课时把关练高中英语选择性RJUNIT3PartIReadingandThinking3

课时把关练PartIReadingandThinking基础知识练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Itisreportedthattheprimeministerwille（延长）hisvisituntilnextTuesday.2.Roytoldhissorrowfult（故事）withstraightforwardwordsanybodycouldunderstand.3.Thetwoleadersn（谈判）tostrengthenthebondsbetweenthetwocountries.4.Toeveryone’sexcitement，ther（王室的）familywilletoseethefinalofEurope’sChampion’sLeague.5.Afternegotiatingforthreedays，thepremierstatedthatallforeignforceswouldw（撤离）assoonasthecrisisended.6.Threedaysafterthemerchantssetsail，wesawagreatfleetofsmallboatsinthec（海峡），paddlingtowardus.7.Weswitchedthechanneltoseewhichteamfinishedtheseasonatthetopofthel（联赛）.8.Theagreementstrengthenedtheb（关系）betweenthetwocountries，whichisbeneficialtoallthemerchants.Ⅱ.用所给短语的适当形式填空setsail，inaleagueofone’sown，developrelationswith，withdrawfrom，inhand，beeknownas，searchfor，forthebenefitof1.Itisagreatprivilegetogettoknowapainter，whois.2.Withthenewinformation，wefinallyfinishedthedesignaheadoftime.3.ChristopherColumbusfortheNewWorldintheSantaMaria.4.Dogshaveaverygoodsenseofsmellandareoftenusedtosurvivorsinanearthquake.5.Howmuchmoneydoyouwishtoyouraccount?6.Thiscenterisbeingconstructedthenextgeneration.7.TheseChineseimmigrantssettledinanareathatlaterChinatown.8.Wewillcontinuetoimproveandthedevelopedcountries.Ⅲ.单句语法填空1.Temporary（extend）oftwoyearswillguaranteescientistsenoughtime.2.Lookingbackonthelast10years，therewasalotofwhatyoucouldcall（negotiate）.3.（royal）andgovernmentleadersfromallaroundtheworldaregatheringintheconferencevenue.4.TheboatsetsailCyprusandarrivedinGazaaftera32hourvoyage.5.（inspire）bythesunnyweather，thefrogdecidedtoexplorethewoods.6.Thecountrytriesitsbesttodevelopfriendlyrelationsitsneighbors.Ⅳ.练通句型【一句多译】1.为了维持关系，他们发展了成功交流的能力。①Theydevelopedtheabilitytomunicatesuccessfullyrelationships.（目的状语）②Theydevelopedtheabilitytomunicatesuccessfullyrelationships.（目的状语从句）2.经过几个月的航行，他们终于到达了我们现在称之为加利福尼亚的地方。①Afterseveralmonths’voyage，theyfinallyreachedwenowcallCalifornia.（定语从句）②Afterseveralmonths’voyage，theyfinallyreachedCalifornia.（名词性从句）【句式升级】3.Althoughhewaswealthy，hestillledasimplelife.→，hestillledasimplelife.（状语从句的省略）4.ThegirlfromLondonwasattractedbythebeautyofnatureanddecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.→，thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.（过去分词短语作状语）5.Thelittlegirlfeltalittlenervousonthestageassomanypeoplewerelookingather.→Thelittlegirlfeltalittlenervousonthestage.（with复合结构）能力提升练V.课文语法填空Itiswellknownthatmankind’sgreatestachievementshaveoftenresultedfromtradeand1.（curious）andpeopleofearlycivilisationshadastrongdesire2.（plete）thegreatmapoftheworld.Inancienttimes，ChinesemerchantsshippedsilktoIndia，theMiddleEast，andRome，alongwhatbecame3.（know）astheSilkRoad.TradebetweenmerchantsfromChinaandotherplacesresultedinbetter4.（understand）ofeachother’scultures.IntheMingDynasty，sevenlargefleets5.（lead）byZhengHesetsailfromtheSouthChinaSea6.theIndianOceantothemouthoftheRedSea，andthentotheeastcoastofAfricafortradeandexploration.ChinahaslaunchedtheBeltandRoadInitiative，7.aimistoencourage8.（cooperate）andtradeacrossthehistoricSilkRoadareas，andstrengthen9.bondsbetweenChinaandtherestoftheworld.Chinahasalsoteamedupwithother10.（country）tostudytheArcticinordertounderstandclimatechangeanditseffects.VI.阅读理解AYou’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage，forcingviewerstoreexaminetheirrelationshiptosingleuseplasticproducts.Atthebeginningoftheyear，theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse，”apairof10foottallplasticwaves，frozenmidcrash.Madeof168，000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups，thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity，Vietnam.Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsourceofplasticpollution，butthey’verecentlyeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand，becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight，theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat’spartofVonWong’sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone，thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.Inapiecefrom2018，VonWongwantedtoshowaspecificstatistic：Every60seconds，atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork，titled“TruckloadofPlastic，”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10，000piecesofplastic，whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped（倾倒）fromatruckallatonce.VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigpaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.1.WhatareVonWong’sartworksintendedfor?A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin. B.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.C.Introducingecofriendlyproducts. D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.2.WhydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinParagraph3?A.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful. B.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.C.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling. D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.3.Whateffectwould“TruckloadofPlastic”haveonviewers?A.Disturbing. B.Calming. C.Refreshing. D.Challenging.4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Artists’sopinionsonplasticsafety. B.Mediainterestincontemporaryart.C.Responsibilitydemandedofbigpanies. D.Oceanplasticstransformedintosculptures.BEnvironmentalpollutionandotherhumanactivitiesareleadingtothousandsofdeathsamongseabirds，anewstudyhaswarned.EcologicalexpertstrackedthebehaviorofBritishandIrishseabirds.Theyusedsatellitestotrackhundredsofthecreaturestofindoutwheretheywenttocatchfishatsea.Thestudycanhelpassesspotentialimpactfromhumanactivitiesandwhereprotectedareasoftheseasshouldbe.LightweightGPStagswerefittedtomorethan1，300adultbirdsfrom29differentcoloniesaroundtheUKandIreland，includingkittiwakes，shags，razorbillsandguillemots.Resultsfromthefiveyearstudyshowthelargeareasofseathefourseabirdspeciesuse.Theyfounditwasatleast600，000squaremiles，anareathreetimesthesizeofSpain.Itshowshowfartheytravelfromtheirnestsinsearchoffoodfortheirchicks.AnditshowstheuseoftheseasbyallfourspeciesconcentratedinthecoastalwatersofScotland，highlightingtheimportanceofconservationmeasuresthere.Thefourspeciesstudiedrequireconservationhelp，withkittiwakenumbersdeclining71percentinthepast25yearsandshagpopulationsdown61percent.Thismeansbothseabirdsare“redlisted”andneedurgentprotection.Razorbillsandguillemotsare“amberlisted”，whichmeanstheyareconsideredtoneedconservationaction.Dr.Ewan，leadauthoroftheresearch，said，“Manyseabirdsareatthetopofthemarinefoodweb.Theyfeedonsomesmallfishbutthatpreyisdecliningbecauseofhumanpressures，includingclimatechange.Theresultisthatthousandsofseababybirdsaredyingeachyearbecausetheirparentscan’tfeedthem.Forthefirsttime，thisstudyprovidesuswithafullmapforthefeedingareasforsomeofourmostimportantseabirdspecies.”Theanalysisprovidescriticaldatatoinformmarinemanagement，theexpertssaid.5.Whichisoneofthepurposesofthestudy?A.Tofindoutwheretocatchmorefish.B.Tojudgewhichseashouldbeprotected.C.Toknowtheseabirds’impactsonhumanbeings.D.TostudythebehaviorofBritishandIrishseabirds.6.Howdidtheexpertstracktheseabirds?A.Withthehelpofsatellites. B.Withthehelpofthefishermen.C.Byobservinghumanactivities. D.BytyingGPStagsontheship.7.Onwhichcoastwouldmosttrackedseabirdsgather?A.France. B.Ireland. C.Spain. D.Scotland.8.What’sDr.Ewan’sattitudetowardstheresearch?A.Puzzled. B.Doubtful. C.Positive. D.Disappointed.VII.完形填空 FivedaysbeforeChristmas，policeofficerLimawassenttoalocalStop&Shopforareportedtheft.Theaccusationwasthattwofemaleswerescanning（扫描）someitemsattheselfcheckoutbut1otheritemsandbaggingthoseitems.Thetwofemalesandtwochildrenwerealready2byLossandPreventionoverthere.  Limahadtwogirlshimself，similarinagetothetwogirlsthere，soit3himalittlebit.Lima4thereceiptfortheitemstheyhadpaidfor.Therewasnothingelselikehealthandbeautyitemsonit.Theitemswereall5—thingsboughtjusttostuffthemselves.Thenheaskedanemployeewheretheotheritemswerethattheyhadplannedtotakeandwasinformedtheywereputbackonthe6.  