或多于两个。

2.抓住文章的结构，要关注语篇结构（总一分、分-总、总-分-总），组织语言时要避免使用不熟悉的句型、

词汇或短语，尽可能用原文中的关键词语回答问题，但不能照抄原句，要对原文进行总结归纳。

概括大意回答方式：记住这些有用的句型：

Ifs（about）...

Ifs（about）what+主语+谓语，how+主语+谓语why+主语+谓语（注意介宾从句，主谓语序）

阅读回答问题解题步骤和注意事项

1、通读：快速浏览全文，标清段序。如是对话形式划分出层次

2、扫读：浏览全文，每段主题句，理清文章基本结构。文章的中心思想以及作者的基本观点、正确理

解语境

3、精读：精读问题，圈划关键词，理解问题，带着问题找读，按出题顺序，确定答题区域。

4、复读：分析，提取，整合信息、准确表达。要用简练、准确的英语表达出来。注意回答问题时要切

中要点，不要画蛇添足。组织答案时，注意避免语言错误，如：时态、主谓一致、人称转化，句子结构和

拼写等。如需引用原文，要作适当改动，最好不要整句照搬。

总结提升：

1.从近五年的中考题看，阅读与表达题所给的文章均为说明文，即有说明的对象，那么文章的主旨还

是比较明确的。

2.任何一篇说明文都是围绕某个主题展开的，有些文章的主题句较明显，在文章的首段。也有的文章

主题句不明显，但文中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也就是我们常说的主题

词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。

3.概括主旨离不开对全文结构的把握，纵观全文，找准找全要点。

4.组织好语言，运用正确的句式，准确地表达出来。

【强化练习】

A

(2022.内蒙古.模拟预测)

AsChinesetraditionsgo,fewthingsarebetterthansittingaroundahotpotwhileautumnandwintercome

overNorthChina.StudiesshowthatKublaiKhan,theemperoroftheYuanDynasty(1271-1368),inventedmutton

hotpot.

Foralongtime,onlyBeijing'srichpeoplecouldgettheirhandsonmuttonhotpot.EmperorQianlong

(1711-1799)wasatruehotpotlover,eatingthedishmorethan200timesin1789.

Amongthevegetablesandmeatspreadoutonthedinnertable,muttonhasbeenplacedfrontandcenter.Many

peoplebelievemuttonhastheeffect(效果)ofwarmingthebody,makingitanidealfoodforthecoldermonths.

Sheeparealsogenerallyfattenedupafterasummerofeating,makingthemperfectformeatloversthroughthe

winter.

TheChinesecapitalishometomorethan2,000muttonhotpotrestaurants,accordingtothefoodplatform

DazhongDianping.Therearewell-knownhotpotbrandssuchasJubaoyuan,Manfulou,Yangdaye,Nanmenand

Donglaishun.

Today,manymuttonhotpotrestaurantsdividethemeatintomanykindsaccordingtowhichpartofasheepit

iscutfrom.Anexperiencedcookcancutthemeatsothinthatpeoplecanreadthewordsofabookthroughthe

pieceofthemeat.

Intheolddays,restaurantsinthecapitalonlystartedservingmuttonhotpotfromMid-AutumnFestival(the

15thdayoftheeighthlunarmonth).BusinessoftenstoppedafterSpringFestival.Restaurantworkerswouldhave

tofindanewjobafterDragonBoatFestival(thefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth),whenbusinesscametoanend.

Nowadays,however,peoplecanenjoythemuttonhotpotallyearroundwithtechnologicaldevelopmentinmutton

productionacrossthecountry.

阅读短文，根据短文内容用完整句子回答问题。

1.Whowassupposedtobetheinventorofmuttonhotpot?

2.HowcanwetellEmperorQianlongwasatruehotpotlover?

3.Whatthingsarealsoprovidedbesidesmuttonwhenpeopleenjoymuttonhotpot?

4.Howmanyfamoushotpotbrandsarementionedinthepassage?

5.WhywouldrestaurantworkershavetofindanewjobafterDragonBoatFestivalintheolddays?

【答案】

1.KublaiKhan./TheemperoroftheYuanDynasty./KublaiKhan,theemperoroftheYuanDynastywassupposed

tobetheinventofmuttonhotpot.

2.Heatethedishmorethan200timesin1789.

3.Thevegetablesandmeat./Thevegetablesandmeatarealsoprovidedbesidesmutton.

4.Fivefamoushotpotbrandsarementionedinthepassage./5./Five.

5.Becausebusinesscametoanand.

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了火锅的由来。

1.根据"StudiesshowthatKublaiKhan,theemperoroftheYuanDynasty(1271-1368),inventedmuttonhotpot.^^

可知，元朝皇帝忽必烈发明了羊肉火锅。故填KublaiKhan./TheemperoroftheYuanDynasty./KublaiKhan,the

emperoroftheYuanDynastywassupposedtobetheinventofmuttonhotpot.

2.根据"EmperorQianlong（1711-1799）wasatruehotpotlover,eatingthedishmorethan200timesin1789.”可知,

乾隆皇帝是一个真正的火锅爱好者，在1789年他就吃了200多次火锅。故填Heatethedishmorethan200

timesin1789.

3.根据"Amongthevegetablesandmeatspreadoutonthedinnertable,muttonhasbeenplacedfrontandcenter.9,

可知，吃羊肉火锅时，除了羊肉还有蔬菜和肉。故填Thevegetablesandmeat./Thevegetablesandmeatarealso

providedbesidesmutton.

4.根据"Therearewell-knownhotpotbrandssuchasJubaoyuan,Manfulou,Yangdaye,NanmenandDonglaishun.^^

可知，一共提到了五种火锅品牌。故填Fivefamoushotpotbrandsarementionedinthepassage./5./Five.

5.根据"BusinessoftenstoppedafterSpringFestival.Restaurantworkerswouldhavetofindanewjobafter

DragonBoatFestival（thefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth）,whenbusinesscametoanend.”可矢口，端午节过后，

生意结束了，所以餐馆员工在端午过后要找新工作。故填Becausebusinesscametoanand.

B

（2022・山东日照•校考一模）

阅读下面的短文，根据要求完成文后各小题。

SunRuifeng,amotherinBeijing,changedsomeofherplansforher8-year-oldson'ssummervacation.She

lookedforanEnglishtrainingcourse,butintheend,shechangedittoaswimmingtrainingclass.

“Duetothestricterregulations（onsubject-trainingclasses,manyparentslikemechoosesportsorother

projectsfordevelopinginterestsinstead,Sunsaid.

Sun'schoiceispartoftheresultofthegovernment'sgrowingeffortstolightentheacademicpressureon

youngstudents.

OnJuly24,Chinesegovernmentintroducedaguideline（意见）toeasetheburden（负担）ofexcessive

homeworkandoff-campustrainingforprimaryandjuniorhighschoolstudents.Itlistsrequirementsinareassuch

asreducingtheamountandthedifficultyofhomeworkandimprovingthequalityofeducationandafter-class

servicesprovidedbyschools.

Forexamplehomeworkforchildrenbelowthethirdgradeisnotallowedwhilehomeworkforjuniorhigh

schoolstudentsshouldtakenolongerthan90minutestofinish.

Accordingtotheguideline,traininginstitutions（机构）cannotteachstudentscontentthatistooadvancedfor

theschoolcurriculum.Notrainingcoursescanbetaughtonweekends,nationalholidaysorduringwinterand

summervacations.

AccordingtoGlobalTimes,morethan75percentofChineseurbanchildren,fromGrade1toGrade12,are

enrolledintrainingprograms.However,sometraininginstitutionstakepartinanxietymarketing,selling

unnecessaryprogramsthatincreasetheburdenonstudents.

Manyparentsshowedtheirsupportfbrthenewmoves."Subjectlearningisenoughatschoolandwehopeto

improvethechildren'soverallqualityoflifeduringholidays,aparentsumamed（姓）ZhouinGuangzhoutold

Xinhua.

However,therearealsosomeconcerns.AparentsurnamedCheninShanxisaidthatalthoughsheagreedon

newmoves,sheworriedaboutwhathersonwoulddoafterschoolifbothparentshavenotimetobewithhim.

Atpresent,ninecities,includingBeijing,Shanghai,ShenyangandGuangzhou,havebeenselectedtocarryout

theguideline.Itwilllaterberolledoutnationwide.

6.SunRuifengdidn'tchoosetheswimmingtrainingclassforhersonatlast,didshe?

7.Whatdoestheguidelinerequireprimaryandjuniorhighschoolstodoonhomework?

8.Howlongdothechildrenbelowthethirdgradespendonhomework?

9.Whoincreasetheburdenonstudentsbysellingunnecessaryprograms?

10.Whydidmanyparentsshowtheirsupportforthenewmove?

【答案】

6.Yes,shedid.

7.Itrequiresprimaryandjuniorhighschoolstoreducetheamountandthedifficultyofhomework.

8.Zero/0hour/minute/second.

9.Sometraininginstitutions.

10.Becausesubjectlearningisenoughatschoolandtheyhopetoimprovethechildren'soverallqualityoflife

duringholidays.

【导语】本文介绍了“双减”政策的主要内容，中小学课外培训的情况及不同人对该政策的态度。

6.根据"butintheend,shechangedittoaswimmingtrainingclass.”可矢口SunRuifeng最后给儿子选了游泳培训

班o故填Yes,shedid.

7.根据"Itlistsrequirementsinareassuchasreducingtheamountandthedifficultyofhomeworkandimproving

thequalityofeducationandafter-classservicesprovidedbyschools.”可知指导方针列出了减少家庭作业的数量

和难度o故填Itrequiresprimaryandjuniorhighschoolstoreducetheamountandthedifficultyofhomework.

8.根据"Forexamplehomeworkforchildrenbelowthethirdgradeisnotallowed”可知他们没有作业，所以他们

不会花时间做作业。故填Zero/0hour/minute/second.

9.根据"However,sometraininginstitutionstakepartinanxietymarketing,sellingunnecessaryprogramsthat

increasetheburdenonstudents.”可知一些培训机构参与焦虑营销，出售不必要的课程，增加学生的负担。故

填Sometraininginstitutions.

10.根据“Manyparentsshowedtheirsupportforthenewmoves.'Subjectlearningisenoughatschoolandwehope

toimprovethechildren'soverallqualityoflifeduringholidays,9aparentsumamed（姓）ZhouinGuangzhoutold

Xinhua/9（许多家长对这些新举措表示支持。广州一位姓周的家长在接受新华社采访时表示：“学校里的科

目学习已经足够了，我们希望在假期里提高孩子们的整体生活质量。”）可知是因为家长们认为学校里的科

目学习已经足够了，他们希望在假期里提高孩子们的整体生活质量。故填Becausesubjectlearningisenoughat

schoolandtheyhopetoimprovethechildren'soverallqualityoflifeduringholidays.

C

（2022•辽宁辽阳•统考一模）

阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。

Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?Wouldyouratherbeascientistoranartist?Ifyouhavesiblings

（兄弟姐妹）,theorderinwhichyouwerebornmayinfluenceyourchoiceofjobs,TheIndependentreported.

Familyrolesbasedonbirthordercaninfluencepeople'sbehaviorandshapetheirpersonalities.

AgroupofBritishscientistsstudied500peoplefrom11differentcareer（事业）groups.Theyfoundthatolder

childrenaremorelikelytobecomeastronautsandscientists.NASAastronautNeilArmstrongandBritishscientist

StephenHawkingareboththeoldestchildrenintheirfamilies.Thereasonisprobablythatparentsusuallytreat

olderchildrenmorestrictlythanyoungerchildren.Thisgivestheolderchildrenamoredisciplined（遵守纪律的）

personality.

Thescientistsalsofoundthatmiddlechildrenare30percentmorelikelytobecomeCEOsthantheirbrothers

andsisters.Thescientistssaidthereasoncouldbethatmiddlechildrenneedtodomoretogetattentionfromtheir

parents.Thismakesthemmorecompetitive,moreflexible（灵活变通的）andbetteratnegotiating（谈判）.Mark

Zuckerberg,founderofFacebook,andBillGates,formerCEOofMicrosoft,arebothmiddlechildren.

Youngerchildren,ontheotherhand,maybethe“softest”.Theylearntopayattentiontootherpeople's

thoughts.Thismakesthemsensitivetoothers'feelings.Therefore,youngerchildrenaremorelikelytobecome

musicians.GermanmusicianJohannSebastianBachandAustriancomposer（作曲家）WolfgangAmadeusMozart

areboththeyoungestchildrenintheirfamilies.

Theresultsofthestudyalsosuggestedthattheonlychildrenaremorelikelytobecomeartists.Theygetfull

attentionfromtheirparentsandarefreertodevelopthemselves.Thismakesthemmorecreativeandconfident.

11.Howmanycareergroupsarethe500peopleinthestudyfrom?

12.Whataremiddlechildrenusuallylike?

13.Whatareyoungerchildreninthefamilymorelikelytobecome?

14.Accordingtothepassage,whyaretheonlychildrenmorelikelytobecomeartists?

15.Whafsthemainideaofthepassage?

【答案】

11.11/Eleven.

12.Morecompetitive,moreflexibleandbetteratnegotiating.

13.Musicians.

14.Becausetheygetfullattentionfromtheirparentsandarefreertodevelopthemselves./Becausetheyaremore

creativeandconfident.

15.（How）Familyrolesbasedonbirthordercaninfluencepeople'sbehaviorandshapetheirpersonalities.

【导语】本文主要阐述了家庭中兄弟姐妹的出生顺序可能影响未来各自选择的工作。出生顺序可以影响人

们的行为和他们的个性。本文通过举例子，列数字，作对比等说明方法论述了出生顺序对人们未来所选择

职业的影响。

11.根据"AgroupofBritishscientistsstudied500peoplefrom11differentcareer（事业）groups.''可知，一组英

国科学家研究了来自11个不同职业群体的500人，故填U/Eleven.

12.根据"Thismakesthemmorecompetitive,moreflexible（灵活变通的）andbetteratnegotiating”可知，他们

更有竞争力，更灵活，更善于谈判，故填Morecompetitive,moreflexibleandbetteratnegotiating.

13.根据“Therefbre,youngerchildrenaremorelikelytobecomemusicians”可知，年龄较小的孩子更有可能成

为音乐家，故填Musicians.

14.根据“Theygetfullattentionfromtheirparentsandarefreertodevelopthemselves.Thismakesthemmore

creativeandconfident”可知，他们从父母那里得到充分的关注，更自由地发展自己。这让他们更有创造力和

自信，故填Becausetheygetfullattentionfromtheirparentsandarefreertodevelopthemselves./Becausetheyare

morecreativeandconfident.

15.通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了家庭中兄弟姐妹的出生顺序可能影响未来各自选择的工作，故填（How）

Familyrolesbasedonbirthordercaninfluencepeople'sbehaviorandshapetheirpersonalities.

D

（2022•江苏南通・南通田家炳中学校考模拟预测）

请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。

Today,doctorsknowalotabouthowtostopgerms（细菌）fromspreading.Theyadvisepeopletocovertheir

mouthswhentheycoughorsneeze.Washinghandsalsohelps.Storingfoodcorrectlycanhelppreventillnessas

well.

However,peopledidn'tusetoknowalotaboutgerms.Formanyyears,evendoctorsdidn'treallyunderstand

howillnessesspread.Theydidmanythingstoavoidgettingsick.Somedoctorseventrieddressinglikebirds.

In1619,CharlesdeLormedesignedaspecialuniformfordoctorstreatingplague（瘟疫）patients.Theuniform

hadalongcoat,gloves,bootsandawide-sidehat.Thedoctorsalsocarriedlong,woodenstickssothatthey

wouldn'thavetotouchthepatients.Themaskmadethedoctorslooklikebirds.Ithadalongbeakwithabout15

cmfromtheface.Therewerealsotwoeyeholescoveredinglassandtwonoseholes.

Atthattime,doctorsbelievedtheplaguewasspreadbybadair.Sothedoctorsputmedicineandflowersinthe

beaksoftheirmasks.Theybelievedthiswouldremovethebadsmellfromairbeforebreathingit,preventingthem

frombeingaffectedbytheplague.

Diditwork?Well,notreally.Thegermsthatcausedtheplaguedidsometimestravelthroughtheair,butgood

-smellingmedicinewasn'tabletostopthem.Manydoctorsstillgotsickbybreathingthroughthenoseholesin

theirmasks.Someplagueonlyspreadthroughbitesfromfleas（跳蚤）androdents（啮齿动物）.Thedoctors9

uniformsdidhelpprotectthemfromthisdanger.However,itwaslargelythecoat,gloves,bootsandhatthatdidthe

job,notthebirdmask.

16.Howmanywaysofstoppinggermsfromspreadingarementionedinthefirstparagraph?

17.WhatdidtheuniformCharlesdeLormedesighedfordoctorslooklike?

18.Whydidthedoctorsputmedicineandflowersinthebeaksoftheirmasks?

19.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart4'thisdanger55inParagraph5referto?

20.HowdidyouavoidthevirusduringtheCOVID-19pandemic?（请自拟一句话作答）

【答案】

16.Three/3.

17.Theuniformhadalongcoat,gloves,bootsandawide-sidehat.

18.Becausedoctorsbelievedtheplaguewasspreadbybadair.

19.Someplaguewhichspreadsthroughbitesfromfleasandrodents.

20.Iworeafacemaskwhengoingoutandwashedmyhandsaftergoingbackhome.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可）

【导语】本文介绍了在过去包括医生在内的人都不知道细菌是如何传播的，以及医生发明鸟形面罩来阻止

细菌传播，以及面罩的组成部分等。

16.根据"Theyadvisepeopletocovertheirmouthswhentheycoughorsneeze.Washinghandsalsohelps.Storing

foodcorrectlycanhelppreventillnessaswell.”可知，第一段提到了三种阻止细菌传播的方法，故填Three/3.

17.根据“In1619,CharlesdeLormedesignedaspecialuniformfordoctorstreatingplague（瘟疫）patients.The

uniformhadalongcoat,gloves,bootsandawide-sidehat.”可知，1619年，查尔斯•德・洛姆为治疗鼠疫患者的医

生设计了一种特殊的制服。制服有长外套、手套、靴子和宽边帽。故填Theuniformhadalongcoat,gloves,boots

andawide-sidehat.

18.根据"Atthattime,doctorsbelievedtheplaguewasspreadbybadair.Sothedoctorsputmedicineandflowers

inthebeaksoftheirmasks.Theybelievedthiswouldremovethebadsmellfromairbeforebreathingit,preventing

thembeingaffectedbytheplague.”可知，因为医生们认为瘟疫是由空气污染传播的，故填Becausedoctors

believedtheplaguewasspreadbybadair.

19.根据"Someplagueonlyspreadthroughbitesfromfleas（跳蚤）androdents（啮齿动物）.Thedoctors5uniforms

didhelpprotectthemfromthisdanger.”可知，有些瘟疫只能通过跳蚤和啮齿动物的叮咬传播。医生的制服确

实有助于保护他们免受这种危险。所以此处的“thisdanger”指的是“一些通过跳蚤和啮齿动物的叮咬传播的瘟

疫”，故填Someplaguewhichspreadthroughbitesfromfleasandrodents.

20.本题是主观题，符合题意即可，故填Iworeafacemaskwhengoingoutandwashedmyhandsaftergoing

backhome.（答案不唯一，言之有理即可）

E

（2022.湖南长沙.长沙市长郡双语实验中学校考三模）

阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

WhenChinesemovieloverswatchedFantasticBeastswhichcameoutonApril8th,theywouldseethe

phoenix（凤凰）andtheqilin.Thesearethefamiliarmythologicalcreatures（神奇动物）intheirchildhood.

Theqilinisaveryrarecreaturethatcanhardlybeseeninthewizarding（魔法）world,onlyfoundinEast

China.Wizardshadlongrespectedthiscreatureforitsabilitytolookintoaperson'sheart.

TheqilinisseenasagentlecreatureinChineseculture.Itsheadlookslikeadragonanditsbodylookslikea

deerorhorse.Itcantellbetweengoodandevilandcanevenbringluck.

InEnglish,theqilinissometimescalledthe"Chineseunicorn（独角兽）Thisma