Obviously，thisfamilywasinrealneed.WhileLimafirmly7followingthelaw，hedecidedtocutthemabreakandnotto8.  Thetwofemales，9，wereverygratefulbutkindof10becausegenerally，inthatsamesituationtherewouldprobablybeadifferent11andthey’dbearrested.  Limatookthingsastepfurtherinaneffortto12thefamily.Hegavethema$200giftcard，tellingthemnottogetthingsinillegalwaysanymore.  “Ipurchasedthegiftcardclosetothevalueofwhatwouldhavebeen13，”saidLima.“IdidwhatIfeltwas14.Ijusttriedtoshowalittle15totheextentpermittedbylaw.”1.A.labeling B.damaging C.sorting D.bypassing2.A.misunderstood B.held C.tolerated D.unemployed3.A.confused B.disappointed C.struck D.attracted4.A.denied B.checked C.filled D.questioned5.A.luxuries B.drinks C.presents D.foods6.A.shelves B.counters C.checkout D.lockers7.A.stood B.resisted C.believedin D.putoff8.A.maketrouble B.takeresponsibility C.playtricks D.presscharges9.A.consequently B.fortunately C.gradually D.incredibly10.A.ashamed B.shocked C.anxious D.innocent11.A.lesson B.oute C.choice D.excuse12.A.aid B.control C.remind D.reward13.A.returned B.exchanged C.taken D.ordered14.A.eyecatching B.risktaking C.private D.right15.A.politeness B.courage C.mercy D.admiration课时把关练PartIReadingandThinking参考答案Ⅰ.1.extend2.tale3.negotiated4.royal5.withdraw6.channel7.league8.bondsⅡ.1.inaleagueoftheirown2.inhand3.setsail4.searchfor5.withdrawfrom6.forthebenefitof7.becameknownas8.developrelationswithⅢ.1.extension句意：暂时延长两年将保证科学家有足够的时间。所填的词作主语，所以用名词形式。2.negotiation句意：回顾过去的十年，有许多你可以称之为谈判的东西。callsb./sth.sth.称……为……，此处要用名词形式。3.Royalty句意：来自世界各国的王室和政府首脑们正聚集在会议室。根据句意可知，此处指“王室”，所以用royalty。4.from句意：这艘船从塞浦路斯启航，经过32个小时的航行抵达加沙。5.Inspired句意：阳光明媚的天气令人振奋，这只青蛙决定去树林里探险。thefrog和inspire之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。6.with句意：这个国家尽最大努力和邻国发展友好关系。developrelationswith与……发展关系。Ⅳ.1.①inordertomaintain②inorderthattheycouldmaintaininorderto引导的目的状语与inorderthat引导的目的状语从句常可互相转换。2.①theplacethat/whichthat/which引导定语从句，修饰先行词theplace。②whatwenowcallwhat引导宾语从句。3.Althoughwealthy当时间、地点、条件、让步、方式等状语从句的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it，且从句谓语含有be动词时，可以把从句主语和be动词一起省略。4.Attractedbythebeautyofnature过去分词短语作原因状语。5.withsomanypeoplelookingather“with+宾语+宾补”构成with复合结构。因为people与look之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾补。V.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了古代的航海之旅以及丝绸之路的形成。1.curiosity考查名词。所填的词和and前面的trade并列，所以也要用名词形式。2.toplete考查非谓语动词。haveastrongdesiretodosth.有做某事的强烈愿望。3.known考查形容词。beeknownas作为……而变得知名。4.understanding考查名词。resultinbetterunderstandingof导致对……的更好的理解。5.led考查非谓语动词。ledby...由……带领。6.across考查介词。此处表示“横穿”印度洋到红海入口处，所以填across。7.whose考查定语从句。所填的词在定语从句中作定语，所以用whose。8.cooperation考查名词。此处意为“鼓励合作与贸易”，空格处与trade并列，故填其名词形式。9.the考查冠词。此处的“关系”特指中国和世界其他国家的关系，所以用the。10.countries考查名词复数。country是可数名词，前面有other修饰，所以用复数形式。VI.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述海洋里的塑料垃圾被环保艺术家做成一个巨型雕塑，极其震撼，引发了人们对塑料污染的反思。1.B细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，他想引发公众对塑料垃圾的关注。2.C推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可推知，这一段提到塑料吸管是为了告诉大家塑料吸管的特殊性导致其回收非常困难。3.A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知，这样的景象很有震撼性，令人不安。4.D主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句可知，本文主要讲述海洋里的塑料垃圾被环保艺术家做成一个巨型雕塑，极其震撼，引发了人们对塑料污染的反思。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。环境污染和其他人类活动正导致数千只海鸟死亡。生态学家利用卫星追踪海鸟行为。这项研究可以帮助评估人类活动的潜在影响，并帮助判断哪片海域应该被保护。5.B细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句可知，这项研究的目的之一是判断哪片海域应该被保护。6.A细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句可知，专家们在卫星的帮助下追踪海鸟。7.D细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句可知，大多数被追踪的海鸟会聚集在苏格兰海岸。8.C推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句及本段全部内容可知，Dr.Ewan对于这项研究持积极态度。VII.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了圣诞节前五天，警官Lima处理了一起盗窃案。两名女性在自助结账时扫描了一些商品，但还有一些商品没有扫描，并将这些商品装袋，这两名女性和两个孩子被防损部门扣留。Lima查看了她们的购物收据之后发现她们买的都是食物，意识到她们确实需要帮助，于是决定不起诉她们，还送给她们一张200美元的礼品卡，并告诉她们不要再以非法的方式获得东西